RU2638437C1 - Device for evaluation of individual's time of response to moving object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises two rigidly fixed stands and metal guides fixed thereto with a chute configured to have a target mark fixed on it and connected to the first position sensor. The device comprises a ball configured to roll down the chute at an angle of 5° and go through the fixed target mark. The position sensor is configured to generate a signal when the ball marks the target. The device contains a "Stop" button to fix the time of quickness of the visual and motor reaction of the subject pressing the specified button while observing the ball passing the target mark. The second position sensor, a subject panel, three monosters, four RS triggers, an exclusive OR element, three OR elements, three AND elements, a 1 kHz frequency oscillator, two binary counters, a comparison circuit, a register, a decoder and an indicating unit are added to the device. The "Stop" button is located in the subject panel.

EFFECT: device allows to measure both the delay time and the time of anticipation of the subject reaction and thereby increase the reliability of the evaluation of the response to a moving object.

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Description

The device relates to medical equipment and is intended to estimate the response time of a person to a moving object.

One of the methods for increasing the reliability and effectiveness of a person’s professional activity is the diagnosis and prediction of his functional state. A simple and fairly accurate psychophysiological indicator of a functional state is the reaction time to a moving object [1].

A device for psychological research, containing a clock generator, the first output of which is connected to the first inputs of the first and second elements And, the first counter, the first display unit, the first trigger and the switch unit, characterized in that it introduced the first decoder, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first counter, and the outputs with the inputs of the first display unit, connected in series to the second counter, second decoder, second display unit, second, third, fourth, fifth triggers, third and fourth b indication locks, switch, third AND element, code converter and first, second indicators, C-inputs of the first and second counters are connected to the outputs of the first and second I elements, and R-inputs are combined with R-inputs of the third counter, the first, second, third fourth and fifth triggers and are connected to one of the outputs of the switch block, the other two outputs of which are connected to the S-inputs of the first and second triggers, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the code converter, the third input of which is connected to by the third trigger, the C-input of which is connected to the first output of the switch, the second output of which is connected to the input of the fourth display unit, and the input of the switch is connected to the output of the second decoder, the D-input of the third trigger is connected to the positive potential bus, the first and second outputs of the code converter connected to the S-inputs of the fourth and fifth triggers, the outputs of which are connected to indicators, the third output of the code converter is connected to the first input of the third element And, the output of which is connected to the C-input of the third a sensor, the output of which is connected to the input of the third display unit, the second input of the third element And is connected to the second output of the generator, the fourth and fifth outputs of the code converter are connected respectively to the second inputs of the first and second elements I. The device measures the response time to a moving object with a lead indication or delayed response of the test subject [2].

A device for determining the level of psychophysiological development, containing a light signal source for recording the reaction time to a moving object and to determine the accuracy of control of arbitrary movements of the studied object, characterized in that it contains an electronic unit with buttons for controlling the speed and light signal to the indicator bar, equipped uniformly distributed LEDs, a time counter and a spring-loaded plate, under which there is a microswitch connected to an electric the throne block [3].

The disadvantage of the device is the low accuracy of measuring the reaction time to a moving object, due to the limited number of LEDs.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is a device for assessing the speed of the visual-motor reaction, consisting of two rigidly mounted racks and metal guides fixed to them with a groove made with the possibility of fixing on it a target mark connected to a position sensor, a ball made with the ability to roll along the gutter at an angle of 5 ° and pass through a fixed target mark, and the position sensor is configured to start the electric stopwatch in m The moment the ball passes the target mark, while the electric stopwatch is mounted in the control panel and is equipped with a button to stop it, designed to fix the time of the speed of the visual-motor reaction by pressing the test button on the specified button when observing the passage of the target mark ball. The device measures the visual-motor reaction of a person to a moving object and allows you to reliably and accurately evaluate it with various types of vision [4].

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of registration of premature lead reactions.

The technical result of the proposed device is to expand the functionality by measuring the lead time of the lead.

