RU2811562C1 - Method of address transmission of information via ac power supply line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information transmission systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to systems for transmitting information over alternating current power supply lines and is intended for remote control of the operating modes of electricity consumers connected to the power supply line, namely LED lamps. A method for addressing information transmission over an AC power supply line, assuming the information transmission consisting of an address field and a data field limited by markers over an AC line. The information is transmitted via a transmitter at the beginning of the line with the possibility of interrupting the supply voltage for a time equal to half a period of the fundamental harmonic, with the beginning at the point of transition of the fundamental harmonic through zero. The information is received by receivers that capture interruptions in the supply voltage and are located along the alternating current line. The transmitter contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, controlled by a microprocessor, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero and a switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, controlled by a microprocessor. Each receiver has its own number and contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, and a counter of periods of the supply voltage. At the beginning of information transmission, the switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, then a whole number of periods of the supply voltage follows, corresponding to a predetermined control command. When the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts negative half-wave of the supply voltage, then the number of periods of the supply voltage corresponding to the receiver identifier follows. When the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, in each receiver the moment of interruption of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage is determined, based on the absence of pulses coming from the sensor of transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, using a counter of periods of the supply voltage. The number of whole periods of the supply voltage is counted until the interruption of the negative half-wave. The control command is recorded and the counting of periods of the supply voltage begins until the interruption of the negative half-wave of the supply is detected again voltage. The receiver identifier is fixed and the receiver control command with the corresponding identifier is executed.

EFFECT: increasing the reliability of information transmission and simplifying the method.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to systems for transmitting information over alternating current power supply lines and is intended for remote control of the operating modes of electricity consumers connected to the power supply line, namely, LED lamps.

There is a known method and device for receiving information via AC power lines, described in the RF patent for invention No. 2762306, published on December 17, 2021. Information is transmitted in information packets consisting of an address field and a data field delimited by markers. On the receiving side, to select marker signals, a pulse selector is used, which selects signals with an amplitude beyond the established limits. The marker signals are formed in the form of a logical “0”, which is longer in time than the half-cycle time of the mains voltage, and the address and data signals are formed in the form of a logical “1”.

Common to the proposed technical solution is the transmission of information consisting of an address field and a data field limited by markers.

The known method is not reliable enough in conditions of electromagnetic interference.

A device for receiving and transmitting information over the power supply network and controlling the operating modes of electrical energy consumers is known, described in the RF patent for invention No. 99913, published on November 27, 2010. The operation of the known device is carried out as follows: with the digital method of transmitting a control signal, a code package is formed, consisting of one or more addresses of consumers of electrical energy and the values of control signals transmitted to these addresses. The parcel is encoded with a binary code, for example, the Manchester code, and is sent to a phase regulator, which performs latitudinal manipulation of the supply voltage with a given range of angles and respecting the parity of information at each period of the mains voltage to eliminate the DC component. The message is formed over several periods of the mains voltage, and the presence or absence of the manipulation angle in each period corresponds to two values of the binary variable.

What is common to the proposed technical solution is the transmission of information consisting of the addresses of electrical energy consumers and the values of control signals transmitted to these addresses.

The binary representation of the transmitted data and the method of encoding them through combinations of supply voltage interruptions leads to the fact that the number and frequency of supply voltage interruptions will depend on the value of the transmitted binary data and have a significant impact on the quality of the supply voltage. The use of this transmission method can take the parameters of the power supply network beyond the limits regulated by international and state standards, as well as negatively affect the operation of electrical appliances that are connected to this network.

There is a known method of address transmission of information via an alternating current power supply line, described in the RF patent for invention No. 2390933, published on May 27, 2010. The method consists in placing a transmitter at the beginning of the line, consisting of a microprocessor unit, a sensor for the moment of zero crossing of the main harmonic of the supply voltage, and a controlled switching device, which can interrupt the supply of supply voltage to the line for a time equal to half the period of the fundamental harmonic of the supply voltage, with the beginning at the point of transition of the fundamental harmonic through zero, a number of receivers are placed along the line, each of which consists of a microcontroller to which a sensor is connected to the moment of zero crossing of the fundamental harmonic of the supply voltage, each receiver has its own serial number (unique identifier of the receiver), transmitted information encoded with a sequence of characters from a predetermined alphabet, with each character corresponding to its serial number in the alphabet (character code), then the resulting sequence of characters is formed into packets of a fixed length, each packet consists of a receiver identifier field and a fixed number of numeric fields, each numeric field is written the corresponding character code of the transmitted sequence, then the packet is transmitted along the power supply line, the difference between the invention is that the beginning of the packet corresponds to the first interruption of the supply voltage (start marker), then the value of the receiver identifier field is encoded by feeding into the line the corresponding number of half-waves of the supply voltage, then follows the second interruption of the supply voltage (field separator), then the value of the second field of the packet is encoded by sending into the line the number of half-waves of the supply voltage corresponding to the symbol code, after which the third field separator is transmitted and then the following fields of the packet are transmitted in the same way, the receiver determines the moments of interruptions of the supply voltage by the absence of pulses arriving from the zero-crossing moment sensor, the receiver microprocessor counts the number of half-waves of the fundamental voltage harmonic that have passed between interruptions, then the number of half-waves counted in each field of the packet is matched by the code value to a symbol of the given alphabet, and thus the transmitted packet is restored if the received identifier is not equal the receiver's own identifier, the packet is ignored; after receiving the packet, all receivers go into the state of waiting for a start marker.

