RU2758244C1 - Surgical tool kit for dental implantation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; dental implantology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, in particular to dental implantology and can be used for dental implantation with a 3D navigation template. The surgical tool kit for dental implantation contains a mucotome, an osteotome, a pilot drill, final drills and implant seating instrument. The kit additionally includes adapter for removable final drills and limiters to control the length of final drill working part made in form of rings of different widths. The adapter has a tail section and cylindrical body. In cavity of the cylindrical body there is a locking attachment made in form of spring element for fixing final drills with the shank of final drill.

EFFECT: surgical kit of instruments for dental implantation is simplified, its cost is reduced, and convenience, speed of operation, reliability and efficiency of doctor's work are increased.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

Technology area

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to dental implantology, and can be used for dental implantation with a 3D navigation template. Prior art

Surgical sets of instruments for dental implantation by the method of navigation implantation are widely known, for example: https://alfa-gate.net/product/conical-surgical-kit/

httD: //www.biotech-dental.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/BR_ATLAS-SURGERY-2019_EN.pdf

http://dentiumusa.com/products/kits-and-instrument/digital-guide-surgery-kit-full.htm.

All of the above known surgical instrument kits include a mucotome, an osteotome, a pilot drill, a final drill, an implant driver with an implant in a total of at least 25 and more drills of different lengths and diameters.

As a prototype, we have chosen a set of tools for navigational dental implantation described in the patent (US 2018085072, IPC А61В 6/03, publ. 03/29/2018). FIG. 8 of this patent shows a set of tools for navigational implantation of teeth, where 165 (hereinafter, the numbering of elements is indicated in accordance with Fig. 8 of the prototype) shows drills that have different lengths (rows A, B, C, D and E ) and diametrical dimensions (for example, 2.0 mm, 2.75 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.25 mm, 3.85 mm, 4.25 mm). Each drill has a stop that engages the top surface of the guide tubes 190 to control its insertion depth.

Once the dental plan is finally established, a specific series of drills 165 are selected for sequential use with the surgical guide 110.

For example, to install a specific dental implant, the dental plan may include the use of B-2.0 mm and B-3.25 mm drills. The dimensions of the osteotomy are determined by the final drill (B-3.25 mm), the dimensions of which correspond to the dental implant to be installed. The surgical kit further includes mucotomes 202 for removing tissue from the gingival layer, and also includes pilot drills 204 to create a pilot hole and optionally countersink to shape the osteotomy hole. A series of drills, osteotomes are used to create an osteotomy, that is, a flat surface on the bone.

All known surgical instrument kits, including the prototype, have common disadvantages, namely:

- a large number of units of instruments (from 25 and more), which complicates the work of a doctor, since the probability of an error in choosing an instrument increases, and also leads to a complication of the set and, accordingly, to an increase in its cost;

- the working part of the drill during drilling has direct friction on the walls of the guide bushings, which leads to rapid wear of the tool, as well as to the ingress of sawdust into the cavity of the bone tissue. To reduce friction and drill wear, the gap between the drill and the guide sleeve is made large, which in turn leads to distortions in the correct guidance of the tool.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the surgical set of instruments for dental implantation, to reduce its cost, as well as to increase the convenience, speed of the operation, reliability and efficiency of the doctor's work.

The essence of the invention is a surgical set of instruments for dental implantation, containing a mucotome, an osteotome, a pilot drill, final drills and an implant driver, which, according to the invention, additionally contains an adapter for removable final drills and limiters for the length of the working part of the final drills, made in the form of rings of different widths. The adapter has a tail part and a cylindrical body, in the cavity of which there is a locking fastener for fixing the final drills in the form of a spring element for snapping into the final drill shank. The inner diameter of the limiters is made on the basis of a tight girth of the cylindrical body of the adapter by the limiter.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows mukotom, fig. 2 shows an osteotome; FIG. 3 - pilot drill. FIG. 4 shows the final drill, adapter and stops. FIG. 5 shows an implant driver with an implant, and FIG. 6 shows the protocol of the implantation. FIG. 7 shows a photo of the proposed set of tools.

Implementation of the invention

One of the elements of the toolbox is the mukotom (1) shown in FIG. 1, the function of which is to dissect the gums, while creating a circular opening. Mukotom (1) is a round cylindrical knife that, while rotating, dissects the gum. Optimum rotation speed 200 rpm. This item is available in all dental implantation kits.

The next element of the toolbox is the osteotome (2) shown in FIG. 2, the function of which is to level the bone ridge and create a plateau 0.5 mm above the level of the future implant landing, since the relief of the bone ridge is uneven. The osteotome (2) is a drill with a flat working part. There is a stop (3) at the top of the drill to control the height of the bone ridge alignment. Optimum rotation speed 200 rpm. The osteotome is available in many dental implantation kits, including the prototype.

The next element of the toolbox is the one shown in FIG. 3 pilot drill (4), which is used to create a pilot hole. This is a short, 2.2 mm diameter drill that wraps around the guide sleeve of the surgical template, thus ensuring the correct drilling direction. There is a stop (5) at the top of the drill to control the drilling depth. Optimum rotation speed 300 rpm. The pilot drill is available in many dental implantation kits, including the prototype.

