RU2689843C2 - Medical diagnostic device with detachable distal nozzles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: disclosed group of inventions refers to medical equipment, namely to a controlled detachable distal nozzle for a medical endoscopic device for diagnostic and/or surgical manipulations, a control unit for a nozzle, a medical endoscopic instrument and a method of using a medical endoscopic instrument. Nozzle comprises a tubular part located at the distal section of the above nozzle. Tubular part comprises controlled section located at distal end of tubular part. Nozzle comprises a functional head located at the distal end of the controlled area. Nozzle has connecting part located on proximal portion of nozzle and made with possibility of nozzle joint with control unit of medical endoscopic instrument. Nozzle comprises a nozzle control module containing a control element that can turn the operator. Control module of the nozzle is connected to the tubular part and the connecting part and is configured to create control mechanical actions for control of the controlled section of the tubular part at rotation of the specified control element. Control unit of the nozzle comprises a receiving element configured to attach a controlled detachable distal nozzle. Medical endoscopy device comprises a control unit and a controlled detachable distal nozzle. Method for using a medical endoscopic instrument involves a step of attaching a nozzle to a control unit. Further, power is supplied to control unit. Thereafter, the controlled detachable distal nozzle is inserted into the patient's area of examination. That is followed by diagnostic and/or surgical manipulations determined by the view of the attached controlled detachable distal head piece.EFFECT: technical result is transmission of control signal and quick replacement of nozzle.29 cl, 18 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The present invention relates to medical diagnostic devices used in human and veterinary medicine, such as a video endoscope, diaphanoscope, devices for fluorescent endoscopy, ultrasound endoscopy, laser endoscopic surgery, 3d endoscopy and high-frequency surgery, and to multi-component diagnostic devices, one of whose components, in contact with biological tissues, can be made removable and disposable.

The level of technology

Medical diagnostic devices are widely used in medicine and clinical practice for intracavitary and external diagnostics. One of the common types of medical diagnostic devices used for non-invasive diagnostics is a video endoscope. A video endoscope usually consists of a rigid or flexible endoscopic attachment designed to guide a patient’s body and having a video camera or photomatrix at its distal end, a handle used to manipulate the endoscope from the doctor’s side, and a display device or monitor designed to display the image of the patient’s body portion under investigation. .

Most well-known video endoscopes have a rigid nozzle design. Also known video endoscopes with flexible controlled nozzle, the shape of which can be adjusted using mechanical controls located in the handle of the video endoscope. However, most of these nozzles are made one-piece. This leads to the fact that in order to provide the doctor with a qualitative overview of the cavity under study in a wide range of viewing angles, it is necessary to use several different video endoscopes, for example, having different angles and directions of observation.

Video endoscopic systems are also known, in which the handle of the endoscope is combined with a display monitor, which is connected by cable to the control unit with a video-endoscopic attachment, which in turn is connected to the specified control unit in a one-piece manner.

Known technical endoscopes with an analog composite signal received from a video sensor. To connect the nozzle to the handle of the specified endoscope, RCA coaxial connectors are used, as well as a BNC bayonet connector. An analog signal of PAL, SECAM, etc. standards is transmitted to the indicated connectors. Also known are technical endoscopes with a digital coaxial connector with a bayonet connector for an SDI (Serial Digital Interface) digital signal.

The disadvantages of these video interfaces are the need to digitize data for their storage and processing as an analog composite signal and the need to use additional converters for the digital SDI signal to switch to a mass element base containing chips that have interfaces for converting data from the video sensor. Cost-effective and multi-component solutions are needed for this SDI digital signal conversion. Another disadvantage of all specialized interfaces that use an analog composite signal or a digital SDI signal is the narrow scope due to the transmission of the video signal alone. At the same time, to increase the number of channels, it is necessary to increase the number of contacts placed on the end part of the nozzle of a technical endoscope, which is limited by the diameter of the nozzle itself, which should be very small in the case of medical use. Also the disadvantage of these endoscopes is the impossibility of transmitting through coaxial connectors large currents required for some types of medical diagnostics.

From US 9,107,573 an endoscope with a removable nozzle is known, comprising a handle, a flexible rod-like removable part having a distal end and a proximal end, a connecting mechanism for releasably connecting the handle with a proximal end of the flexible rod-like removable part, a light source and an electronic video sensor such as a CCD- a sensor placed at the distal end of the flexible rod removable part and an image receiving unit placed in the flexible rod removable part, the coupling mechanism comprising electrical signals for power supply to the lighting unit and the image receiving unit, as well as a data channel for transmitting data from the image receiving unit. The proximal half of the flexible removable part is made thickened to accommodate, among other things, the means of controlling the position of the distal end of the flexible stem part, as well as the air valve and the valve for suctioning various body fluids from the inside of the working rod.

The known endoscope has a modular design, as a result of which it is possible to interface one flexible removable part with many different handles, each of which can have its own purpose. At the same time, the replacement of one handle with another requires the performance of many operations that cannot be performed with one hand.

On the one hand, the design of the endoscope described above allows processing, for example, disinfection, handles and a flexible removable part, which simplifies and speeds up the maintenance of the endoscope. However, the removable part is quite expensive, is not disposable, and therefore, along with the handle, is also subject to sterilization before each use.

In addition, the design of such an endoscope is cumbersome, and the scope of application of the flexible rod removable part is limited. Another disadvantage of this endoscope is the placement of the connection area of detachable parts in the area of coverage of the handle palm, which reduces the reliability of this connection due to the impact at the specified connection point of multidirectional forces during the implementation of diagnostic manipulations by the doctor.

From WO 02055126 A2 a system is known for diagnostic and surgical manipulations in vivo.

This system contains a device configured to diagnose in vivo and containing a removable plug-in part and a handle. The removable plug-in part contains a lens and a sensor for in vivo information. The system also contains a transmitter for transmitting the received information, located in the inserted part, and a receiver for receiving it, located in the handle or in a separate electronic unit. The device in a known system can also be performed without a video sensor and can be used to implement mechanical effects, such as intubation or suction, for example, during gastric bleeding and gastric emptying.

In a known system, the inserted part can also be made controlled by wire rods placed inside it. At the same time, the controls for the distal end of the inserted part are located in the handle, so that in order to provide controllability of the distal end of the inserted part when connecting the inserted part and the handle, it is necessary to ensure the mechanical connection of the handle arm and the inserted part. To do this, in a known system, the inserted part and the handle are rotated in opposite directions, thus placing the hooks of the inserted part in the loops of the handle arms. Next, using the handle located on the handle and connected to the threaded elements, pull these threads.

The disadvantages of this system include the impossibility of disconnecting the handle and the flexible inserted part at an arbitrary bending angle of the latter, as well as the need to use a separate mechanism that requires additional operations to prepare the inserted part to work. In addition, the placement of electrical connectors used to transfer the necessary electrical signals between the plug-in part and the handle on the connecting interface located on the end surface of the distal end of the handle increases the likelihood of contamination and damage.

A significant advantage of disposable distal attachments is the elimination of the need for disinfection and sterilization of these distal attachments, as well as the diagnostic device as a whole.

Thus, despite the large variety of known systems, the challenge remains to create diagnostic, in particular, video endoscopic systems with removable interchangeable functional nozzles with different characteristics (length, diameter, distal end controllability, etc.) for diagnostic and surgical procedures that would be combined with the control unit of the system in such a way that, on the one hand, a large number of control signals are transmitted, which ensures a wide The system's versality, on the other hand, would be characterized by the ability to quickly replace nozzles, including “hot-swappable” directly during diagnostics without disconnecting the power source, one-time, low cost, satisfactory hygiene requirements and ease of management.

Disclosure of the invention

According to the general concept of the present invention, the above problem is solved by creating a medical device for diagnostic and surgical manipulations containing a removable distal nozzle and a control unit, with the nozzle and unit made detachable with the possibility of transmitting a large number of signals with compactness and ease of connection. Due to the placement of electronic components to control the distal nozzle in the control unit, the design of the nozzle is facilitated, and its cost is significantly reduced compared with the known analogues. A removable, inexpensive tip can be disposed of after use, which avoids costly sterilization operations.

Providing a cheap disposable tip allows you to significantly reduce medical costs and make high-tech diagnostics available to a wide range of patients.

According to the invention, the nozzle and the control unit are connected by means of the connector proposed by the authors of the present invention, the design of which, on the one hand, provides for the transmission of a large number of signals, and on the other hand, ensures quick, reliable and simple connection and disconnection of the nozzle and the control unit by the operator. According to one aspect of the present invention, the above problem is solved thanks to a removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device comprising

a tubular part located at the distal portion of the said nozzle, a functional head,

the connecting part located on the proximal part of the nozzle and made with the possibility of detachable connection of the nozzle with the control unit of the medical diagnostic device, and

the connecting part contains at least two arranged in a row electrical contact elements made with the possibility of contact with the response contact elements of the control unit when connecting the nozzle to the control unit, and

each subsequent in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle contact element is offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the connecting part.

Due to this arrangement of contact elements, in which each subsequent nozzle in the longitudinal direction of the contact element is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the connecting part, there is a gap between the corresponding contact elements of the nozzle and the receiving element of the control unit during their connection, which avoids friction between contact elements, their premature closure in the process of connecting the nozzle and the control unit. In turn, this facilitates the installation of the nozzle in the control unit and their subsequent separation, increases the service life of the reusable control unit.

In addition, this arrangement of the contact elements allows you to increase their number, which can be achieved at a given thickness, for example, at a given diameter, the connecting part. This is due to the distribution of the contact elements at the same time in the longitudinal and transverse directions, in contrast to their placement in only one cross section or only in the longitudinal direction. It should be noted that in practice it may be necessary to place up to 40-50 contact elements on the nozzle with a limited diameter of the connecting part of the nozzle.

Thanks to the above-described construction of the connecting part, the proposed removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device ensures the achievement of the technical result consisting in the simplicity of its connection and disconnection from the control unit of the diagnostic device and replacement with the other, including through manipulations with one hand, since the presence of a gap reduces the force applied by the operator to connect / disconnect the nozzle.

The proposed connector design of the diagnostic system in conjunction with the placement of electronic components in the control unit leads to the possibility of using various nozzles and other parameters of nozzles and creating diagnostic, in particular, endoscopic systems with inexpensive removable, including disposable, interchangeable functional nozzles that have different characteristics, such as length, diameter, controllability of the distal end of the nozzle, etc. for diagnostic and surgical procedures, characterized by broad versatility. -

The specified location of the contact elements of the connecting part of the nozzle allows you to place a large number of contact elements and to ensure the transfer through them of the required number of electrical and information signals between the nozzle and the control unit of the diagnostic medical device, sufficient, including for transmitting high-resolution image signals, while maintaining the compactness of the nozzle .

According to one embodiment of the invention, the functional head contains a radiation source of greater power and / or different radiation ranges and an optical-electronic module with a lens system and a photosensitive matrix of larger diameter for receiving and transmitting an image with high resolution, in particular, equal to or greater than 4K , while the functional head is placed in the housing of the connecting part, which is made of a significantly larger diameter than the diameter of the tubular part of the removable distal nozzle, benefits This is why it is possible to place sources of radiation of large size and power.

In one embodiment, each subsequent contact element in the proximal direction of the nozzle is displaced relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the connecting part.

In one embodiment, each subsequent nozzle in the distal direction of the nozzle is displaced relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction towards the inside of the connecting part.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the tubular part and the connecting part of the nozzle is made in the form of axisymmetric bodies having a common longitudinal axis of symmetry.

In one embodiment, the connecting part contains a plurality of contact elements arranged in one or several rows that are located inclined to the longitudinal axis of the connecting part or the line connecting the centers of the contact elements of each of these rows is located inclined to a common longitudinal axis of symmetry.

The tilt angle can be selected on the basis of the required number of contact elements that need to be placed at a given diameter of the connecting part.

In various embodiments, the tilt angle is from 0.05 to 89.5 degrees, from 0.5 to 45 degrees, from 5 to 10 degrees, from 7 to 15 degrees, from 2 to 17 degrees, from 3 to 12 degrees, from 3 to 10 degrees, from 5 to 7 degrees, from 5 to 25 degrees, from 10 to 35 degrees, from 15 to 35 degrees, from 20 to 40 degrees, from 25 to 45 degrees.

In one embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the nozzle continuously decreases as the contact elements approach the proximal end of the nozzle.

In another embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of symmetry constantly increases as the contact elements approach the proximal end of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the contact elements of the nozzle are located in a straight line.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the contact elements of the nozzle are located on a curved line.

In one embodiment, the curved line is a helix.

Contact elements are made with the possibility of supplying power through them and / or transmitting information signals between the functional head and the control unit.

In one embodiment, two or more rows of contact elements disposed relative to each other in the circumferential direction of the connecting part are located on the connecting part.