The technical result is achieved in that the device consisting of two rigidly mounted racks and metal guides fixed to them with a groove configured to fix a target mark connected to the first position sensor on it, a ball made to roll along the groove at an angle of 5 ° and pass through a fixed target mark, the position sensor is configured to generate a signal at the moment the ball passes the target mark; the “Stop” button, designed to fix the time of the speed of the visual-motor reaction by pressing the test button on the specified button while observing the ball passing the target mark, the new one being that the second position sensor, the test panel, the first and third one-shots, the first fourth RS-flip-flops, exclusive OR element, first-third OR elements, first-third AND elements, 1 kHz frequency generator, first-second binary counters, comparison circuit, register, decoder and display unit, with the “C” button op ”, is located in the test panel, the output of the Stop button is connected to the S-input of the first RS-trigger and to the input of the second one-shot, the output of the first position sensor is connected to the S-input of the second RS-trigger and to the input of the first one-shot, the output of the second sensor the position is connected to the input of the third one-shot and to the fourth input of the register; the direct outputs of the first and second RS flip-flops are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements AND, the second input of the first element And is connected to the inverse output of the second RS-flip-flop, and the output is connected to the S-input of the third RS-flip-flop, the second input of the second AND element connected to the inverse output of the first RS-trigger, and the output to the S-input of the fourth RS-trigger, the outputs of the third and fourth RS-triggers are connected respectively to the second and first inputs of the register; the outputs of the first and second one-shots are connected to the inputs of the exclusive OR element, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the first counter, the R-input of which is connected to the output of the first OR element, the first output to the second input of the third AND element, the second output to the first input of the first element OR; the first input of the third AND element is connected to the output of the generator, and the output is connected to the counting input of the second counter, the R-input of which is connected to the output of the second OR element, and the outputs are connected to the third inputs of the register and to the first inputs of the comparison circuit, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the third an OR element, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the first and second OR elements; the output of the third one-shot is connected to the first input of the second OR element and the R-inputs of the first to fourth RS-flip-flops, the first and second outputs of the register are connected respectively by the first and second inputs of the display unit, the third outputs are connected to the inputs of the decoder, the outputs of which are connected to the third inputs of the display unit .

The inventive device due to the introduction of a second position sensor, the remote control of the test, three single-vibrators, four RS-flip-flops, an exclusive element OR, three elements OR, three elements AND, a 1 kHz frequency generator, two binary counters, a comparison circuit, a register, a decoder and an indication unit measure both the lag time and the lead time of the test person’s reaction.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the mechanical part of the device, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electrical part of the device, in FIG. 3-6 are timing charts of his work.

The inventive device is placed on the table and contains two rigidly mounted racks 1 with metal guides fixed to them with a groove 2 and fixing corners-clamps 6 at both ends; metal ball 3, target mark 4, first-second induction position sensors 5 and 7, test panel 8 with Stop button 9, first and third one-shots 10, 11 and 21, first and fourth RS triggers 12, 13, 22 and 23, the element exclusive OR 14, the first-third elements OR 15, 25 and 27, the first-third elements AND 16, 17 and 20, the generator 18 frequency 1 kHz, the first and second binary counters 19 and 24, the comparison circuit 26, register 28, a decoder 29 and an indication unit 30.

The second induction position sensor 7 is placed at such a distance from the first induction position sensor 5 that the metal ball 3 passes the distance between them for a time greater than the maximum permissible delayed response of the test, taken equal to 300 ms.

The first and second single vibrators 10-11 are designed to form a short pulse along the front of the incoming signal and can be performed on an AG1 type microcircuit.

The third one-shot 21 is designed to generate a short pulse by cutting the incoming signal and can be performed on an AG1 type microcircuit.

The first counter 19 is a two-bit binary counter, the second counter 24 is a multi-bit binary counter.

The decoder 29 is designed to convert a parallel binary code into the code necessary for the reaction time indicators of the display unit 30.

The display unit 30 is designed to display test results and contains, in addition to indicators of the reaction time, indicators of a delayed or preemptive reaction of the test person.

The remaining nodes and elements of the device correspond to the prototype or are well known.

The device operates as follows. When the power is turned on, the RS-flip-flops 12, 13, 22 and 23, the binary counters 19 and 24 and the register 28 are reset (the circuits are not shown), the generator 18 generates a pulse sequence with a frequency of 1 kHz at the output, and binary digital is fed to the second inputs of the comparison circuit 21 code corresponding to a time of 300 ms.

