RU2540606C2 - Device and method for gas cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to environmental protection and can be used for neutralisation of toxic substances at cleaning of industrial emissions. Proposed device is composed of a wet radiator, vessel and wet membrane. Said radiator has several sections with holes. Said membrane has steam and water discharge holes and those for discharge of water into side borrow. In compliance with this method, cold industrial water diluted with potassium permanganate to concentration of 0.2-0.3% is fed into said radiator. After complete cooling of hot discharge vapours, heavy particles are flushed via membrane into side borrow. The latter is filled with the mix of zeolite-bearing clay and sand at the ratio of 1:1.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher efficiency of cleaning with no extra costs.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to environmental protection and can be used to neutralize toxic harmful products in the purification of industrial emissions.

A device for cleaning harmful emissions, consisting of a container for collecting and openings for the exit of products (patent No. 2191212 from 10.20.2002, IPC C22B 43/00).

The known device has a complex structure containing a filter element made in the form of a column. The washed mercury flows through conical openings from the column into the filter element, followed by a transition to the column with the washing solution, where chemical impurities are further treated.

A device is also known consisting of a vertically mounted cylindrical body with a cooling system for introducing and discharging a cooling medium (patent 2202641, published April 20, 2003 IPC C22B 44/00, F04C 3/04).

However, such a device has several disadvantages:

- the input consists of a tangential nozzle with a nozzle for supplying a working medium mounted on top of the tube body, a diffuser, mounted in the lower part of the body;

- there is an expansion chamber collecting mercury and solid impurities with a discharge pipe, hatch and cover;

- the housing itself is made in the form of a cylinder with an expansion chamber in the lower part.

All these parameters complicate the cleaning system when various gases are emitted from the exhaust pipes of an industrial plant.

A known method of purification of gas emissions, in which waste is mixed into the sorption catalyst mixed with natural zeolite-containing substances glauconite and shungite (patent No. 2233769 from 05.10.2008, IPC V01D 53/00).

The disadvantage of this method is that natural substances are mixed with waste for 3 hours, which greatly complicates the technical solution.

The closest technical solution is the device and method for cleaning up harmful substances, which contains a cylindrical body, inlet and outlet grooves, drain holes for liquid. The discs installed inside have grooves with holes (patent 32373988 dated November 27, 2009, IPC V01D 45/14).

The disadvantage of the technical solution of the prototype is that through permeable porous disks does not provide sufficient purification of the incoming gases. The contaminated gas and liquid sorbent streams during the interaction undergo separation and separate withdrawal of the purified gas and liquid treatment waste, which reduces the efficiency of the method.

The technical result of the claimed object is to simplify the design, increase the efficiency of waste treatment.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that the device contains a cylindrical body, a treatment plant and drain holes for liquids and, unlike the prototype, the treatment plant is made in the form of a wet radiator having several sections with openings, a reservoir and a wet diaphragm with openings for the exit of vapors and water and discharge water in a ditch.

The gas purification method using the device consists in the fact that cold industrial water diluted with potassium permanganate in a concentration of 0.2-0.3% is fed into the radiator, and after the hot waste vapors are completely cooled, heavy particles are washed off through a diaphragm into a cuvette filled a mixture of zeolite-containing clay dialbeculite and sand in a ratio of 1: 1.

The figure shows a device that consists of a treatment plant - 1, a radiator - 2 with holes - 3 and an inlet - 4, a reservoir - 5, a diaphragm - 6, which has openings for vapors - 7 and water - 8, an outlet for emissions - 9 and the ditch - 10.

The device operates as follows.

Through the opening of the treatment plant - 1, hot fumes of exhaust gases exit onto wet radiators - 2, consisting of several sections, each of which has openings - 3. Cold technical water, diluted with potassium permanganate (KMnО ₄ ), enters through the radiator inlet - 4. at a concentration of 0.2-0.3%. The hot vapors entering the radiator - 2 penetrate through the opening - 3, cooling, enter the reservoir - 5 (a distance of at least 5 m between the radiator and the diaphragm), where the fumes are subsequently cooled and trapped by the apertures 7 and 8 of the diaphragm - 6.

After cooling, heavy particles are washed off and discharged into the outlet - 9 and fall into the cell - 10, filled with a mixture of sand and zeolite-containing clay dialbekumite.

Clay dialbekumite (North Ossetian deposit, the floodplain of the Ursdon River - a tributary of the Terek River) contains (%): silicon - 46.5, iron - 7.1, calcium - 3.7, zinc - 1.1, potassium - 1.1 nickel 1.7; phosphorus 1.7; cobalt 0.1.

Due to the high calcium content, the reaction of the clay medium is alkaline (pH 9.1). Dialbekumite contains a noticeable amount of water-soluble salts, approaching in this indicator to low-mineralized silt sulphide mud with high sorption properties. Dialbekumite mixed with sand in equal proportions can subsequently serve as a substrate for plants.

Justification of the selected parameters of 0.2-0.3% concentration of KMnO ₄ also provides for the purification of the exhaust gases and their neutralization.

Therefore, the proposed technical solution allows, without additional costs for filters for cleaning exhaust pipes, to simplify the design while improving the efficiency of cleaning harmful gases.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning gases, containing a cylindrical body, a treatment facility and drain holes for liquid, characterized in that the treatment facility is made in the form of a wet radiator having several sections with openings, a reservoir and a wet diaphragm with two openings for the exit of vapor and water, and dumping water into a ditch. 2. The method of gas purification using the device according to claim 1, characterized in that cold technical water diluted with potassium permanganate in a concentration of 0.2-0.3% is fed into the radiator, and after the hot waste vapors are completely cooled, heavy particles are washed off through the diaphragm in a cuvette filled with a mixture of zeolite-containing clay dialbekulite and sand in a ratio of 1: 1.

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