RU2740417C2 - Active protection system of armored objects - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to protection of armored objects from antitank ammunition. System consists of protective container for launching containers with protective ammunition placed in them, installed on rotating base with lifting system and equipped with vertical and horizontal guidance mechanisms, radar station for detection and determination of anti-tank ammunition coordinate parameters or unit for connection to another complex (active protection system), aiming system with drives in horizontal and vertical planes. Each protective ammunition contains two detonators—one contact, the other—detonating fuse for blasting on trajectory. Warhead comprises volumetric detonating mixture with ignition-explosive charge. In the rear part there is a reference (an unfolding stabilizer). In the same place the jet engine connected with ammunition by means of collet is located. Protective container design provides for the possibility of dilution of launching containers of protective ammunition relative to central axis in horizontal and vertical planes. Protective container is connected with rotary base by lifting system consisting of levers and drives to lift protective container in vertical plane. Protective container design provides installation of protective curtains of launching containers arranged in front part of protective container. Besides, protective container design envisages installation of launching containers with smoke and fire-and-smoke equipment.

EFFECT: technical result consists in increase of damaging effect.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of military technology, in particular to the field of protection of armored objects from anti-tank ammunition. The system consists of a protective container for launch containers with protective ammunition placed in them mounted on a rotating base with a lifting system and equipped with vertical and horizontal guidance mechanisms, a radar station for detecting and determining the coordinate parameters of anti-tank ammunition or a block for connecting to another complex (active protection system), aiming system with drives in horizontal and vertical planes. Each protective ammunition contains two fuses, one contact, the other remote to detonate on the trajectory. The warhead contains a volumetric detonating mixture with an ignition-explosive charge. At the back there is a bench mark (drop-down stabilizer). There is also a jet engine connected to the ammunition using a collet. The design of the protective container provides for the possibility of separating the launch containers of protective ammunition relative to the central axis in the horizontal and vertical planes.

The protective container is connected to the rotating base by a lifting system consisting of levers and drives that ensure the lifting of the protective container in a vertical plane. The design of the protective container provides for the installation of protective shutters for launch containers located in front of the protective container.

In addition, the design of the protective container provides for the installation of launch containers with smoke and incendiary-smoke equipment.

The invention relates to the field of military technology, in particular to the field of protection of armored objects from anti-tank ammunition. Known automatic complexes for active protection of armored objects: SPATEM (French company GIAT), British tank anti-missile system TAMS of the company "Marconi", Israeli "System for warning about the threat of attack" tank "Merkava MK3", American "System of active protection of tanks" (complex SLID) ...

Domestic complexes "Afganit" "Drozd" and "Arena". In general, an active protection complex consists of a detection system, an information processing and control system, and a weapon system. They are used against anti-tank guided missile shells and anti-tank grenades. As a rule, these systems contain fragmentation ammunition thrown towards the attacking projectile and striking it with a circular or directional fragmentation field, with the exception of the Afghanit KAZ, which hits the target with an “active nucleus”, which allows it to be used against sub-caliber ammunition. The general design and principle of operation of the active protective tank complexes assumes the stationary location of the launch silos with protective ammunition relative to the tank turret, as well as the action of the protective ammunition in a strictly defined sector.

In the Israeli "Attack Threat Warning System" of the Merkava tank, the target is detected at a distance of 20-25 m from the tank by electro-optical sensors installed on the upper surface of the vehicle's hull along its perimeter and is struck at some distance from the tank by means of countermeasures. The weapon system is a launcher for firing on a signal from a missile (grenade) detection system with a high-explosive or fragmentation warhead. Launchers are located around the perimeter of the tank hull.

The main disadvantage of these active protection systems is that they provide protection only against projectiles flying up to the target at a low altitude approximately parallel to the ground. At the same time, types of weapons are known that provide an attack on a tank from above. These include, first of all, cluster aiming submunitions that descend by parachute and use an explosive projectile (shock core) to hit the target (155 mm artillery shells of the SAD ARM type (USA), BONUS (Sweden), SMART (Germany), etc.) ... Guided shells and direct hit mines (Copperhead, Merlin, Griffin, Strix) pose a significant threat to the tank.

