RU2801719C1 - Runner's legs synchronization device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to training devices and methods for training athletes running. The effect is achieved due to the fact that the device for synchronizing the movement of the runner's legs contains a belt and hip rings, the belt has two diametrically located blocks and elements connecting the belt to the hip rings, according to the invention, the elements connecting the belt to the hip rings are made in form of rigid levers, pivotally mounted with their upper ends to the belt in the region of the hip joints on the sides of the body of the runner's body and rigidly mounted with their lower ends to the hip rings worn on the lower third of the runner's thighs with the possibility of turning the levers along the hinge along with the forward movement and lifting of the thigh of the switch leg and the deviation of the jump leg back, with the possibility of synchronous movement of the switch and jump legs of the runner and optimization of the frequency and amplitude of the synchronous movement of the legs, the levers are connected to each other through diametrically mounted blocks rotated on the belt by a spring rod, with the possibility of synchronizing the rotation of the levers along the hinges and transferring force from the switch leg when lifting the thigh to the jump leg to deflect the jump leg back and forth.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of synchronizing the frequency and amplitude of movements of the runner's switch and jump legs to improve the running technique, increase the speed and endurance of the runner and the effectiveness of training.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of sports, namely to training devices and methods for training athletes running 12, A63B 22/20, A63B 23/00, A63B 23/02, A63B 23/04, A63B 69/0028, B62B 5/068].

Known from the prior art is a DEVICE FOR TRAINING RUNNERS [RU 2046616 C1, published: 10/27/1995], containing a belt with straps fixed on its sides, pivotally connected at the level of the hip joint with thigh plates, each carrying belts for attaching it to the thigh, a guide with springs at the ends and a cable, characterized in that it is equipped with two plates, each having straps for its fastening on the outer side of the lower leg and a guide with springs at its ends, and has a load device with a flexible rod, carrying at the end a C-shaped bracket with blocks installed on its inner side, covered by a cord with rollers at its ends, while the guide plates are installed with the possibility of changing the angle of their inclination to the longitudinal axis of the plates and have sliding elements placed between the springs, and one of the bracket blocks is installed with the ability to move in the direction geometric center, and the sliding elements of the thigh and calf plates are interconnected by cables of the thigh plates, and the cables go around the cord rollers corresponding to them.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the possibility of training an athlete to run only on the spot, as the device requires a cord to be connected to the supporting surface due to the peculiarity of its design. In addition, the device synchronizes only the hip ejection and the shin sweep and does not allow the athlete's legs to be synchronized while running, which makes it ineffective.

Also known is a DEVICE FOR TRAINING RUNNERS [SU 1674869 A1, published: 09/07/1991], containing weights and a means for attaching it to the outside of the thigh, including belts, characterized in that. that, in order to increase the effectiveness of training, the means for attaching weights includes two plates hinged at the level of the hip joint, one of which is rigidly connected to the belt, and the other carries a C-shaped guide and a roller aligned with the hinge axis of the plates, while the weight is installed freely on the guide, spring-loaded on both sides with adjustable springs of different stiffness and carries a cord with a belt for attaching to the shin at the ankle.

The disadvantage of the analogue is its low efficiency in training the correct synchronous movement of the athlete's legs, since there is no synchronous connection between the athlete's legs. This device can only train the hip acceleration ability and braking ability.

The closest in technical essence is the SIMULATOR FOR RUNNERS [SU 1743621 A1, published: 06/30/1992], containing two guides with springs and means for attaching the guides to the thigh, including hip belts and a belt, cords with sliding elements placed in the guides with the possibility longitudinal movement, and straps for fastening the free ends of the cords, characterized in that. in order to increase the efficiency of training, the belt has two diametrically located rollers, four elastic elements for connecting the belt with the hip belts and two additional cords, and each of the cords goes around the front roller and is connected to one of the elastic elements, while the additional cords go around the rear roller and each of them is connected to one of the free elastic elements and has a strap for attaching them to the ankle.

The main technical problem of the prototype is the low reliability and inconvenience of use due to the design of the device, in which the traction elements are cords mounted between the front and back of the belt through the sliding and guiding elements and the belt and ankles. In addition, such a device is difficult to adjust and has low efficiency, as it “releases” the force of one leg to the other in the leg movement trajectory section, and thus the athlete’s connection with the correct leg movement is lost, which can lead to new errors in leg movement.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of analogs and prototype.

