RU2808202C1 - Repeater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio communications.

SUBSTANCE: providing multiple access to communication resources. The transponder contains an antenna-feeder device in the form of a conformal phased antenna array, a digital modem having m inputs and m outputs of external mating carrier systems and a device input/output for loading initial data, and a control unit connected via a local area network with control inputs/outputs and control of n beam-forming circuits and n transceivers.

EFFECT: increasing the number of simultaneously served correspondents, separated in space, due to the introduction of a conformal phased array antenna with a controlled radiation pattern and code division multiple access method.

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Description

The invention relates to radio communications and can be used to provide multiple access to communication resources.

A two-channel device for relaying discrete signals [1] is known, containing two receiving blocks, each of which is connected to a corresponding evaluation block and a decision block. The device also contains a comparison unit and two transmission units. However, the known device works simultaneously with only two correspondents and does not have the necessary noise immunity.

A known analogue is a two-channel device for relaying discrete signals [2]. A two-channel device for relaying discrete signals contains a first receiving block, the output of which is connected to the combined first input of the first evaluation block and the input of the first decision block, a second receiving block, the output of which is connected to the combined first input of the second evaluation block and the input of the second decision block, as well as a comparison block and first and second transmission blocks, first and second AND elements, first and second prohibition elements. In this case, the first outputs of the first and second decision blocks are connected to the second inputs of the first and second evaluation blocks, respectively, the outputs of which, respectively, through the first and second AND elements are connected to the control inputs of the first and second prohibition elements, respectively. The outputs of the first and second prohibition elements are connected to the inputs of the first and second transmission blocks, respectively. The second outputs of the first decision block are connected to the signal input of the first prohibition element, combined with the first input of the comparison block. The second outputs of the second decision block are connected to the signal input of the second prohibition element, combined with the second input of the comparison block. The outputs of the first and second decision blocks are connected to the combined second inputs of the first and second AND elements.

However, the analogue has disadvantages:

- low noise immunity due to the lack of antennas with narrow radiation patterns and hardware reliability of the device due to the lack of node redundancy;

- the device is designed for only 2 channels, and in many practical cases more relay channels are required;

- if the receiving unit of the first channel and the transmitting unit of the second channel fail, or vice versa, the device will not be operational.

A device for relaying discrete signals is known [3]. The discrete signal relay device has m channels. Each channel consists of a receiving block connected simultaneously to the inputs of the evaluation block and the decision block. The first output of the decision block is connected to the second input of the evaluation block. The output of the first channel evaluation unit is connected through the first delay element to the first inputs of m multiplexers. The output of the second channel evaluation unit is connected through the second delay element to the second inputs of the multiplexers, and so on. The output of the m-channel estimation unit is connected through the m-th delay element to the m-th inputs of all m multiplexers. The outputs of each decision block are connected to the corresponding m inputs of the computing unit, the m control outputs of which are connected to the corresponding control inputs of m multiplexers. The first group of m inputs and outputs of the computing unit is connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of each of the m receiving blocks, m inputs and outputs of the second group of the computing unit are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of each of the m transmission blocks.

However, the analogue has disadvantages:

- there are no blocks providing protection against interference;

- there are no procedures for protection against interference and tracking the spatial location of the interference source;

- in the presence of an interference source, the number of subscribers served from this direction is programmatically reduced.

