RU2701887C1 - System and method for continuous monitoring of state of contact network of rail transport - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: monitoring systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means of monitoring and monitoring the state of contact network of rail vehicles. System comprises sensors of physical suspension parameters, distributed on at least one anchor section of contact network, a unit for collecting information formed by sensors, a unit for processing information collected by an information collection unit and a unit for alerting personnel on an emergency situation on a section of the catenary network located on the anchor section, where information collection unit and information processing unit are connected to power supply circuits to at least one uninterrupted power supply unit, unit for providing information processing is uninterruptedly connected to an information collection unit and is provided processing information in such a way that based on results of processing information generated by sensors, continuously generating decisions on guaranteed absence or on possible availability of emergency situation on anchor section, and when forming a decision on a possible emergency situation, an alert is generated on the possibility of occurrence of an emergency situation, sent over an uninterrupted data transmission network to mobile devices of operational personnel responsible for the section of the contact network, on which the anchor section is located.

EFFECT: higher automation of control process.

27 cl, 5 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to remote measuring systems and is intended for use as part of safety systems for the operation of traction rolling stock both by analyzing diagnostic data on stationary equipment of linear monitoring posts and when using locomotives as part of on-board devices.

BACKGROUND

The modern approach to the development and construction of infrastructure facilities for technical facilities related to the implementation of critical technological processes involves the use of built-in diagnostics and monitoring of units and components, including operational diagnostics and continuous monitoring. This allows you to create highly reliable and secure control systems. Developers of control systems in the transport complex are also pursuing the same goal.

It should be noted that this approach has been responding to for several years in electronics: for example, in System on a Chip (SoC) technology. The degree of integration of monitoring devices in this case is directly related to the “depth” of diagnosis.

On the railways of the former Soviet Union, continuous monitoring systems are currently fully equipped with railway automation and telemechanics. However, the quality of the transportation process is influenced to a greater extent by other objects of the railway infrastructure - the track superstructure and the electrification and power supply devices. Failures of the elements of their design due to the absence of any reserve lead to long interruptions in the movement of trains. For this reason, the introduction of remote continuous monitoring systems for these structures and structures is relevant.

Until now, the diagnostic systems used to determine the technical condition of electrification and power supply devices have been fragmented. A number of them are based on optoelectronic devices, which have functional disadvantages, and are located, in most cases, on specialized rolling stock. Diagnosis using such tools is sporadic, and diagnostic cycles have an extremely low frequency due to the small number of mobile laboratories.

A known non-contact method for monitoring the technical condition of the railway contact network, which consists in assessing the wear and sag of the wires according to the results of their video shooting (RF patent No. 2066645, IPC V61K9 / 08, 1996 publication). The main disadvantage of this method is the extremely low accuracy and reliability of the estimates due to the low spatial resolution of the camera and the noise of the generated image.

A known method of controlling the degree of wear of the contact wire, which consists in the use of matrix eddy current transducers placed on the collector ski of a laboratory car (RF patent No. 2108936, IPC V61K9 / 08, 1998 publication). The main disadvantages of this approach are: the impossibility of assessing the wear of a two-wire contact network and significant difficulties in interpreting and linking to the terrain the results of electromagnetic measurements of the wire cross section.

A device is known for measuring and recording wear of a contact wire, comprising brackets mounted on a current collector of a traction mobile unit with a linear illuminator of a contact drive. They are located along the current collector runner and are connected to the output of the power source. The system includes an assembly of light receivers, as well as a processing unit and information display. As light detectors, television cameras with lenses, light filters and linear multi-element photodetector devices with control circuits installed in one row parallel to the current collector runner and the linear illuminator were used. The object of observation of each camera during the movement of the laboratory car is a luminous strip on the contact wire, while the width of the wear area is determined by the number of camera cells having a brightness increased relative to neighboring elements (RF patent No. 2120866, B60M1 / 12, B60M1 / 13, 1998 publication. )

A known method of monitoring the state of the contact wire, which consists in the fact that the contact wire is illuminated by an optical device mounted on the current collector of the traction rolling stock, and the height of the contact wire is recorded. Using an optical device, the deformation dynamics of the contact wire is also recorded - its elastic line (sag) when the vehicle is moving. This is realized by comparing the actual value of the moment of inertia of the studied section (based on the height of the contact wire measured using an optical device) with the calculated value of the moment of inertia of the same section obtained as a result of measuring the elastic line of the wire (sag) (RF patent No. 2134203, IPC B60M1 / 12, 1999 publication).

A known method of monitoring the state of the contact wire, carried out by a device containing a base mounted on a current collector with an optical system mounted on it. The device consists of a sensor that includes a source and a receiver of light radiation (they are located on opposite sides of the contact wire). The base is fixed by means of a lever system with the exception of direct contact with the contact wire, and the optical system installed on it includes a number of sensors placed along the axis of the contact wire. Each sensor is a system of two emitters located on opposite sides of the contact wire and made with the possibility of forming light rays of small divergence, and two receivers of light radiation.

A known method for diagnosing local wear of the contact network of the power supply of trains, including shooting the contact network by means of a thermal imaging scanner mounted on the roof of a moving wagon train. The scanner allows you to form an image of the contact network using computer tools, as well as an analysis of the heterogeneity of the temperature field of each wire. In this image, areas are distinguished that are characterized by an increased temperature of each contact wire with respect to the set temperature limits. They determine the degree of local wear of the contact network and determine on the ground the places of local increased wear of the wires of the contact network to be replaced (RF patent No. 2264930, IPC B60M1 / 12, G01N3 / 56, publication 2005).

A known system for monitoring the parameters of the contact network of the railway, which is located on a pantograph equipped with a mechanism for a self-propelled mobile unit of railway transport. It contains a height sensor for hanging the contact wire, a position sensor for the contact wire in the plan, an ambient temperature sensor, a power source, a signal collection and transmission unit, a control panel, a device for determining the position of the contact wire in the plan with n position sensors of the contact wire ( RF patent No. 68977, IPC B60M1 / 12, publication 2007).

Assessing the state of the contact network using a laboratory car makes it possible to measure the suspension height of the contact wire, its wear, pressing the current collector on the contact wire, and the voltage in the contact network during the passage of the car along the line.

As already noted, the disadvantage of the known systems for monitoring the state of the contact network using laboratory cars is that these measurements are periodic in nature, characterized by a short observation time, which, in particular, does not provide the possibility of monitoring the stress-strain state of the elements of the contact network .

For early detection of changes in the state of the elements of the contact network, continuous monitoring of its elements is necessary.

A device for determining the tensile force of the cable. The design of the device is equipped with two elastic elements with strain gauges mounted on a cable. When tensile forces are applied to the cable, the latter lengthens and indirectly affects elastic elements with strain gauges, the output signal of which is proportional to the tensile force (RF patent No. 1497467, IPC7: G01L5 / 10 G01L5 / 04, publication 1989). A device for measuring the tension in the ropes. The design of the device involves the location between the strands of the rope and consists of a body in the form of a glass (cylinder), into which a perceiving mechanism is inserted. When the rope is tensioned, the cylinder, moving relative to the body, creates an effect on the sensitive element made on the basis of the piezoelectric element. The output signal of the piezoelectric element is proportional to the tension force of the rope (RF patent No. 1481606, IPC7: G 01 L 5/10, 1992 publication).

A known system for monitoring and diagnosing the parameters of the contact network of the railway (SDUM KS), which is located directly on the elements of the contact network. The sensors of this system are mounted on a supporting cable and a contact wire directly behind the rollers of the blocks of the compensation devices and / or above the garlands of the compensator weights placed on the anchor supports of the contact network. The proposed method of time-continuous automated monitoring of the state of contact network elements is based on the use of vibration diagnostics, and the sensors that underlie the sensor part are accelerometers (RF patent No. 2444449, IPC B60M1 / 12, 2010 publication).

All the above methods of continuous monitoring, however, do not allow to evaluate the tension force of wires and cables of the contact network in real time, or require structural changes to be made to the control object.