The technical result of the invention is to provide the possibility of synchronizing the frequency and amplitude of movements of the swing and push legs of the runner to improve the running technique, increase the speed and endurance of the runner and the effectiveness of training.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device for synchronizing the movement of the runner's legs, containing the belt and hip rings, the belt has two diametrically located blocks and elements connecting the belt with the hip rings, characterized in that the elements connecting the belt with the hip rings are made in the form of rigid levers, pivotally mounted with their upper ends to the belt in the area of the hip joints on the sides of the body of the runner's body and fixedly mounted with their lower ends to the thigh rings worn on the lower third of the runner's thighs with the possibility of turning the levers along the hinge along with forward movement and hip lifting of the swing leg and backward deviation of the push leg, while with the possibility of synchronous movement of the swing and push legs of the runner and optimization of the frequency and amplitude of the synchronous movement of the legs, the levers are connected to each other through diametrically mounted blocks rotated on the belt by a spring rod, with the possibility of synchronizing the rotation of the levers along the hinges and transfer of force from the fly leg when lifting the hip to the push leg to deflect the push leg back and forth.

In particular, the levers can be made adjustable in length.

In particular, the rings can be made in the form of flexible belts, plastic or metal hoops.

In particular, the rings can be made closed and openable.

In particular, the ends of the opening rings are provided with fasteners.

In particular, the upper end of the lever can be made in the form of a block fixed relative to the lever, the groove of which is oriented along the plane of the lever, parallel to the surface of the thigh.

In particular, the rod contains two sections of the cable, mounted at one end to the spring, and the other to the levers with the possibility of placing them on the blocks.

In particular, the levers are mounted on inserts mounted on the belt down.

Brief description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device for synchronizing the movement of the legs of the runner with the levers lowered down.

Figure 2 shows an athlete wearing a device for synchronizing the movement of the legs.

Figure 3 shows the graphs of the relationship of the angular movements of the athlete's hips.

The figures indicate: 1 - levers, 2 - rings, 3 - blocks of levers, 4 - belt, 5 - belt blocks, 6 - thrust spring, 7 - thrust cables, 8 - inserts.

Implementation of the invention.

The essence of the invention lies in the optimization of the parameters of the running step based on the use by the runner of the synchronizing movement of the legs of the device and the information received from the synchronizing device about the structure of the movements of the legs.

The device for synchronizing the movement of the runner's legs contains a pair of levers 1 diametrically located relative to the body of the runner on its sides (see Figure 1), made of a solid material, such as metal. The levers 1 are predominantly flat. The levers 1 are made long, equal to the distance from the hip joint to the lower third of the runner's thigh. In one embodiment, said arms 1 can be made adjustable in length, for example, telescopic or composite. The levers 1 contain lower and upper ends.

The lower end of each of the levers 1 is fixedly mounted to the hip ring 2, orthogonally spaced from the lever 1, while the plane of the ring 2 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the lever 1. The rings 2 can be made in the form of flexible belts, hoops made of plastic or metal, covering the lower third of the athlete's thigh. Rings 2 can be made closed and open. In the case of making the rings 2 openable, their ends are equipped with fasteners, for example, belt buckles, fastex, etc.

Each of the levers 1 with their blocks of levers 3 are pivotally mounted on a flexible belt 4, covering the athlete's waist with the possibility of deflecting the levers 1 along the hinge together with the athlete's hips. Said belt 4 is made adjustable in length, for which a belt buckle, fastex fasteners, rings, etc. can be provided. to connect them to each other.

In one embodiment, the upper end of each of the levers 1 is made in the form of a block of lever 3 that is fixed relative to the lever 1, the groove of which is oriented along the plane of the lever 1, parallel to the surface of the thigh.

Above the lever 1 on the belt 4, one belt block 5 is pivotally mounted with a forward shift so that they can be rotated on the belt.

The levers 1 through the belt blocks 5 are interconnected by a rod made in the form of two rod cables 7, between which the rod spring 6 is mounted.