A device for relaying discrete signals is known [4]. It contains m channels, each of which consists of a receiving block connected simultaneously to the inputs of the evaluation block and the decision block. The first output of the decision block is connected to the second input of the evaluation block, transmission block, computing block, m delay elements, m multiplexers. The output of the first evaluation unit of the first channel is connected through the first delay element to the first inputs of each of the m multiplexers. The output of the second evaluation unit of the second channel is connected through the second delay element to the second inputs of each of the m multiplexers, and so on, the output of the m-th evaluation unit is connected through the m-th delay element to the m-inputs of each of the m multiplexers. The outputs of each decision block are connected to the corresponding main inputs of the computing block, m outputs of which are connected to the corresponding control inputs of m multiplexers. The first group of m inputs and outputs of the computing unit is connected to the corresponding inputs/outputs of each of the m receiving blocks. The second group of m inputs and outputs of the computing unit is connected to the corresponding inputs/outputs of each of the m transmission blocks, m wide-range receiving antenna arrays are connected to the corresponding m receiving blocks. The control inputs of m wide-band receiving antenna arrays are connected to the third group of m inputs and outputs of the computing unit, m wide-band transmitting antenna arrays are connected to the corresponding m transmission units. The control inputs of m wide-band transmitting antenna arrays are connected to the fourth group of m inputs and outputs of the computing unit, the output of the global navigation satellite systems signal receiver is connected to the first input of the computing unit, the second input of which is used to download data.

However, the analogue has disadvantages:

- simultaneous work is possible only with two correspondents;

- protection against interference is reduced due to the lack of simultaneous monitoring of changes in the spatial location of sources and recipients of information relative to the coordinates of the jammer;

- there is no mixing of transmitted data;

- information about the reliability of the relayed data and the operability of the relay equipment is not provided to sources, recipients of information and external media systems located next to the relay device.

A digital radio relay station is known that operates as a signal repeater between two correspondents [5], taken as a prototype. The station contains an antenna-feeder device connected to an antenna-rotator device and a transceiver, as well as a digital modem connected to the transceiver and a control unit connected to the antenna-rotator device. The transceiver is made in the form of transceivers of the upper and lower high frequency subbands. The antenna-feeder device is made in the form of antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency subbands. An automated remote adjustment device with an electronic compass is introduced into the antenna-rotating device, designed to align the antennas in azimuth and transmit the azimuth value from the electronic compass to the digital modem. The digital modem is configured to receive the azimuth value and transmit signals for the deviation of the position of the antennas of the upper and lower high-frequency sub-bands from the alignment line to the control unit, switch the transceivers of the upper and lower high-frequency sub-bands and gradually increase their output power until synchronization is established between the radio relay stations. The digital modem has a built-in error probability meter, designed to compare the fixed error probability with the permissible probability, and regulate the output power of the transceivers. The digital modem is configured to estimate the parameters of the communication channel based on the signal-to-interference ratio in the upper and lower sub-bands of high frequencies of pilot signals and information parameters of the received signal based on the cyclic redundancy code. The digital modem in the receiving path contains a sequentially connected signal-to-noise ratio estimation unit, an error-resistant decoder and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) calculator.

The digital modem calculator, using software, not only calculates the cyclic redundancy check (CRC), but also determines the deviation of the position of the antennas of the upper and lower frequency ranges from the north direction specified by the magnetic compass, compares the readings of the electronic compass with the geographical coordinates of the location of two radio relays stations, calculates its own azimuth and the azimuth of the correspondent, if the compass readings coincide with the calculated azimuth value, sends a command to stop the antenna-rotator device, if the readings do not coincide, sends a command to the control unit to rotate the antenna-rotator device, controls the operation of the error probability meter at the interval, monitors and evaluates the parameters of the communication channel, ensures the generation and transmission of service information (telemetry), including pilot signals together with useful information, carries out precise adjustment of antennas in manual mode based on the readings of the error probability meter on the interval, increases the output power of the upper ( lower) subbands of high frequencies by a given value Δ1 until synchronization occurs with the correspondent station, determines the time of fixation of the error probability value, determines the subband with the best quality and uses it for receiving and transmitting useful information, makes an adaptive choice of one of the two high frequency subbands in adaptive power mode, calculates the energy and information parameters of the received signal.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

- the device is strictly tied to working with only two stationary correspondents;

- the presence of an antenna-rotating device and an automated remote adjustment device implies the presence of an operator;

- a complex and time-consuming technology was used to adjust the deviation of the antenna position of the upper and lower high-frequency sub-bands;

- a gradual increase in the output power of the transmitter until synchronization is established between spatially separated subscribers makes it difficult to quickly exchange data;

- the use of cyclic redundancy code to increase noise immunity is not the best option, because there are more efficient codes, for example, turbo codes [6].

