RU2504081C1 - Method for messaging in packet transmission digital radio communication networks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: relay on a mast or flying carrier platform is raised to the required height. Mutual synchronisation of all objects involved in communication is performed after turning on the equipment and a single address known to all radio network members is provided. Communication network subscribers are fitted with global navigation satellite system signal receivers, data from which are used to determine location and form a single exact time scale. A temporary access technique is used for communication. Communication directions are separated using algorithmic temporary access to the radio network, where the address of the called party is the slot number assigned to that party, and said slot number can be assigned to new user equipment after the communication session.

EFFECT: reducing the allocated frequency resource and high security of transmitted information.

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Description

The invention relates to radio communication networks with packet information transmission. The method can be used in automated digital radio communication networks with packet information transfer.

A known method of messaging in radio communication systems, implemented in the system [1], which consists in the fact that subscribers carry out information exchange through the base station on dedicated working channels from a common frequency resource.

The disadvantage of this method of mobile radio communication is the requirement for a significant frequency resource. This is because the division of the total frequency resource into separate channels is carried out by frequency, and the total number of channels formed in this way, and therefore the number of subscribers who can simultaneously exchange information in the system, is limited by the width of the allowed frequency interval.

A known method of transmitting and receiving information with code channel multiplexing, in which two subscribers carry out information exchange through the base station in duplex mode [2]. In this method, the efficiency of using the frequency band is higher than in a radio communication system [1], since the total time-frequency resource of bandwidth is divided into channels by codes and the total number of communication channels formed in this case, and therefore the number of subscribers that can simultaneously conduct information exchange, more than in the previously considered system.

The disadvantage of the method of transmitting and receiving information with code channel multiplexing is nevertheless a relatively low frequency resource utilization factor, since four communication channels are simultaneously used to provide information exchange between two mobile subscribers.

A known method of messaging in digital mobile radio networks with packet information [3]. With this method, at each subscriber station included in the digital radio communications network, their own information packets are formed, including address and information parts. The informational parts of their own information packets are stored at each subscriber station and these information packets are transmitted to the relay. On the repeater receive information packets, identify them, and then select the address and information parts of the packets. A code packet and a single code packet are generated by concatenating the code packet and the address parts of its own information packets, transmit it, and after receiving a single code packet at the subscriber station, the address part and the code packet are extracted from it. Then, the information part of the own information packet is extracted from the code packet using the information part previously stored at this subscriber station, the previously stored information part of the own information packets is erased, after which the above steps are repeated. The known prototype method partially eliminates the disadvantage of analogues relating to the low utilization of the frequency resource of radio communication networks, which is due to the smaller number of simultaneously used communication channels between the corresponding subscriber stations. This allows you to increase the total number of channels in comparison with the known methods of transmitting and receiving information with code compression of signals and, therefore, increase the number of subscribers who can simultaneously exchange information.

The disadvantage of the analogue method is the insufficiently efficient use of the frequency resource of the base station in the formation of communication channels. This is explained by the fact that for communication in digital radio communication networks with packet information between two subscriber stations, three communication channels are simultaneously used: one direct communication channel from the base station to two subscriber stations and two feedback channels from subscriber stations to the base.

Closest in technical essence to the claimed one is a method of messaging in digital radio networks of decameter band with packet information transmission [4], which is adopted as a prototype. It consists in the fact that at each subscriber station (AS) they form their own information packages, including address and information parts, included in the digital radio communication network. Remember these information parts of their own information packets at each subscriber station. Own information packets are transmitted to the repeater, where they are identified, then the address and information parts of their own information packets are extracted, a code packet and a single code packet are formed by concatenating the code packet and address parts of their own information packets, broadcast it. After receiving a single code packet at the subscriber station, the address part and the code packet are extracted from it, then the information part of the own information packet is extracted from the code packet using the information part of the previous packet previously stored at this subscriber station. Then, the previously stored information part of their own information packets is erased. In the process of exchanging data, the above steps are repeated. Previously, a group information stream is transmitted from the repeater, it is received at each subscriber station, where a free time channel corresponding to the frequency radio channel with multiple access to the relay is allocated from it. After allocation of the address and information parts of their own information packets on the repeater, they are stored for a while until they receive their own information packet to the address of one of the correspondents, and the code packet is formed by modulo summation of the two selected information parts of their own information packets of interacting correspondents. Then form a temporary group stream, in each time channel of which a single code packet of interacting subscriber stations is presented.

