RU2551564C2 - Processing method of drilling wastes on territory of cluster site - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and processing (deactivation) of drilling wastes together with secondary wastes of thermal utilisation of oil slurries with ash and slag mixtures so that road-building composite materials are obtained. The task at which this invention is aimed is to create a processing method of drilling wastes on the territory of a cluster site. The processing method of drilling sludge on the territory of the cluster site involves arrangement at the site of components of the mixture and a processing capacity, placement of drilling sludge into the capacity, addition to the sludge of components and mixing of the mixture with an excavator so that road-building composite material is obtained; with that, the processing capacity is installed into soil so that its upper edge is elevated above relief to the height of not more than 0.5 m.

EFFECT: reduction of costs for transportation of wastes to the nearest sludge pit, a possibility of processing of drilling wastes immediately after their formation, a possibility of using secondary materials obtained as a result of processing at the site.

6 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction and processing (neutralization) of drilling waste together with the secondary waste of thermal utilization of oil sludge from ash and slag mixtures, to obtain road-building composite materials that can be used for the construction of subgrade and in the construction of reinforced road bases on roads of category IV in II- V climatic zones, as well as coatings on roads of IV-V categories as a material for the construction of embankments of the subgrade and strengthening of ground wasps IAOD construction and other sites, reclamation of sludge pits in the oil and gas exploration areas.

From the patent of the Russian Federation 2303011, the construction material “Burolit” is known, including drill cuttings, cement and urea-formaldehyde foam, characterized in that it contains drill cuttings with a density of 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ³ , urea-formaldehyde foam with a density of 10-30 kg / m ³ in an amount of 10-25% of the volume of drill cuttings, cement in an amount of 10-20% of the volume of drill cuttings and additionally a mineral filler with a particle size of from 2.7 to 3.1 mm, selected from the group consisting of sand and crushed granite, in the amount of 10-20% of the volume of drill cuttings.

The mixture is obtained by introducing into the drill cuttings with a density of from 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ³ with constant stirring of urea-formaldehyde foam having a density of 10-30 kg / m ³ in an amount of 10-25% of the volume of drill cuttings; cement in an amount of 10-20% of the volume of drill cuttings; mineral filler in the amount of 10-20% of the volume of drill cuttings. Mixing drill cuttings and encapsulating components until a homogeneous, rapidly thickening mass is produced using an excavator due to the movement of the excavator bucket in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

From the RF patent No. 2399440, a mixture is known for producing building material, including drill cuttings, a mineral additive, an accelerator, a desiccant and a hardener, characterized in that it contains loam, sand, a sand and clay fraction as a mineral additive, and calcium chloride as an accelerator and / or sodium, as a desiccant - at least one of: peat, mineral wool, slag, cellulose fibers, silica gel, penoizol, as a hardener - cement and / or bitumen, and in addition - carboxymethyl cellulose - CMC and / or poly vinyl acetate - PVA and spent technological solution with a density of 1.08-1.86 t / m ³ , and wastewater boring water resulting from drilling operations, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

drill cuttings 1.0-30.0 specified technological solution 1,0-40,0 specified mineral supplement 0.9-45.0 specified dehumidifier 1,0-38,0 CMC and / or PVA 0.1-0.2 specified accelerator 1.0-2.0 cement 1.0-22.0 bitumen 1.0-5.0 specified wastewater rest

The closest analogue of the claimed invention is a reinforced slurry building material disclosed in RF patent 2471737, including drill cuttings with a density of 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ³ , cement as the main binder in the amount of 4-12% by weight of the mixture, desiccant gypsum in the amount of 2-4% by weight of the mixture, mineral filler - natural sand in the amount of 40-70% by weight of the mixture.

The task to which this invention is directed is to provide a method for processing drilling waste on a cluster site.

The technical result of this invention is: reducing the cost of transporting waste to the nearest slurry barn, in connection with processing on the territory of the cluster site (the transportation range in this case is up to 1 km); the possibility of processing drilling waste immediately after its generation, thereby reducing the cost of payments for negative environmental impacts; the possibility of using the secondary materials resulting from processing at the site, in accordance with the scope specified in the documentation for this product (TU, STP), thereby reducing the cost of supplying soil (sand) using the resulting material.

