RU2732072C1 - Local system for automatic control of diesel generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electric power generation systems. In local system of automatic control of diesel-generator there is additionally installed module of control and protection of diesel-generator, having inputs, to which protective means of diesel-generator are connected. Diesel generator control and protection module is connected to processor module, analogue and discrete input modules, data transmission buses local control device. Analogue input modules are made in the form of voltage-frequency converters. On the diesel-generator there installed are sensors for measurement and control of emergency alarm signalling of the diesel-generator, the output of each of which is connected to one of the inputs of the corresponding module of analogue and discrete input.EFFECT: technical result consists in automation of all control processes of diesel-generator, its protection in emergency situations.5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The local automatic control system of a diesel generator refers to the electric power industry, more precisely, to systems for automatic control of power generation devices, including ship automatic control systems for a diesel generator.

A local automatic control system for a diesel generator (LSUDG) is understood as an automatic control system that includes a set of devices designed to automatically change and (or) control the parameters of a diesel generator, associated with other automatic control systems that are part of a single diesel generator control system.

In connection with the specifics of operation, special requirements are imposed on ship automatic control systems for a diesel generator, including local automatic control systems for a diesel generator. LSUDG should operate stably and not have failures, false alarms when exposed to external constant and alternating magnetic fields, ensure trouble-free operation in any modes continuously or with stops, starts, turns on and off necessary for the operating conditions.

Known intelligent protection device for a diesel installation, shown in the patent RU 98484 from 20.10.2010 F02D 41/26 (2006.01), intended for emergency protection of the engine, in particular, a marine diesel installation, containing a protection module, a power source, a "Start" button, an electric valve emergency stop, starter solenoid valve, toothed flywheel. The device provides protection of the diesel unit from overshoot, diagnostics of engine protection, emergency protection and the ability to change the control parameters of the diesel unit.

A known power supply system for a marine vessel (US 9209732 dated 12/08/2015 V63N 23/24 (2006.01), F02D 29/06 (2006.01)), containing a measurement unit configured to measure the parameter of electrical power generated by the generator, a control unit configured to control voltage and protection in the power supply system of the vessel from its fluctuations.

US patent 20110295436 dated 05/27/2010 Н02Р 9/04 describes an engine-generator control module that provides voltage regulation, engine control, engine-generator diagnostics, self-test function, meter control, engine protection through a loss sensor in a tachometer, speed overload detection , backfeed protection with time delay adjustment, automatic synchronization, start, load control. This module provides automatic control of the engine-generator. However, in the control of the engine-generator, manual (local) control is not provided, and, accordingly, a remote control for such control. Control and protection of a limited number of engine-generator control processes is provided, among which, for example, there is no control of oil transfer pumps, heaters and control over these processes.

Known is an automated control system for a diesel generator of a power plant, described in the utility model RU 75178 dated 07/27/2008 B63H 23/06 (2006.01), F02D 41/00 (2006.01), containing a control panel, an interface module, a microcontroller module, a read-only memory module, a diesel generator speed control module, an analog-to-digital converter, a relay signal module, an automatic generator with an electromagnetic drive, an engine speed sensor, a diesel actuator, analog sensors of diesel and generator operating parameters, discrete sensors of diesel and generator operating parameters. At the same time, the automated control system of the power plant's diesel generator does not contain elements of warning and protection against emergency situations.

The purpose of this invention is to create a local automatic control system for a diesel generator, which provides automation of all control processes of a diesel generator, control and protection in emergency situations.

The essence of the invention, as a technical solution, is expressed in a set of essential features sufficient to achieve the technical result provided by the invention.

The technical result is provided by the fact that in the local automatic control system of a diesel generator, means of automation of control processes, measurement of parameters, protection of a diesel generator in emergency situations are used.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a local automatic control system of a diesel generator, which includes a power supply device, a local control device, an automatic control device including a processor module, discrete input modules, discrete output modules providing reception of signals from an integrated control system technical means, electronic speed controller, excitation control system and voltage regulation, or issuing signals to them, receiving signals from the local control device, issuing signals to a complex switchgear connected to the processor module by data transmission buses, differs in that the automatic control, in addition, a diesel generator control and protection module is installed, which has a plurality of inputs, each of which is connected to one of a plurality of diesel generator protection means configured with a plurality of analog and discrete input modules, when The input of each of them is connected to the output of the corresponding sensor of the set of measuring and control devices for the emergency warning alarm installed on the diesel generator. In addition, the diesel generator control and protection module is connected to the analog and discrete input modules by a data bus. In addition, the analog input modules are designed as voltage - frequency converters.

In addition, the diesel generator monitoring and protection module and the processor module are linked by a data bus.

In addition, the diesel generator control and protection module and the local control unit are linked by a data bus.