In the embodiment of the levers 1 with blocks of levers 3, the traction cables 7 are mounted with their ends to the rear parts relative to the body of the athlete of the levers 1, passed along the grooves of the blocks of levers 3 forward under the belt blocks 5, along the grooves of which the mentioned traction cables 7 are brought up and back relative to the body athlete's body and are connected by their second ends to the ends of the thrust spring 6. The lever blocks 3 are provided with the possibility of reducing the sliding friction of the thrust cables 7.

To ensure the rigidity of the structure, the levers 1 directly or with their blocks of levers 3 are mounted on inserts 8 mounted on the belt 4 down.

This design of levers 1 connected to each other by a rod 6 by means of blocks of levers 4 and belt blocks 5 allows you to synchronize the movements of levers 1 (hips, and hence legs) when running and walking, as well as during starting acceleration and finishing braking, the speed of movement of an athlete by transferring efforts with the help of the thrust spring 6 from the fly leg when lifting the hip to the push leg to deviate it back and forth - transfer of force from the push leg when it moves after the push forward to the fly leg to lower it. The operation of the device is based on the transfer of energy from the fly leg to the push leg and vice versa.

The device for synchronizing the movement of the legs of the runner works as follows.

The device for synchronizing the legs of the runner is put on the athlete. In the embodiment of the rings 2 in the form of closed hoops, the athlete first puts each of the legs into each of the said rings 2, so that the belt fastener 4 is in front. Then the athlete lifts the device along the legs, covers the waist with belt 4 and fastens the belt in front of the waist. It is also possible to implement the belt 4 initially closed and adjustable in length, so that it can be put on by lifting the device by the belt 4 along the athlete's legs and pelvis, placing it on the waist and adjusting the belt 4 along the length to tightly wrap around the athlete's waist. In the embodiment of the rings 2 open, first the athlete can put the belt 4 on the waist in the ways indicated above, and then covering the hips with the ends of the rings 2, the athlete connects and fastens the rings 2 to fit them around the athlete's hips.

An important condition is that the blocks of levers 3, when the device is worn, should be located opposite the hip joints, the rings 2 should cover the hips in the lower third of the thighs, and the thrust spring 6 should be located along the athlete's lower back (see Fig. 2).

Next, the athlete moves on to running training.

When running, when the first leg moves forward, for example, the right one, which at this moment is the flywheel, and lifting the hip of this leg up, along with the hip lift, the lever 1 is rotated, fixed by the ring 2 on the right leg. The lever 1 rotates relative to the lever block 3. Together with the rotation of the lever 1 and, accordingly, the lever block 3, the traction cable 7 slides along with the rotation of the lever block 3 and the lumbar block 5 and tensions the traction spring 6. The final length of the traction spring 6 is calculated based on the correct position of the legs and athlete's body while running (step length, hip height, body position). Due to the fact that the athlete's legs are interconnected by means of traction, at the moment of maximum tension of the thrust spring 6, the second leg of the athlete, which is in the position lowered to the floor, "receives a signal" to start moving from the first raised leg of the athlete, which is at this moment in the maximum elevated position, necessary for proper running technique. With the “signal received”, the second leg of the athlete “strives” to reduce the force created on it by the thrust, taking into account that the thigh of the first leg is in the maximum position to perform the correct run, the push leg is deflected back as correctly as possible and makes a push to repel and accelerate runner, while the length of the step at this moment is also the maximum for making the correct run. After the runner is repulsed by the jogging leg while running, the thigh of this leg begins to move forward and thereby transfers the force through the traction to the swing leg that was up to this point in order to move it back and lower the thigh of this leg, the former push leg becomes the fly leg, it moves forward, the leg bends at the knee and the hip rises. Now there is a turn of the lever 1 relative to the block of the lever 3 of the second leg up, and the lever 1 of the first leg turns down. Together with the rotation of the levers 1, the traction cables 7 slide along with the rotation of the lever blocks 3 and the lumbar blocks 5. Due to the synchronous movement of the levers 1, the tension of the traction spring 6 is maintained, which is a constant information signal for the athlete that the mutual movement of his legs and hips is correct .

