RU2683186C1 - Combined two-border system for protection of objects perimeters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: intrusion alarm systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of security alarm, in particular to means of objects perimeters guarding, intended for detection, by means of technical facilities, intruders penetrating into the protected territory, and triggering the detection equipment. System consists of two signal analysis channels. System includes first and second sensitive elements, first and second signal converters, first and second signal analysis units, a processor, a comparator unit, a receiving-transmit module with a wire line and a radio modem with a radio link. Signal analysis units are configured to determine digital signs of degrees of threat in each channel. Processor is configured to combine digital signs of threat degrees based on logic circuits "AND" and "OR" with generation of a generalized digital signal characterizing a general threat degrees. Final logical alarm signal of the system is generated based on the result of comparing the generalized digital signal with a given digital threshold.

EFFECT: high reliability of protection.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of burglar alarms, in particular, to means for guarding perimeters of objects intended for detecting, using technical means, intruders penetrating into a protected area and causing triggering of technical means of detection. Typically, to protect the perimeters of objects used technical means of detection, working on different physical principles. To increase the reliability of protection, various methods of combining detection tools from collaboration to using logical processing of the response signals of these detection tools can be used.

Well-known security systems that implement the methods of collaboration of several detection tools. For example, it is known "Combined detection tool" described in the patent for utility model RU No. 65270, IPC G08B 13/00, publ. 2007. The detection tool comprises vibration and radio beam detection means. The combination of detection tools is based on the use of a common fence, which is the basis for placing detection tools on it. When an intruder overcomes a fence, detection means generate alarms. The combination method described in the patent characterizes only the joint use of detection tools at the object of protection.

Similar features of the described combined detection means and the claimed system is the detection means used.

The disadvantage of the combined detection means described in the patent is the inability to combine alarms according to the “AND” and “OR” logic circuits to increase the security of the protection.

The well-known "Method of combined protection of the perimeter of an extended object" described in the patents for inventions RU No. 2599523 and RU No. 2599527, IPC H04N 7/18, HB 10/00, publ. 2016. This method includes the implementation of several lines of protection, on which the sensitive elements of the technical means of detection are installed. Television controls for visual observation are also installed on the perimeter. When guarding the perimeter of an extended object, alarm-ringing devices are used that provide discrete information collection around the perimeter of the object. The method allows to increase the reliability of object protection due to the joint use of many technical means of detection.

Similar features of the described method of combined protection and the claimed system are used sensitive elements of the technical means of detection.

The disadvantage of this method is the excessive amount of funds used, which is not economically feasible, as well as the lack of the ability to combine alarms according to the logical circuits “AND” and “OR” to increase the reliability of protection.

Known "Integrated multi-spectrum intrusion detection device and method of operation" (Integrated multi-spectrum intrusion threat detection device and method for operation), described in US patent No. 7902977, IPC G08B 13/00, G08B 13/08, publ. 2011, which is selected as a prototype. The device contains many sensitive elements located in the room, each of which generates a signal representing the detected event, a signal processing unit, a computing unit (computer), a storage unit, a parameter setting unit, a unit for determining the duration of the analyzed process, an alarm generation unit (comparison unit) , transmit-receive module and user interface unit. The signals from the sensitive elements enter the signal processing unit, where each signal is analyzed and its spectrum is determined. Further, in the computing unit (computer), each spectrum is converted into a digital normalized (from 0 to 1) threat value taking into account the corresponding type of sensitive element. In the storage unit, these values are stored for a certain period of time. The alarm generation block (comparison block) determines the digital value of the aggregate threat from several sensitive elements. Further, in this block, the aggregate threat value is compared with the threshold value for generating a generalized alarm. If the aggregate threat value exceeds the threshold value, a generalized alarm signal is generated, which is transmitted by the transmit-receive module through the communication channel to the information collection and display system. As sensitive elements, motion sensors (infrared passive sensors, microwave sounding sensors), acoustic sensors for sound or vibration perception, microphone sensors, glass break sensors can be used. The combination method described in the patent characterizes the joint use of sensitive elements operating on different physical principles, taking into account the type of sensitive element and the presence of an aggregate threat.

Similar features of the described device and the claimed system are sensitive elements, a computing unit (computer), a comparison unit, a transmit-receive module, and the use of a digital normalized (from 0 to 1) threat value taking into account the corresponding type of sensitive element.

The disadvantage of the device described in the patent is the inability to combine the digital values of threats according to the logical schemes “AND” and “OR” to increase the reliability of protection.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the reliability of the perimeters of objects.