As a prototype of the claimed invention, an active protection system according to US patent No. 5661254, declared by the German company "Diehl" 01.21.97, is adopted. It is known that the impact on the attacking anti-tank ammunition can be exerted in the following ways

- defeat (destruction) of the warhead (applicable for cumulative warheads);

- violation or defeat of the control system, leading to the flight of the projectile past the target (applicable for all types of warheads);

The main disadvantage of this system is the use of fragmentation effects on anti-tank ammunition, which can lead to the defeat of its manpower and equipment. Another equally significant drawback is the impossibility of lifting the installation vertically, which makes it problematic to use the launch container as protective ammunition with jet engines with an open circuit due to the impact of the jet stream on the surface at large lifting angles of the launch container in the vertical plane and a simultaneous decrease in the unaffected space directly in front of the object. The inability to spread the launch containers at certain angles in the vertical and horizontal planes, which reduces the speed of application and the effectiveness of the system. The lack of a block system for connecting to other complexes (systems) of active protection, which makes it impossible for them to work together. The impossibility of using as protective, smoke and incendiary-smoke ammunition.

The technical problem of the present invention lies in the need to create a system that combines all existing active protection systems for armored vehicles.

The present invention is aimed at eliminating these disadvantages. The technical solution is:

- the use of overpressure generated by volumetric detonating (thermobaric) protective ammunition instead of fragmentation impact on anti-tank ammunition, as it is known that ammunition such as ATGM or ATGM can be destroyed when exposed to overpressure of 0.25-0.65 MPa;

- installation of a system of levers and drives that ensure the lifting of the protective container upward, which allows the use of protective ammunition with jet engines with an open design of the launch container, to ensure the possibility of hitting ammunition striking an armored object from above, to reduce the unaffected space in front of the armored object;

- breeding in the vertical and horizontal planes of launching containers of protective ammunition at a certain angle relative to each other, so that they provide the maximum possible sector of protection of the armored vehicle from anti-tank ammunition.

- installation of blocks in the system for connecting to other complexes (systems) of active protection, which makes it possible for them to work together

- the ability to use as protective, smoke and incendiary-smoke ammunition.

The technical result consists in increasing the damaging effect.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: Fig. 1 - a protective container with diluted launch containers of protective ammunition, Fig. 2 - a launch container in section, FIG. 3 - a protective container on a rotating base with a system of levers and drives, FIG. 4 - protective ammunition and engine in section, FIG. 5 - diagram of the connection of the active protection system to the standard KAZ of the armored object, Fig. 6 - protective zones of armored objects in the complex application of the active protection system and the complex of active protection of the Arena and Arena-E types.

The system contains a protective container (Fig. 1), consisting of a housing 1 with launch containers 2 and protective shutters 3. It is provided for the separation of the launch containers at certain angles in the horizontal and vertical planes of Fig. 1, for example, lugs on bolts fastening the side surfaces of the housings launch containers, which increases the sector of fire. The launch container 2 consists of a protective ammunition 4 and a jet engine 5 (Fig. 2).

The protective container (Fig. 3) is installed on a rotating base 6, connected to its body 1 by a system of levers and actuators 7, which ensure its lifting upward, which ensures the use of protective ammunition 4 with jet engines with an open circuit of the launch container 2 for anti-tank ammunition that affects an armored object from above and reduces the zone of "non-damage" directly in front of the armored object, since the possibility of the angle of inclination of the launch container downward increases (Fig. 3).

Each protective ammunition (figure 4) consists of a body 8, which houses a warhead, made in the form of a capsule 9, containing a volumetric detonating mixture with an ignition-explosive charge 10, a block of tablets (mini-detonators) 11. The capsule is a thin-walled a glass closed with a lid 12. A fairing 13 is fixed on the lid. A benchmark 14 is screwed onto the bottom of the capsule, which is designed to stabilize and rotate the shell in flight with wings 15 installed at an angle.

The ammunition contains two fuses:

1) Trajectory fuse 16 (Fig. 4) of a temporary or non-contact type, located in its bottom part with a detonator. It is designed to initiate an ignition-bursting charge at a given section of the trajectory.

