RU2559250C1 - Bottomhole catalytic assembly for thermal impact on formations containing hydrocarbons and solid organic substances - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: device for thermal impact on the formations containing hydrocarbons (HC) and solid organic substances (SOS) is characterised by that it is the bottomhole catalytic assembly (BCA). BCA comprises the bottomhole catalytic reactor, the heat exchanger, the catalyst pre-heating unit in the bottomhole catalytic reactor, a flow-through packer with elastic elements, the product supply pipeline for pumping into the bottomhole catalytic reactor of methane and air mix, the product supply pipeline for pumping into the flow-through packer and water into the bottomhole, and also the product supply pipeline for pumping of furnace gases from the bottomhole to its day surface. Thus the bottomhole catalytic reactor, the heat exchanger and the catalyst pre-heating unit in the bottomhole catalytic reactor form the bottomhole indirect catalytic steam generator (BHICSG).

EFFECT: increase of NC recovery factor, complex development of resource potential of oil-bearing shale layers, improvement of efficiency of development of heavy and difficult for recovery stocks of HC, occurred at considerable depths.

20 cl, 2 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used (a) for the extraction of natural bitumen, superheavy, heavy, highly viscous and viscous oils; (b) to increase the intensification of oil production of low-permeable rocks of oil shale, medium and light oil density; (c) for in-situ generation of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons from kerogen, brown or bituminous coal, and (d) for in-situ improvement of the quality of liquid hydrocarbons, lowering their viscosity and irreversibly reducing their density.

Currently, in the oil production sector for the extraction of natural bitumen, superheavy, heavy, highly viscous and viscous oils on an industrial scale, exclusively ground-based steam generators or steam and gas generators are used. From an economic point of view, their justified use without the use of thermal cases (pipes with thermal insulation) is limited to a depth of 800 meters. For the economically justified use of the steam-thermal or gas-vapor-thermal method of influencing productive formations that lie deeper than 800 meters, a number of companies are developing special downhole heat-generating devices. And, in this regard, mainly we are talking about downhole direct steam and gas generators (ZPPGG), burning methane-air fuel mixture in an open flame.

However, ZPPGG have four significant drawbacks, and they are as follows:

- From the current level of technological development it is known that the ZPPGGs developed today, due to the principle of burning fuel in an open flame, are not able to ensure the stability and duration of the fuel burning process in the presence of high pressures. According to some experts, in the future, after the completion of the development process, the practical application of the ZPPGG will be limited to a depth of 1500 meters;

- as a result of burning methane-air fuel mixture in ZPGG, flue gases are formed, mainly consisting of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, which when mixed with water form a high-temperature working agent - a high-temperature vapor-gas mixture consisting mainly of water in the form of steam, carbon dioxide and nitrogen . Such a high temperature working agent is then injected into hydrocarbon containing formations. And, if the presence of carbon dioxide in hydrocarbon-containing formations is a positive factor, then the presence of nitrogen in them is in most cases undesirable. Moreover, the cleaning of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons (HC) raised to the day surface of the well from nitrogen is a complex and expensive process;

- Another problem associated with the practice of using ZPPGG is the high temperature of burning methane-air fuel mixture in an open flame - from 1800 to 2500 ° C, which causes metal overheating, which, in turn, is the main reason for the predicted rapid wear and short life of ZPPGG ;

- for the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture to the ZPPGG located at the bottom of the well, for example, at a depth of 1,500 meters, the use of expensive and unreliable compressors with a final pressure of up to 20 MPa will be required, which, ultimately, significantly reduces the economic attractiveness of projects for developing deep-seated heavy and difficult to recover HC

From the above it also follows that ZPGT cannot be used to intensify the extraction of oil of low permeability rocks and the generation of synthetic oil from kerogen hard organic substances (TOV) of oil shale formations such as the Bazhenov Formation (RF), Bakken, Eagle Ford (USA) or Waka Muert (Argentina), since they all lie at considerable depths from 2000 to 3500 meters.

A known method of thermal exposure to oil-bearing and / or kerogen-containing formations with high viscosity and heavy oil, as well as a device for extracting oil from kerogen (RF patent No. 2447276, IPC ЕВВ 43/24, publication 2012).

