RU2740668C1 - Water heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat exchange.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in automation of heating systems control. Water heating system consists of feeding (hot) (1) and return (cooled) (2) pipes and connected to them through water three-way electric blowers (3) and (4) respectively supply (5) and return (6) stands with heating devices (7), hydraulically connected to each other, automatic air vent (8) located in upper part of supplying riser (5), electric pump (9), water drainage pipe (10), electronic control unit (11) with depressurisation sensors (12) in form of water detection sensors and annunciator (13). Electronic control unit (11) with depressurisation sensors (12) is connected by means of lines (14). Three control lines (15), (16) and (17) are directed to control three-way electric fan (3) and (4), electric pump (9) and annunciator (13) from electronic control unit (11). Inputs of three-way electrovalves (3) and (4) are respectively connected to supply (5) and return (6) risers. First outputs of three-way electrovalves (3) and (4) are connected to supply (1) and return (2) pipes respectively, and second outputs of three-way electrovalves (3) and (4) are connected by pipes to each other and to the inlet of electric pump (9), the outlet of which is connected to sewer pipe through drain pipe (10).EFFECT: technical result is simplification of design and high reliability.3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat engineering and can be used in the automation of control of heating systems.

Known devices for a water heating system according to the book "Effective heating systems for buildings", Stroyizdat, 1988, p. 94, Fig. III. (4 c) - [1] and patent for invention RU 2285206 C1 from 10.10.2006, F24D 12/00, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building" - [2].

Water heating systems of a multi-storey building, similar to [1] and [2], contain a supply and return lines, supply and return risers connected with them, respectively, as well as heating elements located in the premises of a multi-storey building.

The disadvantage of the known heating systems of a multi-storey building according to [1] and [2] is their potential danger when depressurizing. As a result, premises with material values (food and clothing warehouses, etc.), in some cases irreplaceable and expensive, having historical value (archives, museums, libraries, etc.), may be flooded. Moreover, depressurization of the water heating system can occur both naturally (corrosive, overpressure of the network, marriage of shut-off and control valves, etc.), and during spontaneous (earthquakes, fires, etc.) and terrorist or military actions.

Known "Water heating system" by patent for invention RU 2313731 from 27.12.2007, IPC F24D 10/00 - [3], consisting of hot and return pipes, air discharge pipe, water drain pipe and a complex of heating devices, hydraulically connected to each other , one solenoid valve and one water flow sensor are installed on the hot and return pipes, and one solenoid valve is installed on the air discharge and water drain pipes. A tank is located under the water drain pipe, the lower part of which is hydraulically connected to the heating system through an electric valve and an electric pump. The water heating system also includes a siren and an electronic unit, the input of which is connected to water flow sensors, and the output to electrovalves, an electric pump and a siren.

The disadvantage of analogue [3] is that the device must have a container for draining water, and this container must be large, which is justified only in some cases (for example, when using antifreeze for local heating systems of individual houses). In addition, the drainage of water in the prototype is carried out by gravity, which increases the time and volume of water spilling into the premises and, as a result, increases material damage. Additionally, it can be noted that during the subsequent (after the electronic control unit has triggered to drain the water) the electricity is cut off, the water heating system according to [3] automatically returns to its original state, in which the flooding of the premises continues.

The prototype of the claimed technical solution is the "Water heating system" under the patent for invention RU 2372560 C1 dated 11/10/2009, F24D 10/00 - [4], consisting of direct (hot) and return (cooled) pipes, air discharge pipe, drain pipe water and a complex of heating devices, hydraulically connected to each other, are installed on the straight and on the return pipes by one shut-off solenoid valve, and also contains an electronic control unit with system depressurization sensors and two drain solenoid valves and an electric pump. Two drain electrovalves are installed, respectively, on the straight and on the return pipes after the shut-off electrovalves, the outlets of the drain electrovalves are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump, the outlet of which is connected to the sewer pipeline. The electronic control unit contains system depressurization sensors in the form of water detection sensors. As shut-off and drain solenoid valves, valves with drives from electric motors can be used.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of the design, and as a consequence, insufficient reliability and high cost.

