RU2732699C1 - Device for individual protection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine, namely to an individual protection device. Device comprises a device for protection of respiratory organs and oral cavity and isolation of vision organs, made in the form of a cap. Device has appliance for fastening relative to user's head with fastening elements with possibility of adjustment of length and fixation of ends between each other. Device includes device for supply of cleaned air, which includes fan with power supply. Cap is made of transparent polymer material and is equipped with a hole in the upper part, below which a bowl-shaped element is fixed, guiding air flow inside the cap from top to bottom. Indicator of visual observation in the form of petals is fixed on the lower contour of the cap. Above the opening there is a device for supply of treated cleaned air, which is made in the form of a unit including a fan and a replaceable detachable filter. Unit is equipped with nozzles with thread at the end for connection with additional equipment for air treatment connected by means of a hose. Attachment for attachment relative to user's head is fixed with clearance relative to inner surface of cap by means of damping elements and is made in the form of a rim connected to fixation elements relative to the parietal part of the user's head, made in the form of two semicircles.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency of protection of respiratory organs and eye mucosa and user's mouth, broader functional capabilities and damping of vibration caused by fan operation.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to devices designed for individual protection of the upper respiratory tract and organs of vision from bacterial and / or viral contaminants, including coronavirus infection, preventing infection with airborne infection and various pathogenic microorganisms, reducing catarrhal phenomena in acute respiratory disease (ARI) and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract and organs of vision, as well as harmful impurities such as dust, aerosols, etc., and can be used in medicine in conditions of epidemics and pandemics, as well as in industry and at home when performing work related to air pollution with dust particles, paint or other fine substances.

A device for respiratory protection is known, containing a device for supplying purified air, a replaceable device for air purification and fastening elements relative to the user's head (see the description of the invention to patent No. 2187232 "Treatment mask", IPC A41D 13/11, A61B 19/00 publ. 20.08.2002.).

The device for supplying purified air is made in the form of a mask and a belt with fastening elements relative to the user's head. The belt consists of two halves, one end of which is rigidly fixed to the mask, and the other is equipped with fastening elements - Velcro for the possibility of adjusting and fixing the ends relative to each other. The mask is made with a hole and a protrusion designed to put on a removable hollow plastic case for inserting filtering substances, consisting of two separable halves, having holes on both sides.

In the known device there is no protection for mucous eyes, there is no active supply of purified air, which makes it difficult to inhale through the filter, creating inconvenience during prolonged use of the device, and thereby reducing the time of use. Prolonged and tight adhesion of the device to the skin causes irritation and does not completely prevent the possibility of infection, since tightness in this anatomical region is difficult to achieve.

A device for respiratory protection is known, containing a device for supplying purified air, a removable device for air purification and attachment elements relative to the user's head (see the description of the utility model for patent No. 94 421 "Individual filter mask", IPC A41D 13/11, publ. 05/27/2010.).

The known device consists of a mask, the body of which is made of rubber or plastic, and an elastic belt with fastening elements in the form of a buckle relative to the user's head with the possibility of adjusting and fixing the ends relative to each other. Along the perimeter, the body fits snugly to the face and covers the mouth and nose and covers the chin. Near the mouth and nose, the body of the mask has a free volume, in which the device for air purification is located, it consists of a ring board with LEDs emitting bactericidal light fluxes and a tubular case, the inner space of which is filled with filter material. Light fluxes of LEDs are directed towards each other, i.e. inside the ring plate and penetrate the air entering the inside of the mask body.

On the side, on a belt on an inelastic platform, there is a power supply unit with a switch that supplies the electrical circuit, which can be a rechargeable battery or replaceable batteries.

The filtering materials include cotton wool, felt, gauze (several layers of gauze bandage), filter paper, activated carbon used in insulating gas masks.