The known technical solution involves the use of a downhole direct catalytic steam and gas generator, which can be performed using one, two or more series-connected catalytic reactors. Reactors can be made with the same or different sizes and configurations and can have the same or different volume of catalytic chambers. The catalytic reactor may be filled with a catalyst of the same type or with catalysts of different types. When using multiple catalytic reactors, each of them can be filled with catalysts of the same type or catalysts of different types. Catalytic reactors can be interconnected by a rigid or flexible product pipeline.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions include the following:

- the known method and device for its implementation suggest for injection into the reservoir, located at great depths (2-5 km), the use of compressors with a final pressure of up to 45-50 MPa. It is known that such compressor equipment has a high cost and relatively short life. The use of such high pressure compressors increases the cost of the known method in case of its use at great depths;

- also the disadvantage of the known technical solution is the presence of nitrogen in the working agent, since the purification from nitrogen of the liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons raised on the day surface of the well is a complex and expensive process.

The closest analogue of the claimed device (downhole catalytic assembly) is a technical solution known from US patent application No. 2013/0062065 (publication 2013).

The construction of the known device is shown in FIG. 1, which is a cited illustration set forth in US Patent Application No. 2013/0062065, explaining the structure and principle of operation of the known device.

A known device (downhole indirect steam generator) contains:

1. Downhole device - gas burner (130) for methane combustion.

2. The first heat exchanger (120).

3. The second heat exchanger (140).

4. Product pipeline (131) for the delivery of fuel (methane) to the bottomhole device (130) for burning fuel.

5. A product pipeline (133) for delivering an oxidizing agent (air or oxygen) to a downhole device (130) for burning fuel.

6. A product pipeline (135) for delivering water to the first and second heat exchangers (120 and 140).

7. A product pipeline (139) for removing flue gases from a known device — from the bottom of a well — onto its day surface into a system (150) for collecting flue gases and carbon dioxide.

8. Product pipeline (156) for delivery to the bottom of the well (137) of carbon dioxide for its subsequent mixing with water in the form of steam.

The principle of operation of the known device is as follows:

1. Fuel (methane) is supplied to the downhole device (130) for burning fuel through the product pipeline (131), and an oxidizing agent (air or oxygen) is supplied through the product pipe (1133).

2. As a result of fuel combustion in the downhole fuel combustion device (130), high-temperature flue gases are formed, which are first supplied to the second heat exchanger (140) through the product pipeline (139), and then, passing through the body of the downhole fuel burning device (130), they enter first heat exchanger (120).

3. Having given heat to the water in the second (140) and in the first (120) heat exchangers, the cooled flue gases through the product pipeline (139) are removed to the day surface of the well and enter the flue gas and carbon dioxide collection system (150).

4. Water passing through the first (120) and second (140) heat exchangers is heated and turns into steam (137), which enters the bottom of the well.

5. In turn, carbon dioxide extracted from the flue gas in the flue gas collection system (150) is pumped through the product pipeline (156) to the bottom of the well, where it is mixed with steam (137), forming a high-temperature working agent consisting of water in the form of steam and carbon dioxide.

The main disadvantages of the known device include the following:

- the high temperature generated during the combustion of gaseous fuel in an open flame of a gas burner of a downhole device for burning fuel (130) leads to rapid wear of the known device and reduces the degree of reliability of its operation. Moreover, too high a temperature on the surface of the casing of the device for burning fuel (130) can lead to overheating of the cement stone and the integrity of the casing;

- a large number of product pipelines (131, 133, 135, 139 and 156), lowered simultaneously into the well together with the known device, significantly complicates the process of its operation, and also requires the development and use of special multi-tubing installations;

- in conditions of limited and scarce downhole space, the known device has an insufficiently rational configuration, since the generation of steam (137) occurs inside the first (120) and second (140) heat exchangers and at the same time a significant downhole space between the casing and the known device, remains idle;

- according to the authors of US patent application No. 2013/0062065, the known device will be able to generate a working agent (steam or gas mixture (water and carbon dioxide) with a final pressure of 1500 to 2000 psig (10 to 14 MPa), which does not allow the use of the known a device for the efficient production of deep-seated heavy and difficult to recover oils (> 1,500 meters), as well as for the intensification of oil production of low-permeability rocks and the generation of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons from oil-bearing oil shale formations, for example, from the Bazhenov Formation (RF).

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of development of deep deposits of heavy and hard to recover oils, as well as the intensification of oil production of low permeability rocks.

