RU2724976C1 - Method of forming uniform equisignal direction in mirror antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to antennas or antenna systems with variable orientation of the beam pattern and can be used to form a signal direction in radio systems of auto-tracking of high-speed aircrafts and objects. Passive scatterers controlled from the control unit are installed on the reflecting surface of the reflector in order to form a uniform signal direction in the mirror antenna. Implementation of the invention does not require application of special antenna feeders and provides possibility of multiple switching-on/off of mode of formation of equisignal direction without changing antenna design.EFFECT: absence of inertia elements in design of passive diffusers enables to perform operations for generation of equisignal direction with high operating speed.1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to antennas or antenna systems with a changing orientation of the radiation pattern and can be used to form an equal-signal direction in the radio tracking systems of high-speed aircraft and objects.

There is a method of controlling the radiation pattern (BH) by placing passive diffusers on the mirror surface of the antenna [1]. In the known invention, the purpose of which is to suppress spatial interference, with the known function of the normalized amplitude distribution of the electromagnetic field in a flat antenna aperture, a set of two-dimensional orthonormal polynomials is formed and what changes need to be made to the phase distribution of the field in a flat aperture of the antenna to ensure the maximum dip in the antenna pattern in the direction of arrival of interference. The coordinates of the points on the mirror surface of the antenna, in which it is necessary to place the passive scatterers, and the values of the phase shifts introduced by the scatterers, which ensure the formation of the required changes in the phase distribution of the electromagnetic field in the flat aperture of the antenna, are determined.

The disadvantages of the known invention include the fact that it does not consider the possibility of controlling the direction of the main lobe of the beam by placing passive diffusers on the mirror surface of the antenna.

Signs of a patentable invention that match the features of a known invention:

- MD control by placing passive diffusers on the mirror surface of the antennas;

- determination of the magnitude of the changes that need to be made to the phase distribution of the field in the flat aperture of the antenna to ensure the formation of the necessary MD;

- determination of the position of points on the mirror surface of the antenna, in which the centers of passive diffusers are placed;

- determination of the necessary values introduced by passive diffusers of phase shifts.

Known invention is a method of forming direction-finding characteristics of the aperture antenna [2], which is taken as the prototype of the patented invention. In the known invention, the equal-signal direction of the beam and the symmetry of the direction-finding characteristic provide deviations of the direction of the main beam of the beam that are symmetrical with respect to the equal-signal direction. The direction of the main beam of the beam is controlled by specialized irradiators: either a horn irradiator in which two different modes of electromagnetic waves are excited, or a composite irradiator consisting of several weakly directed emitters installed near the central horn.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that for its use in already in use mirror antennas, it is necessary to replace or modify the irradiating device.

The feature of the patentable invention, which coincides with the feature of the prototype, is the formation of an equal-signal direction, which provides symmetrical relative to the equal-signal direction deviations of the direction of the main beam of the beam.

The present invention - a method of forming an equal-signal direction in a mirror antenna solves the problem of forming an equal-signal direction by using passive diffusers.

The technical result of the present invention is the provision of the formation of an equal-signal direction without the use of special antenna feeds and the possibility of repeatedly turning on / off the mode of forming an equal-signal direction without changing the design of the antenna. The absence of inertial elements in the design of passive diffusers allows operations to form an equal-signal direction with high speed.

The essence of the patented invention is illustrated by the description, drawings and drawings, which show:

FIG. 1. Block diagram of a mirror antenna with passive diffusers and a control unit.

FIG. 2. The location of local areas Ω _1i in the plane of the aperture of the reflector

FIG. 3. To the allocation of local zones Ω _2i on the surface of the reflector.

FIG. 4. Slotted diffuser.

FIG. 5. The direction of the main lobe of the DN in the plane y = 0.