The technical objective of the proposed invention is to increase the number of simultaneously served correspondents, separated in space, through the use of a conformal phased array antenna with a controlled radiation pattern and code division multiple access technology [7-9].

To achieve a technical result in a repeater containing an antenna-feeder device, transceivers, a digital modem connected to a transceiver, a control unit, an automated workstation (AWS) and connected to a remote adjustment device with an electronic compass designed to align antennas in azimuth and transmit in digital modem for azimuth values from an electronic compass, the digital modem has a built-in error probability meter and regulation of the output power of the transceivers, the digital modem is designed to receive azimuth values and transmit signals for deviation of the antenna position from the alignment line to the control unit, as well as with the ability to estimate the parameters of the communication channel in terms of the signal/noise ratio of pilot signals and the information parameters of the received signal, in the receiving path the digital modem contains a block for estimating the signal/noise ratio, an noise-resistant decoder and a computer; the antenna-feeder device is made in the form of a conformal phased antenna array of n elements, consisting of half-wave vibrators of the designated frequency range, each of which is connected through the corresponding serially connected i-th beamforming circuit and the i-th transceiver connected to the corresponding high-frequency input and high-frequency output of the digital modem, the digital modem is connected by two-way connections to the control unit, a remote adjustment device with an electronic compass, with a circuit for determining the direction of arrival of a radio signal, while the digital modem has m inputs and m outputs of external mating carrier systems and an input/output of a device for loading initial data, the control unit is connected via a local area network to the control and monitoring inputs/outputs of n diagramming circuits and n transceivers , each diagram-forming circuit consists of a series-connected phase shifter, a “receive-transmit” switch, a protection circuit, while the control and monitoring inputs/outputs of the phase shifter and the “receive-transmit” switch are connected through a local area network and a control unit to the computer, high-frequency input/ the output of the phase shifter is connected to the corresponding element of the AFU, the high-frequency input of the “receive-transmit” switch is connected to the output of the third bandpass filter, the high-frequency output of the protection circuit is connected to the input of the first bandpass filter, each transceiver consists of two chains of nodes, the first of which contains the first bandpass connected in series a filter, a low-noise high-frequency amplifier, a first mixer and a low-pass filter connected to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, wherein the corresponding input of the first mixer is connected to the first output of the first synthesizer, the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the demodulator, the second chain contains series-connected second a mixer, a second bandpass filter, a power amplifier and a third bandpass filter connected to the high-frequency input of the transmit-receive switch, while the input of the second mixer is connected to the output of the modulator, the corresponding input of the second mixer is connected to the first output of the second synthesizer, the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the modulator, and the corresponding inputs/outputs of the low-noise high-frequency amplifier, the first mixer, the first synthesizer, the second mixer, the power amplifier and the second synthesizer are connected via a local computer network to the control unit, the digital modem additionally includes two chains of nodes, the first of which consists consisting of a series-connected analog-to-digital converter, demodulator, noise-resistant decoder, message decoder with orthogonal signals and a message generation unit with m device outputs, while the output of the analog-to-digital converter is also connected to the input of the signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit, the corresponding input of the message decoder with orthogonal signals connected to the output of the first generator of initial orthogonal codes, the second chain consists of a serially connected message processing unit with m inputs of the device, a message encoder with orthogonal signals with m inputs, a noise-resistant encoder and a modulator, with the (m+1)th input of the message encoder with orthogonal signals with m inputs is connected to the output of the second generator of initial orthogonal codes, and the inputs/outputs of an analog-to-digital converter, a unit for measuring the signal-to-noise ratio, a demodulator, an noise-resistant decoder, a message decoder with orthogonal signals, a first generator of initial orthogonal codes, a message processing unit with m inputs devices, a message encoder for orthogonal signals with m inputs, a noise-resistant encoder, a modulator, a second generator of initial orthogonal codes, a calculator and an error probability meter are connected via a local computer network to the control unit, the second input/output of the calculator is connected to a circuit for determining the direction of arrival of the radio signal, and the third The input/output of the calculator is the input/output for loading source data.

