RU2542873C1 - System for technical surveillance of protected area - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: system includes an operator's panel connected by a link to a surveillance system mounted on a rotary platform with a video camera and a thermal imager. The rotary platform is fitted with a coordinate positioning system which is linked to a local or geographic coordinate system, and the operator's panel is connected by links to alarm sensors placed on the protected area and separately linked to the same local or geographic coordinate system.

EFFECT: faster and more accurate detection.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to integrated security systems capable of video surveillance of a protected area using long-range video and thermal imaging equipment tied to an electronic map of the protected area and triggered by signals from the sensors of the security system in order to prevent attempts by ground or air penetration into the protected area, which may be used in the comprehensive protection of the protected perimeter from unauthorized access of individuals, equipment, animals, etc., including for the protection of extended sections of the state border.

Currently, various security systems are used to protect extended objects, including the state border, allowing not only to delay the violator for a certain time, but also to transfer to the guard post the coordinates of the place where the attempted unauthorized entry occurred, and behind the scenes for the violator. These alarm systems can be completely autonomous and provide for various combinations of sensors that allow any intruder (by weight, speed or change in physical characteristics) to identify the intruder. However, these recognition algorithms are unreliable, so there is a high probability of a “false alarm”, which does not cancel the trip to the place of the capture group. The most common cause for sensors to trigger is animals that the sensors respond to. In order to exclude trips of the capture group to the “false alarms” triggered sensors, the security systems should be supplemented with video monitoring tools capable of viewing any place in the protected area from a long range (up to 10 km) for a real threat of penetration.

The following stringent requirements must be made to the technical surveillance complex, which allows monitoring of the protected area.

Firstly, the complex should be able to monitor the controlled area around the clock and year-round, including regardless of the current weather conditions (snowfall, rain, fog, etc.).

Secondly, the complex should be able to quickly and accurately aim at the point in the terrain where the alarm sensor worked.

Thirdly, the complex should be able to function both in automatic and in manual guidance mode. All information received about the intruder should be transmitted to the guard post for monitoring by the operator, who should be able to manually monitor the intruder, and save the received video information in the archive of violations.

Fourth, the complex should be able to quickly change configurations, that is, add or move sensors located in its area of operation, which will increase the reliability of the security system and respond quickly to changes in the situation in the protected area.

Fifth, the complex should be able to visually monitor mobile groups operating in its area of responsibility and with automatic means of determining coordinates and transmitting them over the air to the operator’s console, which will allow identifying mobile groups and coordinating their actions, for example, by capturing intruder.

A well-known forest video monitoring system comprising a high-rise structure and equipment located on a high-rise structure, including a video camera on a rotary device and a video camera control device, configured to determine the current spatial orientation of the video camera in its own coordinate system of the video camera (see RF patent No. 2458407, class G08B 25 / 10, 2012).

The system allows you to monitor the fire condition of forests at a fairly large distance (up to several tens of kilometers) from the location of the system in manual and automatic modes. Due to the possibility of determining the current orientation of the surveillance camera, the system allows you to indicate the direction of the fire and actually determine its coordinates (in interaction with the same systems) on maps and plans of the area.

However, at night, the system can only register foci with high brightness in the visible range of the spectrum. In addition, in bad weather (fog, rain, snow, etc.), observation in the visible range of the spectrum is very difficult and the range of the system is greatly reduced.

In addition, the time required to view the entire available camera area of the forest is quite large. Because of this, the system can confidently register only large and slowly moving objects such as a fire source or front of a fire.

A well-known mobile complex of technical security equipment containing a control point and a perimeter security system, consisting of perimeter detection tools and perimeter optoelectronic surveillance devices, including surround-circle viewing devices based on television and thermal imaging equipment with searchlight (see RF patent No. 2427039, class G08B 13/19, 2011).

The well-known mobile complex is mainly intended for the protection of enclosed enclosed areas (military warehouse, closed hangar, underground plant, etc.). For the protection of extended objects (border section), such a complex is not very suitable, because a detection zone of about 10 kilometers in size cannot be viewed with "surround-circular viewing means" in a reasonable amount of time. The speed of movement of the intruder is such that the time it intersects the video frame is much less than the total time of viewing the detection zone. Accordingly, the probability of an intruder getting into the frame is extremely small (below is an expert assessment of this probability). The perimeter detection tools available in the complex and the surround-circular viewing tools based on television and thermal imaging equipment with a searchlight do not have any reference to any common coordinate system. Therefore, pointing the platform with television and thermal imaging equipment to each detection means is carried out manually and, accordingly, takes a lot of time, which casts doubt even on the “mobility” of the complex. The operation of the platform with television and thermal imaging equipment as an independent means of detection has an extremely low speed and therefore is not able to detect an intruder with an acceptable probability.