In FIG. 1-5 the following notation is introduced:

1 - reflector; 2 - irradiator; 3 _i - passive diffuser under number i; 4 - control unit; slotted diffuser 5; 6 - dielectric plate; 7 - gap; 8 - metallization; 9 - microwave key; r is the radius of the aperture of the reflector; X, Y, Z are the coordinate axes of the reflector 1, the Z axis is the focal axis of the reflector, the X, Y axes lie in the plane of the aperture; θ _pc is the coordinate of the equal-signal direction given in the spherical coordinates of the observation point (θ, ϕ); θ ₀ - the deviation of the direction of the main beam of the beam from the focal axis of the reflector used in the formation of an equal-signal direction θ _pc ; Ω _1i is the local region under number i in the plane of the reflector aperture; Ω _2i is the local region under number i on the reflective surface of reflector 1; (η ₁ , 0) - coordinates in the plane of the aperture of the reflector of the center of the local region Ω ₁₁ ; (0, η ₂ ) - coordinates in the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 of the center of the local region Ω ₁₂ ; (-η ₀ ) - coordinates in the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 of the center of the local region Ω ₁₃ ; (0, η ₂ ,) coordinates in the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 of the center of the local region Ω ₁₄ ; L, H, d - dimensions of the dielectric plate 6; ε is the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate 6; λ is the wavelength in air at the operating frequency of the mirror antenna.

The method of forming an equal-signal direction in a mirror antenna includes creating a mirror antenna consisting, as shown in FIG. 1, from a reflector 1, which is a rotation paraboloid with a flat circular aperture of radius r, an irradiator 2 located on the Z axis of the reflector 1, and passive diffusers 3 _i mounted on the reflective surface of the reflector and controlled by the control unit 4.

The known ones are r - radius of the aperture of the reflector, ρ (x, y) - symmetric with respect to the focal axis Z and the X, Y axes in the plane of the aperture of reflector 1 and normalized to its maximum value, the distribution of the polarization component of the field strength in the aperture of the reflector 1, P ₁₀ ( x, y) = a ₁₁ x + a ₁₀ and P ₀₁ (x, y) = b ₁₁ y + b ₀₁ x + b ₁₀ — linear orthonormal harmonics of the expansion of the function ρ (x) determined by the known method [3, p. 377] , y) in the aperture region, the values θ ₀ , θ _pc = 0 and λ.

The present invention provides the ability to repeatedly turn on / off the mode of forming an equal-signal direction without changing the design of the mirror antenna.

In the mode of formation of an equal-signal direction, sequentially orienting with the main lobe of the radiation pattern in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), form an equal signal direction θ _pc = 0, in which the magnitude of the output signal of the mirror antenna is the same for each of the above directions of the main lobe of the beam. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the orientation of the main lobe of the MD in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π) and the equal-signal direction θ _pc = 0 in the y = 0 plane.

The directions of the main lobe of the beam are set by setting, using the control unit 4 in the passive diffusers 3 _i , where i = 1, ..., 4, the necessary phase corrections for the signals re-emitted by them with respect to the phase values that would be for signals reflected directly by the surface reflector 1.

The requirements for the placement of passive diffusers 3 _i , where i = 1, ..., 4, and the values of phase corrections are determined by the following procedure.

находят координаты эффективных точек, лежащих на оси X, x₁=η₁ и x₁=-η₁, где η₁>0. Из уравнения

находят координаты эффективных точек, лежащих на оси Y, y₁=η₂ и y₁=-η₂, где η₂>0. В плоскости апертуры рефлектора 1 выделяют локальную область Ω₁₁ с координатами центра (η₁,0), локальную область Ω₁₂ с координатами центра (0,η₂), локальную область Ω₁₃ с координатами центра (-η₁,0), локальную область Ω₁₄ с координатами центра (0, -η₂,), при этом область Ω₁₁ конгруэнтна области Ω₁₃, область Ω₁₂ конгруэнтна области Ω₁₄. Расположение локальных областей Ω_1i в плоскости апертуры рефлектора 1 показано на фиг. 2.The coordinates of the effective points in the aperture of the reflector 1 are determined, in which changes in the phase of the field strength have a maximum effect on the orientation of the main beam of the beam. Due to the symmetry ρ (x, y) with respect to the X, Y axes, there are four such points, two lie on the X axis, two lie on the Y axis, and the known method for determining the coordinates of effective points [3, p. 400] is simplified. From the equation

find the coordinates of the effective points lying on the X axis, x ₁ = η ₁ and x ₁ = -η ₁ , where η ₁ > 0. From the equation

find the coordinates of the effective points lying on the Y axis, y ₁ = η ₂ and y ₁ = -η ₂ , where η ₂ > 0. In the aperture plane of reflector 1, a local region Ω ₁₁ with center coordinates (η ₁ , 0), a local region Ω ₁₂ with center coordinates (0, η ₂ ), a local region Ω ₁₃ with center coordinates (-η ₁ , 0), local the domain Ω ₁₄ with the coordinates of the center (0, -η ₂ ,), while the domain Ω _{11 is} congruent to the domain Ω ₁₃ , the domain Ω _{12 is} congruent to the domain Ω ₁₄ . The location of the local regions Ω _1i in the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 is shown in FIG. 2.