The invention is illustrated by figures. In fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the repeater; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a diagram-forming circuit; in FIG. 3 - block diagram of the transceiver, Fig. 4 - block diagram of a digital modem. The following symbols are introduced in the figures:

1 _i - i-th element of the antenna-feeder device (AFD);

2 _i - i-th diagram-forming scheme;

3 _i - i-th transceiver;

4 - digital modem;

5 - control unit;

6 - remote adjustment device;

7 - electronic compass;

8 - error probability meter;

9 - automated workstation (AWS);

10 - noise-resistant encoder;

11 - signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit;

12 - computer;

13 - local area network (LAN);

14 - diagram for determining the direction of arrival of a radio signal;

15 - phase shifter;

16 - “receive-transmit” switch;

17 - protection circuit;

18 - first bandpass filter;

19 - low-noise high-frequency amplifier;

20 - first mixer;

21 - first synthesizer;

22 - low pass filter;

23 - analog-to-digital converter (ADC);

24 - demodulator;

25 - noise-resistant decoder;

26 - message decoder with orthogonal signals;

27 - first generator of source orthogonal codes;

28 - message generation unit with m outputs 29 of the device;

31 - message processing unit with m device inputs 30;

32 - message encoder with orthogonal signals with m inputs;

33 - second generator of source orthogonal codes;

34 - modulator;

35 - second mixer;

36 - second synthesizer;

37 - second bandpass filter;

38 - power amplifier;

39 - third bandpass filter;

40 - input/output of the device for loading initial data (orthogonal codes, external control of the computer, programs for the operation of generators, addresses of correspondents, a list of operating frequencies for transmission and reception, etc.).

The antenna-feeder device is made in the form of n elements 1, for example, consisting of half-wave vibrators of the designated frequency range, built on a carrier using conformal antenna technology [7]. Each of the n elements 1 is connected to a sequential chain of nodes, consisting of a corresponding diagram-forming circuit 2 and a corresponding transceiver 3, connected to the corresponding high-frequency input and high-frequency output of the digital modem 4. The digital modem 4 is connected by two-way connections to the automated workstation 9 (if there is an operator) , a circuit for determining the direction of arrival of a radio signal 14, a remote adjustment device 6, an electronic compass 7, a control unit 5 and a local computer network.

Digital modem 4 consists of a calculator 12, an error probability meter 8 and two chains of nodes, the first of which consists of a series-connected analog-to-digital converter 23, a demodulator 24, a noise-resistant decoder 25, a message decoder with orthogonal signals 26 and a message generation unit 28 with m outputs device 29, while the output of the analog-to-digital converter 23 is also connected to the input of the signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit 11, and the corresponding input of the message decoder with orthogonal signals 26 is connected to the corresponding output of the first generator of source orthogonal codes 27. The second chain of nodes consists of a series-connected block processing messages 31 with m inputs 30 of the device, a message encoder with orthogonal signals 32 with m inputs, a noise-resistant encoder 10 and a modulator 34, while the (m+1)-th input of the message encoder with orthogonal signals 32 with m inputs is connected to the output of the second generator of the original orthogonal codes 33. Inputs/outputs of analog-to-digital converter 23, signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit 11, demodulator 24, noise-resistant decoder 25, message decoder with orthogonal signals 26, first generator of initial orthogonal codes 27, message processing unit 31 with m device inputs 30, a message encoder for orthogonal signals 32 with m inputs, a noise-resistant encoder 10, a modulator 34, a second generator of initial orthogonal codes 33, a computer 12 and an error probability meter 8 are connected via a local area network 13 to the control unit 5. The second input/output of the computer 12 is connected to the circuit determining the direction of arrival of the radio signal 14, and the third input/output of the computer is the input/output for loading the initial data 40.