The technical result of the use of the claimed invention is to increase the hydrocarbon recovery coefficient, the integrated development of the resource potential of oil shale formations, which involves both the intensification of oil production of low permeability rocks, and the involvement in the active development of solid organic substances, as well as the effective development of heavy and difficult to recover hydrocarbon reserves that are significant the depths.

The problem is solved by using a device for the implementation of thermal effects on formations containing hydrocarbons (HC) and solid organic matter (TOV), which is a downhole catalytic assembly (ZKS). ZKS includes a downhole catalytic reactor, a heat exchanger, a block for preheating the catalyst in a downhole catalytic reactor, a flow packer with elastic elements, a product piping for supplying methane-air fuel mixture to a downhole catalytic reactor, a product piping for delivering water to the flow packer and for bottom hole, as well as a flue gas delivery piping from the bottom of the well to its day surface, while the downhole catalytic reactor, heat exchanger and catalyst preheating unit a bottomhole catalytic reactor to form a catalytic indirect downhole steam generator (ZNKPG).

The downhole catalytic reactor contains catalytic blocks made of highly porous cellular material (HPMP), on the surface of which a nanostructured palladium or platinum catalyst with a particle size of the catalyst from 0.5 to 500 nanometers is deposited.

HPLC is formed from foam metal and / or foam ceramics.

The catalyst preheating unit in the downhole catalytic reactor contains a portable battery, a ceramic-metal heating element capable of generating a temperature of 700 ° C for 24 hours, and a timer designed to turn on the catalyst preheating unit at a specified time.

To minimize pressure loss during the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture to the downhole catalytic reactor, the product pipeline for the delivery of this mixture consists of two by-products of different diameters.

A larger diameter by-product pipeline for the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture is assembled from standard tubing.

A smaller diameter by-product pipeline for delivering a methane-air fuel mixture is assembled from pipe segments made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analogue 08X17H13M2).

A smaller diameter by-product pipeline for delivering a methane-air fuel mixture is made of pipes with thermal insulation.

A smaller diameter by-product pipe for delivering a methane-air fuel mixture has a length of 30 to 100 meters, and a larger diameter by-product pipe for delivering a methane-air fuel mixture has a length from the wellhead to the bottom of the well.

To minimize pressure loss during the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface, the product pipeline for the delivery of flue gases consists of two by-products of different reduced diameters.

The byproduct of a smaller reduced diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface is assembled from tubing made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analogue 08X17H13M2).

The by-product pipeline of a larger diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface is made in the form of a casing pipe, inside which the product pipe is placed for delivering water to the flow packer and to the bottom of the well, and a large by-pass pipe for delivering the methane-air mixture to the bottom of the well.

The byproduct of a smaller reduced diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface has a length of 30 to 100 meters, and the by-product of a larger reduced diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface has a length from the wellhead to its bottom.

The bottomhole indirect catalytic steam generator heat exchanger is formed by a subproduct pipe of a smaller reduced diameter for the delivery of flue gases, and a subproduct pipe of a smaller diameter passes through it to deliver a methane-air fuel mixture.

To ensure the possibility of minimizing the pressure loss in the ZKS product piping system, as well as increasing the effective surface of the heat exchanger, which is an element of ZNKPG, the byproduct of a smaller reduced diameter for delivering flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface has a larger outer diameter (for example, 60.3 mm), than the outer diameter (for example, 48.3 mm) of a sub-pipe of a larger diameter for delivery to the bottom of the methane-air fuel mixture.

The product pipeline for delivery to the flow packer and to the bottom of the well is a coiled tubing pipe having an outer diameter of 25.4 mm and an inner diameter of 19.86 mm, capable of withstanding an internal pressure of up to 150 MPa.

At the lower end of the flow packer are spray nozzles for spraying water entering the bottom of the well.

The flow packer and its elastic elements are activated when pressure is reached in the body of the flow packer, starting from 3 MPa.

In the well section located below the flow packer, a buffer downhole cooling section is formed with a maximum downhole temperature in the zone of the flow packer not more than 120 ° С.

The tightness of the mechanical compounds of the claimed device in the presence of both high pressures and high temperatures is achieved through the use of a special lubricant made mainly of nanosized particles (<100 nm) of metals, and / or their oxides, and / or gaskets made of bismuth.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 presents the closest analogue - the device according to US patent application No. 2013/0062065, in FIG. 2 shows a preferred, but not limited to a schematic representation of the claimed invention is a downhole catalytic assembly.