находят значение С₁₀ - модуля коэффициента Фурье разложения функции фазового распределения напряженности поля в плоской апертуре рефлектора 1 по линейной ортонормированной гармонике P₁₀(x,y)=a₁₁x+a₁₀, при котором главный лепесток ориентирован в направлениях (θ₀,ϕ₁=0) или (θ₀,ϕ₃=π).According to the formula

find the value of C ₁₀ - the modulus of the Fourier coefficient of the expansion of the phase distribution function of the field strength in the flat aperture of the reflector 1 in the linear orthonormal harmonic P ₁₀ (x, y) = a ₁₁ x + a ₁₀ at which the main lobe is oriented in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0) or (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π).

находят значение C₀₁ - модуля коэффициента Фурье разложения функции напряженности фазового распределения поля в плоской апертуре рефлектора 1 по линейной ортонормированной гармонике P₀₁(x,y)=b₁₁y+b₀₁x+b₁₀, при котором главный лепесток ориентирован в направлениях (θ₀,ϕ₂=0,5π) или (θ₀,ϕ₄=1,5π).According to the formula

find the value of C ₀₁ - the modulus of the Fourier coefficient of the expansion of the function of the phase distribution of the field in the flat aperture of the reflector 1 in the linear orthonormal harmonic P ₀₁ (x, y) = b ₁₁ y + b ₀₁ x + b ₁₀ , in which the main lobe is oriented in the directions ( θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π) or (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π).

получены на основании известной методики [3, стр. 363] с учетом значений ϕ_i где i=l, …,4.Formulas

obtained on the basis of the well-known methods [3, p. 363] taking into account the values of ϕ _i where i = l, ..., 4.

определяют Ф₁ модуль фазовой поправки в фазу напряженности поля в областях Ω₁₁, Ω₁₃, при которой главный лепесток ориентирован в направлениях (θ₀,ϕ₁=0), (θ₀,ϕ₃=π).In accordance with [3, p. 399] according to the formula

determine Ф _{1 the} module of the phase correction to the phase of the field strength in the regions Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₃ , in which the main lobe is oriented in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π).

определяют Ф₂ модуль фазовой поправки в напряженности фазу поля в областях Ω₁₂, Ω₁₄, при которой главный лепесток ориентирован в направлениях (θ₀,ϕ₂=0,5π) или (θ₀,ϕ₄=1,5π).According to the formula

determine Ф _{2 the} module of the phase correction in the field phase strength in the regions Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₄ , in which the main lobe is oriented in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π) or (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π).

Since it is practically impossible to install material devices for making phase corrections to the phase of the field strength directly in the regions of Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₃ , and Ω _{14 of the} plane of the aperture of the reflector 1, in the present invention, an equivalent phase correction is carried out instead of phase correction in the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 by reflector surface 1 using passive diffusers 3 _i .