From the disadvantages of analogs and the prototype follows the task of simplifying the design of the water heating system with the possibility of rapid emptying of heating pipes with heating devices to minimize the damage caused by leaks of the water heating system.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is that the "water heating system" consists of a supply (hot) and return (cooled) pipes and supply and return risers (supply and return riser pipelines) with heating devices connected to them through water electric valves, respectively, hydraulically tied together, an automatic air vent located in the upper part of a straight riser, an electric pump, a water drain pipe, an electronic control unit with sensors for depressurization of a water heating system, in the form of water detection sensors, an annunciator, control lines for electric valves, an electric pump and an annunciator. In this case, the water electric valves are made in the form of three-way electric valves, the inputs of which are respectively connected to the supply and return risers, the first outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected respectively to the supply and return pipes, the second outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected by pipes to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump, the output of which is through the drain pipe connected to the sewer pipe. Electric motors can be used as a drive for three-way electric valves. If the water heating system contains i - a pair of forward and return risers, then each pair of supply and return risers is connected to the supply and return pipelines through its own three-way electric valves, all the second outputs of which (three-way electric valves) are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump.

From the patent literature, it is known to use in the "Heating system of a multi-storey building" according to the utility model patent RU 27189 U1 dated 01/10/2003, F24D 3/02 - [5], two three-way valves with an electric drive, for draining water from the heating system.

However, in the analogue [5], the first three-way valve is used for looping the direct and return pipelines of the heating system, and the second (only one) three-way valve is used for general drainage of water from the return pipe and heating devices hydraulically connected to it, and through which from the supply pipeline. With such a drainage of water, carried out by gravity in the analogue [5], the drainage time and the volume of water spill into the premises significantly increase and, as a consequence, increases material damage. In addition, in the claimed technical solution, three-way valves with an electric drive are made in the form of three-way electric valves driven by electric motors, and they are installed in the system for direct drainage of water, both from the supply and from the straight risers.

Also, technical solutions are known to reduce and prevent large volumes of water spillage into premises in case of accidents of a water heating system under patents for useful models of the Russian Federation:

- RU 32239 U1 of 10.09.2003, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a building with protection against destruction when the circulation of the coolant is stopped" - [6];

- RU 33427 U1 from 20.10.2003, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building" - [7];

- RU 48031 U1 of 10.09.2005, F24D 3/02, F24D1 9/10, “Floor heating unit with the possibility of emergency pressure relief and shutdown” - [8];

- RU 56563 U1 from 10.09.2006, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building" - [9].

However, in analogs [6], [7], [8] and [9], three-way electric valves (solenoid valves) driven by electric motors are not used to implement protection of premises from leaks, and rapid drainage of water using an electric pump is not used. In addition, the schemes for the implementation of these technical solutions differ from the declared water heating system.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the design and improve its reliability.

In the declared water heating system, the increased water drainage rate remained, as in the prototype, and the four electric valves installed on one pair of risers were replaced with two three-way electric valves. If there is more than one pair of risers in a multi-storey building (1 ... i - steam of the supply and return risers), the water heating system contains only one electric pump for accelerated drainage of water, and two three-way electric valves for each pair of supply and return risers. An electronic control unit has also been added to the water heating system to alert repair services to a specific pair of risers in a multi-storey building. At the same time, water is rapidly drained only from a pair of supply and return risers with heating devices, in which a leak was detected, and the remaining risers with heating devices of a multi-storey building remain operational, and the heating system itself does not turn off.

The use of a distinctive independent feature of the formula of the invention: "water electric valves are made in the form of three-way electric valves, the inputs of which are connected to the supply and return risers, the first outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected respectively to the supply and return pipes, the second outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected by pipes to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump, the outlet of which is connected to the sewer pipeline through the drain pipe "allows to significantly simplify the design of the prototype by replacing four electric valves (with one input and one output) with two three-way electric valves (with one input and two outputs), which will also increase the reliability of the system and reduce its cost. At the same time, as in the prototype, in the event of a depressurization of the system, the maximum possible amount of water (liquid) will be drained from it and thereby minimized its spillage into the premises.

The use of a distinctive dependent feature of the formula of the invention: "electric motors are used as a drive for three-way electric valves" makes it possible to exclude, in the event of a subsequent (after the electronic control unit is triggered to drain the water), a possible power outage, the automatic transition of the water heating system to its original state (in which the flooding of the premises may continue), which will increase the reliability of the entire heating system in case of accidents with power outages. At the same time, the use of an electric pump, for example, the cheapest centrifugal pump, will allow water to drain freely into the sewer, only at a lower speed. During normal operation - the operation of the drainage electric pump in the heating system, a vacuum is created, due to which the release of water into the premises is minimal.

The use of a distinctive dependent feature of the formula of the invention: "each pair of supply and return risers is connected to the direct and return pipelines through its own three-way electric valves, all the second outputs of which are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump" makes it possible to apply the claimed technical solution for the water heating system of a multi-storey building with 1 … I - pairs of supply and return risers. At the same time (in this version) the water heating system for accelerated drainage of water contains only one electric pump and two three-way electric valves for each pair of risers, which also simplifies the design and increases its reliability.