In one embodiment, the nozzle further comprises electrical contact elements located on the end surface of the proximal end of the connecting part.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the nozzle contains guide means that determine the orientation of the nozzle with providing essentially equal clearance between the contact elements of the nozzle and the corresponding response contact elements of the control unit when inserting the nozzle into the control unit. The guide means can be made in the form of a protrusion. In this case, the control unit contains a groove corresponding in shape and size of the protrusion. In another embodiment, the guiding means are made as flats.

In one embodiment, the nozzle includes a radio frequency identification tag for identifying said removable distal nozzle when it is attached to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the nozzle includes a locking element for releasable locking the nozzle in the control unit when it interacts with the locking means located in the specified control unit, the locking element being configured to release the nozzle from the control unit when actuating the extraction means block.

In embodiments of the invention, the functional head contains electronic components that are one of the following: information reading means, for example, a video head; means for generating radiation, for example, a source of ultrasonic radiation, a source of ultraviolet radiation, a source of infrared radiation, a source of visible light, a source of laser radiation; or means of thermal exposure, such as an electrode.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the functional head contains at least one LED to illuminate the site of the survey.

In one embodiment, the implementation of at least one of the contact elements provides power to the nozzle, and the specified at least one contact element has a smaller length than the other contact elements.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the functional head is located at the distal end of the tubular part of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the connecting part of the nozzle has a housing, and a functional head is located inside the said housing and contains at least one source of light radiation used to illuminate the area under study, and an optical-electronic module for receiving optical radiation reflected from the object under study. conversion and formation on its basis of high-resolution video.

In one embodiment, the tubular part of the nozzle includes a protective window located at its distal end and at least two optical channels, one of which is adapted to transmit light radiation from said at least one source of light radiation to said protective window for illumination through it of the studied area, and the second optical channel is made with the possibility of transmitting reflected from the investigated area of light radiation and transmitted through the specified protective window, from the specified of protective window substantially without distortion to the optoelectronic module.

In one embodiment, the connecting part of the nozzle has a body, and the functional head is placed inside the specified body and contains an optical-electronic module for receiving optical radiation reflected from the object under study, transforming it and forming on its basis a high-resolution video signal, and the tubular part of the nozzle contains a protective window and at least one source of light radiation to illuminate the area under study, located at its distal end, and at least one optical An analogue, made with the possibility of transmitting the light radiation reflected from the investigated area and passing through the specified protective window, from the specified protective window to the optical-electronic module.

According to this embodiment of the invention, it is possible to accommodate in the housing a connecting part of an opto-electronic module with a lens system and a photosensitive matrix of larger diameter for receiving and transmitting an image with high resolution, in particular, equal to or greater than 4K.

In one of the embodiments of the implementation of the nozzle is made in the form of essentially axisymmetric bodies having a common longitudinal axis of symmetry.

The above problem has also been solved thanks to a controlled removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device containing

a tubular portion located at the distal portion of said packing, the tubular portion comprising a control portion located at the distal end of the tubular portion,

functional head located at the distal end of the controlled area,

a connecting part located on the proximal portion of the nozzle and configured to detachably connect the nozzle to the control unit of the medical diagnostic device, and

the control module specified nozzle connected to the tubular part and the connecting part and configured to create mechanical control actions to control the controlled section of the tubular part.

In this case, the connection of the control module with the tubular part and the connecting part of the nozzle should be understood as a direct connection of these parts to each other, as well as their indirect connection by means of other components of the nozzle.

Managed removable video endoscopic nozzle according to the present invention ensures the achievement of the technical result consisting in providing a removable distal nozzle with an easy-to-manage control module located on the nozzle itself in close proximity to the handle held by the operator and configured to control the geometric shape, in particular, the bend of the controlled plot of the tubular part of the nozzle, the simplicity and increase the accuracy of control of the bend of the nozzle, ensuring the possibility its use with various medical diagnostic devices and expanding their functionality by providing control of the geometry of the nozzle. Placing nozzle controls on the nozzle itself also makes it possible to abandon the use of mechanical controls located in the control unit, simplify its design and thereby increase its compactness, reliability and ease of manipulation of the controlled distal nozzle. In addition, the nozzle can be compatible with various control units. At the same time, the specified controlled nozzle can be made disposable, which eliminates the costly operation of sterilizing the nozzle and the entire device, increasing the hygiene of medical diagnostics and reducing operating costs. In addition, a controlled removable nozzle according to the present invention allows the manufacture of controlled nozzles with different nozzle parameters, such as the material and diameter of the tubular part, as well as the size and amount of curvature of the controlled section, which can be used with one medical diagnostic device to extend its functionality or different diagnostic devices to increase the usability of the endoscope in various, for example, planned or emergency situations.

In one embodiment, the control module is located between the tubular part and the connecting part.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the tubular part contains a hard section adjacent to the controlled area and connected to the control module nozzle.

In one embodiment, the control module of the controlled removable distal nozzle includes a housing and a control mechanism located inside the housing and configured to mechanically act on the control section to change the geometric shape of the section of the tubular portion to be controlled.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the case of the control module nozzle contains the distal wall and the proximal wall, which are fixed on the proximal continuation of the tubular part.

In one embodiment, the connecting part is adjacent to the proximal wall and is fixedly attached to it.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the housing control module managed removable distal nozzle contains operator-controlled control, covering the control mechanism and configured to transfer mechanical effects on the control mechanism and thereby changing the geometric shape of the controlled section of the tubular part.

In one embodiment, the operator-controlled control has a substantially cylindrical shape.

In one embodiment, the control mechanism comprises at least two thrusts passing inside the tubular part, by means of which the nozzle control module is connected to the controlled section.

Due to the fact that the thrust and control means are completely located inside the nozzle, there is no need to transfer control actions from an external control unit to the specified thrust.

In one embodiment, the controllable portion comprises a cable made in the form of a helix, moreover, said thrusts pass within said helix of a cable.

In one of the embodiments of the cable is made with the possibility of feeding through it and / or transmitting information signals between the functional head and the control unit.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the functional head contains electronic components that constitute at least one of the following: means for reading information, such as a video head; radiation generating means, for example, a source of ultrasonic radiation, a source of ultraviolet radiation, a source of infrared radiation, a source of visible light, a source of laser radiation, or a means of thermal exposure, such as an electrode.

In one embodiment, the nozzle also includes an RFID tag for identifying said controlled removable nozzle when it is attached to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the control mechanism includes a drum, driven in rotation by the control, at least two rods and a guide for the rods, with the distal ends of the at least two rods fixed to the distal end of the controlled section, and their proximal ends are fixed to the drum, moreover, the drum is made with the possibility of winding one thrust and simultaneous winding of the second thrust during its rotation through the specified control to change the geometric shape, in particular bending, directs portion.

In one of the implementation options by winding one thrust and simultaneously winding the second thrust when the drum rotates, the bend of the controlled section of the tubular part is increased in one direction or the bend is reduced in the other direction depending on the direction of rotation of the drum, and the characteristic of the said control is linear.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the control mechanism of the nozzle control module also includes a mechanism for fixing the shape of the controlled area, comprising a spring, a fixed friction element and at least one rotary friction element configured to interact with the fixed friction element by means of said spring to prevent the drum from rotating fixing the required bend of the controlled area.

In one embodiment, the implementation mechanism fixing the shape of the controlled area is made with the possibility of removing the rotary friction element of the interaction with the fixed friction element by longitudinal movement of the control to ensure free rotation of the cylindrical control to change the bend of the controlled section.

In one embodiment, the connecting part contains at least two electrical contact elements made with the possibility of contact with the response contact elements of the control unit when connecting the nozzle to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the contact elements made in the form of spring-loaded contact elements, the height of which in the free state is greater than in the state of contact with the contact elements of the control unit after connecting the nozzle to the control unit.

In one embodiment, these electrical contact elements are arranged in one or more rows on the connecting part, with each contact element of each row in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle being offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction inwards.

In one embodiment, at least one of said contact elements provides for power supply through it to the nozzle, wherein said at least one contact element has a smaller length than the other contact elements.

These signs provide the ability to quickly replace the nozzle, including its "hot-swap" directly during the diagnosis without disconnecting the power source, due to the fact that the closure of the contacts that are energized occurs last, when all other contacts are closed. Similarly, when disconnected, the contacts that are energized are disconnected first.

The present invention also relates to a control unit for a removable distal nozzle of a medical diagnostic device, comprising

the receiving part for attaching the removable distal nozzle to the control unit,

an electronic unit for controlling the electronic components of the distal nozzle and

at least two electrical contact elements that are responsive to the electrical contact elements of the removable distal nozzle, located in a row on the said receiving part and made contacting with the contact elements of the removable distal nozzle when connecting it to the control unit,

and each subsequent in the longitudinal direction of the receiving part of the reciprocal contact element is offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the receiving part.

In one embodiment, each subsequent element in the proximal direction of the receiving part of the contact element is shifted relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the receiving part.

In one embodiment, each subsequent distal-receiving element of the contact element is offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the receiving part.

In one embodiment, the receiving part contains a plurality of contact contact elements arranged in one or several rows extending in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the line connecting the centers of the response contact elements of each of these rows is located inclined to the common longitudinal axis of symmetry of the receiving part.

In various embodiments, the angle of inclination of said row or rows is selected from the following intervals: from 0.05 to 89.5 degrees, from 0.5 to 45 degrees, from 5 to 10 degrees, from 7 to 15 degrees, from 10 to 15 degrees, from 10 to 20 degrees, from 5 to 25 degrees, from 10 to 35 degrees, from 15 to 35 degrees, from 20 to 40 degrees, from 25 to 45 degrees.

In one embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the receiving part decreases as the contact elements approach the proximal end of the receiving part.

In another embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the receiving part increases constantly as the contact elements approach the proximal end of the receiving part.

As a result of the experimental tests carried out in the process of creating the invention, it was found that the combination of these signs allows, first, to place a large number of contact elements with a limited diameter of the connector formed by the receiving part and the connecting part, which is usually from 10 to 15 mm, and - second, to ensure ease of connection, reduce friction and eliminate or reduce the likelihood of unauthorized accidental closure of pairs of contact elements of the nozzle and handle in the process Settings nozzle into the handle.

Experimentally, the preferred inclination angle was set, on which, on the one hand, exclusion or reduction of the probability of unauthorized accidental closure of pairs of contact elements of the connector, reduction of friction, and ease of connection, and on the other hand, the compactness of the connecting part, and, accordingly, the receiving part handles, as well as a comfortable amount of force applied by a specialist in connecting the connector, installing the connecting part in the handle and disconnecting us DKI and the handle at the end of work. In one embodiment, the response contact elements are arranged in a straight line.

In one embodiment, the response contact elements are arranged along a curved line, wherein the indicated curved line can be a helix or helix, for example, in the case of a conical shape of connecting and receiving parts.

In one embodiment, the response contact elements are adapted to supply power through them and / or transmit information signals between the control unit and the removable distal nozzle.

In one embodiment, two or more rows of contact elements located offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the receiving part and arranged to be in contact with the respective rows of contact elements of the nozzle are located at the receiving part.

In one embodiment, the control unit further comprises electrical contact elements configured to cooperate with the end contact elements of the nozzle.

In one embodiment, the control unit also includes guiding means, which, when inserting the nozzle into the control unit, provide a unique orientation of the nozzle relative to the receiving part, providing a substantially equal clearance between the contact elements of the nozzle and their corresponding response contact elements of the control unit.

In one embodiment, the response contact elements are made in the form of spring-loaded contact elements, the height of which in the free state is greater than in the state of contact with the contact elements of the nozzle after it is attached to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the control unit also includes locking means adapted to interact with the locking means located on the removable distal nozzle for fixing the removable distal nozzle in the control unit after its attachment, wherein the fixing means of the control unit are adapted to release the detachable distal nozzle by actuating an extraction means located on the control unit.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the extraction tool made in the form of a push button.

In one embodiment, the control unit also contains a handle for its capture by the operator when manipulating the nozzle.

The present invention also relates to a control unit for a controllable removable distal nozzle of a medical diagnostic device comprising a receiving part configured to attach the claimed controllable removable distal nozzle.

In one embodiment, the control unit further comprises an electronic unit for generating control signals for controlling the electronic components of the nozzle, and

at least two electrical contact elements that are responsive to the electrical contact elements of the controlled removable distal nozzle and configured to contact the contact elements of the controlled removable distal nozzle when it is connected to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the control unit further comprises locking means adapted to cooperate with the locking means located on the controlled removable distal nozzle for fixing the distal nozzle in the control unit after its attachment, wherein the fixing means of the control unit are adapted to release the distal nozzle by actuation of the extraction tool located on the control unit.

In one embodiment, the extraction tool is in the form of a push button.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the control unit includes a handle for its capture by the operator when manipulating the controlled removable distal nozzle.

The present invention also relates to a medical diagnostic device comprising

a control unit for a removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device and a removable distal nozzle, and

the nozzle and the control unit are connected by means of a connector made in the form of connecting elements inserted one into another, on the outer surface of one of which and on the inner surface of the other there are rows of contact elements extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the connector tilted to the specified axis.

In one embodiment, the implementation of each subsequent in the distal direction of the nozzle contact element is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the connector.

