RU2793639C1 - Complex production line for woodworking and producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree, production line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the woodworking industry and production of products containing biologically active substances. The complex production line includes a woodworking line and a line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree, wherein the two lines are combined so that the woodworking line includes at least one drying chamber for lumber, acting simultaneously as a saturation chamber of the production line for producing an aqueous extract from the stem of a tree.

EFFECT: more complete and comprehensive use of wood raw materials is provided, emission of polluting substances is eliminated, and production of an aqueous extract including a wide range of natural biologically active substances, from the stem of a tree, is provided, wherein the composition of biologically active substances in the resulting aqueous extract is sufficiently stable.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the woodworking industry and the production of products containing biologically active substances.

The group of inventions includes a complex production line for processing wood and obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, production lines for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk.

From RU 2717053 C2 a system and method for obtaining moisture from moisture-containing raw materials are known.

The system for obtaining moisture from moisture-containing raw materials includes a sealed chamber, thermal electric heaters installed, for example, inside the sealed chamber, a vacuum pump connected by its outlet to the internal cavity of the sealed chamber, an air cooler, a container for collecting liquid, a temperature sensor installed inside the sealed chamber, a controller, connected by its first input to the output of the reference signal source, by its second and third inputs to the outputs of the temperature sensor.

SUBSTANCE: method for obtaining moisture from moisture-containing raw materials includes placing moisture-containing raw materials inside a sealed chamber, creating a circulating air flow inside the sealed chamber, blowing the surface of moisture-containing raw materials with a circulating air flow, saturating the circulating air flow with moisture vapor from moisture-containing raw materials, cooling the circulating air flow, condensing moisture vapor from the circulating air flow, obtaining a liquid from a moisture-containing raw material, wherein the moisture-containing raw material is heated to a predetermined temperature, the temperature is maintained using a temperature sensor, the moisture-containing raw material is blown at this temperature with a circulating air flow inside the sealed chamber.

The liquid obtained in this method, carried out using this system, is unstable, has a short shelf life without the use of a preservative, can be affected by fungi, and can have an increased yeast content.

From RU 2206840 C2, a method for chamber drying of moisture-containing materials is known, including condensation of moisture evaporated from lumber, produced by partial selection of a wet drying agent from the chamber by a compressor and feeding it into a heater with an increase in pressure in it above saturation pressure and heating the heater as a result of condensation.

US 8881425 B2 discloses a system and method for drying wood products in one or more ovens. The fuel is burned in one or more combustion devices, resulting in a heated fluid and flue gas. The heated fluid circulates to provide the primary heat source for one or more furnaces. Part of the flue gases is transferred to provide a secondary heat source to one or more furnaces.

The technical problem in relation to the woodworking industry is the inefficient and incomplete use of forest resources. Another technical problem is the difficulties of the technological process and the high cost of obtaining products containing biologically active substances of natural origin, the instability of biologically active substances.

A group of inventions is proposed, including a complex production line for processing wood and obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, variants of production lines for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, which can be used as part of a complex production line.

A complete production line is proposed, including a woodworking line and a line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, and the two lines are combined so that the woodworking line includes at least one drying chamber for lumber, which simultaneously functions as a saturation chamber for a production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from tree trunk.

In this complex production line, the variants of the production line described below (in accordance with claims 2, 3 of the claims of the group of inventions) for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk can be used. It should be noted that the group of inventions is not limited to these two options. To create a complex production line in accordance with claim 1 of the claims of the group of inventions, other variants of production lines can also be applied, a necessary condition for creating an integrated production line is the equipment of a drying chamber for a woodworking line in such a way that it performs the functions of a saturation chamber for a production line to obtain water extracts from a tree trunk.

A variant of the production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk includes at least one drying chamber, which acts as a saturation chamber, to which a pipeline for the intake of moist air and a pipeline for the return of dry air are connected, the pipeline for the intake of moist air is connected to a high-pressure fan, the outlet of the high pressure fan is connected to the inlet of the particulate cyclone, the outlet of the particulate cyclone is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cyclone condensate separator, the outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the cold the heat exchanger inlet, the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the dry air return pipeline, the free outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the primary condensate tank, and the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ice water generator.

