RU2652909C1 - Well gas-turbine-nuclear oil-and-gas producing complex (plant) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a device for the development and operation of oil and gas fields with the help of a mine-and-well gas-turbine-nuclear complex. Mine-and-well gas-turbine-nuclear oil and gas producing complex (plant) contains mine shafts for penetration of an oil and gas bearing deposit, underground mining development workings of excavation and production well blocks, production wells with horizontal sections conducted in the productive layer, drilled from a surface or from underground development workings. System of injection-stimulating wells is drilled from underground mining development workings. Gas turbine electric power plant and integrated oil and gas treatment unit are installed on the surface of the complex. Nuclear power plant is located in a shaft bottom of the mine. High-temperature turbine exhaust gas channel the gas turbine power plant through a waste heat boiler and a compression-liquefaction device of carbon dioxide by a stem pipeline is connected to the heads of injection-stimulating wells directly or through one of the inputs of the switching and discharging device of a working substance – carbon dioxide or coolant into an oil and gas bearing layer. Another input of the installation located in the shaft bottom of the mine of the switching and discharging of the working substance by a thermally insulated pipeline is connected with a nuclear reactor of the nuclear power plant. Tubular heat exchangers installed in the injection-stimulating wells are included by pipelines in a circulation circuit of the thermal energy of the nuclear reactor of the nuclear power plant. Located in the injection-stimulating wells, electric well heaters or electromagnetic flowlines of induction heating are powered with redundancy from a surface gas turbine power station and from a turbomachinery power converter of an underground nuclear power plant.

EFFECT: technical result consists in the possibility of the oil and gas fields development stimulation, increasing the completeness of recovery of hydrocarbon crude (increase in ORF), and increasing the degree and efficiency of its use.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a fuel and energy complex and can be used in the development and operation of deposits of hard-to-recover and unconventional oil, at the late stage of the exploitation of oil and gas fields with traditional reservoirs, as well as to solve problems of increasing economic efficiency, safety and environmental friendliness of production, processing and use of combustible minerals.

A known method of construction of nuclear power plants [RU 2596842, 2015] with underground placement of a nuclear reactor in an isolated reinforced concrete vertical production shaft with a safety chamber. The engine room is located on the surface of the earth, excluding placement above the production shaft. An overload crane is installed inside the mine. The shaft of the mine is closed with a protective reinforced concrete slab with an exhaust gas pipe with a filter and a blocking device that provides the exit of accumulated gases inside the mine. A communication trunk and an isolated communication corridor are laid for the supply of technological networks connecting the nuclear reactor and the engine room of the nuclear power plant, which is closed by a safety plate.

Among the shortcomings of this known method of building underground nuclear power plants, along with all the shortcomings listed above, is the fact that the placement of modules and units of NPP equipment directly in the vertical shafts of mines as objects of underground construction and mining, strictly speaking (and as the whole global mining experience) is generally unacceptable for many operational reasons.

A small fast-neutron nuclear power plant with a long fuel replacement interval is known, including a pool with a fast neutron reactor having an active zone with fuel loading from metallic or cermet fuel, as well as a liquid sodium circulation circuit used as a heat transfer medium [RU 2596160, 2011]. The well-known nuclear power plant does not imply a mine design in combination with a complex of surface and underground consumers of electric and thermal energy and does not have redundant active and passive emergency cooling systems.

Known reactor installation with a fast neutron reactor and lead coolant [RU 2545098, 2014], including a reactor shaft with an upper overlap, a reactor core with a core, steam generators, circulation pumps and pipelines, as well as actuator systems and devices for starting up , operation and shutdown of the reactor installation.

A disadvantage of the known pool-type reactor installation with an integrated loop layout of the main equipment is its large dimensions, which makes it difficult to integrate this type of nuclear power plants into the layout and underground space of mines, as a special structure (object) of mining production.

