RU2742423C1 - Method for coal concentration and the mobile sorting complex for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining and processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the mining and processing industry and can be used for sorting rocks, in particular coal ore. The mobile sorting complex for coal enrichment consists of a feeder bunker, a screen, an undersize product conveyor, the main oversize product conveyor, which includes sorting workstations, consisting of tables and skis directed away from the main conveyor. The hopper-feeder, the screener, the undersize product conveyor are installed on the frame, and the main oversize product conveyor is in the building. With the help of the complex, a method of coal beneficiation is realized, which includes preliminary and manual sorting. Pre-sorting consists in loading the rock into a feed hopper, from which it goes to a screen, where it is sorted by size. The undersize product enters the undersize product conveyor, the oversize product enters the manual sorting on the main oversize product conveyor, where at workstations consisting of tables and skis directed away from the main conveyor, the sorters perform manual sampling into the skis, and the remaining product moves further along the main conveyor.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of enrichment of high-ash coals and reduced energy intensity of the process while ensuring the mobility of the sorting complex.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining and processing industry and can be used for sorting rocks, in particular coal ore.

There is a known line for enrichment of coal by-products, which contains jigging machines connected through a mixer with a hydrocyclone and screens, a collection of working suspension connected through a pump with a suspension distributor and a mixer, a magnetite storage connected to a collection of diluted suspension, which is connected through a pump with a magnetite thickener and magnetic separator with a collection of working suspension. The line is additionally equipped with a heavy-medium separator, a plow spreader, conveyor and scraper desludging conveyors and a crusher. At the same time, the jiggers and the heavy-medium separator are connected through the transporting conveyor with a plow ejector, after which a crusher and a scraper desliming conveyor are sequentially installed, the last of which, through a mixer using a pump, is connected to a hydrocyclone, which, in turn, is connected with screens, one of which is intended for washing magnetite, dewatering coal concentrate and transporting it to the finished product bin, and the second one for washing magnetite and transporting waste to a dump (according to patent RU141736, class B03B 7/00, publ. 10.06.14).

This line is expensive, requires large capital expenditures and is applicable for large volumes of processing of rock mass. The line is installed permanently and is not mobile. Has a low efficiency of enrichment of high-ash coals.

Known mobile impact crushing plant, which contains a frame mounted on a caterpillar self-propelled chassis, a loading container, an associated loading conveyor for feeding into the receiving part of the loading container lumpy product with a predominance of fine fractions, crushers and an unloading conveyor for moving the crushed product. The loading container is made in the form of a vibrating feeder with side walls and a bottom with a lining and is mounted on elastically deformable supports on a frame for feeding a lump product from an external loader or from a loading conveyor into a preliminary sorting screen located under it, made cascade with a wedge-shaped grate, under which a sieve is placed for directing the fine fraction of the product to the discharge conveyor located under this sieve for directing the product of the fine fraction to a separate dump or to the dump conveyor of the undersize product, which is configured to adjust the position in height. The plant is equipped with a shock-reflective crusher for receiving coarse fractions of lumpy product from a pre-sorting screen along the conveyor, which is connected to the conveyor for dispensing the crushed product into a separate dump. At the same time, the installation is equipped with an inter-sieve product dump conveyor and an over-sieve product return conveyor. And the power plant for powering the drives of the working equipment and the tracked chassis is made with the possibility of manual control, located in a separate cabinet, or remote control (according to patent RU129020, class B02C 21/02, publ. 20.06.13).

The disadvantage of this installation is the complexity of the design due to the presence of a self-propelled chassis and related mechanisms, as well as restrictions on the speed and range of movement. The installation can only move around the field. Also, the unit has low efficiency when enriching high-ash coals.

The closest technical solution is a crushing and screening mobile modular type, which contains a rotary crusher mounted on caterpillar chassis, a loading hopper with a vibrating feeder, a preliminary screening screen, a collecting conveyor for a screen spill, a screen spill dump conveyor, a vibrating discharge chute, a main outboard conveyor , cross conveyor, return conveyor, dump conveyor, diesel and hydraulic drive, hydraulic equipment, control cabinet, diesel generator. This installation consists of three modules fixed with quick-release couplings (according to patent RU178249, class B02C 19/00, publ. 03/28/18).

This unit does not provide the required quality of the products (marketable coal) when developing high-ash coals. Harmful impurities are represented by fine pyrite, gypsum, native sulfur, sandstone and shale, which are so small that they cannot be separated by traditional beneficiation methods. For their processing, deeper enrichment is required at concentration plants, the costs of funds and labor at which account for up to 60% of the cost of production of raw coal.

