RU2597419C1 - Method for producing product from glass - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of glass articles. Method for glass product manufacturing involves preparation of raw materials, composition of charge, boiling the glass mass, moulding articles and their further cooling. After moulding stage, composition is applied on surface of item containing organotin or titanium-organic compounds with single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCN), wherein SWCN content in the composition ranges from 0.005 % to 0.2 % of its total weight. At the stage of cooling, when the temperature of surface of glass articles reaches 80 °C, composition is applied over the surface containing colloidal polymer base with single-wall carbon nanotubes. SWCN content in the composition also ranges from 0.005 % to 0.2 % of its total weight.

EFFECT: high strength of glass articles.

1 cl

Description

The invention relates to the glass industry and can be used in the manufacture of various glass products, for example, bottles, sheet glass, as well as in the manufacture of ceramic products.

The classic method of manufacturing glass containers is the following sequence of technological operations:

- preparation of raw materials;

- preparation of the charge;

- glass melting;

- molding, annealing of products (see, for example, http://www.zavodstekla.ru/zatehpod.htm).

There are various methods of applying reinforcing coatings to the glass surface (see, for example, patents RU No: 2464243, IPC C03B27 / 02, C03C17 / 245, published October 20, 2012; 2529071, IPC C03C17 / 30, published September 27, 2014), in which coating is directly carried out on already finished products and is a separate technological process requiring appropriate equipment (production line).

Closest to the claimed is a method of hardening container glass during its production, according to which immediately after molding in the hot section ("hot end") of the production line, a coating is applied to the glass surface, for example, based on metal oxides or tin monobutyl trichloride, which increases the mechanical the strength of the glass containers, and at the exit from the lehr (“cold end”) a polymer-based coating is applied to the bottle, which makes its surface sliding, reducing the friction of the bottles against each other, This makes it possible to protect the surface of the bottles from scratches and abrasions during further work with them and damage during friction against each other during transportation (see, for example, Dineff D. Coatings for glass containers // Glass containers. - 2008. - No. 2. - C .12-13).

This method is built into the overall technological "chain" of the production of molded glass products, but does not provide high strength of the finished product.

The task of the invention is to improve the strength characteristics of glass products in the process of their production.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the strength of glass products in their manufacture (without organizing a separate technological process), which, in turn, can reduce the consumption of raw materials necessary for the manufacture of the product, without loss of strength characteristics of the latter.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of manufacturing glass products, which includes the following steps: preparation of raw materials, preparation of the mixture, melting of glass, molding of products and their subsequent cooling, after the molding step, a composition containing organotin or organotitanic compounds for glass hardening with single-walled carbon nanotubes (ONT), while the content of ONT in the composition is from 0.005% to 0.2% of its total mass, and at the cooling stage, upon reaching rhnostyu glassware temperature of 80 ° C, it is applied a composition comprising a polymer matrix with colloidal single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), while the content of SWNT in the composition is from 0.005% to 0.2% of its total weight.

The implementation of the proposed method (for example, in the manufacture of glass containers) is as follows:

1. At the preparation stage, various types of raw materials (cullet, charge components) are cleaned of unwanted impurities and placed in receiving hoppers of the processing line.

2. Next, the preparation of the mixture is performed — a dry mixture of materials that are fed into the furnace to produce glass melt, for which its components are metered into the mixers, where they are mixed, and then the resulting mixture is fed into the cooking furnace.

3. Glass melting is carried out directly in the melting furnace, which ends by cooling the glass to a temperature at which it acquires the viscosity required to produce glass by blowing, and then feeds it to molding.

4. After passing through the molding process, the composition obtained by ultrasonic mixing of ONT with an organo-titanium or organotin compound (for example, tin monobutyl trichloride) is applied to the glass product obtained at the stated ratio of mass fractions. The composition is applied, for example, by moving glassware through a chamber in which the composition is in the dispersed phase. At the same time, the surface temperature of glassware is about 500-650 ° C, and the temperature in the chamber is 150-200 ° C.

5. Further, depending on the type, the temperature of the glass product is reduced in a certain way to a temperature of 80-100 ° C. So, to relieve internal residual stress in thin-walled products (for which this is critical), they are subjected to additional heat treatment, lengthening the cooling process. Products with sufficient wall thickness can naturally cool.

6. When the glass surface is cooled to a temperature of 80 ° C, a composition obtained by ultrasonic mixing of ONT with a colloidal polymer base (for example, polyethylene) is applied to its outer surface at the stated ratio of mass fractions. The composition is applied, for example, by moving glassware through a chamber in which the composition is in the dispersed phase.

7. The temperature of the glassware with the composition deposited on its surface is lowered to ambient temperature.

When testing products manufactured by standard technology at OJSC Zavod Zavod OJSC, that is, applying the usual hardening coatings at the “hot end” and “cold end” stages - hereinafter referred to as “Standard”, applying only at the “hot end” stage composition from a standard process fluid (tin monobutyl trichloride C ₄ H ₉ Cl ₃ Sn was used) and ONT (MI-57 and MI-60 were used) - hereinafter referred to as “Nano Hot”, with a colloidal polymer composition applied only at the “cold end” stage base with ONT (MI-57 and MI-60) - hereinafter “Nano cold”, and using the proposed method, that is, with the application of compositions with ONT simultaneously at the stages of the “hot” and “cold” ends - hereinafter “Nanocomplex”, the following results were obtained:

1. The average pressure at fracture, bar

(Number of tests: Standard - 87, Nano hot - 94, Nano cold - 88, Nanocomplex - 121):

Standard 24.2

Nano hotter 31.3

Nano Cold 29.6

Nanocomplex 34.8

At the same time, the confidence interval (95%) was for the categories:

Standard - 10.3 to 38.0 bar

Nano hotter - from 17.6 to 44 bar

Nano cold - from 18.3 to 40.2 bar

Nanocomplex - from 21.3 to 46.8 bar

2. The average pressure during the destruction (the mass of the bottle is reduced by 30%), bar

(Number of tests: Standard - 83, Nano hot - 87, Nano cold - 93, Nanocomplex - 106):

Standard 19.4

Nano hotter 25.1

Nano Cold 23.3

Nanocomplex 31.7

At the same time, a shift in the lower boundary of the destructive pressure was observed from 12 bar (for the lightweight bottle Standard) to 23 bar (for the lightweight bottle Nanocomplex).

The results of the tests allow us to conclude that the double deposition of compositions containing ONT (primarily at the “hot end” stage and secondly at the “cold end” stage) significantly increases the strength of finished products in comparison with both standard production methods and compared with the methods in which the application of the compositions with ONT produced only at the stage of "hot end" or at the stage of "cold end".

Thus, the use of the proposed method for the production of glass products allows to achieve their significant strengthening while reducing the raw materials used for their manufacture.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing glass products, comprising the following steps:
- preparation of raw materials,
- preparation of the charge,
- glass melting,
- forming products and their subsequent cooling,
characterized in that after the molding step, a composition containing organotin or organotitanium compounds for hardening glass with single-walled carbon nanotubes (ONT) is applied to the surface of the product, while the content of ONT in the composition is from 0.005% to 0.2% of its total mass, and at the cooling stage, when the surface of glassware reaches a temperature of 80 ° C, a composition containing a colloidal polymer base with single-walled carbon nanotubes (ONT) is applied to it, while the content of ONT in the composition is from 0.005% to 0, 2% of its total mass.