RU2813213C1 - Manual pulse gas generating device with non-lethal cartridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: pulse-action gas-generating device with a non-lethal cartridge comprises a body with a handle made in the shape of a bent palm of a human hand, a contact block, a push button for turning on the device, the electrical contacts of the contact block are connected to a power source through an automatic switch, and a multi-place removable cartridge. Inside the cartridge there are cells with a non-lethal agent. The multi-seat removable cartridge comprises a cassette with a cover, in the body of which there are at least two-barrel channels, each of which is equipped with a piston unit, a gas generator and a non-lethal agent; the piston unit includes a piston, a sealing collar and an O-ring. A liquid irritant formulation is used as a non-lethal agent.

EFFECT: expansion of the functional and technological capabilities of the gas-generating device for self-defence.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hand-held devices for civilian use for self-defense, namely to devices with a non-lethal irritant effect from an attack by aggressive people and animals, through the directed impact of a projectile dosed mass of a liquid substance with an irritating effect when fired from a pulsed gas-generating device.

The invention can be used for protection and defense by employees of various animal services, hunters, gamekeepers, tourists, as well as military, police, security officers and other forces to restrain people or their groups in situations of aggressive actions, civil unrest. Developing non-lethal solutions for self-defense is an ongoing challenge. The Handheld Pulse Gas Generating Device with Non-Lethal Cartridge is a compact and easily concealable non-lethal tool that can be used by anyone.

The level of this field of technology is characterized by a non-lethal self-defense system and weapons according to US patent No. 2021108879 dated April 15, 2021, A41B 11/62, A41B 11/643, designed to stop or resist aggression from a person or animal without causing death, characterized by a trigger a platform containing a cartridge for a non-lethal defense system, containing a pair of coaxial barrels, a pair of vessels with compressed gas mounted on a pair of sleeves, respectively, a pair of o-ring seals associated with a pair of projectiles, each vessel with compressed gas contains compressed gas, and each vessel with compressed gas moves with a corresponding sleeve from a fixed position to a released position, a pair of projectiles associated with a pair of barrels, respectively, each projectile containing an irritating substance, and each projectile separated from a corresponding vessel of compressed gas by a corresponding diffuser, a pair of cannulas attached to a pair of diffusers, respectively , and associated with a pair of compressed gas vessels, respectively, each cannula having a sharp end designed to pierce a corresponding compressed gas vessel.

A cartridge may be equipped with different types of projectiles, for example, the same cartridge predecessor may be manufactured and equipped with at least two different projectiles in one aspect, and at least three different projectiles in another aspect, and at least four different projectiles in a different aspect. The projectiles may include a frangible ball containing a powdered irritant, a gel containing the irritant in a confined volume carried by a cartridge, a powdered irritant in a shell carried by the cartridge, and a frangible ball containing an inert powder, or a gel or powder. The projectiles may contain an irritant, such as a specially formulated pharmaceutical grade organic and synthetic pepper compound. For example, the irritant may be active pelargonic acid vanillyl amide (PAVA) or a capsicum oleoresin agent. The system can fire projectiles at up to 250 feet per second (FPS) from a distance of 20 feet to protect against attackers and animals in close encounters from 4 to 15 feet away. Thus, the same cartridge precursor can be used for different environments.

However, in addition to the inherent advantages of the ergonomic system, the device according to the above patent has a number of significant disadvantages, such as:

- the appearance of the system as a whole has the appearance of a firearm;

- the presence of two gas cylinders in the double-barrel cartridge body significantly complicates and weighs down the design of the system;

- has a complex design, including a large number of component elements, which increases the likelihood of the product as a whole becoming unusable,

- the cost of a manufactured product in mass production is costly and ineffective.

A technical solution is known under US patent No. 20070086190 dated April 19, 2007, A45B 3/02, A63B 15/02, F21V 33/00. The invention is a multi-functional law enforcement tool that includes several tools needed by law enforcement and security personnel. In one embodiment, the multifunctional product contains a handle, inside of which there is a removable cartridge of a replaceable reservoir (dispenser) for spraying a repellent spray. A similar technical solution is described in US patent No. 2004184260 dated September 23, 2004, F21V 33/00.