Each repeater transceiver consists of two chains of nodes, the first of which contains a series-connected first bandpass filter 18, a low-noise high-frequency amplifier 19, a first mixer 20 and a low-pass filter 22 connected to the input of the analog-to-digital converter 23, with the input of the first bandpass filter 18 is connected to the output of the protection circuit 17, the corresponding input of the first mixer 20 is connected to the first output of the first synthesizer 21, the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the demodulator 24. The second chain contains a second mixer 35, a second bandpass filter 37, a power amplifier 38 and a third connected in series bandpass filter 39 connected to the high-frequency input of the transmit-receive switch 16, while the input of the second mixer 35 is connected to the output of the modulator 34, and the corresponding input of the second mixer 35 is connected to the first output of the second synthesizer 36, the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the modulator 34. The corresponding inputs/outputs of the low-noise high-frequency amplifier 19, the first mixer 20, the first synthesizer 21, the second mixer 35, the power amplifier 38 and the second synthesizer 36 are connected via a local area network 13 to the control unit 5.

Each diagram-forming circuit 2 consists of a series-connected phase shifter 15, a “receive-transmit” switch 16, a protection circuit 17, and the control and monitoring inputs/outputs of the phase shifter 15 and the “receive-transmit” switch 16 through a local area network 13 and a control unit 5 connected to the computer 12, the high-frequency input/output of the phase shifter 15 is connected to the corresponding element 1 of the AFU, the high-frequency input of the transmit-receive switch 16 is connected to the output of the third band-pass filter 39, the high-frequency output of the protection circuit 17 is connected to the input of the first band-pass filter 18.

The repeater works as follows. It provides reception, processing and transmission of radio signals and m discrete signals from external 12 systems interfaced with the computer between N mobile and stationary correspondents. The number N is determined by the number of azimuthal sectors of stable communication resolved by the AFU elements (in which the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than permissible) under direct (optical) visibility conditions. For example, to simultaneously service four correspondents, the number n of elements 1 must be greater than eight.

Before the communication session, initial data is entered via the input/output 40 of the device (orthogonal codes, programs for the operation of generators, addresses of correspondents, a list of operating frequencies for transmission and reception, etc., and other programs) and external control of the operation of the computer is carried out. During the initial startup of the device, the hardware is tested. To do this, a test message from the computer 12 through nodes 31-39 of the transmitting part, including through the power amplifier 38 operating in reduced power mode, the “receive-transmit” switch 16, radio signals of one carrier frequency are sent to the protection circuit 17 of the receiving part of the device , and through nodes 18-28 the signals are sent via LAN 13 to computer 12 to assess serviceability. If the assessment is positive, the device is ready for use.

When transmitting messages from external systems interfaced with the repeater, in node 31 they are reduced to a single format, compressed in the message encoder 32 with orthogonal signals (each bit of the message is assigned a specific orthogonal code from the output of the first generator 33 of the original orthogonal codes) depending on the categories urgency accepted in the radio communication system in which the device operates. The combined signal is broadcast through a serial chain consisting of nodes 10, 34, 35, 37 and 15. In the noise-resistant encoder 10, messages are converted into a noise-resistant code. Implementation options for encoder 10 and decoder 25 are known and are given, for example, in [5] and [10]. Next, the signal is received and modulated, for example, in the phase modulator 34. The modulating input of node 34 is supplied with a signal from the second output of the second synthesizer 36. The construction of phase modulators is known, for example, according to the relative phase modulator circuit described in [11]. Then the video signals are converted into radio carrier frequency signals in the second mixer 35, to the modulating input of which a carrier frequency signal is supplied from the first output of the second synthesizer 36, controlled from the computer 12 through the control unit 5 and LAN 13, filtered from out-of-band spectral components in the second bandpass filter 37, in the amplifier 38, the power level is brought to the value necessary to ensure reliable transmission of information; spurious emissions are eliminated by the third bandpass filter 39.

The generated radio signal is emitted in a circular azimuth when all n elements 1 of the AFU are working or in a sector selected by the computer 12 using several nodes 1, 2, and 3. Having passed the “reception-transmission” switch 16, the phase shifter 15, controlled by the computer 12 through the control unit 5 and LAN 13, transceiver n elements 1 of the AFU, radio signals are emitted into space.