Common to the proposed technical solution is the transmission and reception of information via an AC line, consisting of an address field and a data field, limited by markers; the information is transmitted via a transmitter at the beginning of the line with the possibility of interrupting the supply voltage for a time equal to half the period of the fundamental harmonic, reception information is carried out by receivers that detect interruptions in the supply voltage and are located along the alternating current line.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of generating and detecting information, which in real power supply networks leads to the loss of information packets and forced retransmission. For each receiver or group of receivers, it is necessary to repeat the command separately, which complicates the work and lengthens the time for transmitting control commands. During the transmission of the control packet, complex encoding and division of the data packet is carried out with the issuance of a large number of markers, which, when the lighting is on, leads to pulsations of illumination and current surges in the power network. After each packet it is necessary to maintain a guaranteed pause, which also affects the speed of information transfer.

The technical challenge is to create a reliable method for addressing information transmission.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of information transmission and simplify the method.

The problem is solved by the fact that the method of address transmission of information along an alternating current power supply line, which consists in transmitting information along an alternating current line consisting of an address field and a data field limited by markers; the information is transmitted through a transmitter at the beginning of the line with the possibility of interrupting the supply voltage for a time equal to half the period of the fundamental harmonic, starting at the point of transition of the fundamental harmonic through zero, information is received by receivers that capture interruptions in the supply voltage and are located along the alternating current line; according to the invention, the transmitter contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, controlled by a microprocessor, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, controlled by a microprocessor, each receiver has its own number and contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage voltage through zero, a counter of supply voltage periods, at the beginning of information transfer, the switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, then an integer number of supply voltage periods corresponding to a predetermined control command follows when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero , the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, then the number of periods of the supply voltage corresponding to the receiver identifier follows, then when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, in each receiver, the moment of interruption of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage is determined by the absence of pulses coming from the sensor of transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, using a counter of periods of the supply voltage, the number of whole periods of the supply voltage is counted until the moment of interruption of the negative half-wave, the control command is recorded and the counting of periods begins supply voltage until the interruption of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage is detected again, the receiver identifier is fixed and the receiver control command with the corresponding identifier is executed.

Due to the fact that the transmitter contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage controlled by a microprocessor, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage controlled by a microprocessor, each receiver has its own number and contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a counter of periods of the supply voltage, at the beginning of information transfer, the switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, then an integer number of periods of the supply voltage follows , corresponding to a predetermined control command, when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, then the number of periods of the supply voltage corresponding to the receiver identifier follows, then when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage; in each receiver, the moment of interruption of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage is determined by the absence of pulses coming from the sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero; using a supply voltage period counter, the number of integers is counted periods of the supply voltage until the interruption of the negative half-wave, the control command is fixed and the counting of periods of the supply voltage begins until the interruption of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage is detected again, the receiver identifier is fixed and the receiver control command with the corresponding identifier is executed, the reliability of information transmission is increased and the method is simplified.

The inventive method is accompanied by drawings:

Fig. 1 - Scheme of address transmission of information via AC power supply line;

Fig. 2 - Voltage timing diagram, half-wave interruptions are shown by shading.