The claimed technical result is achieved by creating a method for processing drill cuttings on the territory of a cluster site, including placing on the site mix components and containers for processing, placing drill cuttings in the tank, adding components to the cuttings and mixing the mixture with an excavator to obtain a road-building composite material, the processing tank is installed in the soil in such a way that its upper edge rises above the relief to a height of not more than 0.5 m. Preferably, it is expensive but-building material comprises drill cuttings density of from 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ^3, cement as the main cementitious material in an amount of 5-15% by weight of the mixture, the waste heat utilization sludge (ash) density of from 1.2 to 1.6 kg / dm ³ in an amount of 14.5-34% by weight of the mixture, a mineral filler and a sorbent complexing agent, where an organic fibrous (peat) sorbent in an amount of 2-4% by weight of the mixture is used as a sorbent complexing agent. Preferably, the site has dimensions of at least 20 × 20 m. Preferably, a chipper is placed on the upper edge of the container. Preferably, the side walls of the container are externally reinforced with logs. Preferably, the components of the mixture are located near the excavator at a distance of the length of the extension of its boom.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 General diagram of the processing of drill cuttings;

Figure 2 Scheme of the site for processing drill cuttings to obtain technology GUDS;

Figure 3 The layout of the tank for processing drill cuttings technology GUDS;

Figure 4 Options for the use of soil reinforced road-building in the construction and repair of well sites; where A is the waterproofing device for cluster sites, B is the repair of cluster sites during soil subsidence near the wellhead, C is the strengthening of the slopes of the embankments, G is the filling of the base of the cluster sites;

Figure 5 The use of soil reinforced road construction in the reclamation of sludge pits with preliminary excavation of drill cuttings from the barn;

6 The use of soil reinforced road construction in the reclamation of sludge pits without preliminary excavation of drill cuttings from the barn;

Fig. 7 A typical variant of a road embankment using soil of a fortified road-building; where A is the filling of the road base, B is the strengthening of the slopes of the roadway.

The implementation of the invention

Neutralization of drill cuttings together with waste from thermal disposal of oil sludge, with the same technology and formulation of flushing fluid belonging to hazard class IV or III, with the production of environmentally friendly material, is carried out by binding and neutralizing toxicants in the structure of a monolithic consolidated material and eliminating their migration activity.

DSCM - artificial material obtained by mixing in quarry mixing plants, either at landfills, or directly on the road (using mills, excavators and graders) of drill cuttings together with ash and slag mixtures, with cement or other inorganic binders and additives of active substances and sorbents, with subsequent laying and compaction when brought to optimum humidity, and meeting the standardized quality indicators in terms of strength, frost resistance and environmental protection in design or interim periods zopasnosti. According to the composition, structure, physico-mechanical properties and other properties, as well as the scope, methods of preparation, DSCM is a type of reinforced soil or processed materials in accordance with GOST 23558-94.

Used in the composition of the claimed composition, drill cuttings (BS) is a fluid-plastic (from semi-liquid to viscous consistency) paste-like mass and consists of particles of drill cuttings and spent drilling mud (OBR). The BS solid phase contains varying degrees of dispersion (from colloidal to 5-10 mm) of drill cuttings and clay powders (bentonite, montmorillonite) introduced into the washing liquid, as well as insoluble and poorly soluble additives (calcium carbonate, barite, etc.). The BS liquid phase is formed due to the discharge of a certain amount of drilling fluid, as well as wastewater during equipment flushing.

BS includes drill cuttings and drilling fluid, their ratio may be different, for example, drill cuttings from fields of TNK-Nizhnevartovsk OJSC contain, wt.%:

- drilled breed - 55-75;

- spent drilling mud (OBR) - 25-45.

At the same time, OBR includes the following components: sand in an amount of 3-4%, water in an amount of 90-92% and a colloidal phase of low density - 5-6%, which includes the following chemicals: bentonite clay powder (for example, PMBA grade), preparations CMC (compounds of polyanionic cellulose), soda ash and caustic soda, chalk, barite, water-soluble and high molecular weight polymer compounds (polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile), salts (potassium chloride, sodium chloride) and other substances.