The disadvantages of the prototype include:

the number of subscriber stations served by the repeater is limited by the allocated frequency resource, which is especially small in the decameter range;

low degree of protection of information transmitted via radio channels;

when exchanging data in the decameter range, there are so-called "dead zones", in which there is practically no communication;

if there is an error in the received message even in one character due to the lack of detection and correction of errors with the encryption method proposed in the prototype, it will be practically impossible to restore the transmitted information;

the data rate in the decameter range is low - up to 9.6 kbit / s [19] and is limited by the parameters of the radio channel.

The technical result is to reduce the allocated frequency resource for organizing data exchange and increasing the degree of protection of transmitted information.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of exchanging messages in digital radio communication networks with packet information transfer, which consists in transmitting a group information stream from a relay, receiving it at each subscriber station, where a time channel for multiple access is allocated from it, then at each subscriber station included in the digital radio communication network, their own information packets are formed, including address and information parts, and on their basis they form a code packet, remember information parts of their own information packets are transmitted at each subscriber station, code information packets are transmitted, they are received on a relay where they are identified, then the address and information parts of their own information packets are extracted, a new code packet is formed by concatenating the received information part and a new address part, transmit it to the corresponding subscriber stations, and after receiving the code packet at the subscriber station, the address part and the information part of it are allocated information packet, after the address and information parts of their own information packets are allocated on the repeater, they are stored for a while until a new own information packet is received to the address of the corresponding correspondent, and after the code packet is formed, a group information stream is formed, after which the above steps are repeated, additionally until inclusions to all known subscriber stations are assigned addresses, and to those that appear again, they are free or freed up during work, a platform with the repeater is raised to a predetermined height to ensure a given communication zone, in the repeater and subscriber stations, after turning on the equipment, they synchronize all objects using signals from the output of the respective receivers of global navigation satellite systems, the data of which are also used to determine the location of objects and form a single scale on them time, using the scale of a single exact time on the repeater form on one working frequency a frame - group and formation stream, in the zero slot of which a marker is transmitted and slots are allocated for receiving / transmitting data from each (for each) known subscriber station in accordance with the assigned address in the channels of direct visibility and horizontal communication, the time interval of data transmission is determined by the marker on the subscriber station the corresponding subscriber station directly (in conditions of direct visibility) or through a relay (for horizontal communication), as well as the time interval for receiving messages from the calling subscriber station or relay RA, the location of the repeater and the called subscriber stations is stored in the repeater according to the received traffic parameters from them, on the repeater taking into account local objects on the electronic map of the area, the line of sight between the subscriber stations wishing to exchange data is calculated, if it is absent, they provide communication between them in the following frames, through the over-the-horizon communication channel of the repeater, data is exchanged between subscriber stations both according to the principle of “each with each”, and through repeater, in case of receiving an error message, the called subscriber station sends the appropriate receipt and the calling subscriber station transmits the stored information again, control the authenticity of this exchange at the remote control and monitoring workstation, and for bidirectional broadcast of the codograms along the subscriber-relay station circuits, use one frequency and temporary access to the radio network, by the quality of information transmission on the relay control the performance of subscriber stations and the channel communication, if necessary, from the database of the workstation of remote control and control select and send to the desired address the appropriate message, correcting the operation of this subscriber station, upon receipt of the message “End of communication” on the repeater from the subscriber, prepare an empty slot for the new subscriber station.