Improving the reliability of protection is achieved by:

1) the formation of digital signs of the degree of threat for each line of protection;

2) the use of fuzzy logic algorithms for the intellectual processing of information to determine the degree of threat;

3) the possibility of combining digital signs of the degree of threat according to the logical schemes “AND” (conjunction) and “OR” (disjunction) with the definition of a generalized degree of threat;

4) the use of fuzzy logic rules for processing information on logical circuits in the processor;

5) the possibility of choosing a combination according to the “AND” and / or “OR” logic circuits according to the commands received by the system from the central control center, taking into account the physical principle of operation of sensitive elements and the existing operational situation in the protected area.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that the combined two-sided system for guarding the perimeters of objects contains the first and second sensitive elements, a processor and a comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmit-receive module, the first and second sensitive elements are located on the ground in the zone of detection of the intruder, the input / output of the transmit-receive module is connected to a wired communication line, and the processor is made with the possibility of combining digital signs of the degree of threat according to the logical schemes “AND” and “OR”, as AV systems included: first and second signal converters, configured to convert the output signals of the first and second sensitive elements into digital signals for analysis; the first and second blocks of signal analysis, configured to determine digital signs of the degree of threat; as well as a radio modem with a radio communication channel, wherein the output of the first sensor through the first signal converter and the first signal analysis unit connected in series to the first input of the processor, the output of the second sensor through the second signal converter and the second signal analysis unit connected in series to the second input of the processor, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, the output of the transmit-receive module is connected to the third input of the processor and to the second a course comparison unit, a radio modem output is connected to the fourth input of the processor and to the third input of the comparator, and the radio input is connected to the output of the comparator. The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-4.

In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of the system, where the following notation is introduced: 1 - the first sensitive element, 2 - the second sensitive element, 3 - the intruder detection zone, 4 - the first signal converter, 5 - the second signal converter, 6 - the first signal analysis block, 7 - the second block of signal analysis, 8 — the processor, 9 — the comparison unit, 10 — the transmit-receive module, 11 — the radio modem, 12 — the wired communication line, 13 — the radio communication channel, 14 — the intruder.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows an example of a plane of the common feature space of a two-sided security system with the R1 and R2 axes, which shows areas that limit the set of useful signals (areas "A", "B", "C") and many interference signals (area "D").

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the feature space of a two-way security system to illustrate the principle of logical processing of digital signs of the degree of threat.

In FIG. 4, as an example, a feature space for a two-border security system with two threshold values at each boundary is presented.

The proposed system works as follows.

The first 1 and second 2 sensitive elements at the stage of formation of the security lines are located on the ground in the zone of detection of the intruder 3. Sensitive elements can be performed using different physical principles of operation: vibrometric, seismic, magnetometric, radio wave, infrared, acoustic and others. The signals from the outputs of the first 1 and second 2 sensitive elements are received, respectively, at the inputs of the first 4 and second 5 signal converters, where they are converted to the corresponding digital signals for further analysis. These signals are fed to the inputs of the first 6 and second 7 signal analysis blocks, in which digital signs of the degrees of danger R ₁ and R ₂ are determined. These signs go further to the first and second inputs of the processor 8, where they are processed in accordance with the rules of fuzzy logic according to the decisive rule, while generating a generalized digital signal V, characterizing the generalized degree of threat for deciding on overcoming the boundaries of protection by an intruder 14 according to the result combining signals with sensitive elements. This signal is then fed to the input of the comparison unit 9, which generates the final logical alarm signal T = 1 based on the result of comparing the generalized digital signal V with the given digital threshold value Uп, provided that V> Uп. The generated alarm signal is transmitted to the input of the transmit-receive module 10 and to the input of the radio modem 11 for its further transmission to the central control center, respectively, via a wired communication line 12 and via a radio communication channel 13. From the central control center (not shown in FIG. 1 ) through the specified communication channels to the processor 8 and the comparison unit 9 may receive control commands of the security system. These commands make it possible to choose the combination according to the “AND” and / or “OR” logic schemes, taking into account the physical principle of operation of sensitive elements and the existing operational situation in the protected area.

The series-connected elements 1, 4, 6 and, respectively, 2, 5, 7 form two independent signal analysis channels.

The first 6 and second 7 signal analysis blocks may include computing tools (for example, microprocessors), which are provided with memory and the necessary software package with the ability to determine and record digital signs of threats and store them in memory. The processor 8 is configured to combine digital signs of the degree of threat according to the logical schemes “AND” and “OR”.