A known method for controlling the angle of inclination of the supports Kovalev A.A. (RU), Galkin A.G. (RF patent No. 2340476, IPC B60M1 / 20, 2008 publication). To measure the angle of inclination of the support, the building level is used, on which the webcam is placed so that the focus of the webcam is constantly directed to the edge of the guide located on the zero mark of the ruler, and the webcam is connected to the computer. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the webcam is placed at the construction level so that the horizontal bubble level is always fully present in the frame of the webcam that is connected to the computer. The technical result when using the proposed devices is to increase the accuracy of measurements by fixing the readings of the ruler and the position of the bubble in the horizontal bubble level using webcam surveys. Obviously, this method does not allow to obtain high measurement accuracy, and the presence of optical instruments significantly reduces the reliability of the described approach.

The device of the authors of Valyukevich Yu.A., Alepko A.V., Yakovenko D.M., Eremeeva A.V. (RF patent No. 2487327, IPC: G 01 L 5/10, publication 2013) is known, which, like the following the invention has a general approach to measuring the efforts of tension, based on the direct measurement of the efforts.

A known system for monitoring and diagnosing the parameters of the contact network of the railway, which is located directly on the elements of the contact network. The sensors of this system are mounted on a supporting cable and a contact wire directly behind the rollers of the blocks of the compensation devices and / or above the garlands of the compensator weights placed on the anchor supports of the contact network. The proposed method of time-continuous automated monitoring of the state of contact network elements is based on the use of tensometers (RF patent No. 2631891, IPC B60M1 / 12, 2017 publication).

In this case, both versions of the methods used in monitoring systems have the ability to control only one parameter - the effort in the wires and cables. In addition, well-known systems not only do not provide the ability to continuously monitor the state of contact network facilities, but, more importantly, do not provide the ability to quickly predict the possibility of emergency situations.

ESSENCE

The present invention is intended to eliminate this and other disadvantages of the prior art, as well as to achieve a technical result, which consists in increasing the level of decision-making automation, reducing the number of false alerts about the possibility of an emergency, which significantly reduces the damage from failures of systems and equipment of the contact network, and also increases the productivity of operational and technical personnel due to the lack of the need for constant monitoring of the situation and reduce volumes of unreasonable technical work.

In addition, the basic principles of the invention, as well as its implementation options, can also be used for continuous monitoring of the state of infrastructure of rail and other vehicles, for example, a trolleybus contact network.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the system for continuous monitoring of the state of the contact network of the rail transport, containing sensors of the physical parameters of the suspension, distributed at least one anchor section of the contact network, the unit for collecting information generated by the sensors, the unit for ensuring the processing of information collected by the unit for collecting information and a unit for alerting personnel about an emergency in the area of the contact network located on the anchor section, where the information collection unit and the security unit The information processing functions are performed connected via the power supply circuits to at least one uninterruptible power supply unit, the information processing support unit is made uninterruptedly connected to the information collection unit, and is configured to process the information in such a way that the information generated by the sensors is continuously generated decisions on the guaranteed absence or possible presence of an emergency at the anchor section, and, when forming a decision on the possible presence of an emergency ii, formed an emergency alert sent across the network trouble-free data transmission to mobile devices operating personnel responsible for the site contact network, which is the anchor site.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that an emergency notification is sent over a wireless data network.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system comprises an information concentrator, which collects emergency alerts and sends emergency alerts to uninterrupted data networks.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the information processing support unit comprises a computing device that processes information.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the information concentrator is configured to receive data from the information processing support unit, transmitting information to the computing devices, and collecting information from the computing devices, jointly operating in a fog mode.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the information processing support unit is configured to process information using a self-learning system designed to make decisions on the sensor data, taking into account the generalization of sensor readings preceding an emergency recorded by personnel.

 The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the information processing support unit is configured to generate an emergency alert at predetermined readings of at least one of the sensors or at least one predetermined combination of readings of predetermined sensors.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the predetermined readings of the sensors are characterized by a range of values.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the information collection unit is configured to collect information from the sensors of the current collector of the vehicle, located under the contact network of the anchor section.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the self-learning system is configured to summarize the sensor readings of several anchor sections.

 The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system is additionally configured to generate a prohibiting signal of a traffic light installed at the entrance to a section that includes an anchor section, with predetermined combinations of data from sensors.

 The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains tension sensors located near cargo compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains vibration sensors located near the load compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the tension sensors are the tension sensors of the contact wire.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the tension sensors are load-bearing tension sensors.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system additionally contains sensors of the tension of the cables of the load compensating devices, according to the number of cables used.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains contact wire temperature sensors installed at least near the contact wire tension sensors.

 The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains sensors of current flowing through the contact wire and sensors of current flowing through the carrier cable.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the inclinometers are distributed along the contact wire with the ability to determine the magnitude of the squeeze, and the information processing support unit is configured to determine the squeeze value according to the readings of the inclinometers.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system is configured to remotely read the readings of arbitrary sensors at the request of a remote user.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system is designed to notify remote personnel in case of failure of the information processing support unit or the sensor readings collection unit.

 The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system is configured to verify the accuracy of the readings of the sensors and the exception, when forming a solution of the readings of the sensors with unreliable readings.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains sensors of direction and strength of the wind.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains sensors icing the contact wire.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the system contains tensometers and inclinometers, and the accuracy of the readings of the inclinometers is checked against the readings of the tensometers.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the method of continuous monitoring of the state of the contact network of the rail transport, which consists in collecting information from sensors of the physical parameters of the suspension distributed at least on one anchor section of the contact network, provides processing of the collected information with the possibility of determining the presence of emergency situations according to the results of information processing and notify staff of an identified emergency in the area of the contact network located and the anchor section, while ensuring the processing of the collected information in such a way that according to the results of processing the information generated by the sensors, decisions are continuously formed on the guaranteed absence or possible presence of an emergency at the anchor section, and, when forming a decision on the possible presence of an emergency, it is formed emergency notification sent over the uninterrupted data network to the mobile devices of the operational personnel responsible for the contact network section, to which is the anchor section.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that they provide information processing using a fog computing system using computing devices directly or indirectly connected via data transmission networks to sensors of physical parameters in uninterrupted mode.

In particular cases of implementing the method, features may be used in which elements of the proposed system and the functions performed by them are used.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Additional objectives, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from reading the following description of an embodiment of the invention.

The proposed invention is illustrated by drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of the system described in the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary installation of structural elements of the described system;

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary installation of a strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge);

FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a unit for collecting (and transmitting) information with sensors of the described system.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a general purpose computer system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The objects and features of the present invention, methods for achieving these objects and features will become apparent by reference to exemplary embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed below, it can be embodied in various forms. The essence described in the description is nothing more than the specific details provided to assist the specialist in the field of technology in a comprehensive understanding of the invention, and the present invention is defined only in the scope of the attached claims.

Used in the present description of the invention, the terms "component", "element", "system", "module", "part", "block", "kit" and the like are intended (used) to refer to computing entities, in particular computer entities ( computing entities, entities or objects associated with a computing device, for example, a computer, computerized device, automated device, etc.), which may be hardware, equipment (e.g., device, tool, hardware volume, hardware, component of the device, in particular, processor, microprocessor, printed circuit board, etc.), software (for example, executable program code, compiled application, program module, part of software and / or code, etc. .) or firmware (firmware from the English firmware). So, for example, a module (component, etc.) can be a process that is executed (executed) on a processor, processor, object, executable file, program, function, method, library, subprogram and / or computing device (for example, a microcomputer or computer) or a combination of software or hardware. As an illustration: as an application running on a server can be a component or module, so the server can be a component or module. At least one component may be located within the process. A module (component, etc.) can be located on one computing device (for example, a computer) and / or can be distributed between two or more computing devices. So, for example, in a particular case, an application (for example, a module, component, etc.) can be represented by a server module (server part) and a client module (client part). In the particular case, the client module is installed on at least one computing device, and the server module is installed on the second computing device, from which, in the particular case, control, monitoring, etc. are performed. the first computing device (and / or its component modules (components, parts, etc.)).

The system elements described in the present invention (sensors, blocks, components, kits, modules, devices, servers, hubs, etc.) can be interconnected by one or another currently known or invented later directly (for example, via terminals and / or wires, soldering, riveting, etc.) or indirectly (through intermediate modules, devices, etc., including various types of converters, in particular, converters / converters of information, including data in analog form, digitally or in any another known form of data (information)), for example, through wired communication, wireless communication, through various types of connectors (in particular, an electrical connector), connections, joints, etc.