In figure 3, the dotted line shows a graph of the relationship of the angular displacements of the hips of a runner who has a typical error when performing an early swing, which creates unfavorable conditions for the interaction of the legs with the support. The graph shows (section 1-2) that the depreciation phase passes with a decrease in the magnitude of the angular displacement of the thigh of the jogging leg, which cannot but affect the increase in the time of the "braking" section of the horizontal component of the support force. In this case, the magnitude of the angular displacement of the thigh of the fly leg reaches large values long before the end of the depreciation, thereby creating additional overloads in the first half of the support. Analyzing a graph that clearly shows the presence of typical mistakes in an athlete, such as holding the leg after repulsion and incorrectly folding it (dash-dot line) (with “overlapping” of the lower leg “up-back”, which increases the time the leg is at the rear extreme point). On the graph, this is reflected by the shape of the 4-5-6 curve segment, when, after repulsion, the thigh does not move relative to the body for a certain time. At the same time, the athlete begins to actively lower the other leg onto the support, which leads to a mismatch of leg movements and affects the running efficiency. The consequence of these typical errors is a low frequency of running movements, since in both cases described the cycle time increases. The formation of the correct structure of leg movements that changes the real graph (in the form of a “figure eight”) towards the model graph (“hyperbola” shape) (solid line) is possible using the claimed device by synchronizing the movement of the hips (legs) when running, walking, during starting acceleration and final deceleration of the speed of the athlete's movement by creating an effort with the help of levers 1, interconnected by a spring rod 6, transferring energy from the swing leg to the push leg and back when lifting one leg to deflect the second leg back.

The test of the device for synchronizing the movement of the runner's legs was carried out by ten volunteers from among the first-year students of the Faculty of Physical Education. After five sessions, the volunteers were able to completely change the shape of the graph, getting rid of individual errors in the structure of the running step. The task performed by volunteers with a device for synchronizing the movements of the runner’s legs, aimed at changing (“flattening the figure eight”), the characteristic real features of the relationship of the angular movements of the hips during running (approaching the model of a more qualified runner), led to an increase in the rate of movements by 4.1% (p< 0.01) with a decrease in the length of running steps by 3.2% (p<0.05) and an improvement in the coefficient of rhythmic activity by 2.8% (p<0.05), as well as a decrease in the values of intracycle fluctuations in running speed by 3.9% (p<0.01). The formation of running technique with increased frequency occurs by correcting errors in the structure of leg movements, which indicates a high efficiency of the device, since the intensification of running is associated with rational restructuring of the integral movement.

EFFECT: providing the possibility of synchronizing the frequency and amplitude of movements of the runner's swing and jog legs to improve the running technique, increase the speed and endurance of the runner and the effectiveness of training is achieved by connecting the runner's hips by levers 1 fixed on his hips from the outside, connected to each other along of the runner's lower back with a spring rod, which ensures the transfer of force from the swing leg of the jogging leg and back when running and the elimination of individual errors in the structure of the running step and changes in the leg movement schedule.

Claims (8)

1. A device for synchronizing the movement of the runner's legs, containing a belt and hip rings, the belt has two diametrically located blocks and elements connecting the belt to the hip rings, characterized in that the elements connecting the belt to the hip rings are made in the form of rigid levers, pivotally mounted with their upper ends to the belt in the region of the hip joints on the sides of the body of the runner's body and fixedly mounted with their lower ends to the hip rings worn on the lower third of the runner's thighs with the possibility of turning the levers along the hinge along with the movement forward and lifting the thigh of the fly leg and the deflection of the push leg back , while with the possibility of synchronous movement of the swing and push legs of the runner and optimization of the frequency and amplitude of the synchronous movement of the legs, the levers are connected to each other through diametrically mounted blocks rotated on the belt by a spring rod, with the possibility of synchronizing the rotation of the levers along the hinges and transferring force from the swing leg when lifting the hip on the push leg to deflect the push leg back and forth. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the levers can be made adjustable in length. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rings can be made in the form of flexible belts, plastic or metal hoops. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rings can be made closed and open. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the ends of the opening rings are provided with fasteners. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the lever can be made in the form of a block fixed relative to the lever, the groove of which is oriented along the plane of the lever, parallel to the surface of the thigh. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod contains two sections of the cable, mounted at one end to the spring, and the other to the levers with the possibility of placing them on the blocks. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the levers are mounted on inserts mounted on the belt down.