The principle of operation of the proposed system is based on the fact that for each type of sensitive element in the first 6 and second 7 signal analysis blocks, it is possible to form signs (R ₁ and R ₂ ) that characterize the degree of threat for further decision making on the alarm message. These signs can be determined in numerical terms in the range from 0 to 1 on a linear scale (for example, R ₁ = 0.37 or R ₂ = 0.79, etc.). Each sign must be related in a one-to-one correspondence with both the integrated detection probability (P _about ) and the probability of failure from interfering signals (P _NL ) = (1-P _L ), where P _L is the probability of false positives. Zero value of the attribute corresponds to zero threat, a single value corresponds to the maximum threat. Intermediate values indicate an increase in threats in numerical order. It is quite enough to count the values of signs with an accuracy of two decimal places.

Signs R ₁ and R ₂ are formed at the time of the intersection by the human-intruder 14 of the zone of detection of the intruder 3 in the presence of changes in the signals at the outputs of the sensitive elements. When forming the signs of R ₁ and R ₂ , information processing can be carried out with the possibility of using intelligent signal processing algorithms, for example, Fuzzy Logic algorithms. The fuzzy logic algorithm for signal processing is a well-known algorithm and is used, for example, in the radio-beam sensors of the alarm system of the ERMO 482X PRO series manufactured by CIAS, www.cias-russia.ru.

In the simplest case, signs R ₁ and R ₂ can be used, determined as a result of exceeding the threshold signal values. For example, in a single-threshold detector, such a sign is obviously proportional to the amplitude of a certain signal, exceeding which a fixed threshold level (П _У ) is used to detect useful signals when an intruder penetrates the security line. Indeed, each value of P _Y corresponds to the value of the probability of detection (P _about ) and the period of false positives (T _L ).

Thus, the signs of R ₁ and R ₂ can be used in the processor 8 to build a decision rule set forth in the following formula:

where V is a generalized digital signal,

- знак конъюнкции,

- conjunction mark,

v is a sign of disjunction.

0,93=0,47), а результатом дизъюнкции (элемент «ИЛИ») будет признак с максимальным цифровым значением (например, 0,47 v 0,93=0,93). Результатом логического объединения по формуле (1) будет обобщенный цифровой сигнал V, характеризующий обобщенную степень угрозы для принятия решения о преодолении человеком-нарушителем двухрубежной системы охраны по результату комбинирования сигналов с чувствительных элементов. Для формирования на выходе блока сравнения 9 бинарного сигнала тревоги (Т=1) необходимо сравнить обобщенный цифровой сигнал V с заданным цифровым пороговым значением Uп. При условии V>Uп будет сформирован окончательный логический сигнал тревоги двухрубежной системы охраны.The essence of this decisive rule is the possibility of simultaneously combining the shares of threats from each sensitive element in the logical operations “AND” and “OR”, which increases the reliability of the security system. These logical associations are performed in accordance with the rules of fuzzy logic, in which the result of the conjunction (element "AND") of two signs will be a sign with a minimum digital value (for example, 0.47

0.93 = 0.47), and the result of the disjunction (“OR” element) will be a sign with a maximum digital value (for example, 0.47 v 0.93 = 0.93). The result of logical combining according to formula (1) will be a generalized digital signal V, characterizing the generalized degree of threat for a decision to be taken by a human-violator to overcome a two-way security system by combining signals from sensitive elements. To generate a binary alarm signal (T = 1) at the output of the comparison unit 9, it is necessary to compare the generalized digital signal V with the given digital threshold value Uп. Under the condition V> Up, the final logical alarm of the two-way security system will be generated.

Using the rules of fuzzy logic allows instead of binary combinations according to the logical schemes “AND” or “OR” to obtain a generalized combination of signs, which includes the simultaneous combination of shares of threats by “AND” and shares of threats by “OR”.

Consider a two-way security system in which signs R ₁ and R ₂ are formed at each boundary, respectively. In FIG. 2, in the plane of the common feature space R ₁ and R ₂ , regions are shown bounding a plurality of useful signals and a plurality of interfering signals. To separate the useful and interference signals, a straight line can be drawn in the plane of the feature space F (R ₁ , R ₂ ).

In the simplest case, for a single-threshold detector, setting threshold values P ₁ and P ₂ for each of the signs, you can receive signals, combining which according to the "AND" scheme or the "OR" scheme, you can generate an alarm message. An alarm message is generated in the area of the attribute space above the straight line F (R ₁ , R ₂ ).

Suppose that the intruder crossed two lines of the security system. At the same time, in the first channel, the first signal analysis block 6 generated a digital sign of the degree of threat R ₁ due to the excess of the threshold value P ₁ and in the second channel the second signal analysis block 7 formed a digital sign of the degree of threat R ₂ due to the excess of the threshold value P ₂ . In FIG. 3, this event is marked by point E. The digital values of these signs in accordance with formula (1) are equal to: R ₁ = 0.35 and R ₂ = 0.75 (the values are determined from the projection of point E on the axis R ₁ and R ₂ ). The total value of these signs, determined by the processor 8 according to the formula (1), is: V = 0.35 + 0.75 = 1.10. It is known that the maximum value of the generalized digital signal V will be 2.00 (see Fig. 3). Setting the digital threshold value Uп equal to 0.5 in the comparison unit 9, we obtain the fulfillment of the condition V> Uп, as a result of which the comparison unit 9 will generate the final logical alarm T = 1.