The exchange of data referred to in the description between system elements (sensors, blocks, components, kits, modules, devices, servers, hubs, etc.) can be carried out using at least one interface that implements a standard or special transmission transfer protocol ( and receiving) data, for example, duplex data exchange over a physical data channel or a packet data protocol, such as a protocol for controlling data transfer on the Internet.

In a particular case, the system elements described in the present invention (sensors, blocks, components, kits, modules, devices, servers, hubs, etc.) can be interconnected by any known (or later invented) wired form (method, type) communication (for example, via USB interface (universal serial data bus interface), RS-232 / COM port interface, PCI Express, CAN, RS-485, etc.) and / or wireless communication (for example, Bluetooth ®, Wi-Fi, mobile cellular (GSM), including 3G, 4G, LTE, in particular in the range they are 850/900/1800/1900 MHz, satellite communications, trunked communications and ultra-low power consumption data channels forming complex wireless networks with mesh topology, ZigBee, LoRa, etc.), in particular, using at least , one module (wired and / or wireless) communication, including data transmission via unlicensed protocols in the acceptable frequency range.

In FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the system described in the present invention.

The system described in the present invention may include at least one physical parameter sensor 118, intended for direct or indirect measurement of physical parameters, generating data transmitted using a wired and / or wireless physical channel, etc.) communication, at least at least one block 102 of the collection and transmission of information. Also, the described system may contain at least one local server used as a hub of the line post 111, associated with the use of wired and / or wireless (type, type, method, etc.) communication with at least one unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102 and / or an intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121, which is also part of the described system, and / or a central server (single information concentrator) 131, which is also part of the described system. An intermediate server (intermediate concentrator) 121 of the system may be connected to a central server (single information concentrator) 131 and / or at least one unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102,

The data processing described in the present invention can be carried out using a cloud computing system. In the particular case, the central server (single information concentrator) 131 may be a "cloud" server (cloud server), i.e. can be represented by a (common) fund of configurable computing resources (for example, data networks, servers, storage devices, applications and services, and the “cloud” used can be a private cloud (English private cloud), public cloud (English public cloud ), a public cloud (English community cloud), a hybrid cloud (English hybrid cloud) It is worth noting that a cloud server is usually a cloud-based service that provides access to the server resources of the provider company and is a powerful physical and/ or a virtual infrastructure that runs applications and processes information (using applications) and / or serves as a repository of processed information, moreover, a cloud server is usually created using virtualization software that allows you to use a physical server as several virtual servers that are, in a particular case, which are complete analogues of physical servers.

It is also worth noting that the units for collecting (and transmitting) information (102), local servers (line post hubs) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121, a central server (single information hub) 131, sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 may be interconnected by at least one wired or wireless type (type, method, etc.) of communication, including, for example, to increase the reliability and / or speed of data (information) exchange between them.

In more detail, blocks of information collection (and transmission) (102), local servers (line post concentrators) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate concentrators) 121, central server (single information concentrator) 131, sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 are described in the framework of the present invention. It is worth noting that, in the particular case, information collection (and transmission) blocks (102), sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118, local servers (line post concentrators) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate concentrators) 121, central server (single information concentrator) 131, computing devices of operators (users) 141, can process data generated (and transmitted) by sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118, or not process the generated dates Ikami (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118. In the particular case, information collection (and transmission) blocks (102), local servers (line post hubs) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121, central server (single hub information) 131 can transmit (send) to other elements of the described system (blocks, modules, devices, etc.) and receive (receive) information (data) from other elements of the described system, for example, such as sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physically parameters)) 118, information collection (transmission) blocks (102), local servers (line post hubs) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121, central server (single information hub) 131, in processed and / or not processed form (before (in particular, without) processing and / or after processing), and / or partially processed form. It is also worth noting that, in the particular case, information collection (and transmission) units (102), local servers (line post hubs) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121, a central server (single information hub) 131 can process data, So, for example, part of the mentioned data (transmitted from sensors, blocks, servers, etc.) may be processed, and part of the data may not be processed (by elements of the system, including sensors, blocks, servers, etc.), for example , in the absence of an emergency, data may not be returned to be abutted, and in case of an emergency, the data can be processed in whole or in part, for example, data from one type of sensor (in particular, having registered readings corresponding to an emergency situation), blocks, servers, etc. can be processed, and part of the data or all data from other sensors (for example, recorded readings that do not correspond to an emergency), blocks, servers, etc. may not be processed by elements of the system (sensors, blocks, servers, etc.)) shown in FIG. one.

In the particular case, the elements of the described system (and / or parts of the system elements), in particular, shown in FIG. 1 (FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, etc.), or at least part of such system elements (and parts of system elements) can be combined into a peer-to-peer, hierarchical and other types of networks (in particular , wired and / or wireless), in the particular case when the information (data) to be processed (registered or received by at least one element of the described system) can be concentrated (in particular, collected) and processed on a central server (single hub information) 131, in particular, local or cloudy with by systems that do not form a fog computing system, or using a fog computing system that extends or replaces the cloud computing system, distributing the functions of physical computing units and devices among the terminal devices of the system, devices that can connect to and disconnect from the system. . If the central server (single information hub) 131 is unavailable, then at least one unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102, a local server (line post hub) 111, an intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121, and, in a particular case, a block providing information processing, can transmit (in a particular case, redirect) data to other elements of the described system with data processing functionality, in particular, computers, for example, calculating and solving devices.

It is worth noting that at least one element of the described system, an exemplary embodiment, which is shown in FIG. 1, for example, sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118, information collection (transmission) blocks (102), local servers (line post hubs) 111, intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121, central server (single hub information) 131, etc., or at least one part of such elements, including an information processing support unit, may comprise a computing device processing information (data).

It should be noted that the described system can remotely read the readings of arbitrary sensors (described in the framework of the present invention) at the request of a remote device (user), including including, using computing and devices of operators (users) 141. Computing devices of operators can be represented in the form of portable computers, communicators or other devices equipped with input and display information and connected to communication networks.

The described system, in automatic mode, analyzes the obtained measurement results and transmits (in a particular case, transmits, for example, using a wired and / or wireless network (communication methods, etc.)) to alert personnel (in particular, notifications ( messages)) about emergency and pre-emergency situations (both on stationary automated workstations and on mobile). In addition, the system can generate alerts for rolling stock personnel or even generate control actions on rolling stock, according to scenarios corresponding to possible emergency situations. An example of such a scenario is lowering the current collector when passing in the zone of violation of the upper dimension (breaking the measuring string), or activating emergency braking when the bearing cable and contact wire are broken.

It is worth noting that in the particular case, the described system can generate a prohibiting signal of a traffic light installed at the entrance to a section that includes an anchor section, with predetermined combinations of data from sensors.

The data described in the present invention containing information transmitted by at least one element of the described system can have a different format, for example, messages, alerts, notifications, encoded (encrypted) information, etc. So, alerts (in a particular case, messages), for example, about emergency situations, pre-emergency situations, information messages, etc. can be transmitted (at least by one of the elements of the described system) via a wired and / or wireless data network. It is also worth noting that the above alerts (messages, etc.) can be presented to users (in particular, operators, for example, operators of computing devices of operators (users) 141, including, but not limited to, workstations, mobile devices, etc. .d.) using means (modules, devices, etc.) of information visualization, for example, on displays of (mobile) devices. Also, the mentioned alerts can be presented to the user sound, and / or light, etc. methods using appropriate devices and modules (for example, speakers (speakers), lamps, LEDs, etc.).