In one of the embodiments, the connector is made in the form of axisymmetric bodies having a common longitudinal axis of symmetry.

In one embodiment, the connector contains a plurality of contact elements located on the outer surface of one coupling element and on the inner surface of the other coupling element in one or more rows extending inclined to the longitudinal axis of the connector.

The tilt angle can be selected on the basis of the required number of contact elements that need to be placed at a given diameter of the connecting part.

In various embodiments, the tilt angle is from 0.05 to 89.5 degrees, from 0.5 to 45 degrees, from 5 to 10 degrees, from 7 to 15 degrees, from 2 to 17 degrees, from 3 to 12 degrees, from 3 to 10 degrees, from 5 to 7 degrees, from 5 to 25 degrees, from 10 to 35 degrees, from 15 to 35 degrees, from 20 to 40 degrees, from 25 to 45 degrees.

In one embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the connector constantly decreases as the contact elements approach the tip of the connector.

In another embodiment, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the rows of contact elements and the longitudinal axis of symmetry constantly increases when approaching the tip of the connector.

In various embodiments, the contact elements are arranged in a straight line, in a curved line, for example, in a helical line.

Contact elements are made with the possibility of supplying power through them and / or transmitting information signals between the functional head and the control unit.

In one embodiment, the contact elements are arranged in two or more rows offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the connector.

The present invention also relates to a medical diagnostic device comprising

declared control unit for a removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device, and

declared removable distal nozzle.

The present invention also relates to a medical diagnostic device comprising

the claimed control unit for a controlled removable distal nozzle for a medical diagnostic device, and

claimed controlled removable distal nozzle.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the medical diagnostic device further comprises a display device configured to be connected to said control unit for outputting an image perceived by a removable distal nozzle.

The present invention also relates to a connector for a medical diagnostic device, comprising contact elements for supplying power through them and / or transmitting information signals,

moreover, the specified connector contains inserted into one another and the receiving part, while on the outer surface of the connecting part and on the inner surface of the receiving part mutually corresponding rows of at least two contact elements in each of the connecting and receiving parts, running in the direction of the longitudinal axis connector inclined to the specified axis, so that each subsequent in the longitudinal direction of the connector contact element is offset from the previous contact element in the radial Mr towards the inside of the connecting portion and the outward receiving the connector.

According to the invention, the connector can be used to receive and / or transmit a plurality of signals to / from the nozzle from / to the control unit according to the present invention.

In specific embodiments of the connector, the angle of inclination of said row or rows is selected from the following intervals: from 0.05 to 89.5 degrees, from 0.5 to 45 degrees, from 5 to 25 degrees, from 4 to 7 degrees, from 5 to 10 degrees, from 7 to 15 degrees, from 10 to 15 degrees, from 10 to 20 degrees, from 10 to 35 degrees, from 15 to 35 degrees, from 20 to 40 degrees, from 25 to 45 degrees.

In one of the implementation options, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the connecting part of the connector is constantly reduced, and the radial distance between the contact surfaces of each of the response contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the receiving part of the connector increases as the contact elements approach the tip .

In one of the embodiments of the connector, the contact surfaces of the contact elements are located in a plane tilted to the longitudinal axis of the connector.

In specific embodiments, the number of contact elements of the connector is made in the form of a straight line, a curved line, a zigzag line, a helix, a spiral line.

In one embodiment, on each of the connecting and receiving parts of the connector there are two or more rows of contact elements disposed relative to each other in the circumferential direction.

In one embodiment, the connector further comprises electrical contact elements located on the end surface of the connecting part and counter contact elements located on the inner end surface of the receiving part.

In one embodiment, the number of pairs of contact elements in the connector is from 2 to 40 or more, preferably from 4 to 12, from 10 to 20, from 16 to 24, from 20 to 40 pairs of contact elements.

In one of the embodiments of the connector, the contacts of the receiving part are made in the form of spring-loaded contacts, and the contacts of the connecting part in the form of flat plates, or vice versa.

In one of the embodiments of the connector, the connecting part has the shape of a cylinder, cone, pyramid, truncated cone, truncated pyramid, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the connector also includes guiding means, which provide a substantially equal gap between the contact elements of the connecting part of the nozzle and the corresponding response contact elements of the receiving part of the control unit when the nozzle is inserted into the control unit.

In one embodiment, the connector also includes a radio frequency identification tag for identifying said removable distal nozzle when it is attached to the control unit.

In one embodiment, the connector also includes a locking element for releasably locking the nozzle in the control unit when it interacts with the locking means located in said control unit, the locking element being configured to release the nozzle from the control unit when actuating the extraction means located on control unit.

The present invention also relates to a method of using the claimed medical diagnostic device, according to which:

- attach the declared removable distal nozzle to the declared control unit by means of the connector described above;

- supply power to the control unit;

- introduce a removable distal nozzle into the examined area of the patient's body;

- carry out diagnostics determined by the type of attached removable distal nozzle.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The description of the present invention is accompanied by drawings, which depict:

in fig. 1 shows an axonometric view of a medical diagnostic device consisting of a control unit made in the form of a handle with a removable distal attachment attached in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 2 shows an axonometric view of the control unit, made in the form of a handle, according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 3 is an axonometric view of a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 4 shows an axonometric view of a removable distal nozzle with an antenna placed on it and electronic components of a radio frequency tag in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 5 shows an axonometric view of the proximal contact group of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle and the mechanism 5 for fixing the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 in the handle 1;

in fig. 6 shows an axonometric view of the distal contact group of the control unit according to one of the embodiments of the invention;

in fig. 7 depicts contact groups of a video-endoscopic distal nozzle and a control unit in a connected state in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 8 shows a view of two adjacent contacts of a video-endoscopic distal nozzle and a control unit at the time of their initial joint contact and in a closed state according to one of the embodiments of the invention;

in fig. 9 is an axonometric view of a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 10 shows contact groups of a video-endoscopic distal nozzle and a control unit in the connected state according to one of the embodiments of the invention;

in fig. 11 shows the proximal part of the optical system of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle according to one of the embodiments of the invention;

in fig. 12 shows the distal part of the optical system of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle according to one of the embodiments of the invention;

in fig. 13 shows an axonometric view of a removable controlled video endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 14 is an axonometric view of the control mechanism of a removable controlled video-endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 15 is an axonometric view of the control mechanism of a removable controlled video-endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 16 depicts an axonometric view of a managed portion of a removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle according to one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 17 is an axonometric view of a steer region without a cylindrical body, a tubular casing, and a video head in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;

in fig. 18A, 18B depict an axonometric view of a controlled section without a cylindrical body, a tubular sheath, a flexible ribbon cable and a video head according to one embodiment of the invention.

The implementation of the invention

Below is a description of a medical diagnostic device on the example of a multicomponent video endoscopic system with removable video endoscopic distal nozzles.

The distal nozzle is understood as a functional element of a medical diagnostic device, such as a video endoscopic system, attached to the control unit of a medical diagnostic device and containing in its distal section a tubular part or body inserted into the studied area of the patient’s body for diagnosis, as well as a functional head located in the tubular body or in the proximal area of the nozzle and containing optical and electronic components designed to form light or other effects used in the diagnosis of the studied area of the patient, as well as receiving and converting the signal reflected from the area of interest and transmitting it to a display device of a medical diagnostic device.

In one embodiment of the invention, the medical diagnostic device is a video endoscopic system, also called a video endoscope, below, with removable video endoscopic distal attachments, shown in FIG. 1, which contains: a control unit made in the form of a handle 1, which is shown in more detail in FIG. 2 and contains a receiving part designed to connect the video endoscopic distal nozzle to the control unit; a set of removable disposable video-endoscopic distal attachments 2, one of which is placed in the opening of the receiving part of the handle 1 during the operation of the video endoscope; and a video signal display device 100 having an electrical connection by means of a connecting cable 3 with a handle 1 of a video endoscope for processing, outputting, storing and transmitting to external information systems or systems for storing image data perceived by a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. Further in the description the terms "handle "And" control unit "are used interchangeably.

In one embodiment, the implementation of the handle 1 is made in the form of a hollow plastic case containing a tubular part located in its upper part and including a receiving part located at the distal portion 38 of the handle 1 in the form of an opening 400 for attaching the removable nozzle 2, and the lower part designed to grip and hold the handle with 1 hand during use. In one embodiment of the invention, the handle 1 includes electric control buttons 6, an electronic unit 8 and a contact group 4 of the control unit comprising spring-loaded contact elements 12, which are reciprocal contact elements designed to interact with the contact elements of a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. On the proximal Section 39 of the handle 1 is located a button 7 for removing inserted into the handle 1 of a removable distal nozzle 2, described in more detail below.

Along with the embodiment in which the receiving part of the control unit covers the connecting part of the nozzle 2 when it is attached to the control unit, an alternative embodiment is possible in which the nozzle 2 has a receiving opening located on the connecting part of the nozzle, covered by the receiving hole of the connecting part of the nozzle 2. In this embodiment, in which the receiving part of the control unit covers the connecting part of the nozzle 2, S THE preferable because in this case is provided by a high protection of the receiving opening, in particular, response of contact elements of the control unit from contamination, especially due to the possible penetration of body fluids.

In one embodiment of the invention, the electronic unit 8 of the handle 1 shown in FIG. 2 is made in the form of an electronic board with electronic components and is connected to the video signal processing and display device 100 by means of a cable 3, as well as to the distal contact group 4 of the handle 1 and the control buttons 6. In one embodiment of the invention, the electronic unit 8 comprises a microprocessor for processing video signals received from a functional head, in particular video heads 17, a removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 (see FIG. 3), and for generating control electrical signals providing control of the electronic components of the nozzle 2, in particular, the video sensor of the video head 17, as well as other electronic components of the functional head, such as light-emitting diodes, functional diagnostic modules etc. in case of their presence. The electronic components of the electronic unit 8 implement the necessary input interfaces, for example, MIPI CSI, for receiving data from the video sensor and other functional elements, processing this data and transmitting the processed signal through the output interfaces via the connecting cable 3 to the video display device 100. The output interfaces of the electronic unit 8 should provide sufficient bandwidth and signal transmission at the required distance. The output interfaces of the electronic unit 8 can be used, for example, HDMI, DisplayPort and / or Thunderbolt, USB 3. When using a video sensor with an output interface that is not supported by the electronic module 8, electronic components can be located in the removable nozzle 2 to match the interfaces of the video sensor and electronic unit 8. The need for additional electronic components is determined at the stage of engineering implementation of the invention. In one embodiment of the invention, an NFC controller is implemented in the electronic unit 8, and its antenna is placed in the handle 1. Processing this data by the electronic unit 8 allows the use of software, such as a driver, necessary for correct work with the video sensor in the electronic unit 8. In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, the electronic unit 8 implements physical or logical interfaces for exchanging commands with the video display device 100. The choice of data interfaces and commands is carried out with the engineering implementation of the invention.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the electric control buttons 6 are located on the body of the handle 1 in a place convenient for use by the operator or doctor during a video endoscopic examination. The electric control buttons 6 are electrically connected to the electronic unit 8. In one embodiment of the invention, by pressing the button 6, the user can, for example, save frames of the video image and / or stop / start recording the video image.

In one embodiment of the invention, the video signal display device 100 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a display device, for example a display with a TFT matrix, a device for matching the output formats of the electronic unit 8 and the input signal of the display device, such as a matrix controller, for example with an HDMI input and an LVDS or eDP output. In addition, the video signal display device 100 may comprise electronic components for storing frames of video images and / or all or part of a video signal and recording them on external media, such as flash memory, and / or transferring them to external, including remote, recording and storage devices. Further, the video display device 100 in the invention is not described in detail, and its composition and capabilities are determined at the engineering implementation stage of the invention.

In one embodiment of the invention, the removable video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 shown in FIG. 3, made in the form of a combination of essentially cylindrical bodies of revolution and / or conical bodies of various diameters, shapes and varying degrees of rigidity, including a cylindrical tubular part 16 having a longitudinal axis of symmetry L0, a protective cap 15 whose longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis L0 of the tubular part 16, and a substantially cylindrical or cone-shaped connecting part 50, which can be detachably connected to the handle 1 of the video endoscope, i.e. representing a means of detachable connection of the nozzle 2 with the control unit of a medical diagnostic device, and having a longitudinal axis L1, which in this embodiment coincides with the longitudinal axis L0 of the cylindrical tubular part 16 and the protective cap 15, which together specify the longitudinal axis of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. In one of embodiments of the connecting part 50 can also be made essentially in the form of a truncated cone, tapering in the proximal direction of the nozzle 2 and having a longitudinal about c L1. The connecting part 50 can also be made in the form of a body, the enveloping surface of which is in the shape of a cylinder, a cone, a pyramid, or a combination of them, preferably having an axis or plane of symmetry.