Graphic materials explaining the essence of the invention are represented by two figures:

Figure 1 is a drawing of the claimed diagram of a water heating system for one pair of supply and return risers of a multi-storey building.

FIG. 2 is a drawing of FIG. 1, adapted for the water heating system of a multi-storey building with 1 ... i - pairs of supply and return risers.

FIG. 1 marked: 1 - supply (hot) pipe; 2 - return (cooled) pipe; 3 and 4 - water three-way electric valves driven by an electric motor; 5 - supply riser; 6 - reverse riser; 7 - heating devices; 8 - automatic air vent; 9 - electric pump, which can be the simplest centrifugal; 10 - water drain pipe; 11 - electronic control unit; 12 - depressurization sensors; 13 - annunciator; 14 - lines for connecting the depressurization sensors (12); 15 - control lines for three-way electric valves (3) and (4); 16 - electric pump control line (9); 16 - siren control line (13).

FIG. 2 are additionally marked: 3.1, 3.2 ... 3.i - three-way electric valves of the corresponding supply risers with hot water 5.1, 5.2 ... 5.i; 4.1, 4.2… 4.i - three-way electric valves of the corresponding return risers with chilled water 6.1, 6.2… 6.i; 7.1, 7.2… 7.i - heaters of the corresponding pairs of risers 1, 2… i; 8.1, 8.2… 8.i - automatic air vents of the corresponding pairs of risers 1, 2… i.

The water heating system consists of the supply (hot) (1) and return (cooled) (2) pipes and the supply (5) and return (6) risers with heating pipes connected to them via three-way water valves (3) and (4), respectively. devices (7), hydraulically interconnected, an automatic air vent (8) located in the upper part of the supply riser (5), an electric pump (9), a water drain pipe (10), an electronic control unit (11) with depressurization sensors (12) in the form of water detection sensors and an annunciator (13). The electronic control unit (11) is connected to the depressurization sensors (12) using lines (14). To control the three-way electric valves (3) and (4), the electric pump (9) and the annunciator (13), the control lines (15), (16) and (17) depart from the electronic control unit (11), respectively. The inputs of the three-way electric valves (3) and (4) are respectively connected to the supply (5) and return (6) risers. The first outputs of the three-way electric valves (3) and (4) are connected respectively to the supply (1) and return (2) pipes, and the second outputs of the three-way electric valves (3) and (4) are connected by pipes to each other and to the input of the electric pump (9), the output which through the drain pipe (10) is connected to the sewer pipeline.

When the water heating system contains from the 1st to the i-th - steam of the supply (5.1, 5.2 ... 5.i) and return (6.1, 6.2 ... 6.i) risers, then each pair of supply (5.1, 5.2 ... 5.i ) and return (6.1, 6.2 ... 6.i) risers is connected to the supply (1) and return (2) pipelines through their own three-way electric valves (3.1, 3.2 ... 3.i) and (4.1, 4.2 ... 4.i), all the second outputs of which are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump (9).

The operation of the claimed device is as follows.

In normal operation: water is supplied through the supply (hot) (1) pipe through a three-way electric valve (3) to the supply riser (5) and then to the heating devices (7), from which water (cooled) flows to the return riser (6) and is discharged through a three-way electric valve (4) to the return pipe (2). On the air discharge pipe, the automatic air vent (8) is closed by the water pressure. In this case, the three-way electric valves (3) and (4) are included in position I, when they respectively connect the supply riser (5) with the supply (hot) pipe (1) and the return riser (6) with the return pipe (2) with chilled water.

When water leaks from the heater (7), the water detection sensor (12) located underneath is triggered, which sends a signal to the electronic control unit (11) via line (14). The following commands are generated and issued to the electronic control unit (11) according to the program embedded in it:

1. Along the control line (15) - to switch the three-way electric valves (3) and (4) to position II, when they respectively disconnect the supply pipe (1) and the supply riser (5), as well as the return pipe (2) with a return riser (6) with chilled water. In this case, three-way electric valves (3) and (4) connect the supply riser (5) with the return riser (6) - (connected to each other) and with the inlet of the electric pump (9). In this case, the automatic air vent (8) also opens under the influence of decreasing pressure (air enters it) and then water is drained from a pair of risers with heating devices (7). According to the diagram shown in Fig. 2, a specific pair of risers opens, under the heating device of which a water leak has occurred.

2. Through the control line (16) - to turn on the electric pump (9), and at the same time, the water is rapidly drained from a pair of risers with heating devices (7). According to the diagram shown in Fig. 2, the accelerated drainage of water is carried out only from a specific pair of risers, under the heating device of which there was a water leak. The remaining pairs of risers (supply (5) and return (6)) with their heating devices (7) continue to function normally.