The disadvantage of the known device is the low bactericidal efficiency of the mask due to the impossibility of setting in the mask the number of LEDs providing the volumetric dose of bactericidal radiation required for inactivation. The LED is practically a point emitter and, without additional reflectors and diffusers, emits only in one direction, therefore, to create a uniform flow of ultraviolet radiation of sufficient intensity, even more LEDs will be required, and, consequently, a more powerful energy source, which complicates and increases the cost of the device.

In the known device there is no protection for mucous eyes, there is no active supply of purified air, which makes it difficult to inhale through the filter, creating inconvenience during prolonged use of the device, thereby reducing the time of use. Prolonged and tight adhesion of the device to the skin causes irritation and does not completely prevent the possibility of infection, since tightness in this anatomical region is difficult to achieve. Exhalation is carried out into the same space from which the user takes in (inhaled) air, which ultimately leads to an increase in the titer of microorganisms in the inhaled air in the infected patient.

Known is a device for respiratory protection containing a device for supplying purified air, a replaceable device for air purification and attachment elements relative to the user's head (see the description of the utility model for patent No. 173502 "Protective medical mask", IPC A41D 13/11, publ. 29.08 .2017.).

The mask contains a body with attachment means on the face of the mask wearer, and a bactericidal chamber in the front face of the body. The germicidal chamber is equipped with an input filter and an ultraviolet (UV) radiation source located inside the chamber and connected to a power supply unit. The UV radiation source is made in the form of a small-sized amalgam gas-discharge lamp. The inner surface of the germicidal chamber is made of a material that reflects UV radiation. A partition made of a material transparent to UV radiation is installed inside the chamber. At the outlet of the germicidal chamber, there is an air filter made of a material that absorbs UV radiation.

In the known device there is no protection for mucous eyes, there is no active supply of purified air, which makes it difficult to inhale through the filter, creating inconvenience during prolonged use of the device, thereby reducing the time of use. Prolonged and tight adhesion of the device to the skin causes irritation and does not completely prevent the possibility of infection, since tightness in this anatomical region is difficult to achieve. The presence of a UV block, at this location, does not exclude its effect on the skin in the area of the skin and mouth, which can cause UV burns of the skin and, in some cases, stimulate carcinogenesis. In addition, the filter introduces additional resistance to the flow of inhaled air.

A device for respiratory protection is known, taken as a prototype, containing a device for attaching relative to the user's head, a device for isolating the respiratory system in the form of a vision isolation device made of transparent, polymeric material, a device for supplying purified air with an air regeneration system and a fan (see description inventions to patent No. 2505325, IPC А62В 7/00, publ. 27.01.2014.).

The known device is intended for respiratory protection, comprising an air regeneration system with a regenerative product and a respiratory isolation unit in the form of a cap and / or mask and intended for use in an emergency (emissions of harmful substances, explosions, fires, etc.).

The device for fastening relative to the user's head is made in the form of a helmet, the device for isolating the respiratory organs is made in the form of a cap made by welding from sheets of fluoroplastic film, and the device for isolating vision (eyes) is in the form of a visor with a window.

In the lower part of the cap, there is a neck seal to prevent air leakage from the environment. The seal is made of latex or soft molded rubber in the form of a washer with a slot for venting a part of the excess pressure of the gaseous medium from the cap. One or more shells with a regenerative product and a fan connected to a 9 V power supply unit of the "Krona" Duracell type are fixed on the bell wall.

The known device is intended to protect the user from various toxic gases, aerosols and dust when working with various additional protective equipment and cannot be used to protect against bacteria coming from the environment during breathing, which is a disadvantage of the known device.

In addition, the disadvantages of the known device include:

- lack of the possibility of antibacterial air treatment and the possibility of connecting additional functional modules (UV module, inhalation, moisturizing, antibacterial), which narrows its functionality;

- the lack of the possibility of creating a directed air flow, as a result of which the user breathes partially with exhaust air;

- a significant mass of the device due to the welded, prefabricated structure of the helmet and cap, which is a limited time for using the filter, which is a contraindication for use during mass epidemics and pandemics;

- the presence of vibration due to the absence of compensating elements for fastening the fan.