For example, consider the operation of an observation post with a range of 6 km. In this case, the perimeter, for which the camera must be observed, is 2π · 6 = 37.7 km. In order for the operator of the observation post at the workplace to be able to recognize the person in the frame, the frame size on the ground should be no more than 70 meters. Accordingly, to view the entire perimeter, the operator will need to view 37.7 km / 70 m = 538 frames (not less). If we assume that the operator spends no more than 30 seconds to study each frame (which is very small for detection and reliable threat assessment), then it should take 30 sec · 538 frames = 4.5 hours to view the entire perimeter. During this time, a pedestrian walks about 9 km cross country. Therefore, it is possible to notice it with this detection method, without a priori information, only by chance.

The closest to the claimed technical solution in technical essence is the technical observation point selected as a prototype (see RF patent No. 128753, class G08B 13/00, 2013), which includes a mast with an installed video surveillance system as part of a long-range video camera and thermal imager located on the turntable, as well as a system for receiving and transmitting data over the air with a remote control.

The main disadvantage of this system is its functional limitation, which does not allow to detect a rapidly moving intruder. As the above expert calculation shows, a long-range surveillance system as a means of detecting an intruder is absolutely useless without first specifying the direction of the intruder and it’s almost impossible to catch him into the frame.

Another disadvantage of the known system is the difficulty of indicating the angles of the turntable for directing surveillance cameras to the selected (most dangerous in the sense of unauthorized entry attempts) places on the ground. Using the well-known system, it is necessary to orient the observation post according to landmarks on the ground, followed by storing the angles of the turntable. If there are landmarks, they are visually in the manual control mode of the turntable. Otherwise, it is necessary to send a person to artificially create a guide (note that the range of the system is about 10 km and the availability of some places can be difficult, which will require significant time costs).

The problem solved by the claimed technical solution is to eliminate these drawbacks, namely, expanding the functionality of the device by providing a coordinate reference of the known video surveillance system to a specific area with all the security alarm equipment located there, also having a coordinate reference to the area, which will guarantee a catch in the frame an intruder that caused an alarm message from any security alarm sensor located in its area of responsibility.

The indicated task in the complex of technical monitoring of the protected area, including the operator’s console, connected by a communication channel to the mast, on which the long-range terrain viewing system is installed on the turntable, consisting of a video camera and thermal imager, is solved by the fact that the turntable is equipped with a coordinate positioning system that is attached to a local or geographic coordinate system, and the operator’s console is connected by communication channels to security alarm sensors located on a guarded area and having individually bind to the same LAN or to a geographical coordinate system.

The indicated design of the complex practically in real time allows using the signals from the security sensors to direct the long-range viewing system using the turntable into place with the coordinates transmitted in the alarm message from the sensor, while the observation post with a minimum delay can show a thermal imaging and / or video image developments. During the reaction of the complex (less than 5 seconds) even an intruder of the “motor vehicle” type will move no more than 50 meters, i.e. will remain in the frame.

To expand the functionality of the complex, the operator’s console is made on the basis of a stationary or mobile control and communication center and is equipped with a multitask computing device with an uninterruptible power supply and a video information storage device, which allows it to record information events around the clock and at any time of the year caused by the operation of sensors in any area of the protected territory.

To increase the informational content of the complex, the computing device of the operator’s console is equipped with a memory unit with a digital map or a terrain plan in 2D or 3D format, and each alarm sensor is equipped with an autonomous GPS receiver connected via a communication channel to the operator’s console, while radio channels are used as communication channels and / or optical channels and / or cable channels.

As a device for individual binding of the security alarm sensor to a local or geographical coordinate system, a subscriber identification module with pre-recorded sensor coordinates is used.

For accurate positioning of the turntable, it is equipped with an autonomous computing device, in the memory of which is entered a digital map or a terrain plan in 2D or 3D format. Pointing to a point on the monitor screen automatically positions the turntable to the specified location on a digital map or ground plan in 2D or 3D format.