For processing BS is used, having a density in the range of 1.3-1.8 kg / dm ³ and a moisture content in the range of 30-60%.

The ash and slag mixtures (ZHS) used in the composition of the claimed composition are generated in plants for thermal utilization (burning) of waste generated during oil and gas production (soils contaminated with oil and oil products, sludge for cleaning pipelines and tanks from oil and oil products and drill cuttings).

ZHS consists of an ash component (ash and slag particles less than 0.315 mm in size) and slag, including: slag sand - grains ranging in size from 0.315 to 5 mm; crushed stone slag - grains larger than 5 mm. The residual content of oil products in the ZHS does not exceed 0.5%. In addition to the sorbent-complexing agent indicated in the mixture, ash and slag can be considered as a desiccant in an amount of 30-40% by weight of the mixture, which are multi-tonnage waste requiring promising disposal, since have a developed specific surface and hydraulic binders (activity). These materials in combination with the main binder (cement) bind a significant amount of water and impurities, turning BS in an inert and durable composite material.

The cement used as the main binder in DSCM provides strength gain, water resistance, in combination with a liquid-phase binder (water glass) eliminates BS fluidity, gives the material strength properties, binds toxicants and OB components, preventing the migration of pollutants into the environment.

The organic fibrous sorbent used as a complexing agent sorbent (dried ground peat produced in accordance with TU 1392-005-48952916-2001) with a density of not more than 180 kg / m ³ eliminates the migratory activity of pollutants and destroys the residual content of oil products.

In a preferred embodiment, an environmentally friendly organic fibrous (peat) sorbent is used as a complexing agent sorbent.

The use in the composition of the claimed mixture as a mineral filler of the more common and having a wider range of fractions of natural dispersed incoherent soil - sand in accordance with GOST 25100-95 reduces the cost of DSKM. In accordance with table B10 GOST 25100-95, the granulometric composition of natural sand (grain size and content) can be any, i.e. gravel to dusty sands can be used. The main option of the mineral filler is the choice of the most common sand and / or dusty sand in the oil and gas producing regions of Western Siberia with the following characteristics: particle size larger than 0.10 mm - at least 75% for fine or, accordingly, less than 75% for dusty. Moreover, the dosage of sand (0-30% by weight of the mixture) is selected taking into account its granulometric composition and BS according to the condition for obtaining the plasticity number of the mixture of about 7-12, i.e. optimal grain size distribution of the mixture, corresponding to light sandy loam, which is most favorable for soil strengthening, including man-made, cement. The volume of introduced filler depends on the moisture and density of the BS, for example, with a minimum density of 1.3 kg / dm ³ and a maximum humidity of BS (70%), the maximum amount of sand is introduced - 30% of the mass of the mixture; at a maximum density of 1.8 kg / dm ³ and, accordingly, a minimum humidity (40%), the sand consumption is 0-10% by weight of the mixture. Also, the consumption of sand depends on the required strength and the field of application of the final product in the construction structures.

In the claimed composition, the use of cement of various grades is possible. The main binder option is Portland cement, slag Portland cement and Portland cement with mineral additives according to GOST 10178, sulfate-resistant and pozzolanic cements according to GOST 22266, as well as cements for building mortars according to GOST 25328 grades of at least 400 for coatings and 300 for bases.

To improve the properties and performance of DSCM, improving additives are used, including the following being used as microadditives:

- technical calcium chloride, sodium chloride, calcium nitrite (in an amount up to 2% by weight of the mixture), which accelerate the set of strength of the material, and are antifrosty additives that make it possible to produce DSCM in the winter.

The above microadditives are powder solids, which in northern conditions is preferable from the point of view of their transportation and introduction with mixing of the compositions.

To improve DSCM, other microadditives can also be used, including those supplied in liquid form (solutions, emulsions):

- organohydride-siloxanes (GKZh 136-41, GKZh 136-157M, manufactured according to GOST 10843-76, TU 6-02-694-76), in an amount up to 0.5% by weight of the building mixture;

- liquid glass (sodium silicate) - in an amount up to 1% by weight of the building mixture. These additives increase water resistance and water resistance, reduce water absorption and filtration coefficient, which eliminates the suffusion and leaching of toxic OB components from the composition;

- ground quicklime, building gypsum (water-binding, neutralizing waste);

DSCM, depending on the value of the total specific effective activity of natural radionuclides (Aeff) contained in DSCM, processed materials, soils, is used for:

And _eff up to 740 Bq / kg - for the construction of roads and sites without restrictions;

A _eff communication. 740 to 2800 Bq / kg - for road oilfield construction outside settlements and areas of prospective development.

