RU2537892C1 - Vehicle terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, navigation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of navigating, namely to vehicle terminals. The vehicle terminal includes the master microcontroller, antenna GPS/GLONASS, SIM-chip, housing. The housing contains the standby power supply and printed circuit board. The printed circuit board has flash memory, three-axial accelerometer, GPS/GLONASS receiver, power supply control unit, GSM module with antenna, LED indicators, interface unit connection module, slot for installation of SIM-card of mobile communication operator, external power supply module. The output of GPS/GLONASS antenna is connected to the input of GPS/GLONASS receiver. The master microcontroller contains minimum 7 inputs-outputs. SIM-chip and slot for installation of SIM-card are connected to GSM-module. The power control module is connected with the external power supply module and standby power supply module. The acceleration sensor is designed with additional function of determination of acceleration values by three coordinate axes. The standby power supply terminal contains the lithium - polymeric battery.

EFFECT: improvement of reliability of obtaining operating and reliable monitoring information at simultaneous decrease of the sizes of the vehicle terminal.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of navigation, and in particular to systems for determining the location of moving and stationary objects (for example, vehicles) based on the signals of space navigation systems and their monitoring in order to control and track their movement using GPRS communication channels. As the areas of application for the satellite telematics complex, there may be areas for dispatching public, special vehicles, city electric vehicles, railway, water transport, security systems for private vehicles, search systems for stolen vehicles, as well as dispatching aircraft with a flight height of up to 12.000 meters.

The invention is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation N2155684 G08G 25/10 "System for monitoring, information maintenance and protection of the vehicle from unauthorized exposure." The invention relates to security systems of vehicles (TS). Immobilizers are activated via a paging communication network, engines are blocked and beacon-type transmitters are started. Stationary transceivers on a street-road network receive signals from beacon-type transmitters, perform direction finding, measure the signal strength and transmit information to base stations. In the information center associated with base stations and connected to a paging communication network, the coordinates of the vehicle are determined and the number of beacons of the beacon type transmitter for financial calculations is taken into account. It also provides for the reception and processing by the information center of messages from external information sources and the transmission of messages to a geographically distributed network of centers for prompt response to threats and unauthorized acts on protected vehicles. The owner of the vehicle is equipped with a transponder card, on which the secret blocking, beacon and settlement codes are applied, and an identification code is recorded in the digital memory. The latter is remotely read from the card to deactivate the immobilizer and unlock the engine. The system is characterized by a high degree of secrecy, the level of security services and the convenience of their payment.

The disadvantage is the lack of reliability of the system due to the low accuracy of determining the location of the vehicle and the main purpose of this system is protection against unauthorized exposure to the vehicle, and not its monitoring.

The invention is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation N2175920, G08G 25/10. A vehicle safety, navigation and monitoring system that contains consumer equipment, including a navigation receiver with an antenna, operating on the basis of satellite radio navigation systems and providing, among other things, geodetic accuracy in determining the coordinates of objects, a transceiver with an antenna that implements cellular, trunking or satellite radio communication with a control center made with the possibility of differential correction of coordinates of controlled objects and display of their location identification parameters on an electronic map-scheme of the area, an on-board computer containing an interface, a processor, a storage device, an analog-to-digital converter and two digital-to-analog converters, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the input of the audio system and to the first input of the television monitor, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the camera video control, the second output of which is connected through an analog-to-digital converter with the corresponding input of the interface, one of the outputs of which is connected to the control the input of the navigation receiver, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the interface, as well as a set of security sensors, which are used as sensors of unauthorized influence on the protected object, sensors for monitoring environmental parameters and technical parameters of the protected object, a modem that implements depending on the type used radio communications data exchange protocols of cellular, trunking or satellite communication networks, the first input of which is connected to one of the outputs of the interface, and the first output is connected to the input transceiver, the second input of the modem is connected to the corresponding output of the interface, and the second output is connected to the input of the transceiver, as well as a manual data input unit, the output of which is connected to the corresponding input of the interface, one of the outputs of which is connected to the processor, and the other output to the storage device, while the outputs of the processor and storage device are connected to the corresponding inputs of the interface, characterized in that an additional subscriber receiver is included in the composition of the consumer equipment, which is part of the paging communication network general-use transponder card, remote reading unit with antenna, made with the possibility of reading an identification code recorded in the digital memory of the transponder card, on the surface of which are applied protected by a special one-time coating, for example, paint, secret codes that become visually accessible only when the protective coating is erased , as well as an indicator of the operating mode of the security sensors, the first input of which is connected with the first output of the remote reading unit ny, and a node for blocking the functional organs of the protected object, while the interface included in the on-board computer is made with two additional inputs and two additional outputs, the first additional output of the interface is connected to the input of the blocking node of the functional organs of the protected object, the second additional output of the interface is connected to the second the input of the indicator of the operating mode of the security sensors, the first additional input of the interface is connected to the second output of the remote reading unit, and w The second additional input is with the output of the subscriber receiver, the input of which is connected by radio to the operator data transmission unit, which is part of the paging public communication network.

The problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of decision-making at the central control center (central control room) for the management of vehicles (vehicles) with a temporary loss of information, increasing the reliability of unauthorized access to vehicle control systems and reducing power consumption.

The disadvantage is the lack of reliability in obtaining timely and reliable information, because there is no system protection, for example, there is no second SIM card, insufficiently reliable paging communication. This invention is directed to the protection of a vehicle.

The disadvantage of the system is the relatively low reliability of the system, due to:

- a prerequisite for the location of the moving object in the service area of the paging public communications network, otherwise the subscriber receiver will not be able to receive a command from the operator unit of data transmission and, therefore, the consumer equipment will not be controlled;

- a prerequisite for the location of a moving object in the service area of either a cellular, or trunking, satellite, or other communication system, otherwise when security sensors are triggered after unauthorized exposure to the object and the system starts, informational messages containing coordinates of the moving object and video frames will be generated transmitted by the transceiver of the corresponding type of communication, but will not be accepted by the dispatch center in which information is collected and processed, and, accordingly Actually, control and differential coordinate correction messages are transmitted, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of the system;

- the lack of feedback with the owner of a moving object, such as a vehicle.

The impossibility of fulfilling the above conditions is due to the fading and multipath propagation of a radio signal in various conditions, for example, cities with high and low buildings, rural areas, suburban highways.

This drawback is eliminated in systems and complexes using combined reception of signals from satellite radio navigation systems: American - GPS and Russian - GLONASS.

The prior art security system, control and navigation for cars (see US patent for invention US 5504482, publ. 02.04.1996), containing a storage device for storing roadmaps in digital form, a device for entering a destination, a device for generating digital speed and acceleration signals of the vehicle for indicating an emergency situation and an antenna for receiving signals from the satellite radio navigation system GPS and signals carrying information about the traffic stream and transmitting alarm signals. Received signals are converted to digital form. The processing device determines the current location of the car based on GPS signals and signals carrying speed and acceleration information, determines the first route between the current location and destination, and the second route at a high traffic density on the first route, transmits alarms encoded based on the current location if the acceleration of the car is outside the specified limits, and controls the car by electronic means.

The operation of this system is limited to the navigation of a mobile object, while the system does not allow for precise determination of coordinates, monitoring the health of the system’s hardware, collecting and storing information about the consumer’s travel route (logging events).

A known utility model according to the patent of the Russian Federation N63094 G08G 1/123 relates to systems for determining the location of moving objects, in particular to systems for monitoring and controlling the movement of various vehicles, mainly automobiles, and can be used to monitor the condition of moving objects and their movement in real time scale, protection of stationary and mobile objects, as well as environmental monitoring. A system for determining the location of moving objects, containing a GSM modem, GSM antenna, SIM card of a mobile operator, GPS receiver, GPS antenna, controller with non-volatile memory, controller programming port and power supply, integrated accelerometer, motion detector, switchable accelerometer power supply voltage stabilizer, turn-off power supply voltage stabilizer of the GPS receiver, turn-off power supply voltage stabilizer of the GSM modem, photosensitive element and LED status indicator and chemical source current nickname, while the first, second and third outputs of the controller are connected to the control inputs of the accelerometer power supply voltage stabilizer, GPS receiver power supply voltage stabilizer and GSM modem power supply voltage stabilizer, respectively, the fourth controller output is connected to the module status indicator, the chemical current source is connected to to the controller and to the inputs of all three voltage stabilizers, the output of the accelerometer power supply voltage stabilizer is connected to the integrated accelerometer, the first and second information whose outputs are connected to the first and second inputs of the motion detector, and the detector output is connected to the first input of the controller, the output of the voltage regulator of the GPS receiver is connected to the GPS receiver, the serial port of which is connected to the first serial port of the controller, the output of the voltage regulator is GSM- the modem is connected to a GSM modem, the serial port of which is connected to the second serial port of the controller, a GPS antenna is connected to the radio frequency input of the GPS receiver, and to the GSM modem The GSM antenna is turned on, the SIM card is connected to the second serial port of the GSM modem, and a photosensitive element is connected to the second input of the controller. The system for determining the location of moving objects has a photosensitive element, presented in the form of a phototransistor. This element is used in the object to include it, which is not reliable due to the fact that monitoring is not continuous. Moreover, this method of inclusion is not always convenient due to the not always available directional light source. For inclusion, a photosensitive element 14 (phototransistor) is used, which is located behind a translucent closing window in the lower part of the housing, while to turn on the product with pre-installed galvanic cells 6, it is necessary to open the translucent window for a few seconds and turn it to the source of natural light, after which the built-in LED status indicator 5 opposite the translucent window by a certain combination of flashes indicates that the system is in operation.