On the reflective surface of the reflector 1, it is isolated as shown in FIG. 3, local regions Ω ₂₁ , Ω ₂₂ , Ω ₂₃ , Ω ₂₄ , projecting onto it perpendicular to the plane of the aperture of the reflector 1 local regions Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₃ , Ω _14, respectively. In the areas Ω ₂₁ , Ω ₂₃ are placed, respectively, passive scatterers 3 ₁ 3 ₃ , each of which allows you to enter into the phase of the scattered field two values of the phase correction f ₁ or minus f ₁ . In the regions Ω ₂₂ , Ω ₂₄ , respectively, passive scatterers 3 ₂ , 3 ₄ are placed, each of which allows two phase correction values Ф ₂ or minus Ф ₂ to be introduced into the phase of the scattered field. Using the control unit 4, the main lobe of the radiation pattern is sequentially oriented in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), as shown in FIG. 5, as a result of which an equal-signal direction is formed. To set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), the phase correction in the passive diffuser 3 _{1 is set} equal to minus Ф ₁ in the passive diffuser 3 ₃ - the phase correction is equal to Ф ₁ , while the same in passive diffusers 3 ₂ , 3 ₄ the phase correction value is either F ₂ or minus F ₂ . To set the direction (θ _0, φ ₂ = 0,5π) is set in a passive diffuser March ₂ phase correction equal to F minus _2, in a passive diffuser 3 ₄ - phase correction equal to F ₂ and the passive scatterers March ₁ March ₃ set the same phase correction value of either F ₁ or minus F ₁ . To set the direction (θ _0, φ ₃ = π) is set in a passive diffuser 3 ₁ phase correction equal to F ₁ in the passive diffuser 3 ₃ - phase correction equal to minus F ₁ while in passive scatterers 3 _2, 3 ₄ set equal the phase correction value is either F ₂ or minus F ₂ . To set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), a phase correction equal to Ф _{2 is} set in the passive diffuser 3 _{2, a} phase correction is equal to minus Ф ₂ in the passive diffuser 3 ₄ , while in the passive diffusers 3 ₁ 3 ₃ set the same phase correction value either F ₁ or minus F ₁ .

To exit the mode of forming an equal-signal direction in passive diffusers 3 ₁ 3 ₃ , the same phase correction value is set to either Ф ₁ or minus Ф ₁ , in passive diffusers 3 ₂ , 3 ₄ , the same phase correction value is set to either Ф ₂ or minus Ф ₂ .

An actual embodiment of the present invention is the use of a slotted diffuser 5 as a passive diffuser 3 _i , the structural diagram of which is shown in FIG. 4.

The composition of the slotted diffuser 5 includes a dielectric plate 6 with dimensions L = 0.5λ, H = 0.26λ, d, which is determined for each passive diffuser 3 _i , and with a dielectric constant ε = 4, metallization 7 of the dielectric plate 6 with a slotted it with a slot 8 of length 0.5λ, and a microwave key 9 switched from the control unit 4, connected to the sides of the slot 8. In the microwave key 9, a high-speed switching microwave diode is used.

As shown in FIG. 4 at the slotted diffuser 5 mounted on the reflective surface of the reflector 1, the metallization plane 7 with the slot 8 cut through it is raised to a height d above the reflective surface of the reflector 1.

When the microwave key 9 is closed, the slotted diffuser 5 is equivalent to a conductive pad with an effective surface S ₁ = LH = 0.13λ ² , from which the incident electromagnetic wave is reflected with a phase less than the phase of the wave reflected from the reflective surface of reflector 1 by

При этом падающая электромагнитная волна проходит через диэлектрическую пластину 6, отражается от отражающей поверхности рефлектора 1 и проходит через диэлектрическую пластину 6 в обратном направлении, что приводит к увеличению ее фазы по сравнению с фазой волны, отраженной от отражающей поверхности рефлектора 1 на величину

а с учетом того, что ε=4, на величину

When the microwave key 8 is opened, the slotted diffuser 5 is equivalent to a half-wave vibrator, for which, according to [4], the effective surface is determined by the formula

When this incident electromagnetic wave passes through the dielectric plate 6, is reflected from the reflective surface of the reflector 1 and passes through the dielectric plate 6 in the opposite direction, which leads to an increase in its phase compared with the phase of the wave reflected from the reflective surface of the reflector 1 by

and taking into account the fact that ε = 4, by

Thus, when the microwave key 9 is closed and opened, the area of the effective reflective surface of the slotted diffuser 5 remains unchanged, and the phase correction to the phase of the field strength in the field of its installation on the reflective surface of the reflector 1, remaining unchanged modulo, changes sign.