In one embodiment of the invention, the nozzle 2 is made in the form of essentially axisymmetric bodies, i.e. bodies that have a spatial axis of symmetry, and the axes of these bodies coincide. In this embodiment, all external forces acting on the nozzle are directed mainly along its longitudinal axis, and external forces acting on the nozzle components in the process of attaching and disconnecting the nozzle 2 from the handle 1, as well as in the process of using it during diagnostics, are summarized in essentially to a minimum due to the minimization of possible torques acting on the components of the nozzle.

Removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 has a distal end 40, which is adjacent to the distal section 42 of the nozzle, designed to perform manipulations in the patient's body, and the opposite proximal end 41, which is adjacent to the proximal section 43 of the nozzle, on which the nozzle attaches to the handle 1. On In its distal portion 42, a video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 comprises an uncontrollable insertion portion made in the form of a tubular portion 16, and a functional head comprising a video head 17, p memory location within the tubular portion 16 at its distal end. At the proximal end of the tubular part 16, a protective cap 15 adjoins it, designed to protect the handle 1 and conveniently manipulate the attachment 2 when connecting it to the handle 1. The length of the protective cap along the longitudinal axis of the nozzle can be in a practical embodiment from 20 to 40 mm. In its proximal section 43, the nozzle 2 contains a connecting part 50 adjacent to the protective cap 15 with electrical contact elements located on it, by means of which the nozzle joins the receiving element of the handle 1. The location of the tubular part 16 in the distal section 42 of the nozzle means that it is located distally, those. from the distal end 40 of the specified nozzle, which is located closer to the patient than the proximal end 41 of the specified nozzle. At the same time, said tubular part 16 of the nozzle 2, which is directly intended for its introduction into the studied area of the patient's body, may constitute a substantial part of the length of the distal nozzle 2, in particular, more than 50% of the total length of the nozzle 2.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the video head 17 contains light sources, such as LEDs, and an opto-electronic module containing a video sensor and a lens system designed to receive, process and transmit signals reflected from the surveyed area, in particular video, to an electronic unit 8. LED and the videosensor are electrically connected to contact elements located on a printed circuit board or cards located on the connecting part 50 in the proximal section 43 of the video endoscopic distal 2 minutes and the nozzle 13 containing a number or series of electrical contact elements for signal communication with the electronic control unit 8. Next, the video head 17 according to the invention are not discussed in more detail, and its composition and the possibilities determined in step engineering of the invention.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the protective cap 15 is also a protective housing for electronic components placed in a videoendoscopic distal attachment 2. In addition, it is intended to protect the control unit from physiological fluids entering it during diagnostics, as well as to ensure the required ergonomic characteristics manipulations with a videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2, performed by a doctor, for example, removing it from the handle 1 and connecting it. The protective cap can be made in one piece with one of the components of the nozzle, for example by injection molding, but it can also be made as a separate element, mounted on the tubular part 16 during the assembly process of the nozzle 2.

In one embodiment of the implementation of the removable video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 shown in FIG. 4, the latter contains a radio frequency identification tag and electronic components for radio frequency identification, for example, an NFC antenna 18 and the necessary electronic components placed on a printed circuit board 19 located under the protective cap 15. The identification tag may contain information about the type of video sensor and its unique identification code. Reading this information by the electronic control unit of the control unit allows you to configure the control unit to use removable nozzles with different types of video sensor. The presence of a unique identifier for video endoscopic distal attachment 2 also allows you to keep records of the operational load on the specified attachment. For example, the information contained in the identification tag can be used to control the shelf life of the nozzle in a sterile package and whether the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 was previously used or not, which can prevent the reuse of the already used removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2.

In another embodiment of the invention, additional electronic components (not shown) necessary for the correct functioning of the video sensor chip, for example smd resistors or capacitors, can be located in the video-endoscopic distal attachment 2. The need for these additional elements and their composition are determined by the manufacturer of the video sensor.

The tubular part 16 of the nozzle 2 serves to introduce the video head 17 into the patient’s body and to approach the video head 17 to the area examined by the doctor, and the diameter of the tubular part 16 and its length are determined by the anatomical features and location of this area, as well as the type of diagnosis. For example, for examining the nasal cavities, the length of the tubular part 16 is about 16-18 cm, and its diameter is about 4 mm, and for examining the hearing organs, the length of the tubular part 16 is 3-5 cm with a diameter of about 2-3 mm. The tubular portion 16 can be made in the form of a solid or hollow cylindrical body of rigid materials, such as, for example, stainless steel, or elastic materials, such as, for example, silicone rubber. In one embodiment, the tubular portion 16 has a circular cross section to minimize its invasive effect during the diagnosis. However, the cross-section of the tubular part 16 of the nozzle 2 may also have a shape other than round, for example an ellipse. In most cases of use of a removable distal nozzle 2, the diameter of the tubular part 16 is from 2 to 10 mm, most often about 4 mm, and the diameter of the connecting part is from 10 to 60 mm.

The connecting portion 50 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 3-5, is located on the proximal portion 43 of said video endoscopic distal attachment 2. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 50 of the attachment 2 is designed as a substantially cylindrical body having a longitudinal axis of symmetry L1, and contains two linear rows 13, 14 located on its surface electrical contact elements. In other embodiments of the connecting part 50 may have a cross-sectional shape other than round, for example, oval, rectangular, trapezoidal, and other suitable shapes. Contact elements of the nozzle 2 are located in two rows 13 and 14 on printed circuit boards placed essentially along the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 at an inclination of 5 degrees to the specified axis and mirrored relative to the specified axis, so that the contact elements in each of the rows approach the longitudinal axis of the nozzle in the proximal direction of the nozzle, i.e. each subsequent in the proximal direction of the nozzle contact element is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside the connecting part 50.

The location of the contact elements in a row means that the line connecting the centers of the contact elements and, accordingly, their contact surfaces, forms a straight or curved line. In this embodiment, the connecting part 50 and the tubular part 16 of the distal nozzle 2 are aligned, so that their longitudinal axes L0 and L1 coincide. However, in the general case, the longitudinal axis L0 of the tubular part 16 and the longitudinal axis L1 of its connecting part 50 may not coincide, in particular, they may be arranged in parallel or at an angle to each other.

In other embodiments of the invention, the contact elements of the nozzle 2 may be located along a curved line, for example, along a helix. In another embodiment of the invention, the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 may have more than two rows of electrical contact elements arranged offset from each other in the circumferential direction of the connecting part 50 with essentially the same angle of inclination of said rows of contact elements to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 2 In another embodiment of the invention, the series or rows of contact elements may be located on a single printed circuit board in a straight line and / or curve, in particular, a helix. In another embodiment of the invention, the contact elements can be located additionally on the end surface of the proximal end 41 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2.

Contact elements that are reciprocal to the contact elements of the connecting part of the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 are located in the receiving element of the tubular part of the handle 1 and will be described in detail below.

In an alternative implementation, in which the nozzle 2 has a receiving hole located on the connecting part 50 of the nozzle, and the control unit or the handle 1 has a protruding receiving part, covered by the receiving hole of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle, printed circuit boards of rows 13, 14 of the contact elements of the nozzle and mating contact elements of the control unit will have the opposite location. That is, the printed circuit boards on the nozzles 2, on which two rows 13, 14 of the contact elements are located, will be located inclined to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the distal nozzle 2 with the contact elements removed from the indicated axis in the direction of the proximal end of the nozzle 2, t. e. their displacement in the radial direction, i.e. the distance in the radial direction between the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 located in rows 13, 14 of the contact elements and the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 will increase as they approach along the longitudinal axis L1 to the proximal end 41 of the specified nozzle 2, i.e. each subsequent contact element will be shifted relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inward in the distal direction of the nozzle.

Contact elements of the nozzle 2 can be made by any known method, for example in the form of contact pads etched on rigid or semi-rigid printed circuit boards, for example, round or rectangular in shape with their subsequent coating with a durable material.

Contact elements of the control unit, which are reciprocal contact elements for contact elements of the nozzle 2, in one embodiment of the invention are spring-loaded contacts or pogins (pogo pin), the contact surface of which is a hemisphere or a circular surface with rounded corners with a diameter of about 1 mm ± 0.5 mm, their length in the free (not preloaded) state is from 3 to 5 mm, and the maximum stroke between the non-preloaded and fully preloaded state is from 0.1 to 0.6 mm. In one embodiment, the diameter of the spring-loaded contacts is from 0.8 to 1.2 mm. However, in other embodiments, the spring-loaded contacts may have another embodiment of elastic contacts. The use of spring-loaded contacts also ensures the density of the connection of the nozzle 2 and the handle 1 due to the elastic effect of a plurality of spring-loaded contacts, which ensure the pressing of the nozzle 2 in the receiving element of the handle 1.

In one embodiment, the width of the platform of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 along the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle corresponds in size to the projection of the spring-loaded reciprocal contact element (paw) of the handle 1. For example, if pogopin has a diameter of 1.5 mm, the width of the platform the nozzle has a size of not more than 1.5 mm, and its length, measured in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis, is determined by the allowable dimensions of the connecting part of the nozzle 2 and can be from 1.5 to 5 mm. The pitch between the contact elements is determined by the diameter of the frame and the minimum required distance between them and can be from 0.1 to 2 mm. For example, if the diameter of the dog is 1.5 mm and the distance between the adjacent dogs is 0.1 mm, the pitch of the contact elements, i.e. the distance between the centers of adjacent contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the handle 1 will be 1.6 mm.

Contact elements of the nozzle 2 are placed on printed circuit boards, and also electrically connected to the outputs of the video sensor and LEDs placed in the video head 17 of a removable distal video endoscopic nozzle 2. In one embodiment, the implementation of the printed circuit boards on which rows of 13 and 14 removable contact elements are located video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, are inclined to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 with their approach to the specified axis in the direction and the proximal end of the nozzle and have an angle of inclination formed between the line passing through the centers of the contact surfaces of the contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the connecting part of the distal nozzle 2, which is generally greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees. In other words, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 located in two rows 13 and 14 of the contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 constantly decreases as the contact elements approach the proximal end of the nozzle, i.e. each subsequent in the proximal direction of the nozzle 2 contact element is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inward. The resulting angle of inclination of the rows 13 and 14 of the contact elements to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 is greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees. Under the monotonous or permanent change, in particular, a permanent decrease or a constant increase, in the context of this application is understood a permanent decrease or, accordingly, a constant increase in the corresponding value by any positive value, i.e. change in one direction, with the specified change can be both uniform and uneven.

To ensure the compactness of the size of the nozzle 2, in particular its connecting part 50, the angle of inclination of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 is from more than 0 to about 45 degrees, in one of the implementation options is from 0 to about 30 degrees, more in one of the options for the implementation of the value from more than 0 to about 20 degrees, and most in one of the options for the implementation of the value from more than 0 to 10 degrees. If necessary, further increase the number of electrical pairs of contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the control unit, the angle of inclination of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements in a practical implementation can be a value of from 0.5 to 5 degrees. According to other embodiments, the angle of inclination can be selected from the following intervals: from 5 to 15 degrees, from 10 to 15, from 10 to 20 degrees, from 5 to 25, from 10 to 35, from 15 to 35, from 20 to 40 , from 25 to 45 degrees.

The proposed solution allows you to place from 1 to 40 or more contact elements with a diameter of the connecting part from 10 to 15 mm.

Thus, in the removable distal nozzle of the present invention, each of the contact elements arranged in rows 13, 14 is offset from the adjacent contact element in the longitudinal, in particular proximal, direction of the nozzle 2, while the radial distance between one of the two adjacent contact elements, located in the longitudinal direction closer to the proximal end 41 of the nozzle 2, and the longitudinal axis L0, L1 of said nozzle 2 is less than the radial distance between the other of the two adjacent contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 2. In other words, the radial distance between the contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 2 constantly decreases towards the proximal end 41 of the nozzle, i.e. as these contact elements approach each of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements to the proximal end 41 of the nozzle 2, so that each subsequent contact element 2 in the proximal direction of the nozzle 2 is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inwards.

In particular, the contact elements in the rows 13, 14 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 are arranged in such a way that the longitudinal axes of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements coincide with the generators of a straight circular cone whose axis coincides with the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2, and the apex is located proximally to the specified number of contact elements. In this case, the solid angles at the vertices of the cones constructed for each of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements do not have to be equal, and the vertices do not have to be the same. Thus, linear displacement of various rows of contact elements along the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 is allowed, and the inclination of one row of contact elements relative to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 may not be equal to the inclination of the other row of contact elements.

As seen in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, due to the inclination of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2, the radial distance between their contact surfaces constantly, and in this case evenly, decreases the nozzle 2. to the proximal end 41 of the nozzle 2, the radial distance between the line passing through the centers of their contact surfaces perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 to the specified axis decreases evenly. In this case, in this embodiment, the contact elements furthest from the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 are located in rows 13, 14 of the contact elements in FIG. 5 to the left, placed at a distance from the specified axis of approximately 4-5 mm, and the contact elements closest to it, located in rows 13, 14 in FIG. 5 on the right, placed at a distance of about 1-2 mm from the specified axis. The angle of inclination of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 in this embodiment is from 5 to 15 degrees. At small angles of inclination of printed circuit boards of contact elements, it is possible to arrange in a row a sufficiently large number of contact elements without a significant increase in the dimensions of the nozzle 2, i.e. ensuring its compactness even in the case of placing on the nozzle 2 and the handle 1 of a significant number of contact elements.