However, it should be understood that the drawing and detailed description are not intended to limit the invention to the particular disclosed form of embodiment, on the contrary, the invention involves the inclusion of all modifications, equivalents and alternatives that are within the essence and scope of the present invention, limited by the attached claims.

The proposed downhole catalytic assembly (ZKS) includes: a downhole catalytic reactor 1, a heat exchanger 2, a catalyst preheater unit 3, a flow packer 4, a product piping 5 for delivering methane-air fuel mixture to the downhole catalytic reactor from a well surface, a product piping 6 for delivering to a flow packer and on bottomhole water wells, product pipeline 7 delivery of flue gases from the bottomhole to its day surface.

The downhole catalytic reactor 1, the heat exchanger 2 and the catalyst preheating unit 3 are elements of the downhole indirect catalytic steam generator (ZNKPG) and together comprise ZNKPG 8.

The composition of the downhole catalytic reactor 1 includes a catalytic unit 9.

Downhole catalytic assembly operates as follows (Fig. 2):

1. The unit 3 for preheating the catalyst is driven.

2. After preliminary heating of the catalytic unit 9 of the downhole catalytic reactor 10 into the bottomhole indirect catalytic steam generator 8, gaseous fuel - methane-air fuel mixture 10 is supplied through the product pipe 5, which through the holes 11 is radially injected into the catalytic unit 9. The process of catalytic combustion of hydrocarbon gas 10 is initiated.

3. As a result of the catalytic combustion of the methane-air fuel mixture 10 in the downhole catalytic reactor 1, high-temperature flue gases 12 are formed, which are removed from the bottom of the well to its day surface via the product pipeline 7.

4. As soon as the downhole catalytic reactor 1 reaches the planned mode of operation, the delivery of water 17 to the flow packer 4 begins through the product pipeline 6. The pressure inside the flow packer 4 body increases and its elastic elements 13 expand, isolating the borehole 14 located below the flow packer 4 from the borehole 15 above the flow packer 4.

5. High-temperature flue gases 12, passing through the body of the heat exchanger 2, constantly heat its surface 16.

6. Having entered the flow packer 4 and passing through the body of the flow packer 4, water 17 begins to flow through the spray nozzles 18 into the zone of the ZNPG 8. In addition, flowing through the body of the flow packer 4, cold water 17 protects the flow packer 4 from overheating.

7. After flowing out of the spray nozzles 18, water 17 enters the bottom of the well and in the immediate vicinity of the flow packer 4 forms a buffer low-temperature cooling zone 19, which protects the elastic elements 13 of the flow packer 4 and the flow packer 4 as a whole from overheating.

8. In contact with the surface 16 of the heat exchanger 2 and the surface 18 of the downhole catalytic reactor 1, the water 17 is heated and transformed into superheated steam or in supercritical water. At the same time, there is a process of increasing pressure at the bottom of the well. In this way, a high-temperature working agent of high pressure is formed at the bottom of the well in the form of superheated steam or supercritical water.

9. As soon as the pressure of the high-temperature working agent at the bottom of the well becomes higher than the in-situ pressure, the process of spontaneous injection of the high-temperature working agent of high pressure into the reservoir or formations containing HC and / or TOV begins.

The quantitative characteristics of the working agent formed at the bottom of the well are regulated mainly due to changes:

- the percentage of methane and air in the methane-air fuel mixture 10;

- the volume of supply of methane-air fuel mixture into the downhole catalytic reactor 1; and

- the volume of water supply to the bottom of the well.

A feature of the proposed technical solution is that:

1. The flow packer 4 is an integral element of the overall design of the claimed downhole catalytic assembly;

2. The catalytic blocks 9 of the downhole catalytic reactor 1 are filled, mainly, with a nanostructured catalyst deposited on a highly porous cellular material (HPLM) made of foam metal and / or ceramic foam.

HPLC is the only material whose open structural porosity can reach 98%, and the pore size can vary from 0.1 to 7 mm. In terms of permeability, HPMN is superior to other permeable materials by 1-5 orders of magnitude.

Mostly, a nanostructured palladium or platinum catalyst with a particle size of the catalyst from 0.5 to 500 nanometers is deposited on the HPMP surface. The catalyst can be deposited on the HPMP surface by any known method, which provides reliable adhesion of the nanodispersed catalyst to the HPMP surface (with or without a sublayer).