The test subject is in front of the table on which the device is located. A metal ball 3 with a diameter of 2.5 cm rolls freely along the chute 2 at an angle of 5 degrees.

If the test’s response is delayed when the ball 3 passes by the target mark 4, the induction position sensor 5 first generates an electrical signal (Fig. 3a), which is fed to the S-input of the RS-trigger 13. At the direct output of the RS-trigger 13, the logic unit level is set, which passes through the element And 17 working in the gate mode, since at the second input of the element And 17 the level of the logical unit from the inverse output of the RS-trigger 12. The signal of the logical unit from the output of the element And 17 goes to the S-input of the RS-trigger 23 and sets on his direct in the output level of the logical unit (Fig. 3B), which is fed to the first input of the register 28.

At the same time, the signal from the output of the position sensor 5 is fed to the input of a single-shot 10, which forms a short pulse along the signal edge (Fig. 3c). The pulse from the output of the one-shot 10 through the exclusive element OR 14 is fed to the counting input of the counter 19 (Fig. 3E). At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a logical unit level is formed (Fig. 3g), which opens the And 20 element operating in the gate mode. The frequency from the output of the generator 18 through the open element And 20 is fed to the counting input of the counter 24.

The test subject observes the ball 3 moving along the guides with the chute 2 forward and down, and presses the Stop button 9 of the remote control 8 at the moment the position of the moving ball 3 coincides with the target mark 4. The electrical signal from the output of the Stop button 9 (Fig. 3d ) arrives at the S-input of the RS-flip-flop 12. At the direct output of the RS-flip-flop 12, the level of the logical unit is set, which does not pass through the And 16 element, operating in the gate mode, since the second input of the And 16 element is the logical zero level from the inverse RS trigger output 13.

At the same time, the signal from the output of the Stop button 9 is fed to the input of a single-shot 11, which forms a short pulse along the signal edge (Fig. 3d). The pulse from the output of the one-shot 11 through the exclusive element OR 14 is fed to the counting input of the counter 19 (Fig. 3E). At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a level of logical zero is formed (Fig. 3g), and at the output of the highest bit, the level of a logical unit. The signal from the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19 closes the And element 20, at the outputs of the counter 24 a binary code is stored corresponding to the time delay of the reaction of the test person in ms. The signal from the output of the high order of the counter 19 through the OR element 15 is fed to the R-input of the counter 19, the counter 19 is reset.

A metal ball 3 rolls further along the trough 2 and passes by an induction position sensor 7, which generates an electrical signal (Fig. 3h). A signal about the delayed response from the output of the RS flip-flop 23 and a code from the output of the counter 24 are recorded along the signal front into the register 28. The signal about the delayed response is sent to the delayed response indicator of the indication unit 30, the code corresponding to the delayed response time of the test person is transmitted through the decoder 29 to indicators of the reaction time of the indicating unit 30. By cutting the signal from the position sensor 7, the one-shot 21 generates a short pulse (Fig. 3i), which through the OR element 25 is fed to the R-input of the counter 24, the counter 24 is reset. At the same time, the pulse from the output of the one-shot 21 enters the R-inputs of the RS-flip-flops 12, 13 and 23 and resets them.

When the subject’s anticipatory reaction, the signal from the output of the Stop button 9 is first generated (Fig. 3a), which is fed to the S-input of the RS-flip-flop 12. At the direct output of the RS-flip-flop 12, the level of the logical unit is set, which passes through the And 16 element, operating in the gate mode, since the second input of the And 16 element is the level of the logical unit from the inverse output of the RS flip-flop 13. The signal of the logical unit from the output of the And 16 element goes to the S-input of the RS-flip-flop 22 and sets the logic level on its direct output units (Fig. 36), which arrives at and the second input of the register is 28.

At the same time, the signal from the output of the Stop button 9 is fed to the input of a single-shot 11, which forms a short pulse along the signal edge (Fig. 3c). The pulse from the output of the one-shot 11 through the exclusive element OR 14 is fed to the counting input of the counter 19 (Fig. 3E). At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a logical unit level is formed (Fig. 3g), which opens the And 20 element operating in the gate mode. The frequency from the output of the generator 18 through the open element And 20 is fed to the counting input of the counter 24.