Due to the location of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 according to the present invention, the compact implementation of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 is provided, the diameter of which in this case is essentially equal to twice the radial distance of the most distant contact element from the longitudinal axis L1 of the nozzle 2, which in this embodiment is 8-12 mm , the length of the connecting part is 15-30 mm, which also ensures the compactness of the dimensions of the receiving part of the handle 1, which covers the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2, including It helps reduce the diameter of the distal part of the arm 1, ensuring its high ergonomics, which is important, for example, for endotraction endoscopes, as well as the ease and convenience of controlling the nozzle 2 in the process of diagnostics with one hand of the doctor holding the handle 1. The indicated diameter and length of the connecting part 50 nozzles 2 allow for the manufacture of removable distal nozzles that have the required minimum diameter of the tubular part of the nozzle inserted into the patient's body, as well as the compact dimensions of the connecting part, heavy weight, low cost, simple and easy to use, provides easy connection and disconnection of the nozzle 2 from the handle 1, and thus provide a reliable transmission of the desired number of electrical and data signals between the nozzle 2 and the handle 1, a diagnostic medical device. In this case, the distal nozzle according to the invention can be made removable and disposable, which eliminates the need for sterilization before each use and increases the hygiene of the diagnosis. In addition, in the case of performing the nozzle as a combination of essentially rotating bodies or axisymmetric bodies having a common longitudinal axis of symmetry, attachment of the nozzle 2 and its disconnection from the handle 1 occurs as intuitively as possible, simply and reliably along the longitudinal axis of the tubular part 16 of the nozzle 2 and be carried out, including with one hand of the doctor, holding the handle 1 of a medical diagnostic device without the risk of damaging the nozzle due to the occurrence of external torques.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the handle 1 also contains locking means (see FIG. 5), which is a fixation mechanism 5 of a removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 in the handle 1, and a mechanical button 7 for removing the removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 (see FIG. 2). In one embodiment of the invention, the fixing mechanism 5 of the removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 comprises a spring-loaded latch comprising a latch protrusion 404 and a latch spring 405. In one of the embodiments of the invention, the fixing means of the handle 1 are arranged to interact with the fixing means of the removable distal nozzle 2, which is a notch 403 located at the proximal end of the connecting part 50 of the removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. When the detachable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is connected with the handle 1 the spring-loaded latch is aligned with the notch 403. Then, under the action of the spring 405 of the latch, the protrusion 404 of the latch enters the notch 403 at the proximal end of the connector 50 of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and thus fixes the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 in the 1 position inserted in the handle, preventing its movement in the axial direction and ensuring reliable contact of the pairs of electrical contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the handle 1 when the doctor performs endoscopic examinations .

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the pressure spring-loaded mechanical button 7 (see FIG. 2), used as a means of extracting the nozzle 2, is located at the proximal end 39 of the handle 1 and is connected to the stem 406, the other end of which is connected to the spring-loaded latch of the fixation mechanism 5 . Mechanical button 7 video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is located in a place convenient for pressing one of the fingers holding the specified video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. When you press the mechanical button 7 user holding the handle 1, it through the rod 406 rejects the protrusion 404 latch from the locking nozzle 2 position, thereby releasing the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 for its extraction from the handle 1. As an alternative, the extraction means can be made in the form of a rotary growl ha, sliding element, etc. In an alternative embodiment, the implementation of the latch and the recess of the means of fixing the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the handle 1 can be swapped.

Additionally, the handle 1 may have a compression spring loaded when inserting a video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 into the handle 1 and contributing to pushing the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 when it is released from the handle 1 by means of an extractor. Thus it is possible to replace the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 with one hand holding the handle 1, including in the “hot swap” mode, i.e. without disconnecting the power supply voltage of the distal nozzle 2 from the side of the control unit or the handle 1 of the diagnostic device. Thus, the second free hand of the doctor can be used for other manipulations.

The dimensions of the opening 400 of the handle 1 and the connecting part 50 of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 are made so that it is possible to insert the connecting part 50 of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 into the opening 400 of the handle 1 with a minimum clearance between the outer surface of the connecting part 50 of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the inner surface holes 400 of the handle 1. Thus, a directional introduction of a video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 into the control unit with providing a substantially equal clearance between each of the contact elements of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the corresponding response contact element of the control unit, in particular the handle 1, when the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is inserted into the handle 1.

In one embodiment of the invention, the contact group 4 of the handle 1 shown in FIG. 6 is placed in the opening 400 of the receiving part located at the distal end of the tubular part of the handle 1. The opening of the receiving part of the handle 1 in an embodiment of the invention is made in the form of a cylindrical hole or a hole having a truncated cone shape, essentially complementary in shape to the geometric shape of the connecting part 50 nozzle 2 and having a longitudinal axis L2. In one embodiment of the invention, the contact group 4 comprises two rows 9 and 10 of spring-loaded contact elements symmetrically arranged along the longitudinal axis L2 of the tubular part of the handle 1 and made connectable to the two rows 13 and 14 of the contact elements of the connecting part of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 at inserting it into the grip 1.

In this embodiment, the implementation of the invention, the contact elements of the nozzle 2 are located on two printed circuit boards located facing in opposite directions and containing rows 13, 14 of contacts, each consisting of twelve contact elements, respectively, located in a row in a straight line tilted relative to the longitudinal direction of the distal nozzles 2. The specified arrangement of rows 13, 14 of contact elements can also be characterized as a displacement of one row relative to another row by 180 radius in the circumferential direction of the connecting part of the nozzle 2. The number of response contact elements of each of the rows 9, 10 of the handle 1 coincides with the number of contact elements of the respective rows 13, 14 of the nozzle 2. Thus, in this embodiment, the nozzle 2 and the receiving part of the handle 1 contain 24 contact elements.

Each of the rows 9 and 10 of the spring-loaded contact elements contains a printed circuit board 11 and twelve spring-loaded contact elements 12 arranged on it, placed on the printed circuit board 11 and having an electrical connection with it. While the printed circuit boards 11 are inclined to the longitudinal axis L2 of the receiving part of the tubular part of the handle 1 with a distance from the specified axis in the direction of the distal end of the tubular part, so that the radial distance between the contact surfaces of the spring-loaded contact elements 12 and the longitudinal axis L2 of the tubular part of the handle 1 in the distal direction of the handle 1.

Thus, each subsequent of the reciprocal contact elements arranged in rows 9, 10 is displaced relative to the reciprocal contact element adjacent to it in the longitudinal direction of the receiving part of the handle 1 both in the longitudinal direction of the handle 1 and in the radial direction inwards, so that the radial distance between one of two adjacent mating contact elements located in the longitudinal direction closer to the distal end 38 of the handle 1, and the longitudinal axis L2 of the receiving part of the tubular part of the handle 1 is greater than the radial spread standing between the other of these two adjacent response contact elements and the longitudinal axis L2 of the receiving part. In other words, the radial distance between the response contact elements and the longitudinal axis of the receiving part increases constantly in the distal direction of the handle 1, i.e. when approaching the response of the contact elements to the distal end 38 of the handle 1.

Each printed circuit board 11 of the handle 1 is electrically connected via a flexible ribbon cable (not shown) with the electronic unit 8 (see Fig. 2) of the handle 1. The total number of response contact elements 12 is determined by the engineering implementation of the invention and mainly depends on the type of output interface resolution and / or maximum bus width of these video sensors used in video endoscopic distal nozzles 2, as well as additional electrical elements located on the functional head, such as LEDs, etc. The most advanced models of modern video endoscopic distal nozzles produce a video signal with a resolution of 13 megapixels, and low-end versions with a resolution of 0.3 megapixels, while the miniature versions of OV6211 sensors have a resolution of 400 × 400 pixels. For example, in one of the embodiments of the invention when using the OmniVision video sensor OV7699, the total number of contact elements 12 in the contact group 4 is 16 (14 for the video sensor and 2 for powering the LEDs), and when using the Ov5670 sensor, 44 2 contacts for power LEDs).

In general, the minimum number of contact elements of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the handle 1, i.e. their total minimum number of contact pairs is two, with the help of which it is possible to supply power, for example, to a source of light radiation in the case of using a removable distal nozzle 2 for diaphanoscopy. The maximum number of contact pairs that can be implemented on the connecting part of the nozzle of the present invention is in fact not limited. In practice, as noted above, the total number of contact pairs is determined by the resolution of the sensor, the type of its interface, and the presence of additional functional elements. Obviously, the practical implementation takes into account the sensor with the maximum number of contacts, which together with the required number of additional contacts to the lighting elements and additional elements determines the required number of contact pairs of the nozzle 2 and the handles 1.

The number of rows 9 and 10 of the contact elements 12 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 6. In other embodiments of the invention, the contact group 4 may contain one or more rows of contact elements 12 arranged in a row at an angle to the longitudinal axis L2 of the tubular part of the handle 1, which are greater than 0 and less than 90 degrees. In this case, double rows of contact elements can also be used, i.e. contact elements located on one printed circuit board in two mostly parallel rows.

For example, if it is necessary to place distal nozzle 2 on video endoscopic nozzle 2 and handle 1 with 40 contact elements, they can be placed on two printed circuit boards in single rows of 20 contacts each, or in double rows on each of two printed circuit boards of 10 contacts in each row .

In one embodiment, the number of printed circuit boards of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 corresponds to the number of printed circuit boards of the handle 1, and the slope of the printed circuit boards of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 corresponds to the inclination of the printed circuit boards of the handle 1. Thus, when the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is attached to the handle 1 by inserting the specified endoscopic video the distal nozzle 2 in the hole 400 of the receiving part of the control unit, each of the contact surfaces of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements p Printed boards video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 comes in contact with the corresponding spring-loaded contact element 12 of the contact group 4 handles 1. Contact elements 12 of the contact group 4 handles 1 are located along a line corresponding to the shape of the line location of the contact elements of printed circuit boards video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. In other words, the radial distance between the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the handle 1 and the longitudinal axis of the tubular part of the handle 1 increases or decreases in the distal direction of the tubular part of the handle 1 in accordance with the fact that the distance between the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the longitudinal axis of the nozzle in the proximal direction of the nozzle 2 decreases or increases. In other words, each subsequent in the distal direction of the receiving part of the contact element of the handle 1 offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction outwards or inwards, depending on whether inwards or outwards in the radial the direction is shifted each subsequent proximally of the nozzle contact element relative to the previous contact element of the nozzle 2.

The response contact elements 12 of the control unit shown in FIG. 6 are arranged in such a way that the axes of the rows 11 of the response contact elements 12 in this embodiment also coincide with the generators of a straight circular cone whose axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the receiving part of the control unit, and its top is located proximally relative to the number of response contact elements 12. In this case, the solid angles at the vertices of the cones constructed for each of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements and the response contact elements 12 should be equal to ensure optimal electrical contact I am waiting for all relevant contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the control unit.

If the contact elements of the nozzle 2 are located along a helical line, it can also pass along the surface of a circular cone, i.e. with a constant approach of each of the rows of contact elements to the axis of the nozzle 2 in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle 2. In this case, the response contact elements 12 of the control unit also pass along a helix that is complementary to the helix of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements of the nozzle 2.

If the rows of contact elements are located on the surface of an imaginary circular cone, in particular, if the rows of contacting contact elements coincide with the generators of a straight circular cone, it is easy to attach the nozzle 2 to the control unit, ensuring reliable closure of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the control unit. Through interacting contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the handle 1 to the nozzle 2 can be transmitted control signals from the control unit to control the electronic components of the specified nozzle 2, in particular, the electronic components of the functional head, as well as information signals, such as video signals, the nozzle 2 of the nozzle 2 between the nozzle 2 and the control unit, for example, for their subsequent transfer to the video display device 100 for visual display of the result in diagnostics.

At the same time, with small values of the solid angles of the circular cone, it is possible to arrange in the line a sufficiently large number of contact elements without a substantial increase in the dimensions of the nozzle 2, in particular, the diameter of the nozzle 2.

In addition, the placement of the contact elements on the surface of the circular cone allows you to ensure the attachment of the nozzle 2 to the control unit of the medical diagnostic device, as well as disconnection from it by a simple linear movement (insert) of the nozzle 2 into the receiving part of the control unit due to the absence of undercuts, as well as to prevent parasitic closure contact elements in the process of inserting the nozzle 2, since in this case, when inserting the nozzle 2 into the control unit, the corresponding contact elements of the nozzle 2 and from The white contact elements of the control unit move towards each other linearly along parallel lines along the longitudinal axes of the nozzle 2, as well as along the axis of the receiving part of the control unit, as shown below in FIG. 8. Thus, the closure of each of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 is provided only with its intended response contact element 12 of the control unit, and the possibility of their unintended contact with other response contact elements during insertion of the nozzle 2 into the control unit is excluded.