Thus, the claimed complex, by linking the turntable of the long-range field surveillance system and security alarm sensors to a single local or geographical coordinate system, allows real-time orientation of the video camera and the long-range thermal imager to the place of attempted unauthorized penetration of the intruder and to identify him in a timely manner, which has no analogues among the well-known engineering complexes for technical monitoring of the protected area, which means that it corresponds to teriyu "inventive step".

Figure 1 presents a figure explaining the interaction of individual systems of the claimed complex technical monitoring. The complex includes: 1 - an operator panel (it is conventionally shown as a mobile control and communication center) connected by a communication channel 2 to a video surveillance system 3, which consists of a mast 4 with a rotary platform 5 with a video camera 6 and an imager 7; a security alarm system 8 located in the protected area, consisting of sensors 9a, 9b, ... 9n, connected to each other by local channels with links 10a, 10b, ... 10n and a communication channel 11 with the operator panel 1.

The inventive complex operates as follows. For simplicity of understanding the technical essence of the claimed technical solution, we explain that simultaneously with the installation of sensors 9a-9n on the ground, they are linked to the coordinate system. For more information on installing sensors on the ground and determining their coordinates using the KOPR mobile product, see the manufacturer’s website (http://www.radiobarier.ru/). Briefly, this occurs as follows. When you turn on (immediately after installation) the sensors 9a-9n, their GPS coordinates are automatically determined by the COPR product and transmitted over the air to the operator console 1, where they are applied to an electronic map of the area, which is a plan of the area in 2D or 3D format, where individual serial numbers all installed sensors are indicated. A similar map of the terrain is sewn into the memory of the coordinate positioning system of the turntable 5. Now we will directly examine the operation of the complex for monitoring the protected area after the operation of one of the sensors 9a-9n. An alarm signal from any of the sensors 9a-9n through local channels by connections 10a-10n is transmitted to that of the sensors 9 (in the figure it is sensor 9a), which is located in the reception zone of the communication channel 11 of the operator console 1. Suppose that the sensor 9n transmits an alarm, which through the communication channels 10a-10n is supplied to the sensor 9a and through it to the operator console 1. The local communication system 10a-10n is organized in such a way that each of the sensors 9a-9n acts as a relay of the signal that it received from the nearest sensor (9c) and transfers it to the other nearest sensor (9a) in invariably m form. Thus, the alarm that the sensor 9n transmitted, having put its GPS coordinates in it, was received by the operator panel 1. Since the computer of the operator panel 1 contains an electronic map of the area indicating the GPS coordinates of all sensors 9a-9n, and the coordinate system positioning of the turntable 5 there is a similar electronic map, then the coordinates of the sensor 9p that transmitted the alarm message transmitted from the operator’s console 1 via the communication channel 2, the turntable 5 with the video camera 6 and the thermal imager 7 automatically Heskeys hover over a specified point, turning in azimuth and elevation. The camcorder 6 and / or the imager 7 begin to automatically transmit the image and the operator can see on the display screen of the operator panel 1 a picture from the place of the event and the intruder that triggered this sensor 9n.

Consider the operation of the complex in manual mode. If it becomes necessary to obtain visual information from a certain square in the area of responsibility of the complex, the operator can manually enter the GPS coordinates of the desired location. Next, simple geometric calculations using a digital terrain map, performed by special software in automatic mode, allow you to calculate the azimuth and elevation angle for the turntable 5. The platform is deployed and points the video camera 6 and thermal imager 7 to the specified point. Further, as in the previous example.

If necessary, the operator can manually examine the immediate vicinity of the specified point, using the joystick of the operator’s console 1 and the zoom of the camera 6 and the imager 7 (these functions are available to the operator through the remote access program installed on the computer of the operator’s console 1).

The way to enter GPS coordinates into the complex can be absolutely anything. Coordinates can be entered using the keyboard manually, from the touch screen of a monitor with a card, from digital media such as a flash card, or transmitted via standard communication channels such as the Internet and others (a complete analogy with a car GPS navigator). In addition, the coordinates can also be transmitted via special communication channels of the “Radio-barrier” type, with a KOPR-type product.