The disadvantages of this utility model is also the lack of reliability, as There is one SIM card. In addition, this system was used to monitor the status of moving objects and their movement in real time, to protect stationary and moving objects. That is, in this system, correct monitoring of stationary objects is impossible, because The main purpose of the system is different: to achieve high efficiency in use, due to the absence of any time costs for installing and connecting the vehicle, as well as ensuring long-term autonomous operation.

Known satellite telematics complex GLONASS / GPS (GLONASS / GPS designation is equivalent to the designation GPS / GLONASS) using Inmarsat D + / GPRS communication channels according to the patent for PM No. 116259 (05.20.2012), selected as a prototype, containing a satellite telematics terminal, including: GLONASS / GPS antenna (GPS / GLONASS antenna), flash-memory, printed circuit board, housing, slot for installing a SIM card of a mobile operator, input-output of a slot for installing a SIM card is connected to the input-output of a GSM module, three-axis mechanical accelerometer, GPS / GLONASS receiver - nav portable, console port, redundant power supply, external power supply module, control microcontroller, satellite telematics terminal power supply control module, temperature sensor, GSM modem (GSM module) with antenna, SIM card slot input-output connected to input-output GSM-module, a module for connecting interface devices, LED indicators and an Inmarsat D + satellite modem with an antenna, a data collection server, means for providing GPRS-exchange, a telematic server; PC of the dispatch center, while the GLONASS / GPS antenna output is connected to the input of the GLONASS / GPS navigation receiver, the input-output of which is connected to the second input-output of the control microcontroller, the flash input-output is connected to the first input-output of the control microcontroller, the input is the output of the console port is connected to the third input-output of the control microcontroller, the output of a three-axis mechanical accelerometer is connected to the input of the control microcontroller, the output of the temperature sensor is connected to the second input of the control module I power satellite telematic terminal, the first input coupled to an output of the external power supply module and the backup power supply, i.e., the output of the power control module is connected to the outputs of the external power module and the backup power source, the output of the control microcontroller is connected to the input of the LED indicators, the fifth input-output of the control microcontroller is connected to the input-output of the connection module of the interface devices, the sixth input-output of the control microcontroller is connected to the input- the output of the Inmarsat D + satellite modem with an antenna, the seventh input-output of the control microcontroller is connected to the input-output of the GSM modem from the antennas th, the output of the power module of the satellite telematics terminal is connected to all devices included in the satellite telematics terminal, the telematics server is interconnected via the Internet with a data collection server, from a control room PC and via means of providing GPRS exchange with a GSM modem with an antenna, satellite An Inmarsat D + modem with an antenna through communication channels is interconnected through the spacecraft of the Inmarsat D system and the ground interface with the data collection server.

The disadvantage of this complex is that the body of the terminal of the vehicle is not protected from opening, has a large size, less protection against moisture, external connections of antennas and connectors. Monitoring of stationary objects is incomplete in the prototype, because the system turns off during long-term parking in order to save energy.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the reliability of obtaining timely and reliable monitoring information while reducing the size of the terminal of the vehicle.

The technical result is achieved by optimizing the software of the control microcontroller, in aggregate using a set of a certain sequence of electronic elements of the terminal. The control microcontroller software is designed for real-time monitoring and control and operation on the Internet in order to monitor moving objects.

The technical result is achieved in that in the terminal of the vehicle, including a control microcontroller containing at least three inputs / outputs, a GPS / GLONASS antenna, a housing that houses a backup power source and a printed circuit board that contains flash memory, a three-axis accelerometer, GPS / GLONASS receiver, power management module, GSM module with antenna, LED indicators, connection module for interface devices, SIM card slot for a cellular operator, external power supply module I, the GPS / GLONASS antenna output is connected to the input of the GPS / GLONASS receiver, the GSM module input-output is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, the GPS / GLONASS receiver input-output is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, flash input-output - memory with the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, the output of a three-axis accelerometer - with the corresponding input of the control microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of the module for connecting interface devices are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs odes of the control microcontroller, the output of the power control module is connected to the outputs of the external power module and the backup power source, the input of LED indicators is connected to the corresponding output of the control microcontroller, the input-output of the slot for installing a SIM card is connected to the input-output of the GSM module, according to the invention contains a SIM chip, an autopsy sensor, an acceleration sensor is made with an additional function of determining acceleration values along three coordinate axes, the sensor input and output are all rytiya connected to the corresponding input-output control of the microcontroller, the input-output SIM-chip connected to the input-output GSM-module.