The linearity of movement of the nozzle 2 when it is connected to the control unit with simultaneous closure of all existing pairs of contact elements necessary to transfer control actions from the control unit to the nozzle 2 to provide control of the electronic components of the nozzle 2, allows the operator to insert it into the control unit with simple and linear movement , including with one hand, which allows the operator to release the second hand for other manipulations. In addition, in the case of making the contact element of the nozzle 2 used for supplying power to the nozzle 2, shorter than the other contact elements, as will be described in more detail below, the possibility of “hot-replacing” the nozzle, i.e. replacing one diagnostic distal nozzle with another without disconnecting the power supply from the control unit of the diagnostic device.

While this technical result is achieved when placing the apex of a circular cone on either side of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements, since it is important to have a tilt of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 relative to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 2, i.e. the displacement of each subsequent in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle 2 of the contact element relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inside.

FIG. 7 depicts a video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and a handle 1 in a connected state in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. Each of the contact elements of the two rows 9 and 10 of the distal part of the handle 1 is connected to the corresponding contact element of the rows 13, 14 of the contact elements of printed circuit boards removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. The oblique position of the contact elements allows, firstly, to increase the number of contact elements with a smaller outer diameter video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 compared with the location of the contact group perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 video endoscopic distal on adki 2, secondly, avoids unwanted breakage of electrical connections and the spring loaded contact elements when connecting video endoscopic distal head 2 to the handle 1, comprising a parallel arrangement of rows 9 and 10 of the contact elements.

In one embodiment of the invention, the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 comprises guide means comprising a protrusion 402 extending along the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 and configured to direct the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 when connected to the handle 1, in which reciprocal guide means are provided in the form of a response groove 401, interacting with the said protrusion 402 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, so that the protrusion 402 of the connecting part of the nozzle walks into the return groove 401 of the handle when it is inserted into the handle 1. Thanks to the interaction of the groove 401 and the protrusion 402 when connecting the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 with the handle 1, the rows of contact elements of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the handle 1 opposite each other are uniquely oriented, as well as essentially equal gap between the corresponding contact elements of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the contact elements of the handle 1 when connecting the video endoscopic of the distal nozzle 2 to the handle 1, ensuring uniform approach and closure of said contact elements of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the handle 1 when inserting the connecting part 50 of the removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 into the opening 400 of the handle 1. In one of the embodiments of the invention, the protuberance 401 of the endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is located between the rows 13 and 14 of the contact elements of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and runs along the entire length of the connecting part of the video-endoscopic oh distal nozzle 2, and the opening 400 of the handle 1 comprises a groove 402 positioned on the inner surface of the opening 400 and extending on the connecting part of the nozzle length 2.

Guides means video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and response guides means the handle 1 in one of the embodiments of the invention can also be provided by performing at least part of the cross section of the connecting part 50 video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 complementary at least part of the cross section of the hole 400 of the receiving part of the handle 1, for example, in the form of a polygon or section of any other shape other than a circle, which will unambiguously determine the correct orientation of the nozzle 2 when inserted into the handle 1. In particular, said guide means can be implemented as a flat 503, formed on the circumferential surface of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2, as shown in FIG. 9, and complementary in shape of the receiving part of the handle 1, providing the only possible angular orientation of the nozzle relative to the receiving part 400 when inserting the nozzle 2 into the handle 1.

Geometrical dimensions, in particular, the length and angular position of printed circuit boards, as well as the magnitude of the longitudinal movement of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 until it is fixed by the latch of the handle 1, are selected according to the results of the experiments so that the spring of each response contact element 12 of the handle 1 is compressed when connecting and fixing the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 in the handle 1 to a degree sufficient for reliable electrical connection, compensation of possible backlash and elimination of chatter to stroke elements. As shown in FIG. 8, the indicated amount of compression, i.e. the amount of movement of the movable part of the spring-loaded response contact elements 12 along the axis k0, k1 between their resting states to the state of spring-loaded contact with the contact elements of the nozzle 2 with fully inserted endoscopic video end 2, defined by the length of the segments B ₁₁ A ₂₁ , B ₁₀ A ₂₀ , is practical implementation value of about 0.1-0.2 mm. It should be noted that the amount of compression of each of the response contact elements directly affects the amount of force required to install the nozzle into the handle, which in turn also depends on the angle of the contact elements relative to the axis of the connecting part of the nozzle. With increasing angle of inclination increases the amount of force to install the nozzle in the handle for a given amount of preload response mating elements.

In addition, the size of the contact surfaces and the switching order of the power and signal lines are chosen such as to ensure the connection of the power lines, i.e. power lines to the video endoscopic distal nozzle, last, i.e. after connecting all the signal lines, which provides the ability to "hot swap" one nozzle to another without turning off the power supply to the control unit of the diagnostic device. For this, the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the power lines on the printed circuit boards of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 are shortened compared with the contact surfaces of the other contact elements, in particular, the contact elements of the signal lines.

When connecting a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 to the handle 1, the contact elements of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 move along the longitudinal axes L0, L1 of the tubular part 16 and the connecting part 50 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and, accordingly, the longitudinal axis L2 of the receiving part of the handle 1 towards the contact elements 12 of the handle 1. at time T ₁ (see. FIG. 8) all of the contact elements 450 'nozzle 2 except proximal contact elements 451', simultaneously come into contact with the holes tnym contact elements 12 of the handle 1 at points B ₁₁ to ensure the closure of signal lines for transmitting information signals. Due to the shortened contact surface of the power contact elements 451 'of the power supply of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, the power contact elements 451' of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 will come into contact with the power contact elements 451 'of the handle 1 only after all the information contact elements 450' come into contact video endoscopic distal attachment 2 with all response information contact elements 450 of the handle 1. Ie the power supply to the nozzle 2 will not be supplied until the point B of the ₁₀ proximal reciprocal contact elements 12 of the handle 1 touches the proximal contact elements 451 'of the nozzle 2, while at the indicated moment of touching the point B _{11 the} other reciprocal contact elements 12 of the handle 1 will already be in safe contact with the rest of the contact elements 450 'nozzles 2.

The connection at time T ₁ is unreliable due to possible tolerances in the manufacture of video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and handle 1. With further counter axial movement of video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and handle 1, the spring-loaded contact elements are tightened by the value of B ₁₀ A ₂₀ , while the connection point contact elements moves along the contact surface along the segment B ₂₀ A ₂₀ . At time T ₂ , which characterizes the working condition of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and the handle 1, in which the nozzle 2 is fixed in the handle 1 by the fixing mechanism 5, the amount of compression of the spring-loaded contact elements 12 is larger than the possible irregularities, which ensures a reliable electrical connection.

Thus, the shortened mating contact surface of the power spring-loaded contact elements 451 'and 451 provides the power supply with some delay after connecting all the information contact elements 450' and 450, which allows you to remove the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and attach it to the handle 1 without turning off the power supply to the control unit medical diagnostic device.

In the case of use in the receiving part of the arm 1 spring-loaded response contact elements, depending on the working stroke value of the rod or the amount of preload spring-loaded contact elements 12 along the axis k0, k1 between the unloaded condition and the state of contact with the contact elements of the nozzle 2 corresponding to the length of the segment B ₁₁ - A ₂₁ in FIG. 8, as well as the step size of the contact elements, the size and shape of their contact surfaces, the minimum angle a of inclination between the line passing through the centers of the contact surfaces of the contact elements and the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, in which unwanted the contacts are not designed for contact with each other contact elements when inserting the nozzle 2 into the control unit. Reducing the size of the contact surfaces of the contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the diameter of the contact elements of the control unit, as well as improving the accuracy of manufacturing the contact elements of the nozzle 2 and the control unit will help to reduce the specified minimum angle of inclination of the contact elements to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 2, further reduce the size and increase the compactness of the nozzle 2

In another embodiment of the present invention, the removable video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 shown in FIG. 9 contains an uncontrollable insertion part designed to perform manipulations in the patient's body, made in the form of a tubular part 501 located on the distal portion 42 of the nozzle 2 and containing a protective window 500 at its distal end, a protective cap 45 and a connecting part 50 comprising a connecting body 502 parts, two printed circuit boards 504 and 514 (not shown), with contact elements 450 ', located on the proximal portion of the housing 502. The housing of the connecting part is made in the form of a substantially axisymmetric body having rodolnuyu axis L1 and a horizontal symmetry plane.

As shown in more detail in FIG. 10, the contact elements 450 ′ of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 are located on two printed circuit boards 504, 514, which are facing opposite sides symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 and tilted to the indicated axis L1 so that the planes of the printed circuit boards 504 , 514 intersect the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 at one point located on the proximal extension of the axis L1 (to the right of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 9). Each of these printed circuit boards 504, 514 contains two parallel rows of contact elements 450 ', each of the rows consisting of ten contact elements arranged in a straight line and extending inclined relative to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, corresponding to the inclination of the printed circuit boards 504, 514 relative to the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50. Thus, the radial distance between the contact elements 450 'and the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 is constant decreases in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle 2, i.e. each subsequent in the proximal direction of the nozzle 2 contact element is offset relative to the previous contact element in the radial direction inward. The longitudinal direction of the nozzle 2 in this case coincides with the longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50.

The total number of contact elements located on the connecting part 50 of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 in this embodiment is 40. The contact elements of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 are adapted to contact response elements 510, 515 of the control unit or handle 1 located in printed circuit boards 509, 516. At the same time, the surfaces of the extreme contact elements 451 'on printed circuit boards 509, 516 of video endoscopic distal attachment 2, which are used for supplying power lines through them, they are made shorter compared to the contact surfaces of the other contact elements that are used to transmit signals. Due to this, as explained above, when inserting the nozzle 2 into the handle 1, power can be supplied to the electronic components of the nozzle 2 after connecting (closing) all contact pairs of signal lines and, thus, it can be possible to “hot-swap” one distal nozzles 2 to another.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the housing 502 of the connecting part 50 on its distal portion is made in the form of a circular cylinder with a longitudinal axis L1 of the connecting part 50, on the circumferential surface of which a flat 503 is made, and the cross section of the receiving part of the handle 1 is made complementary in cross section of the distal end the connecting part 50 in the location of flats 503, which is designed to provide an unambiguous angular orientation of the removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 when it is inserted into the handles 1. In the proximal part of the housing 502 of the connecting part 50, there is also a cavity 505 extending from the end surface of the proximal end of the housing 502 into the housing 502 along its longitudinal axis L1 or parallel to it and designed to accommodate the protrusion 512 of the spring-loaded latch of the handle 1 intended for fixing the distal nozzle 2 when it is attached to the handle 1.

For this purpose, in the housing 502 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cavity 505, in one embodiment, a cylindrical locking element 511 is arranged to engage the spring-loaded latch of the handle 1 with the protrusion 512. The element 511 is displaced in the perpendicular direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the cavity 505 so that the protrusion 512 of the latch rotated relative to the working position, it is made with the possibility of free movement along the longitudinal axis of the cavity 505, thus providing the possibility of detachable videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 from the handle 1. The removal of the nozzle 2 from the handle 1 is carried out by activating extraction tools (not shown) located on the handle 1, to transfer in a known manner mechanical impact on the latch protrusion 512 to deflect it from the working (locking ) position and release, thus, the nozzle 2 for its extraction from the handle 1.

The shape and dimensions of the protrusion 512 of the latch of the handle 1 and the locking element 511 of the nozzle 2 are chosen so that in a state of fixation of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2 in the receiving opening of the handle 1, reliable contact between the contact elements 450 of the nozzle 2 and the counter contact elements 510, 515 of the handle 1 is ensured providing the required amount of preload B ₁₁ -A _{21 of the} rods of the spring-loaded contact elements 12, as shown in FIG. eight.

The housing 502 of the connecting part 50 contains a functional head containing an opto-electronic module 506, which is electrically connected via a flexible ribbon cable 507 to a printed circuit board 508 containing electronic components necessary for the proper functioning of the opto-electronic module 506, and through flexible ribbon cables 513 , connected to printed circuit boards 504 and 514. The functional head also contains sources of radiation 520 located in the immediate vicinity of the opto-electronic module 506 and intended for generation uu optical radiation used to illuminate the study area. The optical-electronic module 506 of the functional head is designed to receive optical radiation or a signal reflected from the object under study, to transform it and form a high-resolution video signal on its basis, as well as transfer the specified high-resolution video signal to the video signal display device 100 of a medical diagnostic device.

In addition, in the tubular part 501 of the nozzle and the housing 502 of the connecting part 50, there are elements of a dual-channel optical system of a removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12.

