RU2734403C1 - Method for feeding broiler chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to a method for broiler chickens feeding. Method is characterized by the fact that in all age periods of chicken growing into the feedstuff one introduces a mixture of rapeseed oil and linseed oil at ratio of 1:1.

EFFECT: invention usage will allow to increase live weight gain and reduce feed consumption.

1 cl, 8 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to a method for feeding broiler chickens.

It is known that vegetable oil is used as a source of feed fat in feeding poultry. The rates for the introduction of vegetable oil into compound feed depend on the species, age and productivity of the bird and range from 1.0 to 8.0%. (Fisinin V.I., Egorov I.A., Okolelova T.M., Imangulov Sh.A. Feeding poultry. - Sergiev Posad: VNITIP, 2003, 360 p .; Recommendations for feeding poultry - Sergiev Posad: RAAS ; ISTC "Plemptitsa"; VNITIP, 2004, 142 p.).

Known feed for poultry (feed) using sunflower and soybean oil in an equal ratio with animal fat when fattening broilers. (Toporkov N.V. The use of various sources of fat when growing broilers // Materials of the third international conference "Poultry farming - world and domestic experience." - M: Pishchepromizdat, 2004, pp. 51-52).

It is known to use rapeseed oil in mixed feeds for broiler chickens in equal proportions and with increased input, instead of sunflower oil. (Maltseva N.A., Yadrischenskaya O.A., Selina TV. The use of rapeseed oil in feeding broiler chickens // Poultry. 2016. No. 7. P. 11-13).

The disadvantage of this method of feeding broiler chickens is that rapeseed oil has a low content of palmitic, stearic linolenic acid, which affects the quality and yield of meat products.

The technical result of the invention is the development of a method for feeding broiler chickens, which makes it possible to improve the quality of meat products, to increase the economic efficiency of raising poultry by increasing live weight and reducing feed costs for its growth.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that feeding broiler chickens includes balanced feed with the addition of rapeseed and flaxseed oil, in a ratio of 1: 1, at all age periods of growing.

The proposed feeding method using a mixture of flaxseed oil with rapeseed oil in a 1: 1 ratio allows improving the quality of meat products by improving the fatty acid composition of broiler chicken carcasses in terms of linolenic acid (omega-3) content, increasing the economic efficiency of growing poultry by increasing live weight and reducing feed costs for its growth, increasing the slaughter yield and increasing the profitability of meat production.

Vegetable oils are not only a rich source of readily available energy, but also the main supplier of biologically active substances - essential fatty acids, in particular linoleic and linolenic acids, which are not synthesized in the body, but should only be supplied with food. Their use provides high commercial qualities of poultry, promotes the development of reproductive organs, increases egg production, improves the incubation qualities of eggs, and accelerates the growth of feathers.

In terms of the content of unsaturated fatty acids, which are an essential (i.e. vital) component of food products, which our body cannot synthesize itself in rapeseed oil, it is contained in a minimal amount compared to a mixture of flaxseed oil with rapeseed oil (1: 1). More important are unsaturated fatty acids: linoleic, linolenic, oleic and palmitoleic. A mixture of linseed oil with rapeseed oil (1: 1) is an absolute leader in comparison with rapeseed oil and the richest source of polyunsaturated fatty acid - linolenic. The content of linolenic acid in the mixture of linseed oil with rapeseed oil (1: 1) was 32.9%, which is 23.3% more than in rapeseed oil. The fatty acid composition of flaxseed oil and oilseed rape are shown in Table 1.

The method of feeding broiler chickens is carried out as follows: 2 groups (control and experimental) of broiler chickens were formed from one day old to 42 days old, according to the experiment scheme (Table 2).

Groups were formed on the basis of analogs. Each chick was individually numbered by tagging with wing rings. All groups were arranged floor by section. The conditions of detention, microclimate parameters, lighting regime, stocking density, feeding and drinking area in all groups were the same.

The use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio in mixed feed for broiler chickens, at all age periods, makes it possible to partially replace rapeseed oil.

The composition and nutritional value of compound feed for broiler chickens in the experimental group were at the same level as the control, except for the content of linoleic acid, which decreased by 1.45%

The main indicators of growing broiler chickens at 42 days of age are presented in Table 3.

The safety of broiler chickens during the growing period was at a high level - 100%. The live weight of broiler chickens in the experimental group is greater than in the control group - by 117 g (5.06%).