At least one element of the described system can be an information concentrator made receiving data (information), for example, using wired or wireless networks, from at least one element of the described system, in particular, made collecting alarm alerts and transmitting alerts about an emergency to data transmission networks (uninterrupted) (using which, in a particular case, they can be transferred to other elements of the described system or to elements that could be connected with the described system and its elements, for example, external servers, etc.). In the particular case, the said information concentrator is configured to receive data from at least one element of the described system, for example, from an information processing support unit, transmitting information to computing devices, and collecting information from at least one element of the described systems, in particular, from calculating and deciding devices, jointly operating in the fog mode. In the particular case, at least one element of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit 102 (information processing support unit, etc.) can process information using a self-learning system capable of making decisions on data at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 taking into account the generalization of the readings of such sensors, in particular, preceding an emergency, for example, recorded by personnel (or, in a particular case, at least e, one element of the described system using appropriate software algorithms, including self-learning algorithms, including, but not limited to, the use of neural networks, self-learning systems, artificial intelligence systems, etc.). Said self-learning system can generalize the readings of the sensors of several anchor sections described in the present invention. A self-learning system, in the particular case, when an emergency occurs, carries out an analysis of previous sensor readings (described in the framework of the present invention) and the corresponding data are accumulated, and communications are built and accumulated.

The described system can also notify remote users (personnel) in case of failure of at least one element of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit (information processing support unit), etc. Moreover, the notification can be carried out by the personnel alert unit about an emergency in the contact network section located on the anchor section.

A contact network with a contact suspension (suspension) may include wires, for example, a contact wire 203, a supporting cable 206, a reinforcing wire, etc., as well as supports supporting and fixing devices, flexible and rigid cross-pieces (consoles, clamps), insulators and fittings for various purposes.

The contact network is designed for outdoor use and is exposed to various influences (factors), for example, climatic ones, such as ambient temperature, humidity and air pressure, wind, rain, frost, ice, solar radiation, various contaminants in the air, etc. .d., and also it is influenced (and occurs in it) by various thermal processes, in particular, arising from the traction current flowing through the network elements, mechanical impacts on them from current collectors, and electrocorrosive processes, wear and tear. Elements of the contact network must withstand the action of the above effects (factors) and ensure high quality of current collection in any operating conditions.

The described system can verify the accuracy of sensor readings and exceptions when forming a solution of sensor readings with false readings.

In FIG. 2 shows an exemplary installation of structural elements of the system.

One of the objectives of the present invention is the ability to carry out diagnostics and remote continuous monitoring of the railway contact suspension, in order to detect the occurring changes in the elements of the contact network in a continuous automatic mode (at an early stage). When using the system, all or part of the parameters listed below is monitored:

- efforts of tension and temperature of wires and cables,

- movement of goods of compensating devices (cargo compensating devices, cargo compensators),

- tilt angles (according to the results it can give an estimate of the dynamic effect on the supports of the contact network (can be used to assess the dynamic effect on the masts of traffic lights)),

- fix the amount of squeezing (and, thereby, the force of pressing) on the contact wire when exposed to the current collector of the moving unit.

The closest of foreign analogues in technical essence is the on-board system for detecting foreign objects in the size of the contact suspension, developed in the "Research and Technology Center (FTZ)" of German Railways (DBAG). It contains three cameras displaced relative to each other in a horizontal plane, two computers, one of which serves to save video information arriving at a frequency of 10 images per camera per second, which corresponds to 30 MB / s, and the other for control and analysis, as well as a distance measuring device. In any case, more than one camera is needed in order to obtain a third size from a two-dimensional image using triangulation, namely, the distance to the observed objects.

The system described in the present invention makes it possible to formulate and provide personnel with an objective assessment of data on the state of tension forces, temperature of wires and cables, movement of loads of compensating devices, tilt angles and dynamic impact on the supports of the contact network (mast of traffic lights), the amount of squeezing, the force of pressing the contact wire when exposed to the current collector of a moving unit in real time.

The described system allows you to create opportunities for timely preventive maintenance measures to replace defective sections of the contact network and adjust the contact network.

The described system can also be implemented as an intellectual infrastructure with the property of self-diagnosis for assessing the state of objects and devices for electrification and power supply of traction rolling stock, and this property, in the particular case, consists in continuous monitoring and determination of the state of the elements of the contact network of the railway (for example, wires, cables, supports, etc.), in particular, by integrating elements of a number of sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical pairs) into the data structure etrov)), in particular, diagnostic probes, or is such intellectual infrastructure.

The described system, in particular, carrying out (continuous) monitoring of the railway contact suspension (suspension) is characterized by the described:

- information collection and transmission units, which, in a particular case, are devices for processing and / or transmitting information, for example, diagnostic and other information that can be recorded by sensors or result from processing information, for example, obtained from at least one element of the described system, which may include sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) or may be associated with such sensors, in particular, may be connected to such sensors, and Data collection (and transmission) kiosks conduct (carry out) periodic polling of said sensors and / or continuously receive information (data) from such sensors, moreover, said sensors (as well as, in the particular case, blocks including such sensors) can also be (can be implemented) devices. Units for collecting (and transmitting) information, in particular, devices for collecting (processing and / or transmitting) diagnostic information, which can be or include (include) tensometers, inclinometers, accelerometers, weather devices, allow measurements, including complex ones, and assessment states (including complex) of at least a contact suspension with verification of calculations (including verification of evaluation), moreover, tensometers, inclinometers, accelerometers, meteorological instruments can also be made with the ability to measure rhenium, including complex, and assessment of the state (including complex), at least catenary with test calculations (including verification assessment);

- at least one unit (module, device, etc.) of wireless transmission (and reception) of information (data) using a wireless connection (wireless network, in particular, a radio frequency network), for example, which is a wireless data transmission path, at least one intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121 and at least one local server (linear station concentrator, linear station concentrator (monitoring)) 111;

- at least one block (module, device, etc.) of wired transmission (and reception) of information (data) using a wired connection (wired network), for example, which is a wired communication path with objects of central posts and centers (monitoring), in particular, being control centers, the personnel of which use user devices (devices for interacting with end users), including mobile devices of the user, and the said personnel interact with the devices you user, e.g., in order to obtain the information transmitted by at least one acquisition unit (and transmit) data 102;

- devices for interacting with end users, which may be user devices (including user’s mobile devices), for example, stationary workstations (workstations), workstations that operate on the thin client technology and are deployed on any mobile device (user), for example, on mobile devices operating personnel.

In the particular case, the contact suspension may consist of at least one contact wire 203 suspended from the supporting devices of the supports installed at certain distances from each other, and such distances are the lengths of the spans.

An honest case of a contact suspension is a single chain contact suspension, which consists of a support cable 206 suspended from supporting devices, such as consoles, and one or two contact wires (203) attached to the lower ends of the strings installed at regular intervals on the support cable 206 .

The support cable 206 can be placed with a significant sag, determined at least by the span (for example, 60-70 m) and the load from the weight of the support cable 206 and the contact wire 203 suspended from it.

Single and more complex contact pendants may contain at least one contact wire 203.

In a semi-compensated suspension, when the ambient temperature (air) and the continuous current flowing through the contact wires (203) and heat them change, the arrow of the sag of the support cable 206 changes and, as a result, the arrow of the sag suspended from the contact wire 203 changes. In this case, the tension of the contact wire 203 remains unchanged, the quality of current collection at extremely high and low ambient temperatures may deteriorate, since the arrows of its sag (positive and negative) become very large.

Contact wires (203) are connected to the support cable 206 by means of strings.

In order to prevent longitudinal displacement of the contact wire 203 of the entire anchor section and to reduce the amount of damage when the contact wire 203 is broken, an average anchoring is arranged in the middle of the anchor section of the half-compensated suspension, where the contact wire 203 is connected to the supporting cable 206 by two branches of the inclined cable.

Anchoring wires is the attachment of contact suspension wires through the insulators and fittings included in them to the anchor support and transferring tension to it, moreover, the anchoring of the wires is uncompensated (rigid) anchoring or compensated anchoring through a compensator.

In the present invention, the sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) (118) can be any of the sensors described in the present invention, as well as any known sensors and other means for determining the state of railway infrastructure objects, including railway tracks, contact suspension, railway automation, telemechanics and communications, as well as the environment.

Contact suspension is isolated from grounded elements by plate or rod insulators.

The suspension is divided into separate anchor sections, for example, from 0.8 to two kilometers long, the contact wires (203) of which are not mechanically connected. The contact wire 203 at the end of each section is fixed (anchored) on the anchor supports, the bearing cables (206) can be anchored at certain intervals, for example, after 5, 6, 7, etc. kilometers. At a certain temperature (for example, under normal conditions) of the environment, the contact wire 203 can be located without any wires, providing the necessary and sufficient current collector. When the ambient temperature changes, the length of the load-bearing cables (206) and contact wires (203), their tension and sag arrows, as a rule, change, and the current collection conditions deteriorate. To maintain normal current collection, several methods of anchoring bearing cables (206) and contact wires (203) on anchor supports are usually used.