A nuclear power plant is known [RU 2348994, 2007], including a fast neutron helium reactor and steam generators, a helium purification and storage system, a reactor made in the form of a body with an active zone of fuel assemblies, inside which guide pipes of the control and protection systems are installed, and the core and steam generators are included in a closed loop of helium circulation, forming cold and hot branches, and which additionally contains at least one container filled with water or an aqueous solution of boric acid They are connected to a helium circulation circuit via a water supply path, as well as a process condenser with inlet and outlet pipelines, the first of which is connected to the hot branch of the helium circulation circuit, and the second is equipped with a condensate pump and is connected to the dirty condensate tank. In this case, two coolants are used: helium - in the mode of operation of the installation at power and water - during normal and emergency shutdown of the installation. In emergency operation of the installation, an aqueous solution of boric acid enters the fuel assemblies of the reactor core and evaporates. The displacement of helium and water vapor from the circulation loop is carried out into the process condenser and then into the dirty condensate tank, which allows for efficient cooling of the reactor core. A disadvantage of the known nuclear power plant is that it lacks the means of non-volatile active and passive emergency cooling of the plant, integrated into the structure of the served consumers produced by the reactor energy.

A known method of providing electric energy in ice-covered offshore areas and an underwater nuclear power plant for its implementation [RU 2399104, 2008]. A way to provide consumers with electric energy is to deliver a floating nuclear power plant to the energy consumption area and connect it with a cable to the consumer, and the submarine nuclear power plant contains underwater atomic energy modules that are docked with a submerged moored platform containing seats for energy modules, guiding fenders and fishing docking devices. The known method and the underwater nuclear power plant have limited functionality and, as a consequence, limited, the scope indicated in the name.

A known group of inventions related to methods and devices for heating hydrocarbons in an underground reservoir [RU 2571120, 2011] and including a method for heating an underground zone by creating a cavity from a day surface in a reservoir (reservoir) of hydrocarbons to accommodate an underground heating device and the heating device itself in the form the housing of the combustion pipeline and the pipelines located therein for supplying combustible fuel and an oxygen supply pipe. A disadvantage of the known method and device for underground heating is low efficiency, limited heating capabilities and the difficulty of large-scale use of these solutions, especially when deeply buried productive reservoirs of hydrocarbon feedstocks.

A known method of developing a heavy oil deposit [RU 2597039, 2015], including drilling production and injection wells and injecting methane-containing gas into the formation, in which the produced gas, after separation, is injected back into the formation, before injecting the produced gas into the formation, it is catalytically converted to produce heated methane-containing gas containing water vapor, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The disadvantage of this method is that the technology and equipment for producing the multicomponent working fluid (displacing agent) used to increase oil recovery of a heavy oil deposit is not disclosed and is not integrated into the oil field infrastructure, and the catalytic conversion of multicomponent associated gas produced together with oil is quite sufficient expensive.

Known borehole electric heater, built into the tubing string [RU 2603311, 2015], designed for flow-through heat treatment of the formation fluid in the bottom-hole zone of the reservoir with high viscosity oil and in the tubing string, in order to reduce oil viscosity and the exclusion of the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin plugs, and including tubing, the end sections of which are configured to be embedded in the tubing string, a casing concentrically mounted relative to the tubing, and heating elements mounted between said pipe and the casing, connected to the power cable. The disadvantage of this downhole electric heater is that it provides heat treatment of formation fluids only in the bottomhole zone of the well and only in a limited area of the flow moving in the tubing.

A device and method are known for producing in situ bitumen or heavy oil fractions [RU 2589011, 2011], based on heat treatment — heating the oil deposit by electric or electromagnetic (induction) heating using conductive loops laid in wells drilled in an oil reservoir. Among the disadvantages of the known device and method of induction heating of the reservoir is that there are significant energy losses for the inevitable and virtually unnecessary heating of the rocks covering the reservoir (the roof of the reservoir) through which oil wells are drilled from the surface and through which the loop conductors pass electric / electromagnetic heating.