The disadvantages of these technical solutions include the following indicators:

- the appearance of the devices looks like a firearm,

- the devices have large dimensions, which almost completely eliminates their concealed carrying,

- devices are ineffective when used for their intended purpose.

- the presence in the design of such devices of extended pipe connections can lead to abnormal flow of irritating liquid.

- after each use for the intended purpose of the device, it is necessary to treat the outlet holes and surfaces of the tool.

A non-lethal self-defense weapon without a handle is known under US patent No. 2022170720 dated November 4, 2021, F41H 9/10. Some jurisdictions do not allow or restrict a person's ability to carry a firearm. This device is designed for personal protection and involves carrying a weapon that differs from the appearance of a pistol.

This non-lethal self-defense system and weapon provides individual personal protection against aggression or threat, and also prevents against the risks of accidental access and shooting by a child, personal moral issues associated with taking a life, legal restrictions associated with carrying firearms, etc.

The system has a double shot, double trigger that fits comfortably in the palm of your hand. The system has a hand-held, handleless body into which replaceable and interchangeable cartridges of compressed gas, such as nitrogen, are inserted to fire projectiles such as gel, frangible ball and powder projectiles under high pressure and at high velocities. The projectiles may contain an irritant, such as a specially formulated pharmaceutical grade organic and synthetic pepper compound. For example, the irritant may be active pelargonic acid vanillyl amide (PAVA) or a capsicum oleoresin agent. The system can fire projectiles at up to 250 feet per second (FPS) from a distance of 20 feet to protect against attackers and animals in close encounters from 4 to 15 feet away.

The gel projectile can be delivered at high speed and in a heavy liquid gel format, instantly covering the attacker's exposed skin, eyes, nose and mouth. A gel projectile can be an effective means of personal defense because the liquid gel instantly coats all exposed areas of the attacker's or animal's body. The gel cartridge can release a focused spray of gel, locking onto a target and coating it with an irritant that sticks. Excess gel may fall to the ground rather than hang in the air. Gel can be a good choice for indoor or crowded areas. The gel can be driven by compressed gas in a single high-pressure direct impact cavity. Firing at over 1,000 psi of pressure, the gel can travel at up to 200 fps over distances of up to 15 feet. The gel cartridge can contain two payloads. Each payload can contain 8 ml of gel and 10% surfactant.

A frangible ball projectile, the internal volume of which may include a gel or powder of an active ingredient or active agent, may have high kinetic energy and impact for stopping power because a frangible ball projectile can strike a target at a velocity of approximately 200 feet per second and with an energy of approximately 15 J. Upon impact, the frangible ball breaks into smaller pieces and releases its contents. The cartridge can hold two projectiles. The fragile ball, when it hits the surface of an object, causes severe pain, confusion and severely impairs the attacker's vision. Disposable, two-shot cartridges provide ease and speed of reloading.

The disadvantages of the presented system are that the projectile, when it collides with an object and destroys its shell, can cause significant damage, leading to serious injuries, the presence of two gas cylinders in the cartridge body significantly complicates and weighs down the design of the system, the device has a complex design containing a large number of components , which leads to an inflated cost of the manufactured product in mass production. The system, due to the fact that the design of its body has the form of a rectangular box with smoothed corners, at the moment of firing does not allow the weapon to be ergonomically and stably fixed in the hand and to provide sufficient back pressure with a seal of the extension of the hand to hold the system without recoil.

The design of a pulsed gas-generating device is known from the prior art according to utility model RU No. 138470 dated 02/08/2013, F41H 9/10, which contains a multi-seat cartridge with functional pyroelements placed in a housing with a handle, pressed against current-carrying supports, inside of which electrical communication contacts are located. through an automatic switch with a power source interacting with the connection key. Pyroelements of light-sound action are permanently fixed in a removable cartridge equipped with dimensional latches in the windows of the end copiers of the body, which has a shape congruent to the bent palm of a person’s hand, above one of which a pressure lever is mounted, while the supports of the pyroelements are made in the form of flat springs fixed in the common bottom plate of the landing housing sockets.