Comparative analysis with the prototype and analogues shows that the proposed method is characterized by the presence of a new set of essential features - new operations, in particular:

- assignment of addresses to subscriber stations, and to those that reappear — free or vacant during work;

- a platform with a repeater is raised to a predetermined height to provide a given communication zone;

- in the repeater and subscriber stations, after the equipment is turned on, they synchronize all objects using signals from the output of the respective receivers of global navigation satellite systems, the data of which are also used to determine the location of objects and form a single accurate time scale on them;

- using a single accurate time scale, a frame is formed on the same frequency on the repeater — a group information stream, in the zero slot of which transmit markers and allocate slots for receiving / transmitting data from each (each) known subscriber station in accordance with the assigned address in the direct channels visibility and trans-horizon communication (using a repeater);

- the marker at the subscriber station determines the time interval for transmitting data to the corresponding subscriber station directly (in direct visibility) or through the repeater, as well as the time interval for receiving messages from the calling subscriber station or repeater;

- the location of the called subscriber stations and the repeater is stored in the repeater according to messages received from them about their location and taking into account the motion parameters received directly from the output of the corresponding receiver of global navigation satellite systems, the line of sight between subscriber stations wishing to exchange data is calculated, when absence provide communication between them in the following frames through the channel of the horizontal communication of the repeater;

- provide data exchange between subscriber stations both on the principle of “each with each”, and through a relay;

- control the reliability of this exchange on the repeater, and for bi-directional broadcast of the codograms along the chain "subscriber-relay stations" use one frequency and temporary access to the radio network;

- according to the quality of information transmission on the repeater, the operability of subscriber stations is controlled and, if necessary, a corresponding message is selected and transmitted to the required address from the database of the repeater, which corrects the functioning of this subscriber station;

- upon receipt of the message “End of communication” on the repeater from the subscriber, a vacant slot for a new subscriber station is prepared.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that in the known sources of information there are no analogs characterized by a combination of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution. Thus, the claimed method meets the criterion of "Novelty."

Comparison of the proposed method with the prototype and other analogues shows that part of the newly introduced operations in other combinations are known to specialists in this field of technology, which are shown by the links to the scientific and technical literature.

The search results for known solutions in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the claimed object from the prototype showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art [5-17]. This method differs significantly from the prototype and known analogues in the art, obviously does not follow from the prior art, therefore, has an inventive step. The inventive method can be implemented using existing serial devices used in radio communications, computer technology, and is industrially applicable.

The claimed method is illustrated by drawings:

Figure 1 - Block diagram of the communication organization algorithm in the claimed method. The sequence of operations in the algorithm:

1 _{1,2,3 ..., N} - are assigned to subscriber stations (AC) with numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., N and to the address relay, and to newly appeared ACs - addresses that are free or vacant during operation;

2 _{1,2,3 ..., N} - are carried out in the repeater and speakers with numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., N after turning on the equipment, mutual synchronization of all objects using signals from the output of the respective receivers of global navigation satellite systems, the data of which are also used for determining the location of objects and the formation on them of a single accurate time scale;

3 - raise the platform with the repeater "P" to a height to ensure a given communication zone;

4 _{1,2,3, ..., 4p} - determine the location of the speakers with the numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., N and the relay;

5 - form using a single accurate time scale on a repeater at one frequency a frame - a group information stream, in the zero slot of which transmit markers, and select the slots for receiving / transmitting data from each (each) known speaker in accordance with the assigned address in the channels line of sight and horizontal communication;

6 _{1,2,3 ..., N} - determine by the marker on each of the speakers with numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., N the time interval for transmitting data to the corresponding speaker directly (in direct visibility) or through a repeater (for horizontal communication) , as well as the time interval for receiving messages from the calling speaker or relay;

7 _{1,2,3, ..., N} - save the location data of the called speakers with numbers 1, 2, 3, ..., N and the repeater according to the messages received from them about their location in the repeater and taking into account the motion parameters received directly from the output an appropriate receiver for global navigation satellite systems;