The technical problem and result of the present invention is to increase the reliability and efficiency of protection of the respiratory organs and mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth of the user by ensuring the stability of the supply of a constant flow of air that has been cleaned, as well as expanding the functionality due to the use of antibacterial, antiviral, an anti-dust or anti-allergic filter, using, if necessary, a UV and / or a moisturizing and / or inhalation unit, as well as due to a stable fit of a helmet made of elastic rods with the ability to adjust relative to the user's head and with the possibility of damping vibration arising from the operation of the fan

The specified technical result is achieved in that the device for personal protection contains a device for protecting the respiratory organs and mucous membranes of the eye and mouth in the form of a cap, a device for attaching relative to the user's head, a device for isolating the organs of vision from a transparent material, a device for supplying purified air in the form of a fan with a power source, while the device for fastening relative to the user's head is made in the form of a rim rigidly connected to elements in the form of semicircles for fixing relative to the parietal part of the head, consisting of two parts, the ends of which are equipped with fastening elements with the possibility of adjusting and fixing the length, and fixed with a gap relative to the inner surface of the cap by means of damping elements, while the cap is made in the upper part with an opening, below which a cup-shaped element is fixed, directing the air flow inside the cap, along the lower contour of which There are indicator petals for visual observation of the operation of the device, and above the opening there is a device for supplying purified processed air made in the form of a block with a replaceable removable filter, while the block is equipped with threaded fittings at the end for connection by means of a hose with additional connected air treatment equipment. The device is made of transparent polymer material. An air filter "HEPA" or antibacterial or antiviral or anti-dust or anti-allergenic filter is used as a filter. As an additional equipment, a UV treatment unit and / or a humidifying and / or inhalation unit is used. Damping elements are made in the form of springs or elastic material. The fastening elements relative to the user's head are made in the form of a Velcro fastener or Velcro.

The known device is intended for individual bactericidal treatment of air entering the respiratory system from the environment, after preliminary cleaning (treatment), which does not allow bacteria and viruses to develop.

The proposed device is illustrated by drawings, where: FIG. 1 shows the device, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, side view.

The device for protecting the respiratory organs and mucous membranes of the eye and oral cavity is made in the form of a cap 1 made of transparent polymeric material with an opening in the upper part for the flow of purified and processed air into the device (the opening is not shown in the drawing).

On the inner side of the cap 1, by means of suspensions 2, a cup-shaped element 3 is rigidly fixed, directing the air flow, made of any rigid polymer material.

In the middle part of the cap 1, with a gap relative to its walls, there is a device for attaching the device relative to the user's head (headband) made in the form of a rim 4, connected to elements in the form of semicircles 5 and 6 for fixing the device relative to the parietal part of the head with the possibility of volume adjustment heads. The rim 4 and the semicircles 5 and 6 are made of elastic material, and consist of two parts, the ends of which are equipped with fastening elements with the possibility of adjusting their length and fixing the ends to each other. The fastening elements can be made, for example, in the form of a fastener or Velcro "Velcro tape" (elements for adjustment are not shown in the drawing).

The bottom of the cup-shaped element 3 and the semicircles 5 and 6 are interconnected by a damping element 7 made in the form of a spring or spongy (elastic) material to damp possible vibration from the device for supplying purified air.

Damping elements 8 are fixed crosswise between the cap 1 and the rim 4, forming a gap between the inner surface of the cap and the device for attaching relative to the user's head (headband), excluding the cap 1 from adhering to the user's head and providing air flow from top to bottom.

On the lower contour of the cap 1, indicator petals 9 made of polypropylene film are fixed for visual observation of the operation of the device.

In the upper part of the hood 1 above the hole, by means of the device 10, a replaceable unit for supplying purified air is fixed, consisting of a filter 11 and a fan 12 for blowing air into the hood 1. Fan 12 is equipped with a replaceable power source 13, which can be a rechargeable battery or replaceable batteries depending on the fan power. The power supply can be attached to the outside of the cap 1 in any known way.

