RU2702086C1 - Method for increasing crop yield and quality of salad crops in closed agrobiotechnological systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to vegetable growing, and can be used in cultivation of vegetable crops in closed agrobio-technical systems under conditions of hydroponics. Method for increasing crop yield and quality of lettuce crops consists in the fact that during the vegetation of plants on 18–20th day in the conditions of hydroponic culture on the substrate of mineral wool one-time 0.05 % aqueous solution of the preparation "Energia-M" is used.

EFFECT: method ensures salad yield increase with high quality indices.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to vegetable growing and may find application in the cultivation of vegetable crops in closed agrobiotechnological systems such as phytotron and synergotron.

There is a method in which to stimulate the growth and development of plants using crezacin in a mixture with polyvinyl acetate and terpensil (patent No. 2408179, published 01/10/2011, Bull. No. 1, IPC A01P 21/00, A01C 1/00).

However, this method is quite costly and used in open ground, under different climatic conditions, which reduces the effectiveness of the technical solution.

There is also known a method in which the silicon-containing preparation Mival-Agro is used as a universal growth regulator that can increase plant productivity by 10-20% (Internet cekator.ru/mival-agro, forundacha.ru)

Known drug is widely used to increase crop yields. However, its capabilities in conditions of closed agrobiotechnological systems such as phytotron and synergotron are not known and the mode of use is not justified, which reduces the effectiveness of its use in closed systems with artificial climate, lighting and automation / computerization of plant growing processes.

The closest technical solution to the proposed facility is a method of using the Energy-M preparation, which includes a silicon-containing component - 1-chloromethylsilatran and synthetic growth phytohormone - crezacin, used three times - when soaking seeds, phase 4-5 leaves and mass setting of head of cabbage (for root crops in the phase of mass formation of root crops) against the background of mineral fertilizers (Petrichenko V.N., Loginov S.V., Turkina O.S. Heavy metals content in vegetable crops with foliar treatments with growth regulators A. In chapter 12 of the monograph "Ecological aspects of human, animal and plant life / edited by Academician of the RAEN T.A. Nugmanova. - Belgorod: Publishing House" Belgorod "NRU" BelSU ", 2017. - S. 177-183) .

In the prototype method, the Energy-M biological product is used repeatedly, which increases the cost of implementing the method. Moreover, the biological products used are aimed at reducing heavy metals in vegetable products. All these parameters reduce the efficiency of the method.

The technical result is a reduction in costs, increase, the effectiveness of the method and the expansion of the scope of the drug.

The technical solution of the claimed object lies in the fact that in a closed agrobitechnical system, as an example, a phytotron during vegetation for 18-20 days in a hydroponic culture on a substrate of mineral wool, Biopreparation Energia-M is used once in an aqueous solution concentration of 0.05%.

The method is as follows. The Energy-M preparation consists of a silicon compound - mival with a synthetic analogue of the phytohormone of the protatran structure of crezacin. The active substance is 1 chloromethylsilatran and triethanolammonium salt of orthocresoxyacetic acid. The applied concentration of an aqueous solution of 0.05% is justified experimentally. With this treatment, almost the entire volume of the drug in the form of small drops falls on the surface area occupied by lettuce plants. The drug, unlike application in open ground, is not exposed in the closed phytotron system to blow off its drops from the surface of the sheet by the wind, which increases the time of its effective contact and facilitates the penetration of the complex active principle Mival + Crezacin into the sheet. During processing, the plant development phase is used with a period of maximum coverage of the soil substrate surface in a closed agrobiotechnical system with a sheet of hydroponic culture on the example of the phytotron model ISR-1 - a prototype agro-biotechnological system of the Synergotron type based on digital technologies.

Example 1. As an object of research used leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) varieties Ballet. Agros mineral wool blocks were used, with a block length of 33 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a height of 7.5 cm. There are 4 seats in one block of mineral wool. On 3 shelves of the phytotron, an experiment with 3 replicates was implemented. Mineral wool blocks were placed on the shelves of the phytotron model ISR-0.1 of the modification of the Institute of Development Strategic Research Institute. This phytotron model was the basis for models of the synergotron type based on digital technologies for the implementation of plant growing technologies.

Before processing lettuce plants, a 0.05% solution of Energy M preparation was prepared. Treatment with the Energy M preparation was performed once by foliar spraying of plants on leaves 18 days after emergence at a concentration of 0.05% aqueous solution.

Example 2. The processing of plants of lettuce variety Ballet was carried out on day 20 as in the first example.

The results of the experiments are summarized in tables

The research results indicate the advantage of the proposed method, which provides a significant increase in salad yield with high quality indicators in a closed phytotron system while reducing the cost of one treatment.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the yield and quality of salad crops in closed ground, including the use of the Energy-M preparation as a growth regulator, characterized in that in closed agrobiotechnological systems for 18-20 days in the process of plant vegetation in a hydroponic culture on a mineral wool substrate is used once 0.05% aqueous solution of the drug "Energy-M".