The specific thermal power of the catalytic unit 9 can be from 35 to 70 watts per 1 cubic meter. cm volume of HPMP catalyst. For example, the HPLM catalyst used in microchannel catalytic reactors developed by the Institute of Catalysis named after G.K. Boreskova, SB RAS, develops a specific heat output equal to 52.5 W per 1 cubic meter. cm volume of HPMP catalyst.

3. ZNKPG is equipped with a catalyst preheating unit 3, the main elements of which are: housing 20, a portable battery 21, a ceramic-metal heating element 22, a timer 23, designed to turn on the catalyst preheating unit 3 at the appointed time and heat-insulating material 24 protecting the elements of block 3 from overheating for a while (from 1 to 8 hours) of its operation.

4. The product pipeline 5, intended for delivery to the downhole catalytic reactor 3 of the methane-air fuel mixture 10 from the day surface of the well, is made of two by-products of various diameters. The first by-product pipeline 5.1 is made of standard tubing (tubing), mainly having an inner diameter of 40.3 mm, connected by couplings 25, having an outer diameter of 55.9 mm The second by-product pipeline 5.2 is made of pipe sections (from 4 to 6 m) made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analogue 08X17H13M2). The outer diameter of the pipes is 31.75 mm, and the inner one is 25.4 mm. Thanks to molybdenum (2.5%), steel of this brand is especially resistant to corrosion, high temperatures and aggressive environments. Product pipeline 5.2 may have an insulating sheath. In the area where the catalytic units 9 are located, the second by-product line 5.2 has openings 5.3, of which the methane-air fuel mixture 10 radially flows into the catalytic units 9. At the lower end of the second by-product line 5.2 there is a “glass” 5.4 for insulating the cermet heating element 22. The first by-product line 5.1 and the second subproduct pipeline 5.2 are interconnected by a special transition unit 5.5 from the subproduct of a larger diameter to the subproduct of a smaller diameter, which has its housing aperture 5.6 5.7 for the expiration of which a product pipeline 7 flue gas 12.

Thus, the minimization of pressure losses during the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture 10 to the bottom of the well is achieved due to the fact that most of the way the methane-air fuel mixture 10 passes through the first subproduct 5.1, which has a large diameter. So, for example, when a methane-air fuel mixture 10 is delivered to the bottom of a well with a depth of 3000 meters, it passes 2950 meters through the first subproduct line 5.1 of a larger diameter and only 50 meters through the second subproduct line 5.2 of a smaller diameter.

5. The product pipeline 7, designed for delivery from the bottom of the well to its daily surface of the flue gas 12 is made of two by-product pipelines of various diameters. The first subproduct 7.1 is made of tubing, mainly having an inner diameter of 40.3 mm, connected by couplings having an outer diameter of 55.9 mm. Both the tubing itself and the couplings are made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analogue 08X17H13M2). The reduced inner diameter of the first subproduct 7.1 is 24.8 mm. The reduced diameter of the second subproduct 7.2 is 99 mm. Thus, the minimization of pressure losses during the delivery of flue gases 12 from the bottom of the well to its day surface is achieved due to the fact that most of the path flue gases 12 pass through the second subproduct 7.2, which has a large reduced diameter. So, for example, when a flue gas 12 is delivered from the bottom of a borehole with a depth of 3,000 to its day surface, 2,950 meters most of the way, the flue gases 12 pass through the second subproduct pipeline 7.2 of a larger reduced diameter and only 50 meters through the first subproduct pipeline 7.1 of a smaller reduced diameter.

6. The heat exchanger 2, in fact, is part of the product pipeline 7 and subproduct 7.1, in particular. A second by-product line 5.2 passes through the body of the heat exchanger 2, through which methane-air fuel mixture 10 enters the downhole catalytic reactor 1. After passing through the by-product line 5.2, the methane-air fuel mixture 10 is heated and enters the bottom-hole catalytic reactor 1, which increases the efficiency of the catalytic combustion of the methane-air fuel mixture 10 in a downhole catalytic reactor 1.

7. Product line 6 is a coiled tubing pipe having an outer diameter of 25.4 mm and an inner diameter of 19.86 mm, capable of withstanding an internal pressure of up to 150 MPa.