Below is a preferred embodiment of the invention on a ship.

The control design of a diesel generator (DG) is illustrated by the following figures:

in fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a local automatic control system for a diesel generator (LSUDG) of a vessel;

in fig. 2 - power supply device design;

in fig. 3-design of the automatic control device;

in fig. 4 - design of the local control device

in fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a local automatic control system for a diesel generator (LSUDG) of a vessel without a local control device.

FIG. 1 shows:

1 - power supply device (PP);

2 - automatic control device (PAU);

3 - local control device (PMU);

4 - control unit BU1;

5 - control unit BU2;

6 - processor module (MP);

7 - discrete input module (DV);

8 - discrete output module (MB);

9 - diesel generator control and protection module (КИЗДГ);

10 - analog input module (AB);

11 - touchscreen display;

12 - an integrated control system for the technical means of the ship (KSU TS);

13 - complex switchgear (KRU);

14 - electronic regulator of the crankshaft rotation frequency of the diesel generator of the diesel generator (ER ChV);

15 - control system for excitation and voltage regulation (SUViRN);

16 - a set of diesel generator protection means;

17 - set of measuring and control devices for emergency warning signaling (APS);

FIG. 2 shows:

18 - rotary mounting panel;

19 - door.

FIG. 3 shows:

20 - cassettes of the control unit BUT,

21 - cassettes of the BU2 control unit;

22 - fusible links;

23 - voltage indicator lamp.

FIG. 4 shows:

24 - lock;

25 - signal lamp;

26 - start button;

27 - stop button;

28 - emergency stop button;

29 - button for control of the crankshaft rotation frequency;

30 - protective cover;

31 - buzzer;

32 - power switch;

33 - control station switch;

34 - switch for oil transfer pump control (MPN);

35 - switch for controlling the oil transfer pump of hot reserve (MPN of hot reserve);

36 - generator load control switch;

37 - control panel.

The power supply of the LSUDG on the vessel is carried out from a three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz with a voltage of 380V without neutral (main power supply) and a backup DC network with a voltage of 24V (backup power supply). The transfer of the LSUDG from the main power supply to the backup power supply is carried out by the power supply device 1 (PP), and does not lead to failures (does not require a reboot) and changes in the DG operation mode. Power supply of the LSUDG when starting the diesel generator can be produced from the battery pack included in the backup DC network, when using the diesel generator controlled by the LSU as the main power source.

The PP converts a three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz with a voltage of 380V into a direct current with a voltage of 24V, its distribution and switching for power supply of device 2 (PAU), device 3 (GTMU), and DG equipment interacting with the LSU. The PP contains automatic switches and fuse inserts to protect consumers from short-circuit currents, a light alarm that indicates the presence of a supply voltage at the inputs.

PP, in accordance with FIG. 2, is a wall-mounted electrical cabinet with a rotary mounting panel 19, door 20.

Device 2 (PAU) (Fig. 3) performs the functions of automatic control of the LSU, emergency warning alarm, then APS, and protection of the DG. The PAU includes control unit 4 (BU1), control unit 5 (BU2). The power supply of the PAH is carried out from the PP through two 24V DC feeders. Each feeder is short-circuit protected. One of the feeders provides power to the control unit BU1, the other feeder provides power to the control unit BU2. The presence of voltage in the feeders is indicated by indicator lamps 23 located on the upper cover of the PAH.

On buses of serial data transmission Modbus (in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 buses of serial data Modbus are highlighted by a thick line) PAU provides data exchange with PMU, KSUTS, ERCHV, SUViRN. The input and output signals coming to the PAH from the switchgear, KSUTS, SUViRN, ERCHV, devices installed on the DG are used to execute the algorithm for starting, normal operation, stopping and monitoring the parameters of the APS system and DG protection. KSUTS, located at the central post, contains visualization, control and management tools for the operation of the LSUDG.

The control unit BU1 includes a processor module (MP) 6, discrete input modules (DV) 7, discrete output modules (MB) 8, which receive signals from the PP, KRU, KSUTS, SUViRN, ERCHV. The processor module (PM) provides data exchange via Modbus serial data buses with BU2, KRU, KSUTS, SUViRN, ERCHV, DV, MP modules. The MP carries out mathematical processing of the received information in accordance with the DG control algorithm.

The BU2 control unit includes a diesel generator control and protection module 9 (KiZDG module), analog input modules 10 (AB), discrete input modules 11 (DV), which provide reception of analog and discrete signals from sensors installed on the diesel generator. The analog input modules are made in the form of voltage-to-frequency converters that convert an analog signal based on amplitude fluctuations into a signal based on frequency fluctuations.