8 - provide on the repeater the reception of location data from the AS based on which, using the electronic map, taking into account local objects, the line of sight between the AS wishing to exchange data is calculated;

9 ₁ , 9 ₃ - carry out data exchange between speakers in the line of sight according to the principle of "each with each" (an example of data exchange between speakers 1 and 3);

10 - control the reliability of this exchange on the relay and form a request for data repetition in case of an error;

11 ₂ , 11 ₄ - provide data exchange between speakers outside the line of sight through a relay (example of an exchange between speakers 2 and 4);

12 - control the reliability of data exchange between speakers through a relay and form a request for data repetition in case of an error;

13 ₂ , 13 ₄ - form the message “End of communication” on the speakers (example for speakers 2 and 4);

14 _{N + 1} , 14 _{N + 2} , 14 _{N + 3} - receive the message “End of communication” on the repeater from the AS and assign vacant slots for new subscriber stations N + 1, N + 2, N + 3, ... (example of slot assignment 2 and 4, as well as one of the free slots).

Figure 2 is a timing chart illustrating an algorithm for exchanging messages in digital radio communication networks with packet information between AC 1 and 3 located in the line of sight (operations 15 ₁ -16 ₃ ) and AC 2 and 4 outside the line of sight ( operations 17 ₂ -18 _p -19 ₄ ; 20 ₄ -21 _p -22 ₂ (exchange via a relay)); at the bottom of the figure shows the structure of the slot, where it is indicated: ZI - guard intervals in the slot, SPI - proprietary information packets consisting of data on location, sender address, operability.

Figure 3 - Block diagram of a system that implements the inventive method, where the notation is entered: 23 - working area (stable communication zone), 24 - subscriber station, 25 - keyboard, 26 - monitor, 27 - relay, 28 - remote control workstation and control;

Figure 4 - Structural diagram of the repeater 27, where indicated: 27.1 - signal receiver global navigation satellite systems (with antenna); 27.2 - database; 27.3 - processor; 27.4 - receiver; 27.5 - transmitter; 27.6 - cryptographic converter; 27.7 - input / output of the processor “Data input / output”.

Figure 5 - Structural diagram of the workstation 28 of the operator of remote control and monitoring, which indicates: 24 - subscriber station, which includes a receiver 24.1 signals of global navigation satellite systems (with antenna), database 24.2, processor 24.3; receiver 24.4, transmitter 24.5, cryptographic converter 24.6; 24.7 - input / output of data processor "Data input / output".

The proposed method is based on the time-based method of multiple access to the repeater 27, in which one frequency and separate dedicated time channels in a single group stream are used for communication between the AC 24 located in the direct visibility zone, and for communication between the AC 24 located outside the zone line of sight (via relay 27) - the same frequency and separate selected time intervals in a single group stream, and each position of the time interval in the group stream corresponds to an information signal m one correspondent. To separate the directions of information exchange, an algorithmic temporary access to the radio network is used, consisting in the fact that the address of the called correspondent is the slot number assigned to him, which after the end of the communication session can be assigned to a new subscriber station.

The claimed method of messaging in digital radio networks with packet information is implemented in accordance with the block diagram (Figure 1) as follows. At the beginning of operation, the AC 24 and the relay 27 are assigned addresses (operation 1), moreover, the relay 27 and the other most frequently called AC 24 can be assigned several. This provides a unified addressing known to all participants in the exchange of data. After the equipment is turned on, in the relay 27 and the AC, all objects are synchronized (operation 2) using signals from the output of the respective receivers of the global navigation satellite systems, the data of which are also used to determine the location of objects and form a single accurate time scale on them (operation 4). Then, the repeater 27, which performs the functions of the base station, is raised to the required height (step 3), for example, using a serial mast, based on the size of the covered area where the AC 24 is supposed to be, the transmitter power, the sensitivity of the receivers, the duration of continuous operation and other factors. If the mast cannot provide the specified communication zone, then the repeater is installed on the appropriate aircraft carrier platform, for example, an aerostat, an airship, a helicopter or an airplane, with primary power supply via cable cables in the first two cases or using on-board power sources - third and fourth cases. In some cases, for example, a communication satellite can be used as a repeater. The height of the lift is determined in such a way as to ensure stable radio communication with the AC 24 in an area exceeding the size of the working area, taking into account obstacles and elevations in the path of propagation of radio waves. For example, when the repeater is raised to a height of 10 km, the diameter of the communication working zone will be at least 400 km.