The input received radio signals, having passed through the elements 1 of the transceiver AFU and the corresponding phase shifters 15, the “receive-transmit” switches 16, the protection circuit 17, in which the functions of limiting the power level of received radio signals and static discharges are performed, in the beamforming circuit 2 are transmitted through a serial chain consisting of nodes: protection circuit 17, including, for example, a power limiter on pin diodes and protection against electrostatic discharges, for example, using the assembly of high-speed zener diodes of the first bandpass filter 18, where procedures for selecting a frequency section of the selected range are performed, low-noise high-frequency amplifier 19, where radio signals are amplified, the first mixer 20, to the high-frequency input of which a carrier frequency signal is supplied from the first synthesizer 21, controlled from the computer 12 through the control unit 5 and LAN 13, low-pass filter 22, where high-frequency components of the spectrum of video signals are eliminated, analog-to-digital converter 23, where they are quantized in amplitude into the required number of levels and sampled in time depending on the information transmission rate (bit duration), demodulator 24 with the allocation of a clock frequency for decoding procedures, noise-resistant decoder 25, message decoder 26 with orthogonal signals with m outputs, generation unit 28 messages with m outputs 29.

In addition, radio signals from the ADC 23 through the LAN 13, the computer 12 and the control unit 5 are fed to a controlled attenuator, for example, built into a low-noise amplifier 19, which implements, using the computer 12, the analog-to-digital automatic gain control procedure necessary to maintain the signal amplitude at its best sampling zone at ADC level 23, which provides the required number of quantization bits to maximize the dynamic range. Feedback during automatic gain control is implemented, for example, by measuring the average signal level at the output of the ADC 23 and setting the computer 12 to attenuate the above-mentioned attenuator. The adjustment makes it possible to communicate at close distances between the repeater and correspondents (power adaptation mode). The information taken from the output of the ADC 23 is also used in block 11 for measuring the signal-to-noise ratio using computer 12 (via LAN 13 and control block 5). Block 11 is necessary for selecting the probabilistically optimal frequency at the current moment in time while monitoring the radio broadcast and issuing information about it to correspondents and external interfaced systems.

The implementation of demodulator 24 is known and presented in [12].

In the noise-resistant decoder 25, the combined signals are freed from the redundant information entered in the noise-resistant encoder 10 (the correspondent working in the communication session), and in the decoder 26, messages using the original orthogonal signals from the output of the first generator 27 are separated in accordance with the input format received at the input of the correspondent , working at the current moment in time in a communication session. In block 28, the message generation signals restore their form depending on the requirements of the external information recipient, which are preset at the input/output 40 of the computer 12.

For example, thermostated generators of the computer 12, synchronized using the time stamps of the receiver of signals from global navigation satellite systems, can be used as synchronization nodes of the repeater. The receiver of signals from global navigation satellite systems can form the basis of an electronic compass 7, which, together with the remote adjustment device 6 and with the help of a computer 12, ensures the location of the repeater and the correspondents it needs to direct the main beam of the AFU radiation pattern along the required azimuth.

From the output of the encoder 32, messages arrive at the input of the noise-tolerant encoder 10, are converted into an information sequence of pulses with additional code redundancy, and from the output of the noise-tolerant encoder 10, messages consisting of the structural-address part and compressed information are received to the information input of the phase modulator 34, at the output of which are formed relative phase modulation (RPM) signals.

Synthesizers 21 and 36 generate a filtered reference oscillation of the operating frequency of transmission ƒ _p1i and reception ƒ _p1j with the possibility of changing them, for example, according to a pseudo-random law, set programmatically by computer 12 from a set of n frequencies allocated for communication, with a tuning speed that can be changed according to program embedded in the computer 12 via input/output 40 or a command from external mating systems (one of the inputs 30).