The closest solution adopted as a prototype is the method of mine-borehole extraction of hard-to-recover oil and the technological complex of equipment for its implementation [RU 2593614, 2015], including the mine opening of an oil deposit and the preparation of mining and extraction borehole blocks (long columns) for mining workings, formation (construction) of the system of injection-stimulating oil recovery wells by drilling them from the underground mining and development workings. Production wells are drilled from the surface of the day or directly from mining preparatory workings of excavations with conventional or branched horizontal sections of the wellbore. Methane is extracted from associated petroleum gas during oil separation, which is used to generate electrical energy at a gas turbine power plant. The propane-butane component of the associated petroleum gas is liquefied under underground conditions and used as a displacing working agent injected into the formation through a system of injection-stimulating wells. Operational work on the production of hard-to-recover oil is carried out by supplying a liquefied wide fraction of light hydrocarbons as a displacing working fluid to the reservoir through a system of injection-stimulating wells. This fraction is obtained during the separation of associated petroleum gas and / or with thermal exposure to the formation by a circulation circuit of a heat-carrying fluid with tubular heat exchangers installed in injection-stimulating wells. Among the disadvantages of the known and adopted as a prototype of the solution is that the displacing working fluid is not using the most efficient working fluid, which in most cases is carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide), and a significant part of it is used for heat treatment of the productive deposit valuable recoverable hydrocarbon feedstocks.

The aim of the invention is to increase economic efficiency, environmental cleanliness and safety of work during the development and development (exploitation) of oil and gas fields in difficult mining and geological conditions of occurrence of productive formations, in a wide range of changes in the properties of reservoir rocks in terms of permeability, oil and gas saturation, thickness, degree of maturity »Reservoir fluids, regional features, status and history of field development and exploitation. The technical result of the invention is the possibility of intensifying the development of oil and gas fields, increasing the completeness of extraction (production) of hydrocarbons (increasing oil recovery factor) and increasing the degree and effectiveness of its use.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the mine-well gas-turbine-atomic oil and gas complex (plant), which includes mine shafts for opening the oil and gas bearing deposits, underground mining and development workings of mining and production well blocks drilled from the surface or from underground mining workings from production wells horizontal sections conducted in the reservoir, a system of injection-stimulating wells drilled from underground mining and development workings , a gas turbine power plant and a complex oil and gas treatment unit installed on the day surface of the complex, a nuclear power plant located in the mine’s near-barrel yard, production work on the downhole production of hard-to-recover oil with combined use of miscible and piston displacement of hydrocarbon fluids from a carbon dioxide deposit and heat treatment reservoir, high-temperature exhaust channel of a gas turbine of a gas turbine power plant Through a waste heat boiler and a carbon dioxide compression-liquefaction device, the trunk pipe is connected directly to the mouths of injection-stimulating wells or directly through one of the inputs of the switching and injection unit of the working fluid — carbon dioxide or coolant — into the oil and gas bearing layer, and the other inlet located in the near-shaft courtyard of the installation shaft switching and pumping the working fluid with a thermally insulated pipeline is connected to the atomic reactor of a nuclear power plant, and installed in the discharge In mulling wells, tubular heat exchangers are connected by pipelines to the circulation circuit for the thermal energy of a nuclear reactor of a nuclear power plant, while electric well heaters or electromagnetic loops of induction heating placed in injection-stimulating wells are fed with redundancy from a surface gas turbine power station and from a turbomachine energy converter of an underground nuclear power plant.

The invention is illustrated and illustrated by the illustrations shown in FIG. 1-5. In FIG. Figure 1 shows the basic - the simplest version of the implementation (implementation) of mine-borehole (underground) gas-turbine-atomic oil and gas production complexes (PGTA-NGDK) intended for re-development - reconstruction (reengineering) of the development of traditional relatively small oil and gas fields located at the late and final stages of operation. In FIG. 1 digital positions depict (show): 1 - oil and gas bearing reservoir (reservoir); 2 ₁ - the main shaft of the shaft (auxiliary - ventilation shaft of the shaft conventionally not shown in the diagram); 3 - near-barrel yard; 4 - capital mining and preparatory (underground rifled) development - rifled drift; 5 - turbine of a gas turbine power plant (gas turbine); 6 - channel high-temperature exhaust gas turbine; 7 - waste heat boiler; 8 - installation of compression-liquefaction of carbon dioxide; 9 - installation of gas preparation of fuel gas of a gas turbine; 10 - installation of a comprehensive preparation of crude oil and gas; 11 - outlet pipeline of commercial oil or gas; 12 - gas pipeline of associated petroleum (crude) gas; 13 ₁ - nuclear reactor of a nuclear power plant (nuclear power plant - nuclear power plant); 13 ₂ - turbomachine power conversion unit of nuclear power plants; 14 - thermally insulated pipeline; 15 - installation of switching (switching) and injection of the working stimulating-displacing agent (working fluid) into the oil and gas bearing formation; 16 - a trunk pipeline for supplying compressed or liquefied carbon dioxide (compressed or liquefied dioxide); 17 - commutated pipeline around the barrel; 17 ₁ - distribution drift pipeline; 18 ₁ -18 _n - underground injection-stimulating wells of the extraction column; 19 ₁ -19 _n - shut-off and control valves of the mouths of underground wells; 20 - vertical wellbore (section) of an existing oil and gas (production or injection) well; 21 - horizontal production well in the oil and gas bearing formation; 22 - surface (at the mouth of the production well) sucker rod pumping unit; 23 is a pipeline of a field prefabricated collector.