2) A bottom fuse, inertial action, semi-safety type, with pyrotechnic cocking range retarders 17 (Fig. 4). It is designed to initiate an ignition-bursting charge. Ignition-bursting charge is intended for scattering and ignition of the volume-detonating mixture. The shell 18 with the equipment 20 is mounted on the engine using a collet 21 (Fig. 4). The engine is designed to communicate speed to the ammunition. Powder engine, separated from the ammunition in the barrel with the outflow of a part of the powder gases into the projectile space of the launch container.

The principle of operation of the proposed active protection system is as follows.

After the detection system began to track the target and determine its parameters, the signal from the processing and control system goes to the actuator of the protective container rotary base, which begins to work out targeting in two planes. When using the system in conjunction with the active protection complex, a connection unit is used, which transmits a signal from the detection system of the active protection complex to the information processing system of the active protection system, and then to the weapons system control system (Fig. 5). After aiming at the target, an electrical impulse ignites the gunpowder equipment, excess powder gases are thrown out through the hole in the rear wall.

The force of the flame ignites the propellant charge of the engine 19 (Fig. 4), a part of the propellant gases enters the gas duct, where it slides the collet cover 21, releasing the leaf springs connecting the engine with the ammunition. Gases enter the inner cavity of the container 14, pressing on the bottom of the ammunition, and disperse it through the container. The second part of the gases enters the space between the ammunition and the container 15, balancing the pressure on the contents of the ammunition. Under air pressure, the protective cover is dropped from the container and the ammunition 13 flies out in the direction of the target. At this time, part of the propellant gases exits through the jet opening 16 of the engine, compensating for the recoil force. At the calculated time, a control signal is sent to the fuse of the protective ammunition and it detonates. As a result of the detonation, a cloud of the volume-detonating mixture is formed and it is undermined by microdetonators with the formation of an explosive shock wave. When using protective ammunition with smoke or incendiary-smoke equipment, as a result of detonation, a smoke (aerosol) cloud is formed that disguises the armored object.

The advantage of the active protection system will manifest itself when working together with other systems or complexes of active protection, it consists in increasing the probability of hitting anti-tank ammunition and increasing the affected areas including the upper hemisphere of Fig. 6. When using a remote fuse in a protective ammunition based on the effect of laser radiation, because makes it possible to use an armored object in the laser rangefinder system.

The system can also be used to destroy sheltered fire weapons in the city, in the field and in the mountains, create landscape fires and fires in buildings, structures and warehouses of fuels and lubricants, create smoke screens that dazzle the calculations of fire weapons and unbearable conditions for manpower in various kind of fortifications, shooting at air targets.

Claims (6)

1. The system of active protection of armored objects, consisting of a protective container with launch containers with protective ammunition placed in them, made with the possibility of spreading the guide launch containers at a certain angle relative to each other so that they provide the maximum possible sector of protection of the armored object from anti-tank ammunition installed on a rotating base of a system of drives and levers that provide lifting of the protective container upwards and equipped with vertical and horizontal guidance mechanisms, a radar station for detecting and determining the coordinate parameters of anti-tank ammunition, as well as a block for connecting to an active protection system, an aiming system with drives in horizontal and vertical planes, in addition, each protective ammunition contains two fuses - one contact, the other remote to detonate on the trajectory, the warhead contains a volume-detonating mixture or smoke or igniter no-smoke with an ignition-explosive charge. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of acting on the anti-tank ammunition of excess pressure formed by the volumetric detonating thermobaric protective ammunition. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a connection unit to other complexes or active protection systems, which makes it possible for them to work together. 4. The system according to claim. 1, characterized in that it contains a system of levers connecting the protective container to the rotating base and providing lifting of the protective container in a vertical plane. 5. The system according to claim. 1, characterized in that the launch containers of protective ammunition are made with the possibility of dilution at a certain angle relative to each other to ensure the maximum possible sector of protection of the armored vehicle from anti-tank ammunition. 6. The system of claim. 1, characterized in that the claimed system can use protective, smoke and incendiary-smoke ammunition.

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