The use of DSKM for the construction of road pavements and roadbed of roads, sites and other objects helps to increase environmental safety, reliability of structures, eliminates the possibility of BS components and waste entering the environment.

Thus, thanks to the invention, it has become possible to convert drill cuttings and waste thermal oil sludge into an inert composite material that binds pollutants in their structure to prevent their migration to the environment.

A method of processing drill cuttings includes the following stages (Figure 1):

- The accumulation of drill cuttings (BS).

- Adding and mixing the components of the mixture with an excavator.

- The resulting mixture is moved to the stack to complete the hardening process.

- The manufactured material is stored at temporary storage sites and transported for dumping area objects.

For the production of DSKM, GUDS on the territory of the cluster site:

- The processing site is being equipped:

Materials (components) are imported: sand 4, cement 3, GKZh 136-41 (or others) 2.

- Drill cuttings are brought into tank 1 (or removed from the barn).

Components added to drill cuttings

(the last may be any other supplement).

- Mixing components with an excavator to a homogeneous mixture.

- Digging and stacking.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the method of processing drilling waste includes processing of drilling waste to obtain a road-building composite material, including drill cuttings with a density of from 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ³ , cement as the main cementitious material in an amount of 5-15 % by weight of the mixture, the waste heat utilization sludge (ash) density of from 1.2 to 1.6 kg / dm ³ in an amount of 30-40% by weight of the mixture, the mineral filler and the sorbent-complexing agent, wherein as a sorbent using complexing tsya organic fibrous (peat) sorbent in an amount of 2-4% by weight of the mixture.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the components of the mixture are located near the excavator at a distance of the length of the extension of its boom.

For the processing of drilling waste, a site is equiped, a site is leveled, with dimensions of at least 20 X 20 m. The site is divided into sections for the accumulation and storage of materials, a processing section, access roads, and a storage area for materials. It is allowed to expand the site through the use of the obtained secondary material. Capacity 1 for processing is installed in the soil 7. Preferably, the capacity has a volume of 40 m ³ and overall dimensions of 6.4 × 2.5 × 2.5 m. GKZH 2 is stored in metal barrels of 0.2 m ³ . Cement is stored in MKR bags, sand - in bulk, not more than 2 m high, ZHS - in bulk, not more than 2 m high. DSKM 6 is folded in bulk, not more than 4 m high (Figure 2).

The top edge of the tank should rise above the relief to a height of not more than 0.5 m in order to avoid crushing of the tank under ground pressure - the side walls from the outside are reinforced with logs. The upper edge of the tank is reinforced with a reinforced concrete beam or pipe, serving as a chipper 8 when draining drilling waste (Figure 3).

The bush bases located in the marshes “sink” into peat over time, and the mouths of the wells are exposed.

In order to restore design marks, it is possible to excavate the soil and fill the formed excavation of the GDS in the places of the well pad agreed with the oil industry workers.

After its setting, the excavated soil is leveled with a bulldozer, platform 8 is planned (Figure 4).

During the construction of cluster sites in areas with a close occurrence of groundwater in the water protection zones, waterproofing of the bases is carried out.

A polymer film is usually used as a waterproofing material, which does not always provide the necessary degree of waterproofing due to its low mechanical strength.

More reliable waterproofing can be performed using GUDS 9 with the addition of liquid glass to increase the waterproofing properties of the composite material.

In water protection zones, it is advisable to isolate the GUDS 9 from below and from the sides of the composite material layer with a polymer film (Figure 4).

During the construction of a cluster site, the use of GUDS 9 for filling the base and strengthening the embankments is allowed in order to save imported construction soil (Figure 4).

The use of GDS in the reclamation of drill cuttings is carried out according to two main schemes - with the extraction of drill cuttings from the body of the barn and the processing of drill cuttings in the body of the barn.