The next element of the toolbox is the final drill (6) shown in Fig. 4. The final drill is used to create a cavity in the bone, the size of the implant (7), both in length and in diameter. Final drills are available in all surgical kits for dental implantation, including the prototype, and their number in the known kits is large, due to the need to select the parameters of the drill according to the length and diameter of the implant. For example, in the prototype we have chosen, the number of final drills is 30, as already mentioned above when describing the prototype, the set of drills has different sizes in length (rows A, B, C, D and E) and diameters (2.0 mm, 2, 75mm, 3.0mm, 3.25mm, 3.85mm, 4.25mm).

Shown in the same figure 4 the following elements of the set of tools: adapter (8) for removable final drills and stops (9) are essential differences of the proposed invention. The adapter has a tail part (10) and a cylindrical body (11), in the cavity of which there is a lock fastener (12) for fixing the final drills in the form of a spring element for snapping into the final drill shank. The limiters (9) are made in the form of steel rings of different widths, and the inner diameter of the limiters is made on the basis of a tight grip by the limiter (9) of the cylindrical body (11) of the adapter. Optimum rotation speed 350 rpm.

And, finally, the next element of the set of instruments is the implant driver (13) shown in Fig. 5 (in Fig. 5 the implant driver is shown with the implant (7)). The implant driver consists of a guide part and an immersion limiter (14).

Figure 6 shows a protocol for implantation using the proposed set of surgical instruments. First, the gum (15) is dissected with a mucotome (1) at a rotation speed of 200 rpm, thus creating a round hole. Further, the osteotome (2) aligns the bone ridge (16) and creates a plateau 0.5 mm above the level of the future implant landing. Then, with a pilot drill (4), which, in an example of a specific embodiment, is a short drill with a diameter of 2.2 mm, a small and narrow recess is made in the bone (17), thereby ensuring the correct direction of insertion of the final drilling.

The rotational speed of the pilot drill in a specific example is 300 rpm. Further, with the final drill (6), through the adapter (8), a recess (18) is made in the bone (17), having the size of the implant (7), both in length and in diameter, while the depth of the recess is adjusted by selecting the appropriate limiter (9 ). Finally, the implant (7) is inserted into the recess (18) by means of the implant driver (13).

Below is the rationale for the benefits of the proposed toolkit. As mentioned above, the essential differences of the invention are the adapter (8) for removable final drills and stops (9). The adapter has a tail (10) and a cylindrical body (11), in the cavity of which there is a lock fastener (12) for fixing the final drills, which can be successively changed during the operation. The lock mount (12) is made in the form of a spring element for snapping in with the shank of the final drill.

Limiters (9) are made in the form of steel rings of different widths, which are put on the cylindrical body (11) of the adapter. Depending on the selected width of the limiter ring, the length of the working part of the final drill is adjusted and, thus, the depth of the depression (18) in the bone for placing the implant (7).

As already mentioned above, in the known sets, the number of final drills is large, due to the need to select the parameters of the drill both in length and in the diameter of the implant.

Implant sizes range from 6mm to 14mm in length and 3mm to 7mm in diameter, depending on the implant manufacturer. Drill length - 6mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 11.5mm, 13mm, 14mm, diameter - 2mm, 2.4mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm , 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4.2mm, 4.8mm, etc. (depending on manufacturers). Let's take an implant manufacturer that produces implants of 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm in length and 3 mm, 3.6 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.8 mm in diameter.

For full drilling, you need to have 16 drills with different sizes in the set (multiply the number of drills with different lengths by the number of drills with different diameters). The presence of an adapter and stops in the set, in the form of steel rings of different widths, which are put on the adapter body, solves the same problem with 4 drills instead of 16.

The drilling depth is controlled by limiters of different widths. In an example of a specific implementation, two stops were used in the form of steel rings with a width of 2 mm and 4 mm. For drilling to a depth of 12 mm, the stop is not used, just select a drill with the appropriate diameter. For drilling to a depth of 10 mm, a stop with a ring width of 2 mm is used, which is put on the adapter body in advance (12 mm - 2 mm = 10 mm). To ensure a drilling depth of 8 mm, use a stop with a ring width of 4 mm (12 mm - 4 mm = 8 mm). To achieve a drilling depth of 6 mm, use both stops with ring widths of 4 mm and 2 mm (12 mm - 6 mm = 6 mm).

Thus, the proposed invention has a number of advantages, namely:

1. The doctor initially sets the depth of drilling with limiters, which is very important for control during the operation, so as not to damage anatomically important structures and tissues;

2. The surgical kit is greatly simplified, in the given specific example from 16 units of drills to 4. This, in turn, reduces the risk of a doctor's error in the selection of drills and significantly reduces the time of the operation, as well as reduces the cost of the set.

3. Due to the design feature of the adapter, the working part of the drill during drilling does not come into contact with the guide sleeve of the surgical template, which prevents wear of the instrument and the introduction of sawdust into the formed bed of bone tissue.

At the same time, we note that the proposed simplified set is not inferior to the rest of the existing sets, which are equipped with a large number of instruments, and provides a full-fledged high-quality implantation.

Claims (1)

Surgical set of instruments for dental implantation, containing a mucotome, an osteotome, a pilot drill, final drills and an implant driver, characterized in that the set additionally contains an adapter for removable final drills and stops for controlling the length of the working part of the final drills, made in the form of rings of different widths, an adapter has a tail section and a cylindrical body, in the cavity of which there is a lock fastener for fixing the final drills in the form of a spring element for snapping into the final drill shank.

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