Control of operating modes and monitoring of the corresponding electronic components of the device by the computer 12 is carried out through control unit 5 and LAN 13, which can be implemented via the Ethernet protocol or another [13, 14]. In addition, the computer 12 performs the following procedures:

- automatic (without operator participation) determination from the information of circuit 14 of the direction of arrival of the radio signal, construction of a virtual curve based on the results of simultaneous measurement of the amplitudes of useful signals in the corresponding elements 1 of the AFU in circuit 14, determination of the position of its maximum and automatic direction of the AFU beam in the direction of the source of the useful radio signal , using control circuits with corresponding phase shifters 15 (spatial diversity method). When determining the interference signal from the composition of the received signal, computer 12 generates commands that, acting through control unit 5 and LAN 13 on the corresponding phase shifters 15, create a minimum in the directional pattern of the AFU, increasing the noise immunity of the repeater [10, 15];

- analysis in the process of monitoring the quality of the communication channel based on the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the ADC 23;

- monitoring the radio frequency spectrum at given frequencies in the absence of a communication session to find the probabilistically optimal frequency at a given time;

- formation of a clock sequence of pulses. The algorithm for generating a clock sequence of pulses is known and presented, for example, in [16];

- generation of a message (command to the called correspondent) to increase the speed of frequency tuning with a decrease in the signal-to-noise ratio and its delay for the time of transmission of the message to the subscriber, the processing time of this message and the time of equipment switching;

- when a tendency to decrease the signal-to-noise ratio is detected, it prepares and transmits to the subscriber who is in communication the nominal value of the new probabilistically optimal frequency at a given time and, after receiving confirmation from the subscriber, switches the corresponding nodes to operate at the new frequency;

- monitoring the traveling wave coefficient at the output of the “receive-transmit” switch 16 to assess the condition of the antenna;

- control of the operation of radio-electronic units of the repeater through control unit 5 and LAN 13;

- calculation of one’s own coordinates with reference to a single measurement time and the relative azimuth of the correspondent;

- control of the operation of the error probability meter 8 on the interval, for continuous assessment of the parameters of the communication channel;

- generation and transmission of service information (telemetry), including pilot signals together with useful information;

- formation of synchronization sequences synchronous with a single (universal) time for the corresponding radio-electronic components of the device.

To ensure stable communication in the repeater, the following AFU operating modes are used:

- all around in azimuth;

- sector noise-protected mode for one correspondent;

- multi-sector mode for working with several correspondents simultaneously;

- tracking mode, when the beam of the AFU directional pattern accompanies the spatial position of an individual correspondent according to his coordinates, known, for example, from information received from him and stored in the memory of the computer 12, or calculated by the computer 12 using the extrapolation procedure [17] from his past location and movement parameters.

When using a repeater in the automatic version, AWP 9, on the screen of which transmitted, received and control information is displayed, may be missing.

To increase the number of serviced correspondents, in addition to using the spatial diversity method [18], a technology can be used to increase the number of relayed channels consisting of nodes similar to the nodes discussed above: 1-12, 14-28, 31-39, LAN 13.

The device allows:

- increase the number of simultaneously served correspondents;

- automatically in real time, during the absence of communication sessions, select probabilistically optimal frequencies at a given time by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio at the ADC output by computer 12 when monitoring the radio frequency spectrum for interference and send messages about them to called correspondents, which ensures range and connection stability.

The algorithms and technical solutions used in the device are presented in the following sources of information:

- the implementation of phase detectors is known and presented in [8];

- frequency synthesizers 21 and 36 are used to generate a carrier oscillation at each regular operating frequency. An implementation option for a frequency synthesizer is known and presented, for example, in [10], p. 214, Fig. 7.7(a);

- as an algorithm for monitoring and analyzing the quality of a communication channel, for example, you can take the algorithm used in the R-163-AR equipment [19];

- power amplifier 15 is designed to amplify the level of the generated radio signal. The block diagram of the power amplifier is shown, for example, in [20] p. 96, fig. 4.3.

The nodes included in the device can be implemented in software, on serial ICs or FPGAs XC7K410T-761 with control of software modules included in the computer 12, which can be implemented, for example, on a processor board 5066-586-133MHz-1 MB, 2 MB Flash CPU Card from Octagon Systems, and the remaining nodes are based on serial radio elements.