The proposed technical solution ensured the mobility and efficiency of using a gas-generating device to scare away stray dogs in a pack; it is compact, quickly recharged to generate a three-fold light and sound force of gaseous products formed during the combustion of pyroelements. The absence of freely available electric igniters that initiate a shot virtually eliminates the possibility of its criminal use.

The invention is known under patent RU No. 2599581 dated April 27, 2015, F42B 4/10, F41C 3/00, F41A 19/58. A manual gas-generating device of pulse action, the pyroelements of which are permanently installed in the autonomous cells of a multi-place replaceable cartridge, equipped with dimensional latches for fastening in the housing socket, shaped like the bent palm of a person’s hand, while the pyroelements are adjacent to the contacts at the bottom of the socket, which are connected through an automatic switch with a power supply equipped with a push-button power button. A feature of the device is that on the ledge of the cartridge cells, additionally above the pyroelements with a guaranteed gap, functional stars of a pyrotechnic composition are installed, covered with an obturating lid, while the cartridge is externally equipped with stiffening ribs and a through central window, the forming parts of which are made congruent to the adjacent surfaces (chosen by the applicant for the prototype).

These technical solutions confirm their suitability for universal use, both as a local deterrent and for setting up high-altitude warning structures.

However, a continuation of the advantages of the known devices is an inherent drawback: the use only as a device for scaring away stray dogs and wild animals or for signaling purposes by pulsed or light-sound forces of gaseous combustion products of pyroelements, or by the functioning of a pyrotechnic star flammable and thrown to a height of 70 m with the formation of a gas aerosol formation emitting in the optical range and serving for illumination or as a colored smoke signal.

The disadvantages of the above devices are also:

limited functionality of the gas-generating device due to the use of only cartridges with light-sound pyroelements or pyrotechnic stars in the device;

- when burning, pyroelements generate gaseous products emitted in the form of a forceful bright glow, therefore, in the event of unauthorized operation of the device, the active elements can lead to mild and moderate forms of damage to living objects, as well as burns of varying degrees of severity;

- there is no possibility of using means (cartridges) with irritating liquids of non-lethal effect, allowing for at least two consecutive activations with the release of an active liquid substance along the trajectory to the target;

- limited use of an automatic switch only with a pulsed current source;

- the automatic switch used has large dimensions; practice has shown premature failure of such a switch;

- the design does not require more than a two-socket cartridge;

- unsatisfactory manufacturing cost due to the high cost of a pulsed current source;

- due to the absence of repeating forms of external electrical contacts of the used gas generators of a multi-part removable cartridge in places where they are pressed against the support of the electrical contacts of the contact block in the form of contact parts of flat springs mounted on a single bottom plate of the mounting socket of the device body, the performance of the gas generating device is unstable and unreliable, while increased loading of the mechanism for quick-release fastening of the cartridge with the device, which leads to premature wear of the overall fixation latches in the windows of the end copiers of the housing with the handle and, in general, negatively affects the functional reliability and performance of the gas-generating device.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to expand the functional and technological capabilities of a gas-generating device for self-defense from attacks by aggressive people and animals, through the directed impact of a projectile dosed mass of an irritating liquid substance when fired from a pulsed gas-generating device. When visualized, the device should not be associated with a weapon, the number of component elements should be minimal, the body of the device with a cartridge should have small dimensions and weight parameters that allow them to be carried concealed. When separating a used cartridge from a device, it is necessary to achieve reliable release of it from the fixation zones to the device and completely exclude the possibility of the user touching the body of the used cartridge.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that the known gas-generating device of pulse action contains a housing with a handle made in the shape of a bent palm of a human hand, a contact block and a multi-place removable cartridge, inside of which cells with a non-lethal means of influence are located, the electrical contacts of the contact block are connected through an automatic switch to the power supply that interacts with the push button for turning on the device, the multi-place removable cartridge is equipped with dimensional fixation latches in the windows of the end copiers of the housing with a handle, above one of which a push lever is mounted, while the supports of the electrical contacts of the contact block are made in the form of flat springs fixed in a common bottom housing seat plate with handle.