The method of address transmission of information along an AC power supply line consists of transmitting information over an AC line, consisting of an address field and a data field, limited by a half-cycle of interruption of the supply voltage (markers); the information is transmitted via a transmitter at the beginning of the line with the possibility of interrupting the supply voltage voltage for a time equal to half the period of the fundamental harmonic, starting at the point of transition of the fundamental harmonic through zero, information is received by receivers that detect interruptions in the supply voltage and are located along the alternating current line. At the beginning of the AC supply line 1 there is a transmitter 2, which contains a sensor for the transition of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 3, a switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage 4, controlled by a microprocessor, a sensor for the transition of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 5, a switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage 6, controlled by microprocessor. Such a circuit can be implemented using optothyristors. Further on line 1 there are many receivers 7 - LED lamps. Each receiver 7 has its own identifier, number, physically installed, and contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 8, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 9, a microprocessor with a counter of periods of the supply voltage 10. Sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 3 and the sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 5 continuously output voltage pulses at the moments of transition through zero of the positive and negative half-waves of the supply voltage, respectively. A controlled switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage 4 and a controlled switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage 6 can interrupt the supply of supply voltage to line 1 by a signal received from the microcontroller to its control input. At the beginning of the transmission of information, the switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage 4 interrupts the positive half-wave 11 of the supply voltage, which means the beginning of the transmission of the control command 12. Then an integer number of periods of the supply voltage follows until the interruption of the negative half-wave 13 of the supply voltage, corresponding to a predetermined control command 12, For example:

- 10 periods - turn on at 100% power;

- 11 periods - turn on at 75% power;

- 12 periods - turn on at 50% power;

- 13 periods - command to switch off.

Next, when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage 6 interrupts the negative half-wave 13 of the supply voltage, which means the end of the transmission of the control command 12 and the beginning of the transmission of the identifier 14. Thus, the separation of the control command and the luminaire identifier is clearly indicated. through the use of supply voltage interruptions of different polarities. Then follows the countdown of the number of periods of the supply voltage until the negative half-wave 15 of the supply voltage is interrupted, corresponding to the identifier 14 of the receiver 7, for example:

- 98 - general identifier of odd luminaires on the line;

- 99 - general identifier of even luminaires on the line;

- 100 - common identifier for all luminaires on the line;

- 101 - identifier of the Nth lamp;

- 102, etc. - identifier of the (N+1)-th lamp.

Next, when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage 13 interrupts the negative half-wave 15 of the supply voltage, which means the end of the transmission of the lamp identifier. If necessary, the lamp identifier transmission cycle can be repeated to execute the fixed control command 12.

Information is received as follows. In each receiver, the moment of interruption of the positive half-wave 11 of the supply voltage is determined by the absence of pulses coming from the sensor of transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero 8, which always indicates the beginning of reception of the control command 12 by all receivers 7 on line 1. Using a supply voltage period counter 10, the microcontroller counts the number of whole periods of the supply voltage until the interruption of the negative half-wave 13, which means the end of receiving the control command 12 and the beginning of receiving the identifier. All receivers 7 fix the control command 12 and begin counting the periods of the supply voltage until the interruption of the negative half-wave 15 of the supply voltage is detected again, which marks the end of receiving the receiver identifier 14, the transmitted identifier 14 is fixed, and if the identifier 14 matches one of the receiver identifiers, the control command 12 is executed receiver 7 with the corresponding identifier. The receiver 7 can have several identifiers 14, both individual and group. For example:

- identifier 98 - the received control command is executed for all even-numbered luminaires;

- identifier 99 - the received control command is executed for all even-numbered luminaires;

- identifier 100 - the received command is executed for all lamps;

- ID 101, etc. - the accepted command for a specific lamp is executed.

Claims (1)

A method for addressing information transmission over an AC power supply line, which consists of transmitting information over an AC line consisting of an address field and a data field limited by markers; the information is transmitted via a transmitter at the beginning of the line with the possibility of interrupting the supply voltage for a time equal to half a period fundamental harmonic, with the beginning at the point of transition of the fundamental harmonic through zero, information is received by receivers that capture interruptions in the supply voltage and are located along the alternating current line, characterized in that the transmitter contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage voltage, controlled by a microprocessor, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, controlled by a microprocessor, each receiver has its own number and contains a sensor for transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a sensor for transitions of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, a counter periods of the supply voltage, at the beginning of information transfer, the switching device for the positive half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, then an integer number of periods of the supply voltage corresponding to a predetermined control command follows, when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, then the number of periods of the supply voltage corresponding to the receiver identifier follows, then when the next negative half-wave of the supply voltage passes through zero, the switching device for the negative half-wave of the supply voltage interrupts the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, the moment is determined in each receiver interruption of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage, based on the absence of pulses coming from the sensor of transitions of the positive half-wave of the supply voltage through zero, using a supply voltage period counter, the number of whole periods of the supply voltage is counted until the interruption of the negative half-wave, the control command is recorded and the counting of supply voltage periods begins until re-detection interruption of the negative half-wave of the supply voltage, the receiver identifier is fixed and the receiver control command with the corresponding identifier is executed.