In FIG. 2 is a diagram of the implementation of the proposed underground (well) oil and gas complex, where positions 1-23 are one-to-one and respectively depict the same objects as in figures 1 and 2. Additionally, here are shown: 16 ₂ - underground drift distribution pipe to the injection stimulating wells of compressed or liquefied carbon dioxide, or another stimulating-displacing working fluid (agent); 17 ₁ - drift distribution pipe for supplying coolant to heat exchangers of injection-stimulating wells; 17 ₂ - drift assembly pipe of the coolant from the heat exchangers of injection-stimulating wells; 17 ₃ - near-barrel return pipe of the coolant; 24 ₁ -24 _n-1 - external pipelines of downhole heat exchangers; 25 ₁ -25 _n-1 - internal pipelines of downhole heat exchangers.

In FIG. 3 one-to-one and accordingly depicts all the same objects as in FIG. 1-3. Positions 4 ₁ -4 ₂ show the underground mining workings (drifts), contouring the extraction and production pillar, and positions 26 ₁ -26 _n show through heat exchanging pipelines passing through the drifts between the drifts.

In FIG. 4 one-to-one and accordingly depicts all the same objects as in FIG. 1-5, as well as the following objects: 27 - underground pump rod installation of a production well 20; 28 - drift pipeline production well; 29 - underground intermediate storage installation with a high-pressure mine oil pump; 30 - trunk pipeline for the issuance of extracted products; 31 - land pipeline.

In FIG. Figure 5 shows a scheme for developing and developing fields with the proposed oil and gas producing complexes - combines with a centrally doubled scheme of opening, preparation and ventilation. Symbols are given directly in FIG. 5.

The implementation (implementation) and operation of the proposed mine-borehole (underground) gas turbine-atomic oil and gas production complex (plant) - PGTA NGDK - are explained below by examples 1-4.