In addition, it contains a lithium polymer battery as a backup power source.

In addition, the inputs and outputs of the control microcontroller, GPS / GLONASS antenna, flash memory, three-axis accelerometer, SIM chip, tamper sensor, GPS / GLONASS receiver, backup power supply, external power supply module, power management module, GSM module with antenna and the inputs of the LED indicators are made inside the housing.

In addition, the printed circuit board is multilayer and contains at least four layers.

In addition, the control microcontroller is made with software, with the ability to send data simultaneously to two mutually independent servers.

In addition, the control microcontroller is made with the additional possibility of a self-diagnosis function.

In addition, the housing is sealed and metal.

In addition, the terminal is equipped with a connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information.

Distinctive features of the proposed vehicle terminal in conjunction with the known ones provide increased reliability of obtaining timely and reliable monitoring information while reducing the size of the vehicle terminal.

Due to the presence of the above features, the proposed design meets the criterion of "novelty."

The reliability of the terminal increases, because Its main function is to provide reliable monitoring information. Monitoring is carried out continuously throughout the entire time the terminal (tracker) is used, because used modern electronic components, the GPS / GLONASS module (receiver) and the GSM module have a minimum cold start time.

The GPS / GLONASS module used, for example MGGS2217, is a measuring tool and with high accuracy determines the current location coordinates.

The terminal further comprises a SIM chip. Since the SIM chip is 8 times smaller than the SIM card, the size of the end device is reduced. Since the SIM chip as an electronic component is soldered directly (rigidly installed) directly onto the printed circuit board, there are no additional electrical connection-contacts. This eliminates the additional electrical resistance and eliminates the possibility of oxidation of the contacts, which increases the reliability of the terminal (navigator).

Introduction of the tamper sensor leads to the fact that when the device is opened, the terminal itself sends a signal to the collection server for transmitting telematic information (the operator immediately sees this in real time - the information is monitored and reliable) if the driver himself violated the integrity of the terminal.

When power is supplied to the terminal, the main modules of the terminal, such as GPS / GLONASS and GSM-module, are launched. The GSM module polls the SIM chip and tunes to the binary GSM channel.

The control microcontroller receives signals from satellites through the GPS / GLONASS antenna and calculates its location - forms a packet. Next, the control microcontroller receives signals from the GSM module that it is ready for operation. The generated telematics information package is transmitted via the GSM module to the server for receiving and processing telematics information. In the absence of a GPRS channel, switching to the SIM card takes place.

If the contacts between the installed SIM card and the terminal are oxidized, which led to a disruption in the signal transmission between them, then an automatic switch to the SIM chip will take place, which is firmly soldered directly to the board without additional connections. This leads to increased reliability compared to the prototype.

The prototype uses a SIM-holder: an electronic component in which a SIM card is fixed, which provides a relatively weak mount compared to a SIM chip, i.e. The SIM card may fall out, the contacts may oxidize, which leads to a decrease in reliability. The SIM-holder contacts are deformed at temperature extremes and at low and high static temperatures.

After opening the case, a message is sent to the monitoring program, but it will not be reliable if there is no SIM chip. The SIM chip is part of the tamper evident logic circuit. This logical circuit consists of a photosensitive element, for example a photoresistor soldered to a terminal board (measures the amount of light), a microcontroller with special software (generates a signal), a SIM chip (registers in the GSM network), a GSM module and an antenna (sends message to the monitoring system server). Through the monitoring system, the user receives an autopsy message. At the time of opening the light enters the photoresistor, its resistance changes, as a result of which the voltage supplied to the input of the control microcontroller changes. Then the signal is processed by the terminal software, which generates a message to the server about the opening of the case, which will be sent via GSM communication (the most common communication standard), which is directly the main function of the SIM chip. GSM-communication supports short text messages (ShortMessageService), with the help of which remote configuration and verification of terminals is carried out. The same communication transmits voice information. The GSM standard uses GMSK modulation. Also in the GSM network is present - handover is the process of transferring a subscriber's session from one base station to another. Thanks to the above, the process of transmitting and monitoring data from a photoresistor occurs without disruption or loss of service. With a inserted and working SIM card or SIM chip, the probability of sending a message is high, but it is much easier to disconnect from a device working on SIM cards than with a device working on a SIM chip. It is thanks to the presence of the SIM chip in the block diagram, and not just the introduction of the SIM chip, but the rigid installation on the printed circuit board (soldering it), as well as the connection of the SIM chip input-output with the GSM module input-output, which increases the reliability of sending real-time autopsy messages.