Depending on the conditions and purpose of using the device, air filters "HEPA", antibacterial, anti-virus, anti-dust or anti-allergenic, etc. can be used.

The replaceable unit for supplying the treated air is equipped with threaded fittings 14 at the end for connection, if necessary, by means of a screw-on hose 15 with additional connected equipment 16 necessary for processing atmospheric air, for example, a UV treatment unit and / or humidifying and / or inhalation unit, placed for example, in a bag-container made of the size necessary to accommodate additional equipment, which the user carries with him on a waist or shoulder belt.

The device works as follows.

Depending on the contamination zone or the place of use of the device, it is first collected, namely, a filter 11, a fan 12, a power source 13. If necessary, additional equipment 16 (UV treatment unit and / or humidifying unit, and / or inhalation), which is placed in a backpack.

Then the device is put on the user's head, adjusting the length of the rim 4 and semicircles 5 and 6 by adjusting the length and fixing the ends using fastening elements, for example, a fastener or Velcro tape.

When the power supply 13 is turned on, the fan 12 begins to pump atmospheric air into the filter 11, where the air is purified and processed. If necessary, a hose 15 is screwed onto the fitting 14 and a unit 16 (UV treatment and / or humidifying and / or inhalation) is connected to it, thereby expanding the functionality of the device for purifying and processing atmospheric air. The purified and treated air is pumped into the hood 1, inhaled by the user and goes beyond the hood 1. The air flow is monitored visually by the position of the indicator petals 9, which are located outside the hood 1 at the moment of air current (supply), and when the power supply fails (the battery runs out), and / or breakdowns of the fan, petals 9 are drawn into the cap 1.

The proposed device is intended for personal protection of the respiratory and mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth of the user from various kinds of viruses and bacteria that are carried by airborne droplets, for example, with influenza, acute respiratory diseases caused by various kinds of viruses, with diseases caused by bacteria, from allergenic substances in the air and causing allergic diseases, as well as industrial dust in the air and climatic conditions.

The proposed device can be used by a healthy person in an "aggressive" environment (in rooms infected with various viruses, bacteria, in production in dusty rooms).

The proposed device can be used by a sick person using an anti-allergenic filter and / or inhalation unit.

The device can be used by people suffering from an increased degree of allergic excitability, for example, to pollen, poplar fluff, etc. protect the mucous membranes of the eyes (strong dusty premises, infectious wards of medical hospitals, etc.).

The proposed device can be widely used for air disinfection for various groups of consumers from medical workers to ordinary people. It can be easily removed and put on. The device can be used both in various rooms and outside them (outdoors).

Claims (4)

1. A device for personal protection, containing a device for protection of the respiratory and oral cavity and isolation of the organs of vision, made in the form of a cap, a device for attaching relative to the user's head with fastening elements with the ability to adjust the length and fix the ends to each other, a device for supplying purified air, including a fan with a power source, characterized in that the cap is made of a transparent polymer material and is provided with a hole in the upper part, below which a cup-shaped element is fixed, directing the air flow inside the cap from top to bottom, a visual observation indicator in the form of petals is fixed along the lower contour of the cap, and above the hole - a device for supplying purified processed air, made in the form of a block that includes a fan and a removable removable filter, while the block is equipped with threaded fittings at the end for connection with additional equipment for air handling, connected by hose, while the attachment device relative to the user's head is fixed with a gap relative to the inner surface of the cap by means of damping elements and is made in the form of a rim connected to the fixing elements relative to the parietal part of the user's head, made in the form of two semicircles. 2. A device for personal protection according to claim 1, characterized in that an air filter "HEPA", or antibacterial, or anti-dust, or anti-allergenic, is used as a filter. 3. A device for personal protection according to claim 1, characterized in that a UV treatment unit or a humidifying or inhalation unit is used as additional equipment for air treatment. 4. A device for personal protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping elements are made in the form of springs or elastic material.

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