The technical result to be achieved by the present invention is to increase the efficiency of enrichment of high-ash coals and reduce the energy consumption of the process while ensuring the mobility of the sorting complex.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the mobile sorting complex consists of a feeder bunker, a screen, an undersize product conveyor, a main oversize product conveyor, which includes sorters' workstations, consisting of tables and skids, which are fixed to each other with the possibility of disconnection for transportation, while the hopper-feeder, the screener, the undersize product conveyor are installed on the frame, and the main oversize product conveyor is in the building.

Also, the technical result is achieved by the method of coal beneficiation, which includes preliminary and manual sorting, preliminary sorting consists in loading the rock into the feeder bunker, from which it goes to the screen, where it is sorted by size, the undersize product enters the undersize product conveyor, The oversize product enters the manual sorting on the main conveyor of the oversize product, where at the workstations the graders carry out manual sampling into the slides, and the remaining product moves further along the main conveyor.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 - mobile sorting complex;

FIG. 2 - mobile sorting complex, top view;

FIG. 3 - mobile sorting complex, side view.

The mobile sorting complex (Fig. 1, 2, 3) consists of a feeder hopper 1, a screen 2, a conveyor for an undersize product 3, a main conveyor for an oversize product 4, which includes workstations of sorters 5, consisting of tables 6 and skis 7. The feeder hopper 1, the screen 2, the undersize product conveyor 3 are installed on the frame 8, and the main oversize product conveyor 4 is in the building (not shown in the figure).

Application.

Loading of raw materials into the sorting complex is carried out using a front loader. A front-end loader drives up to a stack of raw materials, picks up a bucket, drives up to a feed hopper and pours it there. From the feed hopper, the rock enters the screen (preferred is the inertial self-balanced screen GISL-32) with a + 35mm class separation, where the rock mass is pre-sorted and pieces of uncrushed rock are separated

Rock of 0-35mm class with ash content (ash content) 85-90% (undersize product) is transported by conveyor and unloaded into a separate pile, then transported by motor transport to the rock dump. The ash content is taken arbitrarily for example within the framework of the description of this application. At each coal enterprise, coal has its own ash content from 20 to 90%. The ash content depends on the operation of the mine, namely the combines. Rock with a class of +35 mm is fed by gravity along the screen to the main conveyor, through which it is transported to the sorting room, where manual rock removal is performed. In the sorting room, there are work places for sorters. Slides are provided next to each workplace for moving and storing the selected rock. Sorting is carried out manually: the worker selects the rock from the main conveyor into the slides, through which the rock is transported to specially prepared sites on the sides along the conveyor and then transported by a front loader to the waste dump. The coal remaining on the conveyor goes along the belt to the pile, from where it is transported by a front loader to the warehouse. If the content of the rock exceeds the content of coal, then the workers make a sample into the coal slides, and the rock goes along the conveyor to the stack.

The technological scheme of the mobile sorting complex allows the following adjustment of the process during its operation:

- the amount of raw materials supplied for processing is regulated by a feeder installed under the loading hopper on a joint frame;

- depending on the volume of ash content in the granulometric composition (by classes) of the initial product, the replacement of the screen sieves from 35 to 50 mm is provided;

- assumes the possibility, during manual rock sampling, to select either coal pieces or rock pieces, depending on their specific component in the oversize product;

- to sort the rock mass on a low-speed conveyor belt with an adjustable speed in the range - from 0.05 to 0.5 m / s.

The mobile sorting complex according to the proposed invention has a capacity of up to 300 tons / day with a total power consumption of up to 22 kW of electrical receivers, allows for high-quality separation of high-ash rock mass with a decrease in the ash content from 40-80% in the original product to 8-12% in the enriched product. To increase the productivity of manual sampling, a preliminary classification of the initial product was introduced with mechanical sorting of high-ash class 0-35mm on a screen.

For transportation, the complex is disassembled into four parts for easy movement to the work sites: the main conveyor, the undersize product conveyor, the hopper and the screen. Two people are enough to assemble and disassemble the complex. The connection of the components is carried out using bolted connections.

Thus, the solutions used in the invention increase the efficiency of enrichment of high-ash coals and reduce the energy intensity of the process while ensuring the mobility of the sorting complex and ensure the achievement of the technical result.

Claims (2)

1. Mobile sorting complex for coal preparation, consisting of fixed to each other with the possibility of disconnection for transportation of a bunker-feeder, a screen, a conveyor of an undersize product, a main conveyor of an oversize product, which includes workstations of sorters, consisting of tables and skis directed to the side from the main conveyor, while the feeder hopper, the screen, the undersize product conveyor are installed on the frame, and the main oversize product conveyor is in the building. 2. The method of coal beneficiation, including preliminary and manual sorting, preliminary sorting consists in loading the rock into the feeder bunker, from which it enters the screen, where it is sorted by size, the undersize product enters the undersize product conveyor, the oversize product enters for manual sorting to the main conveyor of the oversize product, where in the workplaces, consisting of tables and skis directed away from the main conveyor, the sorters carry out manual sampling into the skis, and the remaining product moves further along the main conveyor.

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