When using a SIM card instead of a SIM chip (for example, two SIM cards), the second SIM card will not be able to provide increased reliability due to the ease of removing it from the board, which reduces the time it takes to send a message. That is, it is likely, even with a second SIM card, that there may simply not be enough time to send a message to the server, which would lead to an interruption in communication with the server.

As in the prototype, the use of a mechanical three-axis accelerometer built into the terminal allows, independently of the signals of the GPS / GLONASS navigation receiver, to determine the presence or absence of movement of the tracked object. Thus, due to this property of a mechanical three-axis accelerometer, in the case of prolonged immobility of the tracked object, the GPS / GLONASS navigation receiver activates the parking mode to save energy. Also, unlike the prototype, thanks to software with a control microcontroller, which contains the logic for determining the acceleration values on three axes, the accelerometer additionally performs the function of a sensor for detecting an accident or rollover of a vehicle, and also determines acceleration values on three axes, which allows you to track the driver’s driving style . Thus, by optimizing the software of the control microcontroller and connecting the output of the three-axis accelerometer with the corresponding input of the control microcontroller, the reliability of the obtained operational, reliable monitoring information and more complete, unlike the prototype, is increased.

In the particular case of execution, a lithium-polymer battery is included as a backup power source, antenna, power, sensor connections, inputs and outputs are made inside the device case, the device circuit board is multilayer and contains, for example, four layers, the control microcontroller is made with software, with the ability to send data simultaneously to two mutually independent servers, the control microcontroller is made with the additional possibility of a self-diagnosis function, the terminal is equipped with a metal case, equipped with a slot for installing a SIM card of an alternative cellular operator, a connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information, which, in turn, also improves the reliability of the terminal while reducing the size of the terminal.

A rechargeable battery is installed inside the terminal, allowing autonomously continue to transmit information even in the absence of external power. As a backup power source, the vehicle terminal contains a lithium-polymer battery, which is equipped with a short circuit protection system (microcircuit). If a short circuit occurs between the supply battery and the terminal, the battery protection circuit eliminates the presence of short circuit currents, as disconnects the battery from the failed circuit, which, in turn, eliminates the possibility of shorting the battery and terminal.

All electrical connections between peripheral devices, such as fuel level sensors, passenger flow sensors, antennas, and the device’s power connector, are made inside the terminal housing, which eliminates moisture and dust from entering electrical connections, which increases the reliability of the terminal.

Sealed cable glands are also used, also eliminating the ingress of moisture and dust, which eliminates the possibility of violating the normal mode of operation - its failure. For example, when tightening the input, the internal components are sealed. When turning the head on the body, for example, an internal valve, a rubber ring is tightened. In the prototype, all the connections are on the surface of the housing, which reduces the reliability, because the connections on the surface of the case can easily be damaged without subsequently violating the integrity of the complex: the terminal (tracker) and antenna. For example, in the prototype, you can easily unscrew the antenna or disconnect the power connector. In addition, the terminal of the vehicle contains a sealed metal case, which increases the reliability of its operation.

The implementation of a multilayer printed circuit board, and in addition, containing at least four layers, significantly reduces the size of the terminal board, which, in turn, greatly simplifies the hidden installation and monitoring of the terminal, which together with the optimization of the control microcontroller software increases the reliability of monitoring, because . a smaller object is harder to detect and damage.

By optimizing the software (firmware) of the microcontroller, in contrast to the prototype, the angle of change in the direction of movement of the vehicle on which the terminal is installed is monitored. When committing the change, the next message is formed and sent to the server for collecting and processing telematic information, the height is also monitored. The optimum angle was chosen (obtained experimentally, at which changes in the direction of movement are recorded and data on the current location of the vehicle are recorded in order to further transmit coordinates to the server for collecting and processing telematics information, which increases the reliability and reliability of monitoring the distance traveled by the vehicle. this angle can be adjusted depending on the task, the time interval between sent messages depends on about, the vehicle is at rest (maximum time between messages) or moving (the minimum time between messages), this objective is achieved by collecting information from the acceleration sensor. Interaction of the acceleration sensor and the control of the microcontroller is controlled by the program (firmware).