The suspension, in which the bearing cables (206) and contact wires (203) are attached to the anchor support, is rigidly uncompensated. In a semi-compensated chain suspension, the support cable 206 is anchored on the anchor support rigidly, and the contact wire 203 through cargo compensators ((cargo) compensating devices).

The average anchoring allows you to reduce the destruction zone of the contact network when the contact wire 203 is broken in any part of the anchor section. The average anchoring and (freight) expansion joints when the temperature (for example, the environment) changes, the contact wire 203 can carry out longitudinal movement along the (railway) track from the average anchoring.

Load compensators typically include a compensator unit, which consists of a roller mounted on a fork and rotating in ball bearings. Three-block cargo compensators allow you to have the weight of the cargo, in the particular case of 25 percent of the tension that must be created in anchored wires. Loads can be collected from individual reinforced concrete elements.

To ensure the longitudinal movement of the wires of the compensated suspension when temperature changes (the environment, wires, etc.), the supporting cable is suspended on (swivel) consoles. For the medium anchoring device, one console in the middle of the anchor section can be made fixed and rigidly fixed with two guy rods to adjacent supports, which creates an average anchoring of the compensated suspension.

It is also worth noting that at least one block of the described invention (in particular, the described system) can be implemented by the device or be part of the device, and in the particular case, can be performed using a single housing and / or several buildings, in particular interconnected by any known type of connection.

Sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) (118) allow you to measure the tensile force and temperature of wires and cables, the amount of movement of loads of compensating devices, the angles of inclination of the supports of the contact suspension and allows you to evaluate the dynamic effects on the supports of the contact network, record the amount of squeezing of the contact wires, transmit the collected information and the subsequent assessment of the technical condition of the elements of the whole structure.

It is worth noting that the sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) (118) can include wired or wireless communication units (information transmitting units, information transmitters, transmitting devices) and, together with (vertically directed) antennas and repeaters, form a network data transmission with a distributed topology with the possibility of reconfiguration when disconnected or faulty wired or wireless communication units, and allow you to store data in their associated data stores th sensors.

The collection and transmission of information about the state of the elements of the contact network is carried out by means of at least one unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102 generated by at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 (FIG. 4) described in the framework of the present invention of the described system (monitoring), which, in the particular case, are stationary located along the contact network along its entire length in specially selected places for connection. Data transmission can be carried out by data transmission modules, for example, being part of at least one block described in the framework of the present invention, in the particular case, is carried out in the allowed frequency range (for example, unlicensed).

The described system may contain suspension sensors (measurements) that can be distributed at least on one anchor section of the contact network.

As sensors of physical parameters, blocks of measurement of physical parameters 118 (FIG. 4) can be used, including sensors (forces) of tension 201 and / or sensors of movement of loads of compensating devices, and / or a sensor for monitoring the angle of inclination of supports 212, and / or a strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge) 313, and / or any other of the sensors described in the framework of the present invention.

In the particular case, the described system may include at least one tension sensor (force) 201 of the tension sensors (force) mounted on the wires and cables (in particular, at least one carrier cable 206), for example, with a frequency polling 1 Hz (1 time per second), registers changes in the tension force (wires and / or cables).

In the particular case, the sensor (efforts) of the tension 201 tension is the sensor of tension of the contact wire and / or (carrier) cable.

The described system may also include sensors for tensioning the cables of cargo compensating devices, in particular, according to the number of cables of individual sections or cable segments used in each of the cargo compensating devices.

The described system may contain sensors of current flowing through the contact wire, as well as sensors of current flowing through the support cable.

In the particular case, the described system may include at least one temperature sensor 207 that measures the temperature at a predetermined (predefined) frequency, for example, once every few minutes, hours, etc. (for example, once every 15 minutes or 30 minutes, or once per hour, etc.).

In the particular case of the installation location (in particular, the mounting location) of at least one temperature sensor 207 may coincide with the installation location (in particular, mounting location) of the tension sensors (forces) (201). In the particular case, temperature sensors 207 (and / or tension sensors (forces) (201)) can be installed in places with the highest current density.

The temperature sensor 207 can be used to measure the temperature of the contact wire, support cable or ambient temperature. So, in the particular case, the temperature sensor 207 can be a temperature sensor of the contact wire, and, in the particular case, such temperature sensors of the contact wire can be installed at least near the sensors of the sensor (force) tension (contact wire). Also, temperature sensor 207 may be an ambient temperature sensor. Also, temperature sensor 207 may be a support cable sensor.

The temperature sensor 207 can be made in the form of an active or passive temperature sensor, for example, can be made in the form of a sensor with a sensor based on SAW technology.

In the particular case, the temperature sensor of the contact wire allows you to set (fix) the change in the contact wire, for example, wear, in particular, with a decrease in the thickness of such a contact wire, and the temperature sensor of the support cable allows you to set (fix) the change in the support cable, for example, wear, in in particular, with a decrease in the thickness of such a support cable. It should be noted that information (in particular, recorded readings) from the temperature sensor of the contact wire and the temperature sensor of the support cable can be compared with the information of the sensor of the ambient temperature in order to establish changes in the support cable and contact wire.

If a wire or cable wears out or a defect or damage occurs in it, then with the same flowing current, the current density increases and temperature rises, accompanying the heating of the wire recorded by the corresponding temperature sensor, information about the current flowing through the wire and the temperature of the wire is processed in the system, for example , a computing unit designed to monitor the state of the wires of the contact network or using fog computing technology, and, with extreme wear or damage Using a contact wire, the system generates a warning about a potential emergency. The notification is transmitted to operational personnel or to the user responsible for organizing work to prevent an emergency. In the particular case, when the appropriate personnel are unavailable, an alert is sent to all users connected to the system. The temperature sensor of the contact wire and the temperature sensor of the supporting cable, in combination with the ambient temperature sensor, allow more to determine the specific heat of the cable or wire, respectively, by comparing the temperature of the wire or cable and the ambient temperature.

 The ambient temperature sensor can be integrated into a weather station, which can also collect data on wind speed, precipitation intensity and other information that can be used as an accompanying decision-making about an emergency.

In the particular case, the temperature sensor of the contact wire and / or the temperature sensor of the support cable, and / or the ambient temperature sensor can be combined (including in a single housing). Thus, a weather station (in particular, in conjunction with a temperature sensor for the contact wire and / or a temperature sensor for the support cable) allows you to (accurately) establish the heat emission of the cable or wire, respectively, by comparing the temperature of the wire or cable and the ambient temperature.

In the particular case, the described system may include sensors (measurements) of the direction and strength of the wind, and, in the particular case, at least one of these sensors can be part of a weather station (meteorological device).

The described system also includes at least one sensor for monitoring the integrity of the strings connecting the contact wires (203) with the supporting cable 206.

In the particular case, the described system may include icing sensors for the contact wire, in particular, mounted on the contact wire or the (bearing) cable, and which can be used to establish the fact of icing of the contact wire or the (bearing) cable. In the particular case, when the contact wire or (carrier) cable is iced up, their tension can (significantly) increase (or decrease), in particular, due to jamming of the rollers of the compensation device blocks or (compensation device blocks). The icing sensors generate information (data) that can be processed by at least one element of the described system in order to identify possible icing.

The sensor of movement of cargoes of compensating devices contained in the described system, made on the basis of (using), for example, an optoelectronic and / or radio-electronic device (which, in a particular case, includes a receiver and a transmitter), records, for example, with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz (10 once per second) the position of the monitoring object.

Control of the movement of cargoes of compensating devices (cargo compensating devices) can be based on (carried out using) optoelectronic emitters 210. Using active optical meters installed at different levels of the contact suspension anchor bracket, the distance to the upper loads 208 in garlands (garlands of goods) is determined . The second embodiment is based on a sensor with radio frequency communication (radio frequency sensor) 209. This sensor 209 is located along the support along the entire length of the movement of the garland, a label 211 is attached to the garland, for example, an RF (passive and / or active) label (for example, RFID- label (from the English Radio Frequency IDentification)). On each garland, label 211 has a unique identifier. When moving the label 211 along the sensor 209, its position is determined. In the particular case, to control the movement of goods of compensating devices, two sensors can be installed, for example, two optoelectronic (or radio-electronic) sensors for each set of goods.