Example 1. Let there be a relatively small oil and gas field, which is already at the final stage of development (exploitation) for the extraction of traditional reserves, the further exploitation of which with the help of the infrastructure existing in the oil field becomes impractical for economic reasons. Moreover, as you know, a significant proportion of hydrocarbons is not recoverable by existing methods and equipment due to high water cut, high viscosity, low drainage, the presence of “jammed”, highly “bound” and unripened oil, retrograde condensation phenomena (during exploitation of gas fields) and many other complicating factors. The proposed mine-well gas-turbine-atomic oil and gas production complex (PGTA NGDK) in this case can be implemented according to the scheme shown in FIG. 1, and is performed as follows. Approximately in the center of the area to be "re-developed" (reengineered) and developed in the oil and gas field, a sort of secondary opening of the productive reservoir 1 with vertical shaft shafts - the main shaft shaft 2 ₁ and the auxiliary shaft (ventilation shaft 2 ₂ - not shown conventionally in Fig. 1) is performed . At the depth of the required mine opening horizon (determined by a number of geotechnical and economic factors of the given field), a near-barrel yard 3 is being constructed, and a major mining and preparatory (underground rifled) mine is being built (under construction) - a rifled drift 4, passing over productive layer 1 and having a length of several hundred meters to several kilometers. At the same time, rifled excavation 4 is built in the roof of a productive reservoir (reservoir) 1, i.e. it passes through the so-called field image and can be located above the productive reservoir 1, starting from several tens and even several hundreds or even one and a half to two thousand meters. This value depends on the depth of the productive deposit 1, the accepted size of the mine opening horizon, the equipment used for drilling wells from underground mining, and a number of other factors. In addition to all traditional systems and equipment (lifting, ventilation, drainage, etc.), a gas turbine power station with a gas turbine 5, the high-temperature exhaust channel 6 of which is connected to the recovery boiler 7, is installed on the day surface of the complex, in the surface complex of the mine under construction. the surface complex also accommodates a carbon dioxide compression-liquefaction unit 8, which is connected to the outlet (exhaust) of the recovery boiler 7. Here, a gas-treatment unit for fuel gas 9 is also located a gas turbine 5, associated with the installation of a comprehensive preparation of crude oil and gas 10, which has an outlet pipeline of salable oil or gas 11 and is connected by a gas pipeline of associated petroleum or raw gas 12 to the installation 9. Underground in a near-barrel yard 3 (in a specially equipped chamber ) an underground nuclear power plant (nuclear power plant - nuclear power plant) is located, including a nuclear power reactor 13 ₁ and a turbomachine energy conversion unit 13 ₂ . The energy reactor 13 _{1 with a} thermally insulated pipeline 14 is connected to one of the two inputs of the installation 15 installed in the near-barrel yard for switching (switching) and forcing the working stimulating-displacing agent (working fluid) into the oil and gas bearing formation 1. The other input of the installation 15 by the trunk pipeline 16 is connected to the installation compression-liquefaction of carbon dioxide 8, and a thermally insulated pipeline 17 is connected to the output of the installation 15. Then, from the underground preparatory mine 4 across (power) productive asta 1 is drilled at intervals of several tens of meters injection system-stimulating well 18 ₁ -18 _n, which are settling and isolated by the packers are provided with internal ducts, etc. On the mouths of these underground wells, shut-off and control valves 19 ₁ -19 _n are installed, through which the wells 18 ₁ -18 _{n are} distributed by the distribution drift pipe 17 ₁ and the pipeline are connected to the output of the installation of switching (switching) and injection of the working stimulating-displacing agent (working fluid) 15. Next, in at least one of the surface (drilled from the surface) wells 20 existing in the oil field 20, a horizontal section (trunk) (horizontal well) 21, which together form t new more efficient production well. If necessary, a new, more productive tubing 22 is installed at the mouth of this producing well, which is included, as before, in the system of existing oil and gas gathering pipelines 23, which are connected to the complex crude oil and gas preparation unit 10.