Optimization of the software (firmware) of the control microcontroller provides flexible control (messages can be sent even every 20 seconds) over the monitoring level due to the possibility of setting the interval between messages during movement and parking, which increases the reliability of the information received.

The prototype uses an intermediate server - data collection and ground interface station, which increases the time of collection and incoming processing information and reduces the reliability of the system while increasing the size of the terminal, unlike the invention, because the more elements in the system (i.e. two intermediate links in the prototype), the greater the likelihood that some element may malfunction. For example, when a signal is transmitted when a gateway fails, the information will not reach the end user.

When sending a message, if there is no response from the server about the receipt of the transmitted message, the navigation terminal will retry the transmission until it confirms the receipt of packets from the server, which increases the reliability of the terminal. The combination of the component base and the terminal software package ensures the transfer of information without data loss, it is additionally possible to send data simultaneously to two servers (if one server fails, we transfer information to the second server), which increases the reliability of the terminal.

In the prototype, it is impossible to send messages to two servers, since there is no special optimized control microcontroller software for transferring to two servers. In contrast to the invention, in the prototype one telematics server is responsible for the assembly, the second server is responsible for data processing.

When transmitting data in the present invention to a second telematics server, the transmission is direct without the use of intermediate stages, which makes the two servers mutually independent. Also, optimized control microcontroller software allows remote firmware upgrade (Firmware refers to the contents of the non-volatile memory of a computer or any digital computing device of a calculator, cell phone, GPS navigator, etc., which contains its firmware) of the terminal via a remote server (server for firmware updates - is not a server for collecting and processing telematic information). All of the above leads to an increase in the reliability of the system. The firmware can be implemented in two ways: through the server and directly. If the firmware is through the server, then through SMS commands, through the Web interface and automatically. If the firmware is direct, then directly by connecting the programmer to the terminal.

A SIM card is introduced in the circuit, which serves to ensure that if the GPRS channel of the installed SIM chip is not supported in this region (weak signal from the operator’s cellular network), an additional SIM card slot is provided for any of the operators in the Russian Federation and CIS countries . It is possible to install any SIM-cards (any country), which increases the reliability of information transfer.

Unlike the prototype, thanks to the software of the control microcontroller, a continuous survey of systems is conducted: GSM, GPS / GLONASS modules, as well as the status of the connection to the telematic server. In the absence of a signal to the GPS / GLONASS receiver, the GSM-module is not registered in the network, the control microcontroller restarts the corresponding module, that is, it performs the self-diagnosis function, which increases the reliability of the terminal compared to the prototype, in which the software, together with other features, does not provide such functions. There is also a device, such as a supervisor, that analyzes the operation of the control microcontroller. In case of a malfunctioning control microcontroller, the supervisor reloads it.

Unlike the prototype, the introduction of a connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information leads to the possibility of voice communication with the driver with the function of an outgoing call by the signal of one of the inputs of the terminal, which increases the reliability of monitoring.

In the terminal, the claimed combination of features of the invention provides the possibility of: determining the voltage and serviceability of the vehicle’s onboard network, connecting and processing data from the CAN bus (with an expansion card), installation on city electric vehicles, railway and water transport, as well as on aircraft with flight altitude up to 12,000 meters.

The vehicle’s terminal (tracker) functions are: determining and transmitting to the server the geographical coordinates, vehicle speed and course, receiving, processing and transmitting signals from digital, discrete and analog sensors to the server, registering information on the occurrence of one or several events in the system: start of movement; course change by a predetermined amount; over speed; increase the distance traveled by a given amount; change in status of inputs; receiving data from a user port or CAN bus; triggering of the timer for sending regular messages when parking or moving, pressing the panic button; registration of entry / exit to / from the geofence; departure from the route; generation of automatic notifications to users about the occurrence of one or several events via SMS, e-mail or pop-up windows, generation of a task upon the occurrence of any of the events (one or several), transmission of any configuration command to the tracker; activation or deactivation of the control outputs of the tracker; automatic generation and transfer to users of private information (for example, by fuel level); changing access rights to an object; alarm activation, etc.