The first channel of the optical system of the distal attachment 2 is an illumination channel, which is a light guide 521 and designed to transmit light to a certain part or parts of the visible spectrum, and for some types of endoscopic examinations, also to transmit infrared and / or ultraviolet radiation from radiation sources 520 located in the housing 502 of the connecting part 50 of the nozzle 2, to a protective window 500 located at the distal end of the tubular part 501 of the nozzle 2, to illuminate the area under study . The protective window can be a flat element that does not refract light, there it can be an optical lens. The spectral composition of the radiation transmitted through the first channel depends on the specifics of the endoscopic examination. At the proximal end of the first channel there is a printed circuit board 519 with radiation sources 520 placed on it, in particular light, which is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 508 that hosts electronic components, such as LED drivers, necessary for the operation of radiation sources 520. LEDs are used as light sources in one of the embodiments. The transmission of light from radiation sources 520 to the distal end of the tubular part 501 is carried out via a light guide 521, which is used as an optical fiber or a light-guide bundle in one of the implementation options. For optical matching (docking) of the radiation sources 520 and the light guide 521, a matching optical element (connector) 518 is used, for example, focusing gradants are used. The number and type of light guides 521, radiation sources 520 and connectors 518, as well as their physical parameters, is determined at the engineering implementation stage of the invention and depends on the specifics of the endoscopic examination for which the removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 is intended.

The second channel of the optical system of the distal nozzle 2 is an optical information channel 517 and is designed to transmit reflected by the object under study the light passing through the protective window 500, located at the distal end of the tubular part 501, from the protective window 500 to the light receiver and the opto-electronic module 506, placed in the housing 502. The technical implementation of the optical information channel is known and is determined mainly by the diameter and length of the tubular part 501 and can be carried out, for example, with use of lens (wrapping) systems, gradient rod lenses, also called gradans, GRIN lenses, a single-core fiber, a light guide bundle with regular fiber placement, or a combination of the above components or by any other method known at the time of the invention.

At the distal end (lens) of the information channel 517 and the lighting channel consisting of optical fibers 521, in one of the implementation options are placed lens elements, gradient optical elements and / or prisms that convert reflected light from the area of interest to provide the necessary angles and viewing directions. In one embodiment, the function of the lens can be performed by the protective window 500 itself, which can be made of any light transmitting, in particular, polymeric material.

Due to the location of the functional head in the housing 502 of the connecting part 50, which has a significantly larger diameter than the diameter of the tubular part 501 of the distal nozzle 2, it is possible to accommodate radiation sources of greater power or different spectral composition and optical-electronic module with a lens system and photosensitive matrix of larger diameter for the reception and transmission of high-resolution images, in particular, equal to or greater than 4 K, allowing to provide about siderations study area with a resolution of 4096 × 3072 pixels and higher.

When placing a functional head with an opto-electronic module directly at the distal end of the tubular part 501 of the distal nozzle 2, for example, in the embodiment of the nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 3, the diameter of the lenses placed in it is limited by its diameter, which is determined by the anatomical features of the patient's body area being examined, and which for some studies should not exceed 2 mm. In contrast, the diameter of the connecting part can have a size of from 10 to 20 mm, in one embodiment, from 10 to 15 mm, which makes it possible to ensure that radiation sources of greater power and a photosensitive matrix of larger diameter can be accommodated.

FIG. 13 depicts a controllable removable video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 of the present invention, which, unlike the implementation variants described above, has a control module 21 located thereon that allows the creation of control mechanical actions for controlling a geometric shape, in particular, by bending the controlled portion 20 of the nozzle tube 16.

In this embodiment of the invention, the controlled removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 is made in the form of a combination of essentially cylindrical bodies of different diameters and degrees of rigidity and a connecting part 50 configured to detach the video endoscopic distal attachment 2 with the handle of the video endoscope and having a common longitudinal axis L3 symmetry.

In one embodiment of the invention, the controlled removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 comprises a connecting part 50 located in the proximal portion 43 of said video endoscopic distal attachment 2, an uncontrolled tubular portion made in the form of a rigid tubular portion 16 located in the distal portion 42 of the attachment 2, controlled flexible a distal portion 20 located at the distal end of the tubular portion 16, a functional head representing the video head 17, and a manipulator or mode E 21 control of a removable video endoscopic distal nozzle 2, connected to the tubular part 16 and the connecting part, and configured to control the steerable region 20. The tubular part 16 can be made both rigid, for example, from metal, and elastic, for example, from silicone rubber . The connecting part contains a printed circuit board 13 with contact elements arranged thereon for connection with the response contact elements of the endoscope handle 1 and described in more detail above with respect to the embodiments of the removable nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 1-12.

In one embodiment of the implementation of a controlled removable distal nozzle of a medical diagnostic device according to the present invention, the module 21 controls the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 shown in FIG. 14, comprises a housing containing a control body 24, and a control mechanism located inside the housing, wherein said control mechanism is configured to mechanically act on the controllable section 20 for changing the geometrical shape of the controlled section 20 by transferring the mechanical action from the control authority 24 to the specified mechanism management. In this embodiment, the control body 24 has a substantially cylindrical shape with longitudinal recesses located on its peripheral surface that facilitate the gripping and turning of the operator control body 24 when controlling the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. In other embodiments, the control body 24 may have a different shape For example, it may have a cross-sectional polygon shape, which makes it easy for the operator control body 24 to rotate when controlling the geometric shape y of the controlled area 20 of the video endoscopic distal attachment 2.

Module 21 controls the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 is mechanically connected to the controlled section 20 in such a way that when its body or controls rotate, the controlled section 20 of the tubular part 16 changes its geometric shape, i.e. bent in one plane in one direction or another, depending on the direction of rotation of the cylindrical control body 24. The maximum bending angle and bending direction of the controlled section 20 is determined by the specifics of medical examinations that are carried out using video endoscopic distal attachment 2 of this type.

In one embodiment of the invention, the housing of the control mechanism of the control module 21 of the removable controlled video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 comprises a distal wall 22 of the housing of the distal nozzle control module 21, a proximal wall 23 of the housing of the distal nozzle control module 21, thrust control 204, 205 a drum 25 for the biases, a fixed guide 27, a mechanism for fixing the shape of the controlled section 20, comprising a spring 28, a first rotary friction element 29, a second rotation ny friction element 30 and a stationary friction element 31, the key 32 for transmitting the rotation of the cylindrical body 24 controls the drum 25, the key 33 for transmitting the linear movement of the cylindrical body 24 to control the first rotary friction element 29 fixing portion 20 forms managed.

The distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 are fixedly mounted on the proximal extension of the tubular part 16. A connecting part 50 is attached to the proximal wall 23 and fixedly attached to it is a connecting part 50 designed to attach a removable controlled videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 to the control unit or the handle of a medical diagnostic device. Thus, the tubular part 16, the distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 form an integral rigid body. Between the distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 is placed a hollow cylindrical control body 24, which is adapted to rotate around the longitudinal axis L3 of the controlled video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and move along this axis. A first rotary friction element 29 is rigidly connected with a cylindrical control body 24 via a key 33, which simultaneously with a cylindrical control body 24 can rotate around the longitudinal axis L3 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and move in the axial direction along the proximal extension of the tubular part 16. In the first rotary friction the element 29 has through cuts through which the thrusts 204, 205 pass from the controlled section 20 to the drum 25, which is rotatable around the prod The L3 axis of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. The size of the notches is chosen so that during its rotation the first rotary friction element 29 does not prevent the movement of the thrusts 204, 205. In particular, the thrusts 204, 205 are arranged with a gap relative to the inner surface of the notches of the first rotary friction element 29. On the distal side, the second rotary friction element 30 is fixedly attached to the first pivoting friction element 29 in such a way that if the user does not hold the cylindrical control body 24, Under the action of the spring 28, the second rotary friction element 30 is pressed against the stationary friction element 31, which is fixed on the distal wall 22. In the second rotary friction element 30 and the stationary friction element 31, through cuts 204, 205 are made. Thus, the cylindrical control body 24, the key 33, the first rotary friction element 29 and the second rotary friction element 30 are rigidly connected, perform simultaneous movement and rotation and are under compressive force ruzyne 28. When finding the cylindrical body 24 to control the free state, i.e., in the absence of user control by the user, due to friction forces between the second rotary friction element 30 and the stationary friction element 31, these elements prevent the cylindrical control body 24 from being rotated relative to its longitudinal axis.

Through the key 32, the rotation of the cylindrical control body 24 is transmitted to the drum 25, on which the proximal ends of the two rods 204, 205 are fastened. freed up. When changing the direction of rotation of the drum 25 also changes the direction of movement of both rods 204, 205. Due to the grooves in the cylindrical control body 24, the movement of the cylindrical control body 24 along its axis is not transmitted to the drum 25. The presence of the drum provides a linear relationship between the angle of rotation and the amount of movement of the rods 204, 205.

The user controls the shape or bend of the controlled portion 20 of the removable controlled videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 as follows: first, he moves the cylindrical control body 24 in the proximal direction of the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2, taking the second rotary friction element 30 out of contact with the fixed friction element 31. Then, holding a cylindrical control body 24 in an offset state; it rotates a cylindrical control body 24, while rotating It is transmitted through the key 32 on the drum 25, and the thrust 204, 205 are set in motion. After reaching the necessary position, i.e. the bend of the controlled portion 20 of the videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 at the desired angle in the desired direction, the user releases the cylindrical control body 24, and under the action of the spring 28 it moves in the distal direction, while the second rotary friction element 30 comes into contact with the fixed friction element 31, preventing unwanted rotation of the cylindrical control body 24 due to the tension of the strut 204, 205, caused by the elastic forces of the controlled section 20.

In one embodiment, the controlled removable video endoscopic distal attachment 2 may comprise an RFID tag and necessary electronic components (not shown) for RFID identification, such as an NFC antenna, which are placed on the tubular portion 16 under the distal wall 22, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. . four.

In another embodiment of the invention, the control mechanism of the control module of the removable controlled video-endoscopic distal nozzle shown in FIG. 15 comprises a distal wall 22 of the housing of the control module of the distal nozzle, a proximal wall 23 of the housing of the control module of the distal nozzle, a cylindrical hollow element 134 with two threaded sections with left and right threads, a cylindrical nut 135 with a protrusion (not shown) and a right thread 136 with a protrusion 139 and left-hand thread, a disk 138 for transmitting rotation from the cylindrical control body 24 to the cylindrical hollow element 134, a key 137 connecting the cylindrical control body 24 to the disk 138, two thrusts, one of which is designated 140, and the second thrust symmetrical to the 140 and located on the opposite side of the cylindrical hollow element 134 is not displayed, the stationary cylindrical element 141 with cutouts for the projections of the nuts 135 and 136 serving as guides, and the fixed guide disk 142 s holes for

The distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 are fixedly mounted on the proximal extension of the tubular part 16. A connecting part 50 located on the proximal portion 43 of the controlled video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 and containing a printed circuit board with contact elements is fixed to the proximal wall 23. Thus, the tubular part 16, the distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 form an integral rigid body. Between the distal wall 22 and the proximal wall 23 is placed a hollow cylindrical control body 24, which is rotatable around its longitudinal axis. On the continuation of the tubular part 16 in the proximal direction coaxially with it is placed a cylindrical hollow element 134 with two threaded sections with left and right threads. The cylindrical hollow element 134 is configured to rotate around the longitudinal axis L3 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2. A disk 138 is rigidly attached to the cylindrical hollow element 134, which is rigidly connected to the cylindrical control body 24 via a key 137. Thus, the cylindrical control body 24, the disk 138 and the cylindrical hollow element 134 with a thread form a rigidly connected composite body and can rotate simultaneously.

On the threaded sections of the cylindrical hollow element 134 placed nuts 136 and 135, respectively, with left and right threads. The nuts 135 and 136 have rectangular protrusions protruding into the notches of the stationary cylindrical element 141. Thus, rotation of the cylindrical hollow element 134 causes the nuts 135 and 136 held by turning the respective protrusions and the cylindrical element 141 to move in the axial direction. Proximal ends of the thrust 140 and a symmetrical thrust located on the opposite side of the cylindrical hollow element 134 are attached to the protrusions of the nuts 136 and 135. Through the holes in the fixed guide disc 142 the thrusts are connected to the controlled section 20.

The user controls the controlled portion 20 of the video-endoscopic distal nozzle 2 as follows: first, he rotates the cylindrical control body 24. Simultaneously with the rotation of the cylindrical control body 24, the cylindrical hollow element 134 is rotated, and the nuts 135 and 136 are moved in the axial direction, which leads to the tension of one of the rods and the weakening of the other. Changing the direction of rotation of the cylindrical control body 24 changes the direction of movement of the rods to the opposite.

The length of the threaded portion of the cylindrical hollow element 134 determines the amplitude of movement of the controlled section 20, and the thread pitch determines the control sensitivity of the controlled section 20. In addition, the thread pitch is chosen so as to ensure irreversibility, i.e. the impossibility of reverse rotation of the cylindrical hollow element 134 under the action of the elastic forces of the controlled section 20.

In one embodiment of the invention, the guided portion 20 of the removable guided video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 shown in FIG. 16 comprises a fastening element 203, a first rod 204, a second rod 205, a stiffening rib 206, a flexible ribbon cable 207 extending to the video head, a cylindrical body 208, and a tubular sheath 209.