Such a conversion provides a high suppression ratio for sinusoidal noise 50-60 Hz, short impulse noise (up to 10 μs) and conversion linearity no worse than 0.01%. The KiZDG module provides signal exchange via the Modbus serial data bus with the MP processor module of the BU1 control unit, via the Modbus serial data bus with analog and discrete signal modules of the BU2 control unit, and via the Modbus serial data bus with a local control device. The KiZDG module carries out mathematical processing of signals received from analog and discrete input modules and APS signal generation modules, signals from a set of DG protection equipment.

Automatic control device 2, (PAU), fig. 3, is made in the form of an electrical cabinet with cassettes 20, 21 installed in it, on which modules BU1 and BU2 are located, respectively, as well as fuse links 22 and voltage indicator lamps 23.

Local control device 3 (PMU), Fig. 4, is part of the local control station of the LSUDG and is located in the required place on the ship. PMU is a wall-mounted electrical cabinet, closed by a door. A touch screen 11 and a control panel 37 are built into the door. The DG is controlled from the local control station by means of the PMU. PMU provides an overview and registration of the parameters of the LSU and DG according to the agreed control algorithms. The storage time for the registered parameters is 30 days.

PMU provides:

- power on, power off switch 32;

- selection of a control post (central, local) with switch 33;

- starting the diesel generator;

- stop DG;

- emergency shutdown of the diesel generator;

- signaling acknowledgment;

- unlocking systems;

- increasing or decreasing the engine speed;

- switching of the control mode of the oil circulation pump (automatic, manual);

- turning on and off the oil circulation pump (MPN);

- switching of control modes for diesel generator heaters (automatic, manual);

- turning on and off generator heaters (NG);

- switching of the control mode of the hot reserve oil pump (automatic, manual);

- turning on and off the hot reserve oil circulation pump.

The touch screen 11 displays information provided by the engine control algorithm. Buzzer 31 and warning lamps 25 signal the output of the monitored parameter (s) outside the permissible range and (or) the occurrence of an emergency. Details of what triggered the alarm can be viewed on the touchscreen display. The power switch 32 is designed to turn on or off the LSUDG. The control station switch 33 is designed to transfer control of the DG to the PAH or PMU. Switches 34, 35 control the oil transfer pump and the diesel hot reserve oil transfer pump, respectively. The generator load is controlled by switches 36.

DG 37 control panel controls:

- start - button 26;

- stop - by button 27;

- emergency stop - button 28;

- changing the crankshaft speed - using buttons 29.

Button 28 "emergency stop" is protected from accidental activation by cover 30.

The system works as follows.

After switching on for no more than 60 s, the KiZDG module checks the serviceability of the equipment, sensors, communication lines with analog signal sensors and the integrity of the generator windings, diesel actuators, and, in the absence of blocking signals, issues the corresponding command to the MP, and the MP issues the message “ Ready to start. " If the KiZDG module detects a malfunction and (or) a blocking signal, the MP issues a message "LSU malfunction" with a decoding of the probable cause of the malfunction and (or) a "Start inhibit" message with an indication of the parameter. The continuation of the LSUDG operation in this case is possible after the malfunction has been eliminated.

When the engine is stopped and the generator stator core temperature is below 15 ° C, the KiZDG module turns on the generator heaters (NG)

and displays the message "On. generator heaters "on the PMU display, if the LSUDG is in automatic control mode. The KiZDG module turns off the generator heaters and removes the message “On. generator heaters "when the LSUDG receives a signal to start the diesel generator. The oil transfer pump MPN from the PMU is switched on for 60 s before starting the diesel generator, the MPN of the diesel is turned off when the rotation speed of 200 rpm is reached. With manual control of the diesel generator, the heaters of the generator and the diesel engine MPN are controlled manually from the PMU.

When the command "START" is given from the KSUTS, in the case of automatic control, and from the PMU, in the case of manual control, the KiZDG module checks for the presence of signals about the position of the barring mechanism in engagement, the position of the diesel limit switch, about the absence of rotation of the barring mechanism of the diesel generator, about ERChV malfunction, about the position of the MPN switch in the "MANUAL" position, about the presence of a blocked APS protection, about receiving a signal from the ERChV about an emergency stop, about a call from the operator from the SUViRN, about a ban on starting from the KSUTS, about "Emergency field blanking" from KRU, about the position of the switch NG in the position MANUAL. In the presence of one or several signals from the KiZDG module, the MP sends to the KSUTS, as well as to the PMU display, the message "Start blocking" with a decoding of the reason. In the absence of interlocks and the presence of a message from the ERChV "Ready for operation", the MP issues the message "Ready to start" in the KSUTS, KRU, as well as on the display of the PMU, issues messages "Pre-start operations" in the KSUTS, as well as on the display of the PMU, and turns off the heaters generator. During start-up, the KiZDG module turns off the APS system.