Replacing rapeseed oil with a mixture of flaxseed and rapeseed oils (1: 1) contributed to a decrease in the average daily feed consumption by 2.8 g (3.01%). Feed consumption per 1 kg of live weight gain in broilers in the control group was 1.72 kg, in the experimental group it was less - by 7.56%.

One of the main generalizing indicators of meat production of broiler chickens is the productivity index, the calculation of which takes into account the main indicators - average daily growth, livestock safety and feed conversion. The use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio in mixed feed for broilers increases the European productivity index by 44 units. compared with the control group where it was 320 units.

In order to clarify the specificity of the action of vegetable oils on the meat productivity of broilers, control slaughter and anatomical cutting were carried out, according to the results of which it was established that the studied oils had a positive effect on the indicators of meat productivity (Table 4).

It was found that the broilers of the experimental group exceeded the control one in terms of gutted carcass weight - by 80.4 g (4.9%), in slaughter yield - by 3.6%, in terms of the weight of edible parts - by 65.8 g (4.58% ), in terms of the total muscle mass by 51.2 g (5.0)%.

When using a mixture of linseed oil with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio, the chemical composition of muscle tissue changed (Table 5).

In the white meat of the broilers in the experimental group, in comparison with the control, there was more dry matter - by 0.20%, protein by 1.09% and fat by 0.06%.

Indicators of the content of dry matter, protein and fat in red meat of broilers in the experimental group increased by 1.25, 0.89 and 0.36%, respectively, compared with the indicators of the control group.

In general, it is observed that the use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio in mixed feed for broilers contributes to the growth of their muscle mass, an increase in the percentage of dry matter, protein in muscles and a decrease in the amount of moisture.

The nutritional and palatability of poultry meat is largely determined by the amount and quality of fat (table 6, 7). The biological value of broiler fat is characterized by a high content of essential fatty acids - linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic, palmitic, etc.

In the internal fat of broiler chicken carcasses of the experimental group (a mixture of linseed oil with rapeseed oil (1: 1)), in comparison with the control group (rapeseed oil), the content of saturated fatty acids increases by 0.43%, of unsaturated fatty acids - by 4.37% ...

In the internal fat of broiler carcasses fed compound feed using a mixture of linseed oil with rapeseed oil in a 1: 1 ratio, compared with the control group (rapeseed oil), there was more linolenic acid - by 11.51% and less linoleic acid - by 0.42 %. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (omega-6) to linolenic acid (omega-3) is more optimal in the production of the experimental group 2: 1, while in the control group it is 7: 1.

The fatty acid composition of the subcutaneous fat of broiler chicken carcasses with the use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio compared to the addition of rapeseed oil increased the content of saturated fatty acids by 0.94% and unsaturated ones by 4.90%.

The subcutaneous fat of the carcass of broiler chickens in the experimental group contained 3.37% less monounsaturated fatty acids compared to the control (rapeseed oil). A more optimal ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid (omega-6) to linolenic acid (omega-3) was found in the production of the experimental group 2: 1, when as in the control group it was 5: 1.

The use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio instead of a part of rapeseed in the feed of the experimental group of broilers has a positive effect on the taste of the finished product. During the tasting of boiled meat and broth, high taste qualities of broth and boiled meat were noted in the experimental group.

The overall broth score in the control group was 4.2 points; in the experimental group, the broth quality was 0.20 points higher. In the boiled meat of the leg and pectoral muscles of broilers in the control group, the score was 4.40 and 4.20 points, in the experimental group it was higher by 0.44 and 0.09 points, due to the more optimal ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the product.

The use of a mixture of flaxseed oils with rapeseed in a 1: 1 ratio in broiler chicken feed contributed to an increase in the economic efficiency of growing (Table 8).

Due to the receipt of more proceeds from the sale of meat in the experimental group and lower costs for its production, an additional profit of 62 rubles was obtained. for 1 head of raised poultry. The profitability of broiler meat production in the experimental group exceeded the control by 16%.

The proposed feeding method using a mixture of flaxseed oil with rapeseed oil in a 1: 1 ratio allows partially replacing the input of rapeseed oil in the composition of mixed fodders, increasing the average daily gain in live weight by 2.7 g or 5.00%, and reducing feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain. mass by 0.13 kg or 7.56%, increase the slaughter yield by 3.6%, improve the fatty acid composition of broiler chicken carcasses in terms of the content of linolenic acid (omega-3) by 11.51% and increase the profitability of meat production by 16.00%.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding broiler chickens, characterized by the fact that at all age periods of growing chickens, a mixture of rapeseed and flaxseed oils is introduced into the compound feed in a ratio of 1: 1.