On the distal part of the controlled area 20 of the video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 is located the video head 17 of the functional head. In one of the embodiments of the invention, the video head 17 includes a protective window 201, the housing 200 of the video head 17, and an opto-electronic module 202 containing a video sensor and other electronic components, such as light-emitting diodes and optical elements. The composition and location of the elements of the opto-electronic module is determined at the stage of engineering implementation of the invention.

The cylindrical body 208 is made of a monolithic elastic material, such as silicone rubber. The longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body 208 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the controlled section 20. The distal end of the cylindrical body 208, which is made flat, is adjacent a rigid substantially cylindrical fastening element 203, in which a groove is made for the passage of conductive elements, such as wires or flexible printed circuit boards. cable 207 to the opto-electronic module 202 of the functional head.

To the fastening element 203 attached distal ends of the rods 204 and 205 and the distal end of the ribs 206 stiffness. Thus, the fastening element 203, with its proximal end, adjoins the distal flat end of the cylindrical body 208 and mechanically connects the thrust 204, 205 and the stiffening rib 206. The proximal ends of the rods 204 and 205 are connected to the drum 25 of the control module 21. Traction 204 and 205 are located in the plane of the bend of the controlled section 20.

The flexible ribbon cable 207 is powered by the opto-electronic module 202 and information is exchanged, such as the exchange of information and / or control signals between the electronic unit and the opto-electronic module 202. The proximal end of the flexible ribbon cable 207 is connected to the contact elements of the printed circuit board video endoscopic distal nozzle 2 or, if necessary, with a printed circuit board with additional electronic components (not shown). The free proximal end of the ribs is located in the zone of connection of the tubular part 16 and the controlled section 20.

Traction 204 and 205 are placed as close as possible to the outer surface of the cylindrical body 208, in which longitudinal grooves (not shown) of the appropriate size are made for their placement.

The flexible ribbon cable 207 is bent in the form of a spiral around the cylindrical body 208 along its longitudinal axis and is placed on its outer surface in such a way that the flexible ribbon cable 207 holds the thrust 204 and 205 in the longitudinal grooves of the cylindrical body 208, but does not prevent their longitudinal movement. Thus, the walls of the longitudinal grooves of the cylindrical body 208, in which the thrusts 204 and 205 and the flexible ribbon cable 207 are placed, limit the lateral movement of the rods, but do not prevent their longitudinal movement, thus forming guides for the longitudinal movement of the rods 204, 205.

On the outer side of the cylindrical body 208 with a flexible ribbon cable placed on it, there is a tubular elastic sheath 209, which is sealed to the body 200 of the video head and the tubular part 16.

FIG. 17 is an axonometric view of the controlled portion without a cylindrical body, a tubular casing and the housing of the video head 17, and FIG. 18A, 18B is an axonometric view of a controlled section without a cylindrical body, a tubular sheath, a flexible ribbon cable, and a video head 17, which shows the fastening element 203 with distal ends of the ribs 204 and 205 attached to it and the distal end of the stiffening rib 206 surrounded by flexible ribbon cable 207 .

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the thrusts 204 and 205 are made of a soft material, such as a polymeric thread, so that when bending the controlled section 20, only one thrust deforms it, and the second is in a free state.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tubular sheath 209 does not have a rigid connection with the cylindrical body 208 and the flexible ribbon cable 207. Thus, when the controlled section 20 bends, the tubular sheath 209 can stretch and contract.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tubular sheath 209 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical body 208 and flexible ribbon cable 207, for example, by means of adhesives or in the process of manufacturing elastic elements of the controlled section 20, such as tubular sheath 209 and the cylindrical body 208, in the form of one monolithic body, for example, when they are manufactured at the same time, for example, casting from silicone.

The preferred method of connecting the cylindrical body 208 and the tubular shell 209 is determined by the diameter and length of the desired controlled section 20, the properties of the materials from which they are made, such as their stiffness, compressibility and tensile strength, and is selected when implementing the invention.

Management managed area 20 removable managed videoendoscopic distal nozzle 2 is as follows. To bend the controlled area 20, the user, using a cylindrical control body 24, moves one of the rods “loaded” in the longitudinal direction, reducing its working length. The second “free” thrust is released, and its length increases. As a result of reducing the length of the “loaded” thrust through the fastening element 203, a compression force acts on one of the sides of the cylindrical body 208, which leads to its deformation (bending) in the direction of the “loaded” thrust. If the “free” thrust is made of rigid material, depending on the embodiment of the invention, then one of the sides of the cylindrical body 208 is additionally affected by the tensile force. Rotating the cylindrical control body 24 in different directions, the user selects the direction and amount of bending of the controlled section 20.

When bending a cylindrical body 208, the “loaded” thrust tends to go beyond the surface of the controlled section 20, taking a position in a straight line connecting the distal and proximal ends of the controlled section 20, which can lead to a violation of the integrity of the tubular sheath and the endoscope failure. This is prevented by a spiral-shaped flexible ribbon cable 207, located on the outer surface of the cylindrical body 208, which limits the movement of the rods in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L3 of the distal nozzle.

To prevent deflection of the curved controlled section 20 not in the control plane, a stiffening rib 206 is used, which is a plate of elastic material for which the torsion resistance force is substantially higher than the bending resistance force.

Although the removable video-endoscopic distal attachment 2 and the medical diagnostic device according to the present invention have been described by the example of a video endoscope with a removable nozzle containing a video head, the present invention can also be used for various types of medical diagnostic devices, such as a diaphanoscope, devices for fluorescent endoscopy , ultrasound endoscopy, 3d-endoscopy, laser endoscopic surgery and high-frequency surgery.

In the case of applications for high-frequency surgery, the functional head of the distal nozzle may contain an electrode of an electrosurgical instrument. In one embodiment, the implementation of the functional head may contain a video sensor and an electrode of an electrosurgical instrument to provide visual endoscopic control during surgical intervention.

In the case of laser endoscopic surgery, the functional head may contain a source of laser radiation.

In the case of ultrasonic endoscopy for a device, the functional head of the distal nozzle may contain an ultrasonic emitter.

When used for various special video endoscopic examinations, such as, for example, IR video endoscopy, fluorescent diagnostics or narrow-spectrum endoscopy (Narrow Band Imaging, NBI), the functional head of the distal nozzle 2 may contain, in various combinations, sources of infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation and / or emit blue, green and / or other colors. The composition of radiation sources is determined by the method of endoscopic diagnostics implemented by the distal nozzle 2.

In the case of application for diaphanoscopy functional head of the distal nozzle 2 may contain only the source of visible light.

In the case of use for a 3d video endoscope, the functional head of the distal nozzle can contain two video sensors.

In the present description, the invention has been described using exemplary embodiments that should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that changes and modifications to the claimed subject matter are possible without departing from the scope and scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims. As noted above, the removable distal nozzle, the control unit and the medical diagnostic device of the present invention, as well as the method of using such a device can be successfully used in various areas, such as diaphanoscopy, fluorescent endoscopy, ultrasound endoscopy, laser endoscopic surgery, 3d endoscopy and high frequency surgery.

In particular, the present invention can be used to create medical diagnostic systems consisting of one handle or control unit and several removable disposable distal nozzles with the same or different characteristics, such as controllability, rigidity and geometrical dimensions of the distal nozzle part inserted into the body cavity. , the presence of distal end controls, the resolution and viewing angle of the sensor, etc.

Claims (41)

1. Managed removable distal nozzle for medical endoscopic device for diagnostic and / or surgical procedures, containing a tubular portion located at the distal portion of said packing, the tubular portion comprising a control portion located at the distal end of the tubular portion, functional head located at the distal end of the controlled area, a connecting part located on the proximal portion of the nozzle and configured to detachably connect the nozzle to the control unit of the medical endoscopic device, and a nozzle control module containing an operator controllable control unit, wherein the nozzle control module is connected to the tubular part and the connecting part and configured to create control mechanical actions for controlling the controlled portion of the tubular part when the said control element is rotated. 2. The attachment according to claim 1, wherein the control module is located between the tubular part and the connecting part. 3. The nozzle according to claim 2, wherein the tubular portion comprises a rigid portion adjacent to the controlled portion and connected to the nozzle control module. 4. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle control module comprises a housing and a control mechanism located inside the housing and adapted to mechanically act on the controlled portion to change the geometric shape of the controlled portion of the tubular part. 5. The nozzle according to claim 4, wherein the case of the nozzle control module comprises a distal wall and a proximal wall, which are fixed on the proximal extension of the tubular part. 6. The nozzle according to claim 5, in which the connecting part is adjacent to the proximal wall and fixedly attached to it. 7. The nozzle according to claim 4, in which the governing body covers the control mechanism and is configured to transmit a mechanical effect on the control mechanism and thereby change the geometric shape of the controlled section of the tubular part. 8. The nozzle according to claim 7, in which the control has a substantially cylindrical shape. 9. The nozzle according to claim 4, wherein the control mechanism comprises at least two thrusts extending inside the tubular part, by means of which the nozzle control module is connected to the controlled section. 10. Nozzle under item 9, in which the controlled area contains a cable made in the form of a spiral, and these thrusts are inside the specified spiral of the cable. 11. Nozzle under item 10, in which the cable is configured to supply through it the power and / or transmission of information signals between the functional head and the control unit. 12. The attachment according to claim 1, wherein the functional head comprises electronic components comprising at least one of the following: a video head, an ultrasound source, an ultraviolet radiation source, an infrared radiation source, a visible light source, a laser radiation source, or an electrode. 13. The attachment according to claim 1, which also contains a radio frequency identification tag for identifying said controlled removable distal attachment when it is attached to the control unit. 14. The nozzle according to claim 4, in which the control mechanism includes a drum, driven in rotation by the control body, at least two thrusts and a guide for the thrusters, with the distal ends of the specified at least two thrusters fixed to the distal end of the controlled section, and their proximal the ends are fixed on the drum, the drum being configured to wind one thrust and simultaneously wind the second thrust as it rotates by means of said control to change the geometrical shape of the controlled section. 15. The nozzle according to claim 14, in which the change in geometric shape is a bend of the controlled area. 16. The attachment according to claim 14, in which by winding one thrust and simultaneously winding the second thrust when the drum rotates, the bending of the controlled section of the tubular part is increased in one direction or its bend is reduced in the other direction, depending on the direction of rotation of the drum, is linear. 17. The nozzle according to claim 14, wherein the control mechanism of the nozzle control module also includes a mechanism for fixing the shape of the controlled area, comprising a spring, a fixed friction element and at least one rotary friction element, configured to interact with the fixed friction element by means of said spring for prevent the drum from rotating in order to fix the required bend of the controlled section. 18. The attachment according to claim 17, wherein the mechanism for fixing the shape of the controlled section is configured to remove the rotary friction element from engaging with the fixed friction element by longitudinal movement of the control to ensure free rotation of the control to change the bend of the controlled section. 19. The nozzle according to Claim. 1, in which the connecting part comprises at least two electrical contact elements configured to come into contact with the response contact elements of the control unit when the nozzle is attached to the control unit. 20. The nozzle according to claim 19, wherein the electrical contact elements are located in one or several rows on the connecting part, each contact element of each row in the longitudinal direction of the nozzle is offset from the previous contact element in the radial direction inwards. 21. The nozzle according to claim 19 or 20, in which at least one of said contact elements provides power supply through it to the nozzle, wherein said at least one contact element has a shorter length than the other contact elements. 22. A control unit for a controlled removable distal nozzle of a medical endoscopic device for diagnostic and / or surgical procedures, comprising a receiving element adapted to attach a controlled removable distal nozzle according to one of claims. 1-21. 23. The control unit according to claim 22, further comprising an electronic unit for generating control signals that control the electronic components of the controlled removable distal nozzle, and at least two electrical contact elements that are responsive to the electrical contact elements of the controlled removable distal nozzle and configured to contact the contact elements of the controlled removable distal nozzle when it is connected to the control unit. 24. The control unit according to claim 22 or 23, further comprising fixing means adapted to cooperate with fixing means located on the controlled removable distal nozzle for fixing the distal nozzle in the control unit after its attachment, with the fixing means of the control block adapted to releasing the distal nozzle by actuating the extraction means located on the control unit. 25. The control unit according to claim 22, in which the extraction tool is made in the form of a push button. 26. The control unit in one of the paragraphs. 22-25, which also contains a handle for its capture by the operator when manipulating a controlled removable distal nozzle. 27. Medical endoscopic device for diagnostic and / or surgical procedures, containing The control unit according to any one of paragraphs. 22-26, and controlled removable distal nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 1-21. 28. The device according to claim 27, which further comprises a display device made with the possibility of connection with the specified control unit for outputting an image perceived by a controlled removable distal nozzle. 29. The method of using medical endoscopic device for diagnostic and / or surgical procedures in one of the paragraphs. 27-28, according to which: - attach managed removable distal nozzle according to any one of paragraphs. 1-21 to the control unit in one of the paragraphs. 22-26; - supply power to the control unit; - enter managed removable distal nozzle in the examined area of the patient's body; perform diagnostic and / or surgical manipulations, determined by the type of attached controlled removable distal nozzle.

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