At another crossing of the security lines by the human-intruder (point F in Fig. 3), the signs R ₁ = 0.81 and R ₂ = 0.32 will be generated in the same way, and the total value of these signs according to formula (1) will be: V = 0 81 + 0.32 = 1.23. At the same threshold value Uп, we obtain the condition V> Up, as a result of which the comparison unit 9 will also generate the final logical alarm T = 1. Points E and F in the feature space of FIG. 3 are located above the dividing line and are in the space of many useful signals.

For comparison, for example, we consider the points G and H located below the dividing line in the space of many interfering signals. For point G, signs R ₁ = 0.35 and R ₂ = 0.43 with a total value of V = 0.78 will be generated, and for point H, signs R ₁ = 0.35 and R ₂ = 0.32 with a total value of V = 0.32. In both cases, at the same threshold value Uп, the conditions V> Up are not fulfilled and the final logical alarms by the comparison unit 9 will not be generated (Т = 0).

In FIG. 4 as an example, another feature space with the axes R ₁ , R ₂ for a _two -sided object security system with two threshold values at each boundary is presented. For this system, a generalized digital signal for two V channels will have the following form:

where the signs of R ₁ and R ₂ are signs of R ₁ (i, j) and R ₂ (i, j) with threshold values of P ₁ (i, j) and P ₂ (i, j).

The thresholds P ₁ (i) and P ₂ (i) can be set sufficiently low, for example, at the level of noise values (in Fig. 4: R ₁ (i) = 0.05 and R ₂ (i) = 0.08), and the thresholds P ₁ (j) and P ₂ G) are above the boundaries of the set of interference signals indicated in the feature space (in Fig. 4: R ₁ (j) = 0.47 and R ₂ (j) = 0.58). Then, in accordance with formula (2), the most qualitative separation of the sets of useful and interference signals will occur. It should be noted that the presence of a conjunction of signs (“I” scheme) in the first term of formula (2) should provide a reduction in the degree of threats from interfering signals, since the smallest digital value will be used in the calculation. As in the first example, setting the digital threshold value Uп equal to, for example, 0.5, we obtain for any points from the set of useful signals that the condition V> Uп is fulfilled, as a result of which the comparison unit 9 will generate the final logical alarm T = 1. It should be noted that an increase in the threshold value Uп above 0.5 will correspond to an increase in the share of significance of combining features according to the logical “AND” and a decrease in “OR”, and a decrease in the threshold value of Up below 0.5 will correspond to an increase in the share of significance of combining features according to the logical “AND” OR ”and decrease in“ AND ”. Changing the threshold value is equivalent to displacing the straight line F (R ₁ , R ₂ ) in the direction of the S axis in FIG. 4 (up - with an increase in the share of “AND” and a decrease in the share of “OR”, and down - with an increase in the share of “OR” and a decrease in the share of “AND”). Thus, changing only one value of Uп, we get the opportunity to change the information processing algorithms according to the logical schemes “AND”, “OR” to take into account the physical principle of operation of sensitive elements and the existing operational situation in the protected area. In addition, for example, to increase the probability of detection, only one "OR" algorithm can be applied, and to increase noise immunity, only one "AND" algorithm can be used.

Thus, when implementing the claimed system using the listed features, an increase in the reliability of protection of the perimeters of objects will be achieved.

Claims (1)

Combined two-way security system for perimeters of objects, containing the first and second sensitive elements, a processor and a comparison unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the transmit-receive module, characterized in that the first and second sensitive elements are located on the ground in the intruder detection zone, the module input / output The transmit-receive is connected to a wired communication line, and the processor is capable of combining digital signs of the degree of threat according to the logical circuits “AND” and “OR”, the system includes: the second and second signal converters, configured to convert the output signals of the first and second sensitive elements into digital signals for analysis; the first and second blocks of signal analysis, configured to determine digital signs of the degree of threat; as well as a radio modem with a radio communication channel, wherein the output of the first sensor through the first signal converter and the first signal analysis unit connected in series to the first input of the processor, the output of the second sensor through the second signal converter and the second signal analysis unit connected in series to the second input of the processor, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, the output of the transmit-receive module is connected to the third input of the processor and to the second a course comparison unit, a radio modem output is connected to the fourth input of the processor and to the third input of the comparator, and the radio input is connected to the output of the comparator.

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