In the particular case, the described system may include at least one vibration sensor, which can be located near the load-compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring.

The sensor for monitoring the angles of inclination of the supports 212 records the angles of inclination along two axes and gives an estimate of the dynamic effect on the supports of the contact network (this sensor, in particular, the device, can also be directly used to monitor the angles of inclination of the mast of traffic lights).

A strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge) 313 mounted on a flexible fixture, for example, with a sampling frequency of 1 Hz, measures the contact wire release (where the release is the movement of the wire (up) under the action of the current collector).

The described system may also include accelerometers, which can be used to clarify the release of the wire (in particular, recorded by strain gauges 313) or to detect buildup of rolling stock on a (railway) track, in particular on a curved sheet, a sheet with defects.

The values measured (by sensors) are transmitted, in particular, using a wired connection and / or a wireless connection (in particular, implemented by at least one of the known interfaces), for example, via a radio channel, to linear points located at nearby stations (in in particular, they are control centers, which, in a particular case, can be smaller in size and include less equipment, compared to central posts, and, in a particular case, monitor, for example, one or two (sometimes olshe) distilled between (railway) stations) described system (monitoring). In addition, to reduce the load on a wireless network (radio frequency network, wireless path) of data transmission, at least one intermediate server (intermediate hub, relay hub) 121, for example, which are base stations (Wi-Fi, mobile cellular communications (GSM), satellite communications, trunked communications and data transmission channels with ultra-low power consumption, forming complex wireless networks with mesh topology, etc.), a router, access point, etc. The number and location of such servers (hubs) depends on the specific monitoring object and its specifics (topology, path profile, visibility, etc.). Local servers (concentrators of linear posts, linear concentrators) 111 can be located along the entire length of the railway section with a frequency of 15-20 km. Intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121 line point information provide the collection and analysis of information from at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 and / or from at least one collection unit (and transmission) information 102, and / or at least one local server (line post concentrators, line concentrators) 111 with subsequent transmission of the state of the contact suspension elements to the upper hierarchy level (systems, networks, etc.), for example, the center ny server (information single hub) 131, in particular if the network is hierarchical.

Access to information generated by sensors and / or stored by sensors by at least one element of the described system (blocks, devices, modules, servers, etc.) can be carried out by personnel (users), in particular, using user devices (devices for interacting with end users), including mobile devices of the user, for example, using various services, Web applications, Web sites, applications, systems (applications, services, etc.) of exchange, including instant exchange , Messages (for example, using clients (client applications), including those installed on the user's devices.

The local server (line posts hub) 111, the intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121 and the central server (single hub) 131 information can be or can be implemented by at least one physical or virtual (software) server, including a virtual server , a network server, a dedicated computer, a cloud server, etc.), and such servers (hubs) may be equipped with (may include) at least one unit (module) of wireless transmission (and reception) of data 415 and / or block ( odule) wired transmission (and reception) of data 416.

The described system comprises information collection (and transmission) blocks 102 connected by a wire or wireless interface with tension sensors (efforts) 201 mounted on a contact wire and / or directly in the gap between the beam with insulators 205 and the balancing block of the compensator 204 carrying the cable 206 and contact wire 203.

The temperature sensor 207, in the particular case, is mounted (directly) on the contact wire 203, fixed in the clamp.

The sensor for monitoring the angle of inclination of the supports 212, in a particular case, can be performed (implemented) on the basis of a biaxial inclinometer. The dynamic characteristics sensor (201), in a particular case, can be implemented with a three-axis accelerometer. In this invention, inclinometers can be distributed over the contact wire with the possibility of determining the amount of squeeze calculated based on the known distance between the inclinometers and the angle of the contact wire when exposed to the current collector of the locomotive. At least one element of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit (information processing support unit, etc.) is configured to determine the squeeze value based on the readings of inclinometers (or at least one other device, for example, strain gauge). In the particular case, the accuracy of the inclinometer readings is checked (by means, in particular, elements of the system) according to the readings of the strain gauge sensors.

The strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge) 313, in a particular case, is used by installing a strain gauge mounted on a flexible retainer (as shown in FIG. 3). This strain gauge (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge) 313 can be implemented as a weld point sensor. Information is collected and transmitted by information collection (and transmission) units (102) connected by a wired (or wireless, depending on the implementation method) interface to at least one of the described sensors. One of the features of the implementation of measurements in the described system (monitoring) by strain gauge 313 is that the force pressing the current collector on the contact wire is recorded directly. In a first approximation, the pressing force of the current collector will determine the amount of squeezing of the contact wire.

Vehicle current collectors can participate in the learning and decision-making process by a self-learning system capable of making decisions based on the data of at least one sensor, devices for collecting (diagnostic) information, etc. by measuring the current through the current collector (for example, using current sensors, current collector sensors, etc.). With a large discrepancy between the currents in the contact wire and the carrier cable and the currents in the current collectors (described by the system), a decision can be made about a short to ground or an increase in leakage current. In a particular case, the leakage current may increase in rain (rain, wet weather, etc.), which is a standard situation, or the leakage current may increase in dry weather, which is an emergency situation (in particular, an emergency or pre-emergency situation), and the system, by implementing the functions of at least one element of the described system, can send personnel a message (notification, etc.) about the need to carry out checks, repairs, shutdowns, etc.

Mentioned vehicles may be specialized measuring laboratories, in the particular case, the period of use of which in one section (in particular, including the anchor section) is significantly reduced (in time and frequency). So, for example, one measuring laboratory can be used in a larger number of mentioned areas.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows an exemplary installation of a strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge).

Information collection (and transmission) blocks (102), in particular, which are stationary devices, are installed at designated points on the structures of the railway contact network and can be placed along the entire length of the contact suspension on the console, as well as at points or on average anchoring ropes carrying the cable 206 and the contact wire, anchor supports and in the area of average anchoring (composition (types) and number of sensors 201 can also be reduced, for example, depending on the required amount of diagnostic information for each anchor part weaving).

FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102 with sensors (201) of the described system.

In a particular case, the information collection (and transmission) block 102 may include the body of the information collection (and transmission) block 402.

The information collection (and transmission) block 102 comprises an uninterruptible power supply unit (autonomous power supply) 414 or can be connected to such a block 414. Information collection (and transmission) block 102 may contain an information processing support unit (or may be associated with it), processing information obtained from at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurement (physical parameters)) 118, and the information processing support unit may contain at least one computing module, in a particular case, yuschiysya microprocessors, microcontrollers, single board computers, computer, etc. and in the particular case can be implemented (be) a computing device.

In the particular case, uninterruptible power supplies (stand-alone power supply) 414, the described sensors, servers (hubs, repeaters, central server, etc.) or other elements of the described system can be connected to solar panels and / or solar panels.

In the particular case, the information collection (and transmission) block 102 may be an information processing support block or a part thereof, the information processing support block may include at least one information collection (and transmission) block 102.

It should be noted that at least one block of the described system (including servers), for example, the information processing support unit, is made uninterruptedly connected to the information collection (and transmission) block 102, and is configured to process information in such a way that The results of processing the information generated by the described sensors continuously form decisions on the guaranteed absence or possible presence of an emergency at the anchor section, and, when forming a decision on the possible presence of an emergency sieve ation, formed an emergency alert sent across the network trouble-free data transfer (mobile) user devices ((operational) staff), responsible for the section of the contact network, which is the anchor site.

It is worth noting that at least one element of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit 102 (information processing support unit, etc.) can be configured to generate an emergency alert at predetermined readings, according to at least one of the sensors described in the framework of the present invention, or with at least one predetermined combination of readings of predetermined such sensors, and the predetermined readings of these sensors are characterized by a range of nings.