After turning on the equipment using timestamps from the output of the receiver of signals of global navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS, a frame is formed on the repeater (step 5) at one frequency to form a group information stream, in the zero slot of which transmit markers, and select slots for reception / data transmission from each (for each) known speaker in accordance with the assigned address in the channels of direct visibility and horizontal communication. The marker on each speaker determines (step 6) the time interval for data transmission in the slot of the called speaker 24 directly (in direct visibility) or through a repeater, as well as the time interval for receiving messages from the calling speaker 24 or relay, and thereby synchronize all objects involved in the exchange of data.

Using signals from the output of the corresponding receiver of global navigation satellite systems at the AS, they generate (step 7) messages about the location and parameters of their movement and, after processing, as part of the information part, broadcast them.

The data on the location and motion parameters of the called AC 24 and directly of the relay 27 received on the repeater 27 with the AC 24 are stored in the memory of the repeater’s computing device and calculated from these data (step 8), taking into account local objects on the electronic map of the area, the distance between the objects and compare it with range of direct (optical) visibility. Local objects, due to the formation of closing angles, limit the line of sight [19]. Based on the calculations, the speakers are determined between which there is direct visibility. Between these speakers, direct data exchange is ensured according to the “each with each” principle (operation 9). In the absence of a line of sight, communication between them is ensured (operation 11) in the following frames (Fig. 2) through the channel of the horizontal communication of the relay 27 (Fig. 3).

The reliability of this exchange is controlled (operation 10) for the first case - on the called AS and for the second case - on the relay 27 (operation 12), respectively. If an error is detected in a received message that is not corrected using known error-correcting codes [7, 14, 19] used in the formation of a code packet, a request is sent for repeating previously transmitted data. The quality of information transmission on the relay 27 control the performance of the AC 24 and communication channels. If necessary, from the database of the repeater, a corresponding message is selected and transmitted to the required address, which corrects the operation of this AS.

When there is no need for communication, an “End of communication” report is generated (step 13) at AC 24 and transmitted to the air. After receiving on the repeater 27 from the AC 24 the message “End of communication”, prepare (operation 14) a vacant slot for the new AC, which is assigned the corresponding number. All newly appeared speakers are assigned free or vacant rooms. Then, operations 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are carried out sequentially and data exchange with new speakers begins.

Consider the possibility of technical implementation of the proposed method on a standard (serial) equipment.

To increase the reliability of receiving information, methods of error-correcting coding and transmission of messages with feedback are used — bidirectional translation (time-division) of the codograms along the “subscriber-relay station” circuit at one operating frequency and temporary access to the radio network. These operations are carried out in processors 24.3 (Figure 5) and 27.3 (Figure 4). The frequency is selected taking into account the presence of a transparency window in this wavelength range, ensuring the required information transfer rate and electromagnetic compatibility with other radio facilities on the relay 27 (Figure 3).