Upon receipt of the signal "No cranking" from the ERChV, the MP removes the signal "Pre-start operations", turns on the emergency indication, issues to the KSUTS, as well as to the display of the PMU, the message "No cranking" and blocks the start until the cause of the malfunction is clarified.

After the message "Start" from the ERChV, the MP issues to the KSUTS, as well as to the display of the PMU, the message "Start", when the speed reaches 850 rpm. sends the message “Ready for excitation” to the PMU display, and the command “Switch on excitation” to the SUViRN. After 10 seconds after issuing the signal "Enable excitation", if the MP detects the absence of the signal "Excitation on" from the SUViRN, removes the signal "Enable excitation" in the SUViRN and issues the message "Excitation is disabled", turns on the alarm indication "Loss of excitation", issues a message “Loss of excitation” in KSUTS, completes start operations.

Upon receipt of the "Excitation on" signal from the SUViRN and reaching the rated speed of 1000 rpm, the KiZDG module includes a set of measuring and control devices for the automatic fire alarm, the MP removes the Start message, issues the message “Ready to start” to the KSUTS, KRU, and also to the PMU display. receiving load ". After receiving a signal from the switchgear to turn on the load breaker "VN is on", the MP removes the message "Ready to receive the load" and issues the signals "VN on" to the SUViRN and ERCHV and the message "DG is running" in the KSUTS, KRU, as well as on the PMU display.

Upon receipt of the “No start” signal from the ERChV, the MP issues a “No start” message to the KSUTS and also to the PMU display, turns on the emergency indication, blocks the generator's restart until the causes of the failed start are clarified and eliminated, the command “Turn on excitation” is removed from the SUViRN, removes the "Start" signal, completes the start operations.

Upon receipt of the signal "Emergency field blanking" from the KSUTS, the MP forwards this signal to the SUViRN, issues commands to stop the DG and removes the "Excitation on" signal.

If the value of the nominal power generated by the DG is exceeded, the KiZDG module through the MP sends the message "Overload" to the TCS TC.

When the DG is operating and the signal "Field quenching" is received from the KSUTS, the MP removes the signal "Switch on excitation" transmitted to the SUViRN.

The use of the present invention in the proposed embodiment provides:

- automation of all control processes of a diesel generator, its protection in emergency situations.

- the use of built-in warning alarm;

- the use of built-in alarm and executive elements for emergency stop of the diesel generator;

- functional independence of the automatic control and monitoring and protection units of the diesel generator;

- application of a system of indexing of controlled parameters;

- construction of diagrams of controlled parameters in real time;

- uploading historical data to a personal computer;

- connection of remote control posts;

- changing the alarm settings (if necessary) in real time without the use of special tools (programmers).

Another embodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 5, which shows a block diagram of an LSUDG vessel without a local control device that provides manual control of the LSUDG. In this case, the work of LSUDG is carried out only in automatic mode. The visualization of the control and monitoring processes of the LSUDG operation is carried out in the KSUTS equipped with visualization, control and management tools. This solution makes it possible to exclude or restrict the participation of the ship's crew members in the control of the diesel generator.

In another embodiment of the utility model, the local automatic control system of the diesel generator does not include a local control device, and, accordingly, there are no electrical connections with it. In this case, the work of LSUDG is carried out only in automatic mode. To control and monitor the operation of LSUDG, KSUTS is connected to a remote access device, for example, via GLONASS or GPRS.

Of course, the above options, as well as other possible options, are special cases of the invention and in no way limit its application.

Claims (5)

1. A local automatic control system for a diesel generator, which includes a power supply device, a local control device, an automatic control device containing a processor module, discrete input modules, discrete output modules that receive signals from an integrated hardware control system, electronic speed regulator, excitation control system and voltage regulation, or issuing signals to them, receiving signals from a local control device, issuing signals to a complex switchgear connected to the processor module by a data transmission bus, characterized in that in the automatic control device, in addition, a diesel generator control and protection module is installed, which has many inputs, each of which is connected to one of the many diesel generator protection means, configured with a variety of analog and discrete input modules, while the input of each of them is connected to the outputs ode of the corresponding sensor of the set of measuring and control devices for the emergency warning alarm system installed on the diesel generator. 2. The local automatic control system of a diesel generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the module for monitoring and protecting the diesel generator is connected to the analog and discrete input modules by a data transmission bus. 3. The local automatic control system of a diesel generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the analog input modules are made in the form of voltage-frequency converters. 4. The local automatic control system of a diesel generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the diesel generator control and protection module and the processor module are connected by a data transmission bus. 5. The local automatic control system of the diesel generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the diesel generator control and protection module and the local control device are connected by a data transmission bus.

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