Another version of the production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk includes at least one drying chamber that acts as a saturation chamber, the line also includes lumber, drying chamber fans, false ceiling, expanding air intake, return pipe, cold heat exchanger, refrigeration equipment, and cold heat exchanger pipes connected to refrigeration equipment with the possibility of supplying refrigerant through them, hot heat exchanger, drying and condensing chamber fan, solids collection tray, primary tank, air temperature and humidity sensor, wood moisture sensor, water extract level sensor, protective mesh, air heater, automatic control system for condensation drying, air curtains, particulate filter.

In a particular case, the line also includes air curtains installed to prevent overheating of the refrigeration equipment. The presence of safety shutters allows you to reduce the risk of deviations from the prescribed temperature regime, increase the service life of the equipment.

The proposed integrated production line (described in claim 1 of the claims of the group of inventions) allows obtaining a product in the form of an aqueous extract from a tree trunk in various ways, using production lines of a different composition. A necessary condition for the creation of a complex production line is the equipment of the drying chamber of the woodworking line in such a way that it performs the functions of a saturation chamber, depending on the composition of the production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, some actions of the method for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk may change.

The technical result is the combination in one production of two lines that provide two products: wood processing products and products, including an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, containing biologically active substances.

The combination of two production lines into one complex line allows for a more complete and comprehensive use of wood raw materials, which will provide both an economic effect and a positive impact on the environment, and ensure the saving of forest resources. It should be especially noted that the use of an integrated technological line completely eliminates the emissions of pollutants and water vapor from the drying chamber at operating modes, which will reduce the carbon footprint of woodworking enterprises that will use the developed technology.

EFFECT: group of inventions makes it possible to obtain an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, which includes a wide range of biologically active substances of natural origin, and the composition of biologically active substances in the resulting aqueous extract from a pine trunk is quite stable (stable).

The use of products containing an aqueous extract from a tree trunk containing biologically active substances is possible, for example, in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries.

The group of inventions is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the general principle of a production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk.

In FIG. 2-4 show different versions of the production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk. In FIG. 3, 4, in addition to the lateral projection, a top view is also shown.

In the illustrations, the positions show:

1 - drying chamber, which also performs the function of a saturation chamber,

2 - cleaning cyclone,

3 - recuperator,

4 - heat exchanger,

5 - ice water generator,

6 - cyclone condensate separator,

7 - fan (fans),

8 - lumber,

9 - heater,

10 - cold heat exchanger,

11 - refrigeration equipment,

12 - hot heat exchanger,

13 - water extract,

14 - drying and condensation chamber,

15 - pallet for collecting solid particles,

16 - water extract level sensor,

17 - return line,

18 - standard equipment of the drying chamber,

19 - pumping and filtration equipment,

20 - air intake,

21 - primary container,

22 - protective mesh,

23 - automatic drying,

24 - particulate filter,

25 - high pressure fan,

26 - container for finished products,

27 - valves for supply and exhaust ventilation,

28 - false ceiling,

29 - temperature and humidity sensor,

30 - wood moisture sensor,

31 - air intake line,

32 - boiler,

33 - air curtains,

34 - raw lumber,

35 - dry lumber,

36 - dry sawn timber of the required moisture content and quality,

37 - humid air,

38 - dry air,

39 - filtration and preparation.

It should be noted that the production line, including a woodworking line and a line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, may include woodworking lines and lines for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, which are different in composition.

The woodworking line in the claimed group of inventions can be any woodworking line known from the prior art, or created on the basis of rules known from the prior art. The condition that determines the possibility of using a woodworking line as part of the proposed group of inventions is the presence of a drying chamber for lumber.

Below are examples of woodworking lines that can be used in the proposed group of inventions.

1. The woodworking line consists of the following installed in series: a saw frame, chain conveyors designed to sort sawn logs of different sizes, accumulators, debarkers designed to remove bark, chain conveyors intended for transportation from debarkers to drying chambers, drying chambers, chain conveyors , intended for transportation from drying chambers to the packaging device.