The description of the proposed PGTA NGDK is as follows. After completion of all construction and installation works in the mine shaft 2 ₁ and commissioning of the equipment of the surface of the complex, underground equipment installed in the near-barrel yard 3, as well as the arrangement of the injection-stimulating system and at least one production well 20-21 in the extraction a gas turbine power station on the surface and a nuclear power plant of a nuclear power plant (13 ₁ -13 ₂ ) are put into operation on a production column. Moreover, depending on the characteristics of the field being developed, the supply of stimulating-displacing working agent to the wells 18 ₁ -18 _n starts from a gas turbine power station or from a nuclear power plant (NPP) 13 ₁ -13 ₂ placed in a special chamber of a near-barrel (underground) yard 3 In particular, if, for example, a heavily flooded oil field is to be re-extracted (secondary), then the initial alternate delivery to the extraction-and-production column (into wells 18 ₁ -18 _n ) in a given sequence of compressed or liquefied carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which is known to be the most effective displacing working fluid (agent) that improves oil recovery of an oil reservoir. For this, the high-temperature exhaust of the gas turbine 5 is fed through the channel 6 to the recovery boiler 7. The water vapor generated in the recovery boiler 6 is used for the auxiliary needs of the surface part of the complex, and the exhaust gases (carbon dioxide) from the recovery boiler 7 go further to installation 8 performing the compression or liquefaction of carbon dioxide CO ₂ required at the given moment of the complex’s operation. The fuel gas to the gas turbine 5 comes from the fuel gas treatment unit 9, connected to the existing complex oil or gas treatment unit 10, which has an outlet pipe 11 for delivering marketable oil or gas to main pipelines or other external consumers, and a pipe 12 through which Fitting 10 with associated gas or crude gas enters the gas turbine power system 5. Nuclear power plant January ₁₃ -13 ₂ thus runs in its normal mode and generates mainly e ektricheskuyu energy for their own needs and complex external power consumer, a thermally insulated conduit 14 connecting the plants with one of the inputs to switch 15 setting (switching) and injected into the displacement agent layer remains overlapped. When this compressed and / or liquefied carbon dioxide from the installation 8 in a predetermined time sequence through the trunk pipe 16 enters the installation 15 and then through the pipe 17 and the distribution drift pipeline 17 ₁ is fed into the injection-stimulating underground (wells drilled from underground mining ) wells 18 ₁ -18 _n . With the help of shut-off and control valves 19 ₁ -19 _n installed on the mouths of the wells 18 ₁ -18 _n , one or another algorithm for supplying and injecting carbon dioxide is implemented, which provides the most complete and efficient mixing and piston displacement of hydrocarbon compounds (oil and gas) from the reservoir to the producing well 20 (or a combination thereof) having a horizontal section (trunk) 21 drilled additionally in the productive formation 1. As a result of the miscible and piston displacement provided by carbon dioxide to the formation, the movement of hydrocarbons to the producing well and their lifting (production) to the surface, for example, using a sucker rod pump or some other compressor equipment 22 installed (available) at the mouth of the producing well 20 and included by the pipeline 23 in the oil and gas collection network of the production pipelines . During repeated (secondary) development of an oil field not only with a highly flooded, but with an increased viscosity of oil, exposure to reservoir 1 only with carbon dioxide may not be sufficient to provide (to achieve) the required amount and intensity of oil and gas recovery and additional processing may be required formation by other methods of impact and enhanced oil recovery. In the proposed complex, this is as follows. After some “flushing” (separation) of the formation 1 with carbon dioxide, as just described, the installation 15 is disconnected from the trunk pipeline 16 and switches to the opening pipeline 14, resulting in hot water or water vapor of certain parameters generated in nuclear power reactor January _13, fed via conduits 17 and 17, borehole ₁ January ₁₈ -18 _n and proceed in the oil and gas reservoir 1. As a result, there is a further increase "flowability" (motility) of hydrocarbons in the formation and x displacement to the producing well 20. Alternately processing the reservoir 1 with carbon dioxide from a gas turbine power plant installed on the day surface of the complex, then heat treatment of the reservoir from a nuclear power plant (NPP) located in underground conditions, achieve the required, for example, under the conditions profitability, completeness and intensity of the secondary (re) mining of the field.

Example 2. Let the oil and gas field with a significantly greater thickness (thickness) of the reservoir, amounting to several tens or even hundreds of meters, and with a significantly higher viscosity of oil in the reservoir, be subject to secondary (re) mining. The proposed oil and gas production complex is carried out in this case according to the scheme shown in FIG. 2. The opening and preparation of the field for secondary development is carried out in the same way as in the previous example 1. However, due to the significantly greater capacity of the productive formation 1 (Fig. 2 shows the frontal section of the formation — the section according to the thickness of the formation) injection-stimulating wells 18 ₁ -18 _n are drilled from underground rifled excavation 4 not along the formation (not along its strike or fall), but according to the thickness of the formation. In addition, the wells 18 ₁ -18 _n in place (at the site of their passage in the formation) are equipped - fixed with perforated casing pipes, and also equipped with pipe-in-pipe heat exchangers 24 ₁ -25 ₁ ... 24 _n-1 - 25 _{n- 1} . The heat exchangers in the casing of the wells 18 ₁ -18 _{n are} installed with a given clearance in diameter and connected at the mouths in the threaded hole 4 as follows. The gaps between the casing pipes and the outer tubes of the heat exchangers are connected by pipelines 16 ₁ to the trunk pipe for supplying carbon dioxide 16. The gaps between the outer and inner pipelines of the heat exchangers through pipelines 17 and 17 _{1 are} connected to the output of the thermal energy circulating circuit of the atomic reactor 13 _{1 of the} nuclear power plant ( NPP), and the inner pipes of the downhole heat exchangers at the mouths are connected by a pipe 17 ₂ and then connected by a pipe 17 ₃ to the input of the circulation circuit nuclear reactor 13 ₁ . In addition, the horizontal trunk (section) 21 of the producing well 20 in this case is drilled (built) in the lower part - closer to the soil of the reservoir of the productive formation 1. After all construction and commissioning works, as in Example 1, all the technological complex equipment. However, in this case, the treatment of the productive formation 1 is carried out simultaneously using liquefied and / or compressed carbon dioxide injected into the formation through the gaps between the casing pipes and the outer pipes of the heat exchangers of the wells 18 ₁ -18 _n-1 and the supply of thermal energy to the formation (into the wells) generated by the atomic reactor 13 ₁ , using downhole heat exchangers 24 ₁ -24 _n-1 ... 25 ₁ -25 _n-1 included in the circulation loop of the atomic reactor 13 _{1 by} pipelines 17-17 ₁ -17 ₂ -17 ₃ . Otherwise, the performance and operation of the proposed energy technology complex is the same as described in example 1.