а для пассивных рассеивателей 3₂, 3₄ - равным

In this embodiment of the invention, by virtue of the equality S ₁ = S ₂ , when determining the values of Ф ₁ , Ф ₂ are the modules of phase corrections to the phase of the field intensity in the regions Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₃ , Ω _{14 of the} plane of the aperture of the reflector 1, these regions define in the form of rectangles with sides L = 0.5λ, H = 0.26λ, for passive diffusers 3 ₁ 3 _{3 the} value of size d of slotted diffusers 5 is taken equal

and for passive diffusers 3 ₂ , 3 ₄ - equal

To orient the main lobe of the radiation pattern in the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0) in the passive diffuser 3 _{1, the} microwave key 9 is closed, in the passive diffuser 3 _{3 the} microwave key 9 is opened, while in the passive diffusers 3 ₂ , 3 ₄ microwave keys 9 set to the same state either closed or open. To set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π) in the passive diffuser 3 _{2 the} microwave key 9 is closed, in the passive diffuser 3 _{4 the} microwave key 9 is opened, while in the passive diffusers 3 ₁ 3 ₃ microwave keys 9 are set to the same state either closed or open. To set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π) in the passive diffuser 3 _{1, the} microwave key 9 is opened, in the passive diffuser 3 _{3 the} microwave key 9 is closed, while in the passive diffusers 3 ₂ , 3 _{4 the} microwave keys 9 are set to the same state or closed or open. To set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), t in the passive diffuser 3 ₂ phase microwave key 9 is opened, in the passive diffuser 3 ₄ microwave key 9 is closed, while in the passive diffusers 3 ₁ , 3 ₃ microwave keys 9 set to the same state either closed or open.

To exit the mode of forming the equal-signal direction in the passive diffusers 3 ₁ , 3 ₂ , 3 ₃ , 3 ₄ microwave keys 9 are set in the same state either closed or open.

Thus:

- the claimed invention allows to form in the mirror antenna an equivalent signal direction using passive diffusers;

- it is possible to repeatedly turn on / off the mode of formation of an equal-signal direction without changing the design of the antenna;

- the high switching speed of the rays is ensured by the use of high-speed switching microwave diodes in passive diffusers.

Literature

1. Gusevsky V.I., Moiseev M.V., Chadov S.E., Stepanov A.A., Polyakov E.M. Autonomous system for protecting stations with mirror parabolic antennas from the effects of interfering signals and the method of its construction. Patent RU 2311708, 2006

2. V.P. Wald, S.M. Verevkin, V.P. Davydov and A.E. Sokolov. The method of forming the direction-finding characteristic of the aperture antenna, patent SU 1467633, 1989

3. Zelkin EG, Kravchenko V.F., Gusevsky V.I. Constructive approximation methods in antenna theory. - M.: Saynes-press, 2005, p. 363, 399, 400

4. Sazonov D.M. Microwave antennas and devices: - M.: Higher School, 1988, p. 213

Claims (2)

1. The method of forming an equal-signal direction in a mirror antenna, including the use of a paraboloid of revolution with a flat circular aperture as a reflector, an irradiator located on the axis of the paraboloid and installed on the reflective surface of the reflector of passive diffusers controlled from the control unit for the antenna are known r is the radius of the aperture of the reflector, ρ (x, y) is symmetric about the focal axis of the reflector Z and the X, Y axes in the plane of the aperture and normalized relative to its maximum value is the distribution of the main polarization component of the field strength in the aperture of the reflector, P ₁₀ (x, y) = a ₁₁ x + a ₁₀ and P ₀₁ (x, y) = b ₁₁ y + b ₀₁ x + b ₁₀ are the linear orthonormal harmonics of the expansion of the function ρ (x, y) in the aperture region, θ ₀ is the point specified in the spherical coordinates observation (θ, ϕ) is the deviation of the direction of the main beam of the radiation pattern from the focal axis of the reflector used in the formation of equal nosignal direction, characterized in that for the implementation in the mirror antenna of the formation mode of the equal-signal direction θ _pc = 0 from the equation

find the root x = η ₁ , provided η ₁ > 0, from the equation

find the root y = η ₂ , under the condition η ₂ > 0, in the plane of the reflector aperture we distinguish the local region Ω ₁₁ with the coordinates of the center (η ₁ , 0), the local region Ω ₁₂ with the coordinates of the center (0, η ₂ ), the local region Ω ₁₃ with the coordinates of the center (-η ₁ , 0), the local region Ω ₁₄ with the coordinates of the center (0, -η ₂ ), while the domain Ω _{11 is} congruent to the domain Ω ₁₃ , the region Ω _{12 is} congruent to the domain Ω ₁₄ , by the formula