2. The woodworking line includes charcoal circular saws, conveyors, debarkers, cant saws, edgers, chain conveyors designed for transportation from debarkers to drying chambers, drying chambers, accumulators, and stacking devices.

As for the line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, it can also have a different composition. As a component of a composite production line, technological lines for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk, shown in paragraphs. 2, 3 of the claims, but production lines of a different layout can also be used.

The advantage of the group of inventions is the ability not to make major changes to the design of the drying chamber (saturation chamber), and the lumber drying process is carried out in the normal mode and requires minimal changes in the control automation settings.

To ensure the receipt of two types of products during the organization of drying, the tightness of the drying chamber is ensured by gluing the seams and installing hermetic door and gate seals, adding to it the function of a saturation chamber, organizing the intake of moist air and returning it back, installing drying and condensation equipment, which can have a different design depending on the type of drying chamber, the installation of a pumping and filtration line, metering devices and containers for collecting finished products.

The method of obtaining an aqueous solution saturated with biologically active substances from a pine trunk consists in placing sawn fragments of a pine trunk in the saturation chamber to increase the recoil area.

Experimentally and by calculation, it was possible to create a technological line operating on the principle of complete recirculation of air as a carrier of saturated steam in a system consisting of several hermetically sealed saturation chambers.

A pine trunk, standardized according to GOST 9463-2016, is sawn into blanks of a given size to increase the evaporation area and stacked in a drying chamber.

The drying process takes place at a temperature of 40 to 65°C with air flows.

Changing the temperature regime and the direction of heated air flow occurs depending on the technological stage, the moisture content of wood and air according to a special program, for the most effective drying of raw materials.

Vapor-saturated air is injected into the dehumidification unit, where it is cleaned of solid suspended particles and undergoes two-level cooling followed by dehumidification in order to select a liquid saturated with individual biologically active components. The product thus obtained is purified.

The resulting aqueous solution is subjected to multi-stage filtration (purification) and pumped into a storage tank.

The advantage of this invention is the ability not to make major changes to the design of the drying chamber (saturation chamber), and the lumber drying process is carried out in the normal mode and requires minimal changes in the control automation settings.

A production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk can be made as follows.

To organize the production of water extract, it is required to install a pipeline for the intake of moist air and a pipeline for the return of dry air in the drying chamber. The humid air intake pipeline is connected to the high pressure fan (25), the fan outlet is connected to the inlet of the particulate cleaning cyclone (2), the outlet of the particulate cleaning cyclone is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger (3), the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger (4), the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cyclone condensate separator (6), the outlet of the cyclone is connected to the cold inlet of the heat exchanger, the dried air is heated through the cold outlet of the heat exchanger and returned through the pipeline (17) back to the drying chamber. The free outlet of the cyclone is connected to the primary condensate tank, and the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ice water generator (5).

The technological process is as follows. The entire cycle of drying and obtaining water extract is carried out in a fully automatic mode.

After turning on the automation, the unit gives a signal to turn on the boiler and the ice water generator. Thermal energy is stored in a heat accumulator and ice in a generator. Depending on the type, power and volume of the battery and the main head, this process may take different times, which is taken into account when setting up control commands. After the end of the accumulation of thermal energy and ice, the coolant begins to flow to the heaters and passes a signal to turn on the fans. The temperature in the drying chamber rises to 65°C. This mode is maintained for an hour. At the end of the mode, a signal is given to open the ventilation valves.

After the valves are closed, the temperature regimes necessary for the implementation of the high-quality drying process are set.

At the same time, a signal is given to turn on the high pressure fans and the ice water generator pump. Steam from the drying chamber (saturation chamber) is supplied to the drying-condensation chamber, and cold water begins to circulate in the cooling circuit of the heat exchanger.

As the desired humidity in the drying chamber (saturation chamber) is reached, the automation sends a signal to open the ventilation valve.

In general, the automation in the drying process operates normally.

As the ice supply in the ice water generator is depleted, which is detected by the temperature sensor, the automation switches off the GLV pump and high-pressure fans, the process of ice accumulation occurs, after which they are turned on.

The technological process ends after the wood reaches a predetermined moisture level.