3. On the control line (17) - to inform the operator (or the duty team) of the service organization with the help of a siren about the disconnection of a specific pair of risers of a multi-storey task.

4. On the control line (16) - to turn off the electric pump (9), after the passage of time sufficient to drain water from a pair of risers (supply (5) and return (6) with their own heating devices (7)). In this case, the time is set in the electronic control unit (11) with a guaranteed reserve sufficient to completely drain the water, and the electric valves (3) and (4) remain switched to mode II to drain the remaining water by gravity.

Turning on the disconnected specific risers of the water heating system of a multi-storey building is carried out manually, after the on-duty team (plumbers) eliminates system malfunctions in the form of water leaks and checks the tightness of a pair of risers (supply (5) and return (6) with their heating devices (7) ).

The declared water heating system, together with the limiting and distinctive features of the claims, is not known from the prior art of well-known systems, and has not been found in the literature, and therefore meets the criterion of "novelty".

The set of features of the claimed claims at this level of development of technology has not been previously applied, and does not follow from the well-known methods and systems for preventing leaks of water heating systems in multi-storey buildings, which proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The implementation of a water heating system with the given set of features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, it can be carried out using well-known and widely produced devices by industry, from which follows the compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Thus, the claimed device, as well as the prototype, has the following characteristics:

- accelerated drainage of water from the system by a drainage pump, which minimizes material damage;

- the possibility of using the system in multi-storey buildings;

- the relevance of application in industrial and civil construction;

- the ability to work in case of emergency power outage;

- the possibility of using valves with an electric drive in the form of an electric motor, which increases the reliability of the system;

- the ability to warn service personnel about switching to emergency mode.

The claimed device makes it possible to further significantly simplify the design of the prototype - a water heating system with rapid emptying of heating risers with heating devices to minimize material damage caused by leaks of the water heating system to the premises of the building, its interior decoration and especially the equipment installed in the premises of the building. Due to the use of three-way electric valves on each from the 1st to the i-th pairs of supply and return risers, the amount of the drained coolant is significantly reduced (compared to draining water from the entire heating system), which allows minimizing the loss of specially prepared water (chemical water treatment, inhibitors corrosion, etc.). At the same time, this will make it possible to preserve the operability of the water heating system of the building as a whole in the event of an accident, since exactly one or several sections of the system will be turned off (pairs of risers and hydraulically connected heating devices). Simplification of the design of the water heating system also leads to an increase in its reliability. Simplification of the water heating system by replacing four electric valves on each of the pairs of building risers with two three-way electric valves additionally makes the claimed system economically feasible (preferable).

Literature

1. Book "Efficient heating systems for buildings", Stroyizdat, 1988, p. 94, fig. III. (4 c).

2. Patent for invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2285206 C1 dated 10.10.2006, F24D 12/00, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building".

3. Patent for invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2313731 C1 from 27.12.2007, IPC F24D 10/00, "Water heating system".

4. Patent for invention of the Russian Federation: RU 2372560 C1 from 10.11.2009, F24D 10/00, "Water heating system" - prototype.

5. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 27189 U1 dated 10.01.2003, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building."

6. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 32239 U1 from 10.09.2003, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a building with protection against destruction when the circulation of the coolant is stopped."

7. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 33427 U1 dated 20.10.2003, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building."

8. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 48031 U1 dated 10.09.2005, F24D 3/02, F24D19 / 10, “Floor heating unit with the possibility of emergency pressure relief and shutdown”.

9. Patent for a useful model of the Russian Federation: RU 56563 U1 from 10.09.2006, F24D 3/02, "Heating system of a multi-storey building."

Claims (3)

1. Water heating system, consisting of supply and return pipes and connected to them through water electric valves and, respectively, supply and return risers with heating devices, hydraulically interconnected, an automatic air vent located in the upper part of the supply riser, an electric pump, a water drain pipe, electronic control unit, with depressurization sensors in the form of water detection sensors, an annunciator, electric valve control lines, an electric pump and an annunciator, characterized in that the water electric valves are made in the form of three-way electric valves, the inputs of which are connected to the supply and return risers, the first outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected respectively to the supply and return pipes, the second outputs of the three-way electric valves are connected by pipes to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump, the outlet of which is connected to the sewer pipeline through the drain pipe. 2. The water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that electric motors are used as the drive of the three-way electric valves. 3. The water heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that each pair of supply and return risers is connected respectively to the supply and return pipelines through their own three-way electric valves, all of whose second outputs are connected to each other and to the inlet of the electric pump.

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