find the coefficient C ₁₀ according to the formula

find the coefficient C ₀₁ , determine Ф _{1 the} module of the necessary phase correction in the areas Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₃ by the formula

determine Ф _{2 the} module of the necessary phase correction in the areas Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₄ according to the formula

local areas Ω ₂₁ , Ω ₂₂ , Ω ₂₃ , Ω ₂₄ are distinguished on the reflecting surface of the reflector, projecting onto it perpendicular to the aperture plane local regions Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₃ , Ω ₁₄ , respectively, in the regions Ω ₂₁ , Ω ₂₂ , Ω ₂₃ , Ω ₂₄ place passive diffusers PR _i , where i = l, ..., 4, in the areas Ω ₂₁ , Ω ₂₃ place passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ , each of which allows two correction values Ф ₁ or two to be introduced into the phase of the scattered field minus Ф ₁ , passive scatterers PR ₂ , PR ₄ are placed in the areas Ω ₂₂ , Ω ₂₄ , each of which allows two phase correction values Ф ₂ or minus Ф ₂ to be introduced into the phase of the scattered field, using the control unit, the main lobe of the radiation pattern in the directions (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π), (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), to set the direction ( θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0) set in PR _{1 a} phase correction equal to minus Ф ₁ , in PR ₃ - a phase correction equal to Ф ₁ , in PR ₂ , PR ₄ set one otherness value of the phase correction or F ₂ or F minus _2, to set the direction (θ _0, φ ₂ = 0,5π) is set in the phase correction PR ₂ equal to F minus _2, in PR ₄ - phase correction equal to F _2, in passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ , the same phase correction value is set to either Ф ₁ or minus Ф ₁ , to set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π), phase correction is set to PR ₁ equal to Ф ₁ , in PR ₃ - phase the correction equal to minus Ф ₁ , in passive diffusers PR ₂ , PR ₄ set the same phase correction value either Ф ₂ or minus Ф ₂ to set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1,5π), setting phase correction in PR ₂ equal to Ф ₂ , in PR ₄ - phase correction equal to minus Ф ₂ , in passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ set the same value of phase correction to either Ф ₁ or minus Ф ₁ to exit the mode of forming an equal-signal direction in passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ set the same correction value either f ₁ or minus Ф ₁ , in passive diffusers PR ₂ , PR ₄ set the same value of the phase correction or Ф ₂ , or minus Ф ₂ . 2. The method of forming an equal-signal direction in a mirror antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that slotted diffusers are used as passive diffusers, each of which includes a dielectric plate with dimensions L = 0.5λ, H = 0.26λ, d and with a permittivity ε = 4, metallization of a dielectric plate with a slit 0.5λ cut through it, and a microwave key connected to the sides of the slit, the regions Ω ₁₁ , Ω ₁₂ , Ω ₁₃ , Ω _{14 of} the reflector aperture plane are set in the form of rectangles with sides L = 0.5λ, H = 0.26λ, for passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ , the thickness d of the dielectric plates is taken equal to

and for passive diffusers PR ₂ , PR ₄ - equal

to orient the main lobe of the radiation pattern in the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₁ = 0) in the passive diffuser PR _{1, the} microwave key is closed, in the passive diffuser PR _{3 the} microwave key is opened, while in the passive diffusers PR ₂ , PR ₄ microwave keys are set to the same state is either closed or open, to set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₂ = 0.5π) in the passive diffuser PR ₂ microwave key is closed, in the passive diffuser PR ₄ microwave key is opened, while in the passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ microwave the keys are set to the same state either closed or open, to set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₃ = π) in the passive diffuser PR _{1 the} microwave key is opened, in the passive diffuser PR _{3 the} microwave key is closed, while in the passive diffusers PR ₂ , PR ₄ microwave keys are set to the same state either closed or open, to set the direction (θ ₀ , ϕ ₄ = 1.5π), in the passive diffuser PR _{2 the} phase microwave key is opened, in the passive diffuser PR _{4 the} microwave key is closed, in passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₃ microwave keys are set to the same state either closed or open, to exit the mode of forming an equal-signal direction in passive diffusers PR ₁ , PR ₂ , PR ₃ , PR ₄ microwave keys are set to the same state or closed or open.

Images