The steam-air mixture is condensed in the recuperator and heat exchanger. The resulting water extract under the action of high pressure created by the fan, together with the dried air, enters the cyclone, where it is separated from it under the action of centrifugal force and flows into the primary container.

The production line for obtaining an aqueous extract from a tree trunk can be represented differently.

A condensing type drying chamber is used.

The complete production line consists of the following elements: drying chamber (saturation chamber), lumber (8), drying chamber fans (7), false ceiling (28), air intake (20), return pipe (17), cold heat exchanger (10), refrigeration equipment (11), hot heat exchanger (12), drying chamber fan (7), solids collection tray (15), primary tank (21), air temperature and humidity sensor (29), wood moisture sensor (30) , water extract level sensor (16), protective grid (22), heater (9), automatic condensation dryer (23), air curtains (33), particulate filter (24).

The advantage of this scheme is the most efficient collection of water extract, the isolation of the entire system, gentle drying modes with the production of high-quality dry lumber, equipment compactness, and low energy consumption.

To organize the production of a water extract, it is required to make a rectangular opening in the wall opposite the loading gate. An air intake is installed in the opening. In the space of the false ceiling, a circular cutout is organized, in the opening of which a return pipe is installed, connected to the fan.

The principle of operation of the equipment is as follows:

hot moist air is taken from the drying chamber (saturation chamber) through the air intake using a fan,

- then hot moist air passes through the heat exchanger,

- the heat exchanger tubes are connected to the refrigeration equipment and refrigerant is supplied through them,

- passing through the heat exchanger, moist air is cooled, and the steam with which it is saturated condenses on the heat exchanger plates,

- the water extract flows into the sump and through the particulate filter enters the primary container,

- dehumidified and cooled air turns by 90° and, passing through the heat exchanger, heats up again and returns to the drying chamber (saturation chamber) through the return pipe for reuse.

The technological process is as follows. The whole cycle of lumber drying and obtaining water extract is carried out in a fully automatic mode.

After turning on the automation, the unit gives a signal to turn on the boiler connected to the heater and the fans of the drying chamber. The chamber is heated up to 65°C, and this mode is maintained for 1 hour. At the end of the mode, heating of the heaters stops and a signal is given to turn on the fans of the condensation chamber. In case of overheating of the refrigerant at the initial moment of operation, the automation opens the air curtains. In the future, automation maintains the optimal mode for drying lumber, and as the primary tank is filled, it turns on a pump that pumps water extract for further filtration and preparation.

The production cycle ends when the sawn timber reaches the specified moisture level.

The water extract of the tree trunk is obtained by the technology of complex processing of vegetable raw materials. The technology eliminates the use of any extractants and makes it possible to obtain a highly pure natural product for use in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries.

Claims (3)

1. A production line for obtaining a water extract from a tree trunk, including at least one drying chamber, characterized in that the drying chamber functions as a saturation chamber, to which a wet air intake pipeline and a dry air return pipeline, a wet air intake pipeline are connected air is connected to the high pressure fan, the output of the high pressure fan is connected to the inlet of the particulate cleaning cyclone, the outlet of the particulate cleaning cyclone is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot inlet of the heat exchanger, the hot outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the condensate cyclone separator , the outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the cold inlet of the heat exchanger, the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the dry air return pipeline, the free outlet of the cyclone condensate separator is connected to the primary condensate tank, and the cold outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the ice water generator. 2. A production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk, including at least one drying chamber, characterized in that the drying chamber functions as a saturation chamber, the line also includes drying chamber fans, a false ceiling, an air intake with an expanding cross section, a return pipe, a cold heat exchanger , refrigeration equipment, wherein the cold heat exchanger tubes are connected to the refrigeration equipment with the possibility of supplying refrigerant through them, a hot heat exchanger, a drying-condensation chamber fan, a solids collection tray, a primary tank, an air temperature and humidity sensor, a wood moisture sensor, a water level sensor hoods, protective grid, heater, automatic control system for condensation drying, particulate filter. 3. A production line for obtaining water extract from a tree trunk according to claim 2, including safety shutters designed to prevent overheating of refrigeration equipment.

Images