Next, the metal ball 3 passes by an induction position sensor 5, which generates an electrical signal (Fig. 3d), which is fed to the S-input of the RS-flip-flop 13. At the direct output of the RS-flip-flop 13, a level of a logical unit is established that does not pass through the And 17 element operating in the gate mode, since the second input of the And 17 element is the logic zero level from the inverse output of the RS flip-flop 12.

At the same time, the signal from the output of the position sensor 5 is fed to the input of a single-shot 10, which forms a short pulse along the signal edge (Fig. 3d). The pulse from the output of the one-shot 10 through the exclusive element OR 14 is fed to the counting input of the counter 19 (Fig. 3E). At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a level of logical zero is formed (Fig. 3g), and at the output of the highest bit, the level of a logical unit. The signal from the low-order output of the counter 19 closes the And element 20, the binary code corresponding to the lead time of the test subject in ms is stored at the output of the counter 24. The signal from the output of the high order of the counter 19 through the OR element 15 is fed to the R-input of the counter 19, the counter 19 is reset.

A metal ball 3 rolls further along the trough 2 and passes by an induction position sensor 7, which generates an electrical signal (Fig. 3h). A signal of a pre-emptive response from the output of the RS-flip-flop 22 and a code from the output of the counter 24 are recorded along the signal front into the register 28. A signal of a pre-emptive reaction is sent to the pre-emptive response indicator of the display unit 30, the code corresponding to the lead time of the test person’s reaction is transmitted through the decoder 29 to indicators of the reaction time of the indicating unit 30. By cutting the signal from the position sensor 7, the one-shot 21 generates a short pulse (Fig. 3i), which through the OR element 25 is fed to the R-input of the counter 24, the counter 24 is reset. At the same time, the pulse from the output of the one-shot 21 enters the R-inputs of the RS-flip-flops 12, 13 and 22 and resets them.

With a small delayed or preemptive reaction of the test person, when the signals from the output of the position sensor 5 and the output of the Stop button 9 partially coincide (overlap) in time, the device operates in a similar way. Timing diagrams of the operation of the device are shown in FIG. four.

With a slight delayed or anticipatory reaction of the test person, when the time shift relative to each other of the signals from the output of the position sensor 5 (Fig. 5a) and from the output of the Stop button 9 (Fig. 56) is equal to the duration of the pulses generated by the single-vibrator 10 (Fig. 5c) or 11 (Fig. 5d), an exclusive OR 14 signal is generated at the output of the element, the duration of which is equal to the sum of the durations of the pulses from the output of the one-shots 10 and 11 (Fig. 5d).

With any reaction of the testee, the signal from the element’s output exclusive OR 14 is fed to the counting input of the counter 19. At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a logical unit level is formed (Fig. 5e), which opens the And 20 element operating in the valve mode. The frequency from the output of the generator 18 through the open element And 20 is fed to the counting input of the counter 24. The binary code from the outputs of the counter 24 is fed to the first inputs of the comparison circuit 26, which, when the value of the binary code is equal to or greater than 300 ms, generates “equal to” or "Greater" level of a logical unit (Fig. 5i). The signal from the output of the comparison circuit 26 sequentially through the OR elements 27 and 25 is fed to the R-input of the counter 24 and sequentially through the OR elements 27 and 15 to the R-input of the counter 19, which are reset. At the output of the least significant bit of the counter 19, a logic zero level is formed (Fig. 5e), which closes the And element 20. At the outputs of the comparison circuit 26, it is “equal” or “greater” and the logical zero level is set at the output of the element 27 (Fig. 5i). When a signal is received from the position sensor 7 (Fig. 5g) along its edge, a zero code is written to the register 28 from the output of the counter 24, which, through the decoder 29, is fed to the reaction time indicators of the display unit 30, where the zero value of the test person’s reaction time is displayed.

With the exact reaction of the subject, when the signals from the output of the position sensor 5 (Fig. 6a) and from the output of the Stop button 9 (Fig. 6b) completely coincide in time, the RS-triggers 12 and 13 are simultaneously set to unity, however, at the outputs of the elements Both 16 and 17 maintain a logic zero level, since their second inputs receive a logic zero level from the inverse output of the corresponding RS trigger.