8. The tightness of mechanical compounds in the presence of both high pressures and high temperatures is achieved through the use of a special lubricant made mainly of nanosized particles (<100 nm) of metals, and / or their oxides, and / or gaskets made of bismuth.

Table 1 shows the data for calculating pressure losses during the delivery of methane-air mixture to the bottom of a well with a depth of 3100 meters and with the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of a well with a depth of 3100 meters to its day surface via sub-pipelines 5.1, 5.2, 7.1 and 7.2. At a pressure at the entrance to the by-product line 5. equal to 50 bar (5 MPa), the total pressure loss through the system of the by-products is 24.56 bar (2.456 MPa) and the pressure at the exit of the by-product 7.2 at the wellhead is 25.37 bar ( 2.537 MPa). Accordingly, the pressure inside the downhole catalytic reactor 1 is in the range of values comfortable for the catalyst — from 2 to 3 MPa — and amounts to 2.774 MPa.

Thus, the configuration of the product pipelines or by-product pipelines of the ZKS allows minimizing pressure losses during the delivery of methane-air mixture to the bottom of the well and during the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface, as well as maintaining the pressure that is comfortable for the catalyst inside the bottom-hole catalytic reactor 1 in the range from 2 to 3 MPa

The total pressure loss during the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well with a depth of 3100 meters to its day surface via sub-pipelines 7.1 and 7.2 is 1.8 bar, and from the bottom of the well with a depth of 5100 meters - 5.13 bar.

Upon delivery, 1 m3 water per hour to the flow packer 4 and to the bottom of the well with a depth of 3000 meters through the product pipeline 6, the pressure loss is 1.35 MPa, for 1.5 cubic meters. water per hour - 2.88 MPa, and for 2 cubic meters. water per hour - 4.89 MPa.

Burning in a downhole catalytic reactor 11,200 cubic meters. methane-air fuel mixture per hour, which has 80% air and 20% methane in its composition, allows you to generate about 2 MW / hour of thermal energy at the bottom of the well. This thermal energy is enough to generate 2275 kg of supercritical water per hour at the bottom of the well (P = 25 MPa and T = 500 ° C) or 25.3 cubic meters of supercritical water per hour at a density of 89.7 kg / m ³ (P = 25 MPa and T = 500 ° C).

The catalytic method of methane combustion is the most environmentally friendly way of burning HC, providing the lowest possible content of toxic substances in the composition of the flue gases.

The proposed technical solution downhole catalytic assembly (ZKS) provides the following advantages:

1. Downhole indirect catalytic steam generator (ZNKPG), as an element of the ZKS, generates a working agent in the form of superheated steam and / or water in a supercritical state on the bottom, which allows its use (ZKS) for the development of deep-seated deposits of heavy and hard to recover oils, as well as to intensify oil production of low-permeability rocks and to carry out in-situ generation of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons from oil-bearing oil shale formations. At the same time, the working agent generated at the bottom of the well has the following characteristics: the maximum temperature is 600 ° C and the maximum pressure is 50 MPa. The high-temperature working agent generated at the bottom of the well does not contain nitrogen, but, if necessary, may contain a catalyst in the form of solid nanosized particles of metals or their oxides, in molecular or ionic form.

2. The combustion temperature of the methane-air fuel mixture in ZNKPG is comfortable for the metal and does not exceed 1200 ° C.

3. The final pressure of the compressors used to supply methane-air fuel mixture to the bottom of the well and to divert flue gases from the bottom of the well to its daily surface does not exceed 5MPa, for which the diameters of the ZKS product pipelines are extremely large and have a configuration that minimizes pressure loss during delivery of methane-air fuel mixture to the bottom of the well and removal from the bottom of the well to its daily surface of the flue gases.

4. The final pressure in the downhole catalytic reactor downhole indirect catalytic steam generator is within the range comfortable for the catalyst from 2 to 3 MPa.

5. The total pressure loss during the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface does not exceed 1 MPa.

6. The flue gases removed from the bottom of the well to its day surface contain the smallest possible amount of toxic substances.

7. ZKS has the smallest possible number of product pipelines lowered into the well with ZKS.

8. ZKS makes the most rational use of the entire downhole volume of the well.

9. During the operation of the ZKS, mainly standard devices and appliances are used that are already available and used in the domestic mining sector of the oil and gas industry.

10. The flow packer, as an element of the ZKS, reliably isolates the high-temperature borehole zone of high pressure located below the flow packer from the low-temperature borehole zone of low pressure located above the flow packer.