The vehicle’s terminal provides: transmission of telematics data to the server via GPRS communication channels using TCP / IP protocol, automatic switching of data transmission to the channel of an alternative cellular operator when working in various GSM network coverage areas (up to 2 operators, remote control of the facility’s systems with using the commands provided from the telematics server, the ability to connect to the vehicle’s CAN bus (with an expansion card), ensuring uninterrupted autonomous power supply up to 6 hours in with a backup power source, control of a charge of self-contained power with a capacity of 700 mAh, providing two-way loud-speaking communication between the driver and the dispatcher, support for RS-232, RS-485 interfaces, providing recording of up to 300,000 events in volatile non-volatile memory: “black box” (recording type - stack), protection against power surges up to 90 V, installation of a power capacitor with stabilizer function, protection against power surges, polarity reversal and short circuit), the presence of a buzzer with functions for transmitting a signal to the driver and emergency alarm.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated in figure 1, which shows a structural diagram of the terminal, where:

1 - control microcontroller

2 - GPS / GLONASS receiver

3 - GPS / GLONASS antenna

4 - flash memory

5 - GSM module

6 - antenna

7 - SIM chip

8 - slot for installing a SIM card

9- three-axis accelerometer

10 - tamper sensor

11 - LED indicators

12 - interface device connection module

13 - power management module

14 - redundant power supply

15 - external power supply module

16 - printed circuit board

17 - case

The connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information is connected to the connection module of the interface devices 12, not shown in the diagram. The connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information is designed to transmit voice information. At a particular moment, any operator can talk with the driver, i.e. two-way communication is provided, which increases the reliability of monitoring.

A backup power supply 15 and a printed circuit board 16 are located in the housing 17, on which flash memory 4, a three-axis accelerometer 9, a GPS / GLONASS 2 receiver, a power management module 13, a GSM module 5 with an antenna 6, LED indicators 11, a connection module are located for interface devices 12, a slot for installing a SIM card 8 of a cellular operator, an external power supply module 15.

In this case, the GSM-module 5 is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller 1, the GPS / GLONASS 2 receiver is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller 1, the input-output of the flash memory 4 with the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller 1, the output of the three-axis accelerometer 9 - with the corresponding input of the control microcontroller 1, the input-output of the SIM chip 7 is connected to the input-output of the GSM module 5, the external power supply module 15 and the backup power supply 14 are connected to the power supply control module m 13. The output of the GPS / GLONASS 3 antenna is connected to the input of the GPS / GLONASS 2 receiver, the input-output of which is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller 1, the inputs and outputs of the connection module of the interface devices 15 are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the control microcontroller 1, the input of the LED indicators 11 is connected to the corresponding output of the control microcontroller 1, the input-output of the tamper sensor 10 is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller 1, the input-output of the SIM chip 7 is connected ene with input-output of GSM-module 5, the input-output slots for SIM-card 8 connected to the input-output module GSM-5.

The output of the power management module 13 of the terminal is connected to all components of the terminal located on the printed circuit board 16.

The operating principle of the claimed terminal is based on the use of the principle of determining the location of a moving object from signals from space navigation systems (GPS) GPS / GLONASS.

When supplying voltage to the terminal, the control microcontroller 1 of the GPS / GLONASS 2 receiver, GSM module 5 with antenna 6, for example, a GSM antenna, for a better signal, three-axis accelerometer 9, SIM chip 7, and tamper sensor 10 are turned on.

The signals emitted by the SSC are received by the GPS / GLONASS 3 antenna. From the GPS / GLONASS 3 antenna output, the amplified and filtered signal is fed to the input of the GPS / GLONASS 2 navigation receiver, in which signals are received, converted, processed from navigation spacecraft (NSC) and delivery of the results of solving the navigation problem - navigation parameters (time, coordinates, ground speed vector) of the moving object. From the output of the GPS / GLONASS 2 navigation receiver, the navigation parameters are fed to the input of the control microcontroller 1 and further:

- through the GSM module 5 with antenna 6, through the GPRS communication technology, the data is transmitted to the telematics server 9 in the diagram is not indicated;

- to flash-memory 4 (in the absence of communication with the telematic server).

The built-in three-axis accelerometer 9 registers parameters along three axes with the function of a sensor for beginning / end of movement, sudden acceleration / stop, accident, lifting, tilting and tipping.

The remote control function (individual commands) is carried out by means of SMS, GPRS commands due to the combination of the component base and the terminal software package. For example, to receive a message about the current status from any cell phone, a command of an established pattern is sent, including an access password and a request for terminal status. This command is received by the terminal via the GSM module 5 and transmitted to the control microcontroller 1, then it is processed and starts the self-diagnosis process: the GPS / GLONASS 2 receiver, the module for connecting interface devices 12, for example, RS-485 and RS-232 interface microcircuits, are diagnosed. Further, the received information is processed by the control microcontroller 1, a message is generated and, using the GSM module 5, it is transmitted to the subscriber number of the SIM card from the requesting terminal. Upon receipt of a message, the operator analyzes the information and decides whether to send an additional message, for example, a reboot, a complete reset or update (firmware) of the software package.