The information collection (and transmission) block 102 may include a microprocessor block (microprocessor device) 417 for processing information, including primary analog-to-digital, information processing. In the particular case of the invention, at least one microprocessor unit 417 may be part of an information processing support unit or may be connected (in particular, connected, connected) with it. It is also worth noting that such a microprocessor unit 417 may contain at least one microprocessor, a microcontroller, a single-board computer, a computer, etc. (and / or may be implemented by at least one of them). The information collection (and transmission) block 102 may also include a wireless data transmission (and reception) block (module) 415, in particular, which is a wireless communication kit (radio transmitter, radio transceiver), and a wire transmission (and reception) block (module) data 416, in particular, which is a set of wired communication (wired interface for input (and output) of data), and the block of wired transmission (and reception) of data 416 is connected to (fixed on the monitoring object) at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physically parameters)) 118, in particular with a set of sensors, depending upon the type described in the present invention measurements. It is worth noting that at least one sensor (of physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118, in particular, a set of sensors can be installed separately from the information collection (and transmission) block 102 and, in a particular case, can be connected with it (s) a cable or can send and receive data (in particular, in the form of a signal) using a wireless connection (over a wireless communication channel) depending on the implementation of the present invention.

The information collection (and transmission) unit 102 may transmit data received (and in particular, accumulated and / or processed as described in the framework of the present invention) from at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 to intermediate servers (intermediate hubs (of data, information)) 121, in particular, located at a nearby (railway) station, via a wired (or wireless) communication method to a central server (into a single hub) 131 information.

In the particular case, the information collection (and transmission) unit 102 may collect information from at least one current collector sensor (including, but not limited to, a contact wire release sensor (strain gauge, strain gauge) 313) of the vehicle located under the contact network of the anchor section.

To monitor the state of the efforts of the wires and the bearing cable 206 of the contact network on one anchor section (between two adjacent anchor supports), it is sufficient to place from 4 (four) to 8 (eight) tension sensors (forces) (201). It is worth noting that in the particular case, at least one of the aforementioned tension sensors (forces) 201 can be used. To control the temperature of the contact wire at the anchor section, 2 (two) temperature sensors are sufficient (207). It is worth noting that in the particular case, at least one of the mentioned temperature sensors 207 can be used. To control the angle of inclination and vibration of the supports on the anchor section, it is sufficient to install three sensors for monitoring the angle of inclination of the supports 212 and the accelerometer, one on each anchor support and on middle anchor support.

To control the release of the contact wire, a strain gauge sensor (contact wire release sensor, strain gauge) 313 is mounted on a flexible clamp fixed, for example, to a support. The value of the release of the contact wire in this case will depend on the value of the bend of the clamp. The exact value of the squeeze can be determined by a predetermined table, which can be compiled by calibrating the corresponding sensor. As a rule, the number of such sensors (313) is selected at least four per one anchor section. In the particular case, one mentioned sensor 313 can also be used.

Each unit of collection (and transmission) of information 102 is connected to at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118.

In the particular case, at least one of the elements of the described system, for example, the information collection (and transmission) unit 102 can additionally store (in at least one data store) information generated by sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters) ) 118, an indefinite time, in particular from a few milliseconds to several hours, days, years. In the particular case, the unit for collecting (and transmitting) information 102 periodically (with a predetermined interval, for example, specified in the software of such a unit, in the microprocessor unit 417, etc.) or continuously collects (receives) information (data), in particular, from sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118. Moreover, the information collected by at least one of the elements of the described system can be transmitted, in particular, in batch mode upon request (for example, from at least one in between a server (intermediate hub) 121 and / or at least one local server (linear concentrator stations) 111 and / or central server (single concentrator information)) 131 or periodically. It should be noted that the information collection (and transmission) block 102 can process information generated by sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 before transmitting it, as described above. So, at least one of the elements of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit 102 using such information processing, can generate and transmit messages (to intermediate servers (to intermediate hubs) 121 and / or local servers (line post concentrators ) 111, and / or to the central server (a single information concentrator)) 131 about the pre-emergency mode, about the emergency mode, etc. It is worth noting that such messages (in the particular case, alerts) can be transmitted by at least one of the elements of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) unit 102 periodically or immediately, in particular, after the formation of such messages. It is also worth noting that the information received by the information collection (and transmission) block 102 from sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118 can also be transmitted periodically or immediately (immediately) after it is received by the information collection (and transmission) block 102. So for example, a message about the pre-emergency mode (a message about the possible, potential, upcoming, etc. occurrence of an emergency (accident)) can be transmitted by the information collection (and transmission) block 102 several minutes after receiving information from the crashed sensors or after processing data from the sensors, and a message about the emergency mode (of the (completed) accident) can be transmitted immediately after receiving information from the said sensors or after processing data from the sensors.

If there are reasons that directly affect the wires, the cable (in particular, the support cable 206), the support of the contact network, changes occur in at least one corresponding sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118. By means of a microprocessor unit 417, which is part of the information collection (and transmission) unit 102, controls and preprocesses information (data) from at least one sensor (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118.

It should be noted that the data warehouse (444), in which the information collection (and transmission) block 102 can store information (processed and / or generated by sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118), can be part of the collection block ( and transmission) of information 102 or may be associated with it in any known (or invented later) way. Said data storage is a device for storing information (data) and can be implemented (be) at least one hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD, English . solid-state drive), a hybrid hard drive (SSHD, English solid-state hybrid drive), a storage area network (SHAN / SAN, English Storage Area Network), a network storage system / network storage (NAS, English Network Attached Storage) and / or any other device that allows at least writing to the device, reading from the device TWA and / or data storage on the device. Data in data warehouses can be stored in any known format, for example, in a database (DB), for example, in the form of at least one table or a set of related or unrelated database tables. It should be noted that at least one of the mentioned databases can be hierarchical, object, object-oriented, object-relational, relational, network and / or functional database, each of which can be centralized, concentrated, distributed, heterogeneous, homogeneous, fragmented / partitioned, replicated, spatial, temporal, spatio-temporal, cyclic, super-large database, etc., moreover, for the management, creation and use of databases can be used use various database management systems (DBMS).

Also, data in data warehouses can be stored in at least one file, in particular, in the form of a text file, or data can be stored in any at least one other data / information storage format currently known or in the format data invented later.

At least one of the elements of the described system, for example, an information collection (and transmission) block 102 (information processing support block, etc.) may contain a data interface element (in particular, a network coordinator), which provides docking, registration, and security in the data transmission network of the monitoring system, which, in a particular case, is caused by the need to fulfill the requirements for safe connection to the general technological data transmission network of the railway.

The results obtained using a wired and / or wireless connection, in particular, a wired and / or wireless interface (for example, via a radio channel) are transmitted to intermediate servers (intermediate hubs) 121 of the system and / or local servers (line post hubs) 111, in in a particular case, located in close proximity to the monitoring object, and / or, on central servers (single information concentrators) 131. In a particular case, intermediate servers (intermediate concentrators) 121 and / or locally The primary servers (line post concentrators) 111 provide, in particular, the collection and analysis of information received from the information collection (and transmission) units (102) with the subsequent transmission of data to a central server (into one single information concentrator) 131. It is worth noting that, in the particular case, at least one intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121 and / or at least one local server (linear post hub) 111 can transmit (to a central server (to a single hub)) information (data s) 131, obtained from at least one unit of collection (and transmission) of information 102 without processing (analysis) of the received data. It is also worth noting that at least one information collection (and transmission) unit 102 can transmit information generated, in particular, recorded, by sensors (physical parameters, measurements (physical parameters)) 118, to at least one intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121 and / or at least one local server (linear post hub) 111, and / or to a central server (into a single information hub) 131, without processing such sensors generated (physical parameters, measurements (physical of their parameters)) 118 information.

It is worth noting that the data transferred (and, in particular, processed) to the central server (single information hub) 131 and / or the intermediate server (intermediate hub) 121, and / or the local server (linear post hub) 111 data can be stored, according to in at least one data warehouse.

It should be noted that the present invention proposes the installation of sensors (efforts) tension 201 on the cable (in particular, the bearing cable 206) at the point of average anchoring of the contact wire on each side of the support in the gap. This allows you to record changes in the tension of the contact wire, depending on the angle of rotation of the consoles on the intermediate supports.

In the particular case, the sensors (efforts) of the tension 201 can be located near the load-compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring.