When drilling cuttings 13 are removed from the barn, its processing is carried out at the processing site and the obtained GDS is put into the barn by the thrust method. This method is applicable for large barns, with a limit of soil, a large level of occurrence of sludge. In this case, light reinforcement of the sludge with twig lining 10 is made, then GUDS 9 is applied with a bulldozer by the thrust method. The work is done sequentially around the perimeter of the barn. The formation of the next strip of soil 11 is done after setting the GUDS, the prepared strip serves as a platform for the work and arrival of the bulldozer. A peat layer 12 is applied to the soil 11 (Figure 5).

When processing drill cuttings 16 in the body of the barn (Fig.6) is the arrangement of the dividing strip 14 for passage of the excavator; the distance between the dividing strips and the embankment should be no more than two lengths of the boom of the excavator - to cover the entire volume of BS during processing. Processing of drill cuttings is carried out along the dividing strip 14 and the embankment for the length of the boom of the excavator. Backfill with soil 11 is made after setting the GUDS. A remediation layer 16 is applied to the ground.

The construction of the structural layers of roads using GUDS is carried out in the following main ways: by mixing on specially prepared waterproofing sites in the right of way using multi-pass mills (DS-74); preparation of the mixture in soil mixing plants (DS-50A, B, etc.).

Also, the slopes of the roadway are strengthened (Fig. 7) using crushed stone 16 and sand 17.

Example 1

Building material DSCM grade M40, frost resistance index F25, includes, wt.%:

BSh, test No. 1 38 Portland cement M-400 fifteen ZHS 14.5 Mineral filler thirty Dried Ground Peat 2 Silo Organohydride 0.5

When implementing this composition, we obtain a material with a compressive strength of 0.4 MPa, suitable for the construction of bearing bases for road pavements, for example, on industrial roads.

Example 2

Building material DSCM grade M20, frost resistance indicator F15, includes, wt.%:

BSh, test No. 1 43 Portland cement M-400 10 ZHS 34 Mineral filler 10 Dried Ground Peat 2 Liquid glass one

When implementing this composition, we obtain a material with a compressive strength of 0.2 MPa, suitable for the construction of additional layers (frost protection, etc.) of the pavement foundations, for example, on industrial roads; as well as for the construction of solid embankments.

Example 3

Building material DSCM grade M10, frost resistance index F5, includes, wt.%:

BSh, test No. 1 58 Portland cement M-400 6 ZHS 29th Mineral filler 5 Dried Ground Peat 2

When implementing this composition, we obtain material with a compressive strength of 0.05 MPa, suitable for the construction of earthworks, backfilling and reclamation of sludge pits.

Example 4

Materials are brought to the processing site, drill cuttings are placed in the tank, into which components are added in the following ratio,% of the mass:

BSh, test No. 1 38 Portland cement M-400 fifteen ZHS 14.5 Mineral filler thirty Dried Ground Peat 2 Silo Organohydride 0.5

The mixture is mixed with a Hitachi excavator until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, followed by excavation and stacking.

Claims (6)

1. A method of processing drill cuttings on the territory of a cluster site, including placing mixture components and processing tanks on a site, placing drill cuttings in a container, adding components to the cuttings and mixing the mixture with an excavator to obtain a road-building composite material, the processing tank being installed in soil so that its upper edge rises above the relief to a height of not more than 0.5 m, use mineral filler (sand) in the range from 5 to 30 wt.% and drill cuttings wet 30-60% in the range from 38 to 58 wt.% 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the road-building material includes drill cuttings with a density of 1.3 to 1.8 kg / dm ³ , cement as the main cementitious material in an amount of 5-15% by weight of the mixture, waste thermal utilization of oil sludge (ash and slag) with a density of 1.2 to 1.6 kg / dm ³ in an amount of 14.5-34% by weight of the mixture, a mineral filler and a sorbent complexing agent, where organic fibrous (peat) is used as a sorbent complexing agent sorbent in an amount of 2-4% by weight of the mixture. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the site has dimensions of at least 20 × 20 m 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the upper edge of the tank placed bump. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the side walls of the tank are externally reinforced with logs. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the components of the mixture are located near the excavator at a distance of the length of the extension of its boom.

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