A special feature of the device is that in order to increase the reliability of operation of the device, the contact parts of the electrical contact support of the contact block are made with arc-shaped cuts along the internal diameters of the external adjacent electrical contacts of the gas generators of the multi-place removable cartridge; a disposable removable power supply or battery is used as a power source; the multi-place removable cartridge contains a cassette with a cover in the body of which at least two barrel channels are made, each of which is equipped with a piston unit, a gas generator and a non-lethal means of action, the piston unit includes a piston, a sealing collar and an o-ring, while in the bottom part of the cassette cover there is a reinforced place , in which for each barrel channel there is a nozzle constriction, at the end of which there is a weakened place, through which it is opened during a shot and the thrown non-lethal means of influence is launched onto the trajectory to the target; a formulation of a liquid composition of an irritating effect is used as a non-lethal means of influence.

Making the contact parts of the electrical contact support (flat springs) of the contact block with arcuate cuts along the inner diameters of the external adjacent electrical contacts of at least two gas generators of the multi-seat removable cartridge made it possible to weaken the excessively generated voltage on the overall fixation latches in the windows of the end copiers of the housing with a handle when fixing and without physical contact, separate the cartridge from the body of the device when acting on the pressure lever (with a soft rebound), and also ensure reliable connection of the contact group of electrical contacts over the entire surface in the areas of their contact, which made it possible to significantly increase the service life of the component functional elements of the gas-generating device.

A pulse-action gas-generating device with a non-lethal cartridge has confirmed its reliability, long-term and stable performance without the need for a cheaper power source (disposable removable power supply).

The proposed technical solution ensured a reduction in the cost of manufacturing the device by 30% relative to the device chosen for the prototype by eliminating the pulsed current source and replacing it with a publicly available, freely available, disposable removable power supply or battery that powers the start button, through an automatic switch.

The multi-seat removable cartridge contains a cassette with a lid, in the body of which at least two barrel channels are made, each of which is equipped with a piston unit, a gas generator and a non-lethal means of action, the piston unit includes a piston, a sealing collar and an o-ring, and in the bottom part The cassette cover has a reinforced place, in which for each barrel channel there is a nozzle narrowing, at the end of which there is a weakened place, through which it is opened when fired and the thrown non-lethal means of influence are launched onto the trajectory to the target; a liquid formulation is used as a non-lethal means of influence irritating action.

The essence of the proposed gas-generating device is illustrated by drawings, which have a purely illustrative purpose and do not limit the scope of claims of the set of essential features of the formula.

The figures show the following types of pulsed gas-generating devices with a non-lethal cartridge:

in fig. 1 - general view of a pulsed gas-generating device with a non-lethal cartridge (side view);

in fig. 2 - view of the gas-generating device when fixing and separating the multi-seat removable cartridge;

in fig. 3 - view of a pulse-action gas-generating device without a multi-seat removable cartridge (front view);

in fig. 4 - contact parts of the electrical contact support of the gas-generating device contact block;

in fig. 5 - multiple removable cartridge (components).

The plastic case 1, made in the shape of a bent palm of a person’s hand, is equipped at the working end with a seat 2 for a replaceable multi-seat cartridge 3.

The external electrical contacts of at least two gas generators 4 rest on the spring-loaded contact parts 5 of the support 6 of the electrical contacts (flat springs) of the device contact block, made with arcuate cuts along the inner diameters of the external adjacent electrical contacts of at least two gas generators 4 of the multi-place removable cartridge 3 and connected to an automatic switch 7, which has a program for connecting to a power source 8, activated by a button 9 from a push button 10,

For example, a CR 123 lithium battery or accumulator can be used as a power source.