At the outputs of a single-vibrator 10 (Fig. 6c) and a single-vibrator 11 (Fig. 6d), pulses are generated at the same time, at the outputs of an exclusive OR 14 element and counter 19, logical zero levels are stored, element And 20 does not open. When a signal is received from the position sensor 7 (Fig. 6e) along its edge, a zero code is written to the register 28 from the output of the counter 24, which, through the decoder 29, is fed to the reaction time indicators of the display unit 30, where the zero value of the test person’s reaction time is displayed (exact reaction) . By cutting the signal from the position sensor 7, the one-shot 21 generates a short pulse (Fig. 6e), which is fed to the R-inputs of the RS-flip-flops 12, 13 and resets them.

Thus, the claimed device allows you to measure both the lag time and the lead time of the test person’s reaction and thereby increase the reliability of the assessment of the reaction to a moving object.

Information sources

1. Surnina O.E., Lebedeva E.V. Sex and age differences in reaction time to a moving object in children and adults // Human Physiology. 2001.V. 27. No. 4. S. 56-60.

2. Patent 2080091, IPC А61В 5/16, Russian Federation. A device for psychological research // Fromberg EM, Algazin A.B., Babikov V.P. - Publ. 05/27/1997.

3. Certificate for utility model 29649, IPC А61В 5/16, RF. A device for determining the level of psychophysiological development // Aganyants E.K., Perminova T.A. - Publ. 05/27/2003.

4. Patent 2467678, IPC АВВ 3/00, RF. A method for evaluating the speed of a visual-motor reaction and a simulator device for its implementation // Levashov OV, Pavlov SF - Publ. 11/27/2012.

5. Patent 2369326, IPC A61B 5/16, Russian Federation. A method for estimating the time of a person’s reaction to a moving object // Petukhov I.V. - Publ. 10/10/2009.

6. Patent 2400138, IPC A61 B5 / 16, RF. The method for determining the reaction time of a person to an object moving towards him // Petukhov I.V., Purtov A.V., Repin D.S. - Publ. 09/27/2010.

Claims (1)

A device for evaluating the reaction time of a person to a moving object, consisting of two rigidly mounted racks and metal guides fixed to them with a groove made with the possibility of fixing a target mark connected to the first position sensor on it, a ball made to roll along the groove at an angle at 5 ° and pass through a fixed target mark, the position sensor is configured to generate a signal at the moment the ball passes the target mark; “Stop” button, designed to fix the speed of the visual-motor reaction by pressing the test button on the specified button while observing the ball passing the target mark, characterized in that it also has a second position sensor, a test panel, the first and third one-shots, the first one fourth RS-flip-flops, exclusive OR element, first-third OR elements, first-third AND elements, 1 kHz frequency generator, first-second binary counters, comparison circuit, register, decoder and display unit, and the button "St p ”is located in the test console, the output of the“ Stop ”button is connected to the S-input of the first RS-trigger and to the input of the second one-shot, the output of the first position sensor is connected to the S-input of the second RS-trigger and to the input of the first one-shot, the output of the second position sensor connected to the input of the third one-shot and to the fourth input of the register; the direct outputs of the first and second RS flip-flops are connected respectively to the first inputs of the first and second elements AND, the second input of the first element And is connected to the inverse output of the second RS-flip-flop, and the output is connected to the S-input of the third RS-flip-flop, the second input of the second AND element connected to the inverse output of the first RS-trigger, and the output to the S-input of the fourth RS-trigger, the outputs of the third and fourth RS-triggers are connected respectively to the second and first inputs of the register; the outputs of the first and second one-shots are connected to the inputs of the exclusive OR element, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the first counter, the R-input of which is connected to the output of the first OR element, the first output to the second input of the third AND element, the second output to the first input of the first element OR; the first input of the third AND element is connected to the output of the generator, and the output is connected to the counting input of the second counter, the R-input of which is connected to the output of the second OR element, and the outputs are connected to the third inputs of the register and to the first inputs of the comparison circuit, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the third an OR element, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the first and second OR elements; the output of the third one-shot is connected to the first input of the second OR element and the R-inputs of the first to fourth RS-flip-flops, the first and second outputs of the register are connected respectively by the first and second inputs of the display unit, the third outputs are connected to the inputs of the decoder, the outputs of which are connected to the third inputs of the display unit .

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