Using the proposed system (continuous monitoring) allows precise control of the actual remaining life of the contact suspension infrastructure and, in general, reduce the cost of operating the railway contact network. Using the received data (in particular, stored and / or processed and / or transmitted by the information collection (and transmission) block 102, for example, to intermediate servers (to intermediate hubs) 121, and / or to local servers (line post concentrators) 111, and / or to a central server (a single information concentrator)) 131 allows you to (accurately) fine tune the contact network that was previously performed (only) during (its) construction. In addition, the proposed invention allows to improve the conditions of current collection, thereby preventing emergency situations and reducing the interaction of rolling stock and contact network. This reduces the number of defects.

In FIG. 5 shows an example of a general-purpose computer system, which includes a multi-purpose computing device in the form of a computer 20 or a server, or a mobile (computing) device, or a module of the system described in the present invention, which, in the particular case, can be computing devices of an operator, central a server, etc. including a processor 21, a system memory 22, and a system bus 23 that couples various system components, including system memory, to a processor 21.

The system bus 23 may be any of various types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. System memory 22 includes read-only memory (ROM) 24 and random access memory (RAM) 25. The ROM 24 stores the basic input / output system 26 (BIOS), consisting of basic routines that help exchange information between elements within the computer 20, for example at the time of launch.

Computer 20 may also include a hard disk drive 27 for reading from and writing to a hard disk (not shown) and an optical disk drive 30 for reading from or writing to a removable optical disk 31 such as a compact disc, digital video disk and other optical means. The hard disk drive 27 and the optical disk drive 30 are connected to the system bus 23 via, respectively, the hard disk drive interface 32 and the optical drive interface 34. Storage devices and their respective computer-readable means provide non-volatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for computer 20.

Although the typical configuration described here uses a hard disk and a removable optical disk 31, one skilled in the art will appreciate that other types of computer-readable media that can store computer-accessible data, such as magnetic tapes, can also be used in a typical operating environment. flash memory cards, digital video discs, Bernoulli cartridges, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), etc.

Various software modules, including operating system 35, may be stored on a hard disk, optical disk 31, ROM 24, or RAM 25. Computer 20 includes a file system 36 associated with or included in the operating system 35, one or more software applications (applications) 37, other program modules 38 and program data 39. A user can enter commands and information into a computer 20 using input devices such as a keyboard 40 and pointing device 42. Other input devices (not shown) may include BOJ microphone, joystick, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, or any other.

These and other input devices are connected to the processor 21 often through a serial port interface 46 that is connected to the system bus, but can be connected via other interfaces, such as a parallel port, game port, or universal serial bus (USB). A monitor 47 or other type of visual display device is also connected to the system bus 23 via an interface, for example, a video adapter 48. In addition to the monitor 47, personal computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and printers.

The host adapter 55 allows you to transfer data between the system bus 23 and the storage device 57 (storage device for information (data)).

Computer 20 may operate in a networked environment through logical connections to one or more remote computers 49. The remote computer (or computers) 49 may be another computer, server, router, network PC, peer to peer device, or other node on a single network, and typically also includes includes most or all of the elements described above with respect to computer 20, although only a (remote) storage device (information) 50 is shown. Logical connections include a local area network (LAN) 51 and a global cial computer network (GKC) 52. Such networking environments are usually common in offices, enterprise-wide computer networks, the Internet.

The computer 20 used in the LAN network environment is connected to the local area network 51 via a network interface or adapter 53. The computer 20 used in the GC network environment typically uses a modem 54 or other means to establish communication with the global computer network 52, such as the Internet.

The modem 54, which may be internal or external, is connected to the system bus 23 via the serial port interface 46. In a networked environment, program modules or parts thereof described with reference to computer 20 may be stored on a (remote) storage device (of information). It should be noted that the network connections shown are typical, and other means may be used to establish communication communication between computers.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the information provided in the description are examples that do not limit the scope of the present invention defined by the claims. One skilled in the art will recognize that there may be other embodiments of the present invention consistent with the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the monitoring system can be easily adapted for integration with other industrial and transport facilities using contact suspension, which include trolleybus and tram lines. In addition, the invention can be used to monitor the status of power lines.

Claims (27)

1. A system for continuous monitoring of the state of the contact network of the rail transport, comprising sensors of physical parameters of the suspension distributed at least on one anchor section of the contact network, a unit for collecting information generated by sensors, a unit for processing information collected by the unit for collecting information, and an alert unit for personnel about an emergency on the contact network section located on the anchor section, where the information collection unit and the information processing support unit are connected about power circuits for at least one uninterruptible power supply unit, the information processing support unit is made uninterruptedly connected to the information collection unit and is configured to process information in such a way that, based on the results of processing the information generated by the sensors, decisions are made on guaranteed absence or possible availability emergency situation at the anchor section, and when forming a decision on the possible presence of an emergency, an alert is generated about the possibility of occurrence I am in an emergency situation, sent over the uninterrupted data network to the mobile devices of the operational personnel responsible for the contact network section on which the anchor section is located. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency notification is sent over a wireless data network. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an information concentrator made by collecting emergency alerts and transmitting emergency alerts to uninterrupted data transmission networks. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information processing support unit comprises a computing device that processes information. 5. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the information concentrator is configured to receive data from the information processing support unit, transmitting information to the computing devices and collecting information from the computing devices, jointly operating in a fog mode. 6. The system according to p. 1, or 2, or 3, characterized in that the information processing support unit is configured to process information using a self-learning system designed to make decisions on the sensor data, taking into account the generalization of the sensor readings prior to the emergency recorded by the personnel . 7. The system according to p. 4, characterized in that the information processing support unit is configured to generate an emergency alert at predetermined readings of at least one of the sensors or at least one predetermined combination of readings of predetermined sensors. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the predetermined readings of the sensors are characterized by a range of values. 9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the information collection unit is configured to collect information from the current collector sensors of the vehicle located under the contact network of the anchor section. 10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that the self-learning system is configured to summarize the sensor readings of several anchor sections. 11. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it is additionally configured to generate a prohibition signal of a traffic light installed at the entrance to a section that includes an anchor section, with predetermined combinations of data from sensors. 12. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains tension sensors located near cargo compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring. 13. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains vibration sensors located near the load compensating devices, as well as in the area of average anchoring. 14. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension sensors are contact wire tension sensors. 15. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension sensors are load-bearing tension sensors. 16. The system according to p. 11 or 12, characterized in that it further comprises sensors for tensioning the cables of cargo compensating devices according to the number of cables used. 17. The system according to p. 11, characterized in that it contains temperature sensors for the contact wire, installed at least near the sensors of tension of the contact wire. 18. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains sensors of current flowing through the contact wire, and sensors of current flowing through the support cable. 19. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the inclinometers are distributed along the contact wire with the ability to determine the magnitude of the squeeze, and the information processing support unit is configured to determine the squeeze value according to the readings of the inclinometers. 20. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to remotely read the readings of arbitrary sensors at the request of a remote user. 21. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it is designed to notify remote personnel in case of failure of the information processing support unit or the sensor readings collection unit. 22. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to verify the accuracy of the sensor readings and to exclude them when forming a solution of the sensor readings with unreliable readings. 23. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that it contains sensors of direction and strength of the wind. 24. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises contact wire icing sensors. 25. The system according to p. 22, characterized in that it contains tensometers and inclinometers, moreover, the accuracy of the readings of inclinometers is rechecked according to the readings of tensometers. 26. The method of continuous monitoring of the state of the contact network of rail transport, which consists in collecting information from sensors of the physical parameters of the suspension, distributed at least on one anchor section of the contact network, provide processing of the collected information with the possibility of determining the presence of an emergency according to the results of information processing and notify the personnel about the identified emergency situation on the contact network section located on the anchor section, while working of the collected information in such a way that according to the results of processing the information generated by the sensors, decisions are continuously formed on the guaranteed absence or possible presence of an emergency at the anchor section, and when a decision is made on the possible presence of an emergency, an alert is generated about the possibility of an emergency, sent by uninterrupted data transmission networks to mobile devices of the operational personnel responsible for the contact network section on which The black section. 27. The method according to p. 26, characterized in that they provide information processing using a fog computing system using computing devices that are directly or indirectly connected via data networks to the sensors of physical parameters in uninterrupted mode.

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