At the overall ends of the multi-place removable cartridge 3, there are spring latches 11, which are kinematically closed when installed in the windows 12 of the device housing 1, located behind the wedge copiers (not shown in the figure), compressing the cantilever-mounted latches 11 when supplying replaceable cartridges 3 into the mounting socket 2 to stop with fixation.

In this case, the flat springs of the contact parts of the support 6 of the electrical contacts are loaded, which are deflected all the way to the supporting plate, which ensures a smooth force closure of the removable cartridge 3 in the mounting socket 2 of the device and a backlash-free connection of the electrical contacts of the gas generators 4 to the corresponding spring-loaded contact parts 5 of the support 6 of the electrical contacts of the device contact block

Above one of the windows 12 (upper) of the copier on the body 1 of the device, a pressure lever 13 is mounted for fixing and separating (opening) the multi-place removable cartridge 3.

The multi-seat removable cartridge 3 contains a cassette 14 with a lid 15, in the body of which at least two barrel channels 16 are made, each of which contains a non-lethal agent 17 (liquid with an active substance of irritant action), a piston unit 18 and a gas generator 4, unit 18 piston includes a piston 19, a sealing collar 20 and a sealing ring 21, while in the bottom part of the cassette cover there is a reinforced place 22, for each barrel channel there is a nozzle narrowing 23, in which for each barrel channel there is a nozzle narrowing, at the end of which there is a weakened place 24, at which it is opened when fired and the thrown non-lethal means of influence is released onto the trajectory to the target, as a non-lethal means of influence 17, a formulation of a liquid composition of an irritating effect is used.

As a non-lethal means of influencing a multi-place removable cartridge, as an example, a liquid irritating composition known from the prior art according to the RF patent for invention No. 2634448, priority dated 10/19/2016 can be used. This composition as active substances contains irritants and their combinations permitted on the territory of the Russian Federation, the content of which is regulated by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 583n dated October 22, 2008.

The liquid irritant composition for self-defense products (variants) according to RF patent No. 2634448 contains at least one irritant, thickener, dimethyl sulfoxide and an organic solvent glycerol triacetate or a mixture of tri-, di- and mono-glycerol acetates with a glycerol triacetate content of at least 54 wt. . %, with the following ratio of components, wt. %:

irritant 0.5-6.0

glycerol triacetate or mixture

tri-, di- and mono-acetates of glycerol 64-94

dimethyl sulfoxide 2-20

thickener 1-10.

Hermetically sealed fixation of the cassette with the lid of a multi-place removable cartridge is carried out using an adhesive composition, the main components of which are a solvent of synthetic elements and liquid polystyrene, which is responsible for the viscosity of the consistency, for example “Moment Plastic”, or “Dichloroethane”, or acid-resistant plastic glue “Airline”.

The distinctive features of the claimed invention made it possible to expand the functional and technological capabilities of the above-described pulse-action gas-generating device with a non-lethal cartridge.

The device operates as follows.

When the finger of the hand holding the device presses the key 10 from the button 9, the power source 8 is connected to the switch 7, which automatically initiates one of at least two electrical contacts of the contact part 5 of the support 6 of the contact block of the device. The automatic switch 7 interrogates in turn each electric igniter of the gas generator 4 of the multi-place cartridge 3, after which, at the same time, the charged gas generator 4 of the cartridge 3 is activated.

The current pulse from the electrical contact of the contact part 5 is transmitted to the adjacent gas generator 4, initiating its igniter, sensitive to thermal energy, which ignites the pyrotechnic composition of the gas generator 4.

Automatic switch 7 (for example, FIP007, microassembly IRVZH 468349.000 TU) is connected to button 9 through the battery compartment to a disposable removable power source 8 (for example, lithium battery CR 123), and to three electric igniters of gas generators 4, respectively, when you press the push button 10 of the device the current from the battery passes through the switch 7, after which a signal (poll) is sent to the first electric igniter, if there is resistance on the electric igniter (the channel is equipped), at the same time, an operating voltage current is supplied from the microassembly and the gas-generating device is triggered. If the resistance on the electric igniter is not enough, then the switch supplies current to the next one and the same poll is performed. All these actions happen in one click.