Simultaneously with the operation of the GPS / GLONASS 2 navigation receiver, when supplying voltage to the satellite telematics terminal, the GSM module 5 is turned on and initialized with antenna 6 and registered in the GSM network.

If communication with a telematics server via GSM channels of one of the operators could not be established, an alternative operator switches to the GSM channel. If the GSM channel of the backup operator is also unavailable, then there is an accumulation of 2 navigation parameters received from the GPS / GLONASS receiver in the internal flash-memory 4. When the GSM channel resumes operation, the accumulated navigation parameters about the state of the vehicle are transferred to the telematics server.

Using the SIM chip 7 and the SIM card of various telecom operators allows you to expand the coverage area of GSM communications needed to transfer this data from the terminal to the telematics server.

In case of disconnection of the external power supply, the power management module 13 switches the power of the main electronic components of the terminal from the external power supply module 15 to the power supply from the backup power supply 14 built into the housing 17, which can be used as a lithium-polymer battery.

The use of a lithium-polymer battery 14 as a backup power source allows the terminal to continue to operate for at least six hours from the moment the external power supply module was turned off 15. It also allows you to track and respond in time to the loss of external power without losing navigation data and vehicle status data .

When opening the terminal case 17, the voltage at the tamper sensor 10 changes and this signal from the output of the tamper sensor 10 is fed to the input of the control microcontroller 1. Next, in the control microcontroller 1, on the basis of the received signal, a message packet is formed, which is then transmitted via GSM module 5 to telematic server.

The transmission of navigation parameters about the state of the vehicle to the telematics server can occur in one of the following modes:

- the mode of regular sending of navigation parameters about the movement of a moving object with a certain frequency;

- the mode of sending navigation parameters and sensor parameters upon the completion of a certain event;

- automatic transmission of navigation parameters about the movement of a moving object from flash-memory 4 of the "black box".

- combined transmission mode, in which priority is given to the transmission of the navigation parameters from the flash-memory 4, but the actual data is transmitted in an extraordinary order every 7.5 minutes.

The operation of the device is carried out by quickly collecting information about the current location, movement of the vehicle using global satellite positioning technology, namely the GLONASS, GPS navigation system. Parameters are processed and transmitted to the data collection server using special packets using the GPRS channel using the built-in subscriber radio station of the GSM 900/1800 standard. The terminal is designed to work in any monitoring system that supports the STD8 data exchange protocol.

Claims (8)

1. Vehicle terminal, including a control microcontroller containing at least seven inputs / outputs, a GPS / GLONASS antenna, a housing that houses a backup power source and a printed circuit board that contains flash memory, a three-axis accelerometer, a GPS / GLONASS receiver, power management module, GSM module with antenna, LED indicators, connection module for interface devices, SIM card slot for a cellular operator, external power module in the housing, GPS / GLONASS antenna output n with the input of the GPS / GLONASS receiver, the input-output of the GSM module is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, the GPS / GLONASS receiver is connected to the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, flash-memory input-output with the corresponding input-output of the control microcontroller, the output of the three-axis accelerometer - with the corresponding input of the control microcontroller, the inputs and outputs of the interface device connection module are connected to the corresponding inputs and outputs of the control microcontroller, mode output For power management, it is connected to the outputs of the external power supply module and the backup power supply, the input of LED indicators is connected to the corresponding output of the control microcontroller, the input-output of the SIM card slot is connected to the input-output of the GSM module, characterized in that it additionally contains a SIM chip, tamper sensor, acceleration sensor is made with an additional function of determining acceleration values along three coordinate axes, the tamper sensor input-output is connected to the corresponding by the way-out of the control microcontroller, the input-output of the SIM chip is connected to the input-output of the GSM module. 2. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that as a backup power source contains a lithium polymer battery. 3. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the inputs and outputs of the control microcontroller, GPS / GLONASS antenna, flash memory, three-axis accelerometer, SIM chip, tamper sensor, GPS / GLONASS receiver, backup power source, external power supply module, power management module, GSM module with antenna and LED inputs are made inside the case. 4. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the printed circuit board is multilayer and contains at least four layers. 5. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the control microcontroller is made with software, with the ability to send data simultaneously to two mutually independent servers. 6. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the control microcontroller is made with the additional possibility of a self-diagnosis function. 7. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is sealed and metal.      8. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a connector for connecting devices for input and output of voice information.