External systems can be, for example, repeater carrier motors, various sensors and other components.

The device can be used as a component of multi-channel radio communication systems.

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Claims (4)

A repeater containing an antenna-feeder device, transceivers, a digital modem connected to a transceiver, a control unit, an automated workstation (AWS) and connected to a remote adjustment device with an electronic compass designed to align the antennas in azimuth and transmit the azimuth value to the digital modem electronic compass, the digital modem has a built-in error probability meter and regulation of the output power of the transceivers, the digital modem is designed with the ability to receive azimuth values and transmit signals of deviation of the antenna position from the alignment line to the control unit, as well as with the ability to evaluate the parameters of the communication channel based on the signal/interference ratio pilot signals and information parameters of the received signal, in the receiving path the digital modem contains a block for estimating the signal-to-noise ratio, an noise-resistant decoder and a computer, characterized in that the antenna-feeder device is made in the form of a conformal phased antenna array of n elements, consisting of half-wave vibrators of the designated frequency range, each of which is connected through the corresponding serially connected i-th beamforming circuit and the i-th transceiver connected to the corresponding high-frequency input and high-frequency output of the digital modem, the digital modem is connected by two-way connections to the control unit, a remote adjustment device with an electronic compass, with a circuit for determining the direction of arrival of a radio signal, while the digital modem has m inputs and m outputs of external mating carrier systems and an input/output of a device for loading initial data, the control unit is connected via a local area network to the control and monitoring inputs/outputs of n diagramming circuits and n transceivers , Each diagram-forming circuit consists of a series-connected phase shifter, a transmit-receive switch, and a protection circuit, while the control and monitoring inputs/outputs of the phase shifter and the transmit-receive switch are connected via a local area network and a control unit to the computer, high-frequency input/output the phase shifter is connected to the corresponding element of the AFU, the high-frequency input of the “receive-transmit” switch is connected to the output of the third band-pass filter, the high-frequency output of the protection circuit is connected to the input of the first band-pass filter, each transceiver consists of two chains of nodes, the first of which contains a first bandpass filter, a low-noise high-frequency amplifier, a first mixer and a low-pass filter connected in series, connected to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, while the corresponding input of the first mixer is connected to the first output of the first synthesizer , the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the demodulator, the second chain contains a series-connected second mixer, a second band-pass filter, a power amplifier and a third band-pass filter connected to the high-frequency input of the transmit-receive switch, while the input of the second mixer is connected to the output of the modulator, the corresponding input of the second mixer is connected to the first output of the second synthesizer, the second output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the modulator, and the corresponding inputs/outputs of the low-noise high-frequency amplifier, the first mixer, the first synthesizer, the second mixer, the power amplifier and the second synthesizer are connected via a local area network to control unit, The digital modem additionally includes two chains of nodes, the first of which consists of a serially connected analog-to-digital converter, demodulator, noise-resistant decoder, message decoder with orthogonal signals and a message generation unit with m device outputs, while the output of the analog-to-digital converter is also connected to the input block for measuring the signal-to-noise ratio, the corresponding input of the message decoder with orthogonal signals is connected to the output of the first generator of initial orthogonal codes, the second chain consists of a series-connected message processing unit with m inputs of the device, a message encoder with orthogonal signals with m inputs, a noise-resistant encoder and a modulator, with In this case, the (m+1)th input of the message encoder with orthogonal signals with m inputs is connected to the output of the second generator of the original orthogonal codes, and the inputs/outputs of the analog-to-digital converter, signal-to-noise ratio measurement unit, demodulator, noise-resistant decoder, message decoder with orthogonal signals , the first generator of initial orthogonal codes, a message processing unit with m inputs of the device, a message encoder of orthogonal signals with m inputs, an error-resistant encoder, a modulator, a second generator of initial orthogonal codes, a calculator and an error probability meter are connected via a local area network to the control unit, the second input /output of the computer is connected to a circuit for determining the direction of arrival of the radio signal, and the third input/output of the computer is an input/output for loading source data.

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