When the composition of the gas generator 4 burns, gaseous products are generated, which in the engaged barrel channel 16 form excess pressure, which acts on the piston unit 18 in the direction of the nozzle narrowing 24, while the outlet opening in the weakened area of the cover 15 of the cassette 14 is opened and a dosed projectile non-lethal agent is released 17 (liquids with an irritant active substance) up to 2 ml at a distance of up to 5 m.

After using all the gas generators 4 of the multi-place removable cartridge 3 with a finger, press the lever 13, disengaging the end latch 11 from the window 12, which slides along the wedge copier, releasing the cartridge 3 with a rebound to disconnect the electrical contacts and separate it from the mounting socket 2 of the housing 1 of the device without physical contact of the user with the used cartridge.

Depending on the need for further use of the device, a new cartridge 3 is taken by the cover 15 and fed into the seat 2 until it clicks, compressing the leaf springs and closing the spring-loaded contact parts 5 with arcuate cuts, while the cantilever clamped latches 11, sliding along the copiers, are deflected towards the axial cartridge lines 3.

When the latches 11 reach the windows 12 in the copiers, they open spring-loaded and kinematically close the cartridge 3 in the housing 1, after which the device is ready to continue working for its intended purpose.

The device can operate as a single actuation or in a burst with sequential actuation of all gas generators 4, after which the cartridge 3 is replaced with a new one.

The distinctive features of the claimed device with a disposable removable power supply (or battery) made it possible to operate the device both according to the proposed technical solution and the one taken by the authors as the closest analogue using a pulse generator as a power source.

A comparison of the proposed technical solution with the closest analogues from the prior art did not reveal an identical coincidence of the set of essential features of the invention. A pulse-action gas-generating device with a non-lethal cartridge, made in accordance with the invention proposed by the applicant, has novelty and higher operational efficiency compared to known similar devices.

The differences between a pulse-action gas-generating device and a non-lethal cartridge proposed by the authors are not obvious to a specialist in self-defense weapons technology, and do not directly follow from the formulation of the technical problem.

The production of the proposed universal multifunctional device with cartridges of non-lethal effects can be carried out serially at the applicant's existing pyrotechnic production.

From the above we can conclude that the invention complies with the conditions of patentability.

Claims (1)

A gas-generating device of pulse action with a cartridge of non-lethal effect, containing a housing with a handle made in the shape of a bent palm of a human hand, a contact block and a multi-place removable cartridge, inside of which cells with a non-lethal means of influence are located, the electrical contacts of the contact block are connected to a power source through an automatic switch, interacting with the push button for turning on the device, the multi-place removable cartridge is equipped with dimensional fixation latches in the windows of the end copiers of the case with a handle, above one of which a push lever is mounted, while the supports of the electrical contacts of the contact block are made in the form of flat springs fixed in the common bottom plate of the housing socket with a handle, characterized in that in order to increase the reliability of operation of the device, the contact parts of the support of the electrical contacts of the contact block are made with arc-shaped cuts along the internal diameters of the external adjacent electrical contacts of the gas generators of the multi-place removable cartridge; a disposable removable power supply or battery is used as a power source; the multi-place removable cartridge contains a cassette with a cover, in the body of which at least two barrel channels are made, each of which is equipped with a piston unit, a gas generator and a non-lethal means of action, the piston unit includes a piston, a sealing collar and an O-ring, while there is a reinforced place in the bottom part of the cassette cover, in which for each barrel channel there is a nozzle constriction, at the end of which there is a weakened place, through which it is opened when fired and the thrown non-lethal means of influence is launched onto the trajectory to the target; a formulation of a liquid composition of an irritating effect is used as a non-lethal means of influence.