Example 3. Let a relatively small oil field with a shallow (up to several hundred meters) underlying productive layer and with a thickness of up to 10-20 meters be required for mine-well development and re-development (exploitation), as well as in Example 1, but requiring, like in example 2, simultaneously carbon dioxide and heat treatment of the formation with a displacing working fluid and supply - “injection” of thermal energy into the formation from an external source of thermal energy. In this case, in order to maximally simplify the construction and arrangement of the injection-stimulating system of wells and at the same time ensure the need for high productivity (production capacity), the proposed complex can be implemented according to the scheme shown in FIG. 3. In this case, a mining and extraction pillar (block) is cut (outlined) by two rifled underground workings 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ , which are carried out (pass) at a distance of about 500-600 meters from each other and for a length of 1-3 km. Then, injection-stimulating wells are drilled from one working hole to another along the formation, which, as in the previous examples, are fixed with perforated casing pipes and 26 ₁ -26 _n heat exchange pipes passing through (from) one working hole to another and connected by pipelines 17-17 ₁ -26 ₁ ... 26 _n -17 ₂ -17 ₃ to the circulation circuit connected to the atomic energy reactor 13 ₁ . In this case, the gaps between the casing pipes and the heat transfer pipes 26 ₁ ... 26 _{n of} all the wells in one of the workings, in this case, in the workout 4 ₁ , are interconnected by pipelines 16 ₂ and connected by a pipe 16 ₁ with a stem pipe 16 for supplying compressed or liquefied carbon dioxide. The work of the proposed oil and gas complex in this case remains generally the same as in examples 1 and 2.

Example 4. The implementation and operation of the proposed oil and gas production complex during the development and operation of a new oil and gas field while ensuring the requirements for maximum reduction of environmental impact on the day surface, which may have in a number of inhabited and densely populated regions, for example, is carried out according to the scheme shown in FIG. 4. As shown in this figure, in this case, the day surface of the oil and gas complex will contain (include) only a relatively small area of the traditional surface complex of the mine and the gas turbine power plant located in it and the unit for preparing the produced products for the wells (oil and gas) 10. At the same time, the producing well 20 with a horizontal wellbore (section) 21 is also drilled from underground mining 4 (like all injection-stimulating wells 18 ₁ -18 _n ). At the wellhead of a producing well, a unit for lifting (producing) oil is also installed in a bore 4, for example, a sucker rod pumping unit 27, which is connected by a pipe 28 to an underground intermediate storage tank 29 with high-pressure mine oil pumps. The installation 29 is connected to the trunk pipeline 30 for the delivery of extracted products from the mine and then the pipeline 31 is connected with the installation of oil and gas 10 on the day surface of the oil and gas complex. The work of the proposed energy technology complex otherwise remains the same as described in example 1.