11. The flow packer, as an element of the ZKS, creates in the lower high temperature borehole zone of high pressure a buffer borehole cooling section with a maximum downhole temperature in the zone of the flow packer not more than 120 ° C.

Claims (20)

1. A device for the implementation of thermal effects on formations containing hydrocarbons (HC) and solid organic substances (TOV), characterized in that it is a downhole catalytic assembly (ZKS), which includes a downhole catalytic reactor, a heat exchanger, a catalyst pre-heating unit in a downhole catalytic reactor, a flow packer with elastic elements, a product piping for supplying a methane-air fuel mixture to a downhole catalytic reactor, a product pipelines for delivery to a flow pa ker and to the bottom of the water well, as well as the product pipeline for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface, while the downhole catalytic reactor, heat exchanger and catalyst preheating unit in the downhole catalytic reactor form a downhole indirect catalytic steam generator (ZNKPG). 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the downhole catalytic reactor contains catalytic blocks made of highly porous cellular material (HPLM), on the surface of which a nanostructured palladium or platinum catalyst with catalyst particle sizes from 0.5 to 500 nanometers is deposited. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the HPLM is formed from foam metal and / or foam ceramics. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-heating unit of the catalyst in the downhole catalytic reactor contains a portable battery, a cermet heating element capable of generating a temperature of 700 ° C for 24 hours, and a timer designed to turn on the pre-heating unit of the catalyst in set time. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to minimize pressure loss during the delivery of the methane-air fuel mixture to the downhole catalytic reactor, the product pipeline for the delivery of this mixture consists of two by-products of different diameters. 6. The device according to p. 5, characterized in that the larger diameter by-product for the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture is assembled from standard tubing. 7. The device according to p. 5, characterized in that the by-product of a smaller diameter for the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture is assembled from pipe segments made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analog 08X17H13M2). 8. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the by-product of a smaller diameter for the delivery of methane-air fuel mixture is made of pipes with thermal insulation. 9. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 5-8, characterized in that the by-product of a smaller diameter has a length of 30 to 100 meters, and the by-product of a larger diameter has a length from the wellhead to the bottom of the well. 10. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that to minimize pressure loss during the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface, the product pipeline for the delivery of flue gases consists of two subproducts of different reduced diameters. 11. The device according to p. 10, characterized in that the subproduct of a smaller diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface is assembled from tubing made of corrosion-resistant steel, for example, AISI 316 (analogue 08X17H13M2). 12. The device according to p. 10, characterized in that the by-product pipe of a larger diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface is made in the form of a casing pipe, inside which the product pipe is placed for delivery to the flow packer and to the bottom of the well of water and a by-product of a large diameter for delivery to the bottom of the well methane-air fuel mixture. 13. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 10-12, characterized in that the subproduct of a smaller reduced diameter has a length of 30 to 100 meters, and the subproduct of a larger reduced diameter has a length from the wellhead to its bottom. 14. The device according to p. 11, characterized in that the bottomhole indirect catalytic steam generator heat exchanger is formed by a subproduct pipe of a smaller reduced diameter for the delivery of flue gases, and a subproduct pipe of a smaller diameter passes through it to deliver a methane-air fuel mixture. 15. The device according to p. 14, characterized in that the subproduct of a smaller diameter for the delivery of flue gases from the bottom of the well to its day surface has a larger outer diameter (for example, 60.3 mm) than the outer diameter (for example, 48.3 mm ) a larger diameter by-product pipeline for delivery to the face of a methane-air fuel mixture. 16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the product pipeline for delivery to the flow packer and to the bottom of the water well is a coiled tubing pipe having an outer diameter of 25.4 mm and an inner diameter of 19.86 mm capable of withstanding an internal pressure of up to 150 MPa. 17. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that in the lower end of the flow packer are spray nozzles for spraying water entering the bottom of the well. 18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow packer and its elastic elements are activated when pressure is reached in the body of the flow packer starting from 3 MPa. 19. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the well section located below the flow packer, a buffer downhole cooling section is formed with a maximum downhole temperature in the zone of the flow packer not more than 120 ° C. 20. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the tightness of the mechanical connections of the claimed device is achieved through the use of a special lubricant made mainly of nanosized particles (<100 nm) of metals, and / or their oxides, and / or gaskets made of bismuth .

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