In the case of a KOPR product, the complex operates as follows. COPR has a built-in GPS module for determining its current coordinate, which it regularly transmits to the operator console 1. An alarm group with COPR will always be under the supervision of the operator, since the rotary device 5 will aim the video camera 6 and the thermal imager 7 synchronously with the received coordinates. Such visual tracking by the operator of the group's trajectory will significantly increase its efficiency and safety of movement.

Thus, the complex has the ability to automatically point to any part of the terrain without using landmarks visible on the operator’s screen.

Consider examples of the complex's work on violators of various types.

In the protected area, passive infrared sensors of the RS-IR type from the security systems of the Radio Barrier can be used as sensors (see http://www.radiobarier.ru/). When these GPS sensors are turned on, the coordinates of each are automatically determined by the CRC product and transmitted over the air to the operator console 1. Thus, all sensors are displayed on a digital map of the area.

In the case of the appearance of an “intruder” in the detection zone (AO) of the sensor (the sensor determines it by the change in thermal radiation in the AO), an alarm signal is transmitted to the operator panel 1. Together with the alarm signal, the sensor transmits its individual number to the control panel and, accordingly, its coordinate becomes known on the operator's control panel. Special software, using simple geometric calculations, determines the azimuth to the sensor location point and elevation angle. The rotary device rotates in the specified azimuth and elevation. In the field of view of the heat / video cameras, there is the ZO of the sensor that transmitted the alarm. The speed of the complex is enough to prevent the “intruder” from moving beyond the frame. If the operator saw an animal in the frame, then the departure of the alarming group at the scene is canceled.

RS-U radio alarms from the Radio Barrier security complex are capable of detecting low flying targets such as a helicopter. In this case, the sensor can independently identify such an intruder and transmit an alarm signal indicating the type of intruder to the operator’s console. Further, everything happens, as in the first example, with the only difference being that the elevation angle of the rotary device is set with an excess above the ground.

To test the performance of the claimed complex was made a prototype with the following technical characteristics.

Thermal imaging camera:

- the detection range of a target such as a car is not less than 9660 m;

- the detection range of a target of the type of man is at least 4365 m;

- spectral range of 8-12 microns;

- video signal format - PAL;

- operating temperature range - from minus 30 to plus 50 ° C.

TV camera:

- detection range of a target like a car - not less than 25600 m;

- the range of detection of a target like a person - not less than 12800 m;

- minimum sensitivity in color mode - 0.03 lux;

- minimum sensitivity in black and white mode - 0.004 lux;

- horizontal field of view - from 11.8 to 0.5 °;

- video signal format - PAL;

- operating temperature range - from minus 30 to plus 50 ° C.

Swivel platform:

- accuracy of guidance of the optical axes, not worse than 0.1 °;

- range of angles of rotation in azimuth - 360 ° (circular rotation);

- range of rotation angles in elevation - 180 ° (+/- 90);

- operating temperature range - from minus 30 to plus 50 ° C;

- RS-485, -422, -232 control interfaces (optional IP Ethernet, radio modem).

Digital video recorder (device for receiving, processing and archiving video information):

- the number of video inputs / video outputs - 4/2;

- format of input and output video signals - PAL, 25 frames / s;

- the amount of memory for video recording, at least - 2 TB, (HDD);

- maximum recording resolution - 720 × 576 pixels;

- recording mode - permanent (upon alarm from sensors or by motion detector or combined);

- operating temperature range - from plus 5 to plus 35 ° C;

- additional functions - USB and network Ethernet ports, control using the "mouse" or keyboard.

Operator Console:

- a laptop with a screen of 17 inches with installed special software.

Software Features:

- control of the rotary device - manual and automatic (according to the target designation commands from the detection and target designation systems) or proportional control of the rotation speed (in manual mode) or automatic scanning of the terrain according to the preset settings;

- control of a thermal imaging camera - POSITIVE / NEGATIVE display modes, two or four times digital zoom, lens focus control;

- control of a television camera - on / off, focus control and field of view (zoom) of the lens.

Claims (1)

A complex of technical monitoring of a protected area, including an operator’s console connected by a communication channel to a video surveillance system, which consists of a mast with a turntable with a video camera and thermal imager, characterized in that the turntable is equipped with a coordinate positioning system that is linked to a local or geographical coordinate system , and the operator’s console is connected by communication channels with security alarm sensors located in the protected area and individually tied It has the same local or geographic coordinates.