In the proposed oil and gas production complex, much more effectively can be used almost all known and developed today in traditional borehole oil and gas production (by drilling oil and gas wells from the earth's surface) methods and devices for increasing oil and gas recovery due to the fact that the construction (drilling) and construction of injection-stimulating wells 18 ₁ -18 _n drainage system in the reservoir is carried out from underground mining and development workings as close as possible (in depth) to the productive lie and practically in no way has a negative harmful interference and environmental impact on the entire surface area of the field being worked out. Depending on the characteristics and properties of a particular oil and gas field, using the proposed gas turbine-atomic oil and gas production complex, the following combination of the most effective and promising methods and working fluids for treating productive formations and oil and gas deposits can be used simultaneously or in a given time sequence (in any desired combination) : injection into the reservoir of carbon dioxide produced (generated) by a gas turbine power plant at a daily the surface of the complex by heat treatment of the reservoir by supplying (injecting) a coolant in the form of hot water or high-temperature water vapor from an underground nuclear power plant installed in a near-barrel yard and therefore as close as possible to the reservoir, which is very important when supplying thermal energy to the reservoir from external source, as well as by generating thermal energy inside the deposit itself (in-situ) using borehole electrical and / or electromagnetic (induction) on heaters and loops that are installed in the injection-stimulating wells 18 ₁ -18 _n and which are powered by electric energy generated by the gas turbine and nuclear power plants of the complex.

In general, an important advantage of the proposed well-gas-turbine-atomic oil and gas production complex is also the possibility of its transformation (reconstruction or reengineering) during the re-development and operation of large enough traditional oil and gas fields into a full-fledged oil and gas production and processing complex (vertically integrated oil and gas plant) by reconstructing the oil treatment installation and 10 gas to a block-modular oil and gas refinery (NGPZ), I provide which involves the integrated use of produced hydrocarbons and the production (production) of the required range of oil and gas products directly at the oil and gas field (in the field itself). It is equally important that the residual (“liquidation”) value created during the entire life cycle of such a complex (plant) will remain at a fairly high level, because after the complete extraction of all reserves and hydrocarbon resources at a specific field, the proposed complex can operate and be effectively used as a conventional nuclear underground thermoelectric station with a service life significantly exceeding the life cycle of traditional oil and gas fields.

One of the most suitable schemes for mine-well technology for the development and development (operation) of large oil and gas fields using the proposed gas turbine-atomic complex is shown in FIG. 5 and is widely known and practiced in the mining industry. A mine field, covering an area of several hundred square kilometers, is opened by centrally dual shaft shafts 2 ₁ and 2 ₂ , and mining of the mine field is carried out by long mining and extraction pillars from the boundaries of the mine field to the center, as shown in FIG. 5. With increased requirements for the operation of the complex from the position of ventilation (ventilation) and general safety of work, other schemes for opening and preparing the mine field and ventilation (centrally assigned, block, etc.) can also be applied, which also found a fairly wide practical mining application.

Used sources

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Claims (1)

Mine-gas-turbine-atomic oil and gas complex (plant), including mine shafts for opening oil and gas deposits, underground mining and development workings of mining and production well blocks, production wells drilled from the surface or underground mining workings with horizontal wells conducted in the productive formation sections, a system of injection-stimulating wells drilled from underground mining and development workings, a gas turbine power station and a complex oil and gas preparation installed on the day surface of the complex, a nuclear power plant located in the mine’s near-barrel yard, production work on downhole production of hard-to-recover oil with combined use of miscible and piston displacement of hydrocarbon fluids from a carbon dioxide reservoir and heat treatment of a reservoir, that the channel of the high-temperature exhaust of a gas turbine of a gas turbine power plant through a waste heat boiler p and a carbon dioxide compression-liquefaction device via a trunk pipeline is connected directly to the mouths of injection-stimulating wells directly or through one of the inputs of the switching and injection unit of the working fluid - carbon dioxide or coolant into the oil and gas reservoir, and the other input of the switching and injection installation shaft located in the near-barrel yard the working fluid with a thermally insulated pipeline is connected to the atomic reactor of a nuclear power plant, and installed in an injection-stimulating well Tubular heat exchangers are incorporated in the circulation loop piping thermal energy issuing nuclear reactor nuclear power plant, and placed in an injection-stimulating wells downhole electrical heater or electromagnetic induction heating cables are powered from redundant superficial gas turbine power and the power converter from turbomachinery underground nuclear power installation.

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