If it is not possible to provide the required communication zone by lifting the repeater 27 on the mast, then an aircraft carrier platform is used. If the duration of the data exchange is exceeded, the maximum possible residence time of the aircraft carrier platform with the repeater 27 will be replaced by the next one, also with the repeater. Before the end of the barrage of the first flying carrier platform, the operation “handoff” (handoffs) is prepared [19]. The relay 27 is entrusted with the functions of controlling data transmission within the working area 23 (FIG. 3) and determining the location of the AC 24. Data transmission and reception between the relay 27 of the main and standby aircraft carrier platforms, as a rule, should not be carried out until the set flight time will end at the necessary (to ensure stable communication) height of the main platform and the changing platform will not enter the route, the new repeater will not establish communication with all AC 24s, which must be confirmed from it by a special by the station, and the processor 24.3 of the subscriber station 24 (FIG. 3), operating as part of the remote control and control workstation 28, will not determine the quality of all channels, for example, from the required signal-to-noise ratios. Relevant receipts and signs describing the performance of these operations are displayed on the monitor screen 26 of the workstation 28 remote control and monitoring.

After these operations are completed, the processor 24.3 of the workstation 28 of the remote control and control initiates the handoffs procedure and establishes a new communication line with the new relay 27, disabling the old one. Both transponders 27 should continue to exchange data with the AC 24 until an indication appears confirming the successful establishment of a new connection. If at the workplace 28 of the remote control and monitoring it is decided that the system parameters are acceptable for communication, the new connection is considered successful. Any subsequent communication on the circuit "subscriber station-relay-subscriber station" is carried out on a new virtual circuit, and the old is temporarily used only for reception almost before landing of the aircraft carrier platform. And such operations continue until the end of the work. The route of the platform barrage is chosen from the condition of ensuring stable radio communication during the flight with all AC 24 in the working area 23, for example, in a circle.

The time of use of each frequency channel is divided into time frames, and each frame is divided into slots (figure 2). Zero frame slot - the marker carries information about the exact system time, the operating frequency for the next frame (if necessary), broadcast information for all AC 24, data input / output rate 24.7 (Figure 5) and other parameters. At the beginning and end of the slot, to prevent overlapping messages from neighboring slots, ZI guard intervals are introduced. The magnitude of the DI in duration is selected to be longer than the time it took for the radio signal to reach the farthest speaker 24 and vice versa, taking into account the delay time in it and the time for listening to the radio carrier on the air on relay 27. The frame duration is determined by the number N of the served speakers 24, the value of the protective intervals, technical data transfer rate, the maximum number of characters allocated to transmit data about the location of the AC 24 and the information entered at the input / output 24.7, For example, if there are 100 subscriber stations, 40 bits allocated for transmitting the latitude and longitude of the AC, 20 bits allocated for transmitting information on the input / output 24.7, the transmission rate of 31.5 kbit / s, typical for the VDL-2 mode in the air traffic control system [19], the frame time taking into account double redundancy due to the use of error-correcting coding, it will be about 0.8 s without taking into account guard intervals. In this case, the amount of information entered into the speaker at the input 24.7 can be estimated as 2 ²⁰ bits. In the relay 27, based on the known own location and the location of all the AC 24, the level of transmitted radio signals to the AC is estimated in order to adapt in power: the closer the AC 24 to the relay 27, the lower the level of the transmitted radio signal.

Consider the process of exchanging data when two AC 24s are in line of sight. At each AS 24 interacting correspondents form their own information packets SPI (Figure 2), including the address and information parts, data on location and availability. The address part of the SPI contains the address of the sender and is a sequence of binary characters in a special format. The recipient address is not required to be transmitted, since the corresponding message is generated in the slot of the called AC 24. In the slot corresponding to the assigned number, the speakers work only on reception. The information part of the SPI is also a sequence of binary symbols of a single format for all AC 24 and the relay 27. After the formation of their own packets of information on the AC 24, the information parts of these packets are stored in the processors 24.3, and the generated SPI through the cryptographic converter 24.6 in the form of a code packet is transmitted using transmitters 24.5 with antennas on a dedicated frequency radio channel in the slot of the called AC 24. A cryptographic converter can be performed, for example, in accordance with zvestna algorithm (GOST 28147-89), intended for data processing systems in computer networks [18]. On the called AC 24 received by the receiver 24.4 and decrypted in the cryptographic converter 24.6, the message after decoding and correction of errors is processed in the processor 27.3, the information intended directly for the AC 24 is stored, the necessary actions are performed by commands. The rest of the information is sent to the input / output 24.7 "Data input / output". To eliminate collisions during data exchange between two speakers directly on the principle of “each with each”, the following procedure is provided: data on confirmation of correct reception is transmitted only in the next frame (figure 2) after receiving the corresponding message. Monitoring the correctness of this operation is provided using the workstation 28 remote control and monitoring. Figure 2 shows an example of the transmission of SPI from the subscriber station number 1 to the subscriber station number 3 (15 ₁ → 16 ₃ ).

The process of exchanging data when two AC 24 is out of line of sight is as follows. The message (STI) of the subscriber station 24 for the relay 27 contains the sender address, information about the location of the AC 24, data on the monitoring of its operability and information received on the input / output 24.7 “Data input / output”. It is packaged in a processor 24.3 in a packet, encrypted in a cryptographic converter 24.6, then in the form of a code packet using a transmitter 24.5 with an antenna, it is transmitted over the air to a relay 27 where all AC 24s in the working area 23 are registered. On the relay 27 received by block 27.4 and decrypted in cryptographic converter 27.6, the message after decoding and correction of errors is distributed in the processor 27.3: the location information of the speakers is used for further processing, reports on the results of the control of the speakers are transmitted to the working There are 28 remote controls for processing in the processor 24.3 and display on the monitor 26, the exchange information is prepared for transmission to the called AC 24 in the corresponding slot (figure 2). If an error is detected during the decoding process during reception, then a request for transmitting the previous message is made from the relay 27. If necessary, at the workplace 28 of the remote control and control, a command is transmitted via the relay 27, for example, using the keyboard 25 or programmatically, requiring urgent action from the corresponding AC 24.

In the opposite direction (from the called AC 24), a message containing the address of the sender, a receipt about the reliable reception of the sent message, information about the location of the AC 24, monitoring its operability and received from the input / output 24.7 “Data input / output” is packed using the processor 24.3 in package. The generated information package to one of the correspondents is served on a cryptographic converter 24.6, constructed, for example, in accordance with the well-known algorithm according to GOST 28147-89, intended for information processing systems in computer networks [18]. This message in the form of a code packet through a transmitter 24.5 with an antenna in the time interval of the corresponding slot of the called AC 24 is transmitted over the air.

The data exchange algorithm on the example of AC 2 and 4 located outside the line of sight is as follows. Entered data at input 24.7 in processor 24.3 with messages about location, status monitoring, and others is encoded, encrypted in a cryptographic converter 24.6, converted into a transmitter 24.5 with antennas, and transmitted to the air (operation 17 ₂ ). Received on the repeater 27, in which it is known from the calculated distance between the correspondents that the speaker with number 4 is out of line of sight from the speaker with number 2, and the packets of information converted from the correspondent with number 2 in the slot number 4 are converted into video signals in the receiver 27.4 and decrypt in the cryptographic converter 27.6, identify in the processor 27.3. Therefore, in the next frame from the relay 27 transmit to the subscriber station 4 in slot 4 (figure 2) a message from the correspondent with number 2 (operation 18 _p ). The message is received (operation 19 ₄ ), evaluated for reliability, decrypted and stored sequentially in the receiver 24.4, cryptographic converter 24.6, processor 24.3. With reliable reception, on the basis of the received estimate and other data in the time interval of the correspondent with number 2 in the processor 24.3, they form their own information packets and encrypt them in the cryptographic converter 24.6. In the next frame in slot 2, a message in the form of a code packet from the correspondent with number 4 using the transmitting device 24.5 with an antenna is broadcast on the radio for speakers with number 2 (operation 20 ₄ ). On the relay 27, the received message is processed similarly to that described above, and in the next frame in slot 2, the AS with number 2 transmit a message from the correspondent with number 4 (operation 21 _p ). At speaker number 2, a message is received and processed (operation 22 ₂ ) in the same way as discussed above. With reliable reception, the procedure for exchanging data between correspondents with numbers 2 and 4 located outside the line of sight, ends.

The appointment of the vacated addresses: Number 2 and Number 4, as well as one of the free addresses shown in figure 1. New newly connected subscriber stations are assigned numbers N + 1, N + 2, N + 3, respectively. After this procedure, the above operations are carried out with new speakers: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7.

During a long break between communication sessions (more than a predetermined time interval), a request is generated on the relay 27 for the status of the corresponding AC 24. Upon the presence of a response receipt transmitted through the relay 27 from the requested AC 24 to the workstation 28 of remote control and monitoring using the above procedure, judge its performance.

The procedure for exchanging data along the “subscriber station-repeater-subscriber station” circuit is similar to the procedure used to organize the operation of several iPad-3G tablet computers [20, 21] through the base station in accordance with the WiFi standard.

When receiving radio signals at the subscriber station 24, which is part of the workplace 28 (Figure 3), after converting the radio signals into video signals, the message is checked for authenticity, decrypted using a cryptographic converter 24.6, and information is transmitted through the processor 24.3 to the monitor screen 26 for visual recording . The workstation 28 remote control and monitoring can be performed on the principle of a portable tablet computer type "iPad" [20, 21], combining a processor, monitor, keyboard, radio communications with the base station, ports for input / output data, GPS- global navigation satellite systems signal receiver with antenna, battery. The cryptographic converter 24.6, as well as 27.6, can be performed programmatically, for example, in accordance with the well-known algorithm according to GOST 28147-89 [18].

On the monitor 26 of the remote control and control workstation 28, according to the messages about their location and motion parameters received through the relay 27 from the AC 24, their location is displayed with reference to the electronic map of the area located in the database 24.2. If necessary, an extrapolated trajectory of the subscriber station is built, the possibility of its falling into the unstable communication zone is assessed, the necessary recommendations (commands) for overcoming the emergency are issued to this AS through relay 27. Emergency signaling AC 24 can be switched on forcibly by the control signal received from the workstation 28 through relay 27.

When the fuel level decreases on aircraft carrier platforms through the equipment of the repeater: 27.7, 27.3, 27.6, 27.5 and workplace 28: 24.4, 24.6, 24.3, 26 inform the operator about the need to lift the next platform into the air. The relay 27 on board the aircraft carrier platform operates in automatic mode. If necessary, the presence on board the aircraft carrier platform of the operator provide the connection to the processor 27.3 keyboard and monitor according to the standard scheme (similar to workstation 28).

The receiver 24.1 (27.1) of the signals of global navigation satellite systems with an antenna is connected to the input / output of the processor 24.3 (27.3). Using high-precision time stamps of the receiver, the processor 24.3 (27.3) provides the formation of all frame slots and two guard intervals in each of the slots. In addition, the receiver is a sensor for the exact location of the AC 24 (relay 27) in real time. The receiver can be implemented on a serial device of the brand "Jupiter" or based on Assisted-GPS technology used in a portable tablet computer such as "iPad" [21].

The monitor 26 and keyboard 25 are designed to generate the necessary control commands and addresses of the called subscriber station 24, as well as to display the received control data and the location of the AC 24 during visual survey. The keyboard 25 and the monitor 26 can be made, for example, on the basis of a portable tablet computer type "iPad".

If there is not enough data in the databases 24.2 and 27.2, entered at the factory, additional parameters are installed in the databases 24.2 and 27.2 through the I / O 24.7 and 27.7 “Data input / output” of the processors 24.3 and 27.3 of the subscriber stations 24 and the relay 27, for example , using one of the portable processors 24.3 with pre-programmed.

The advantages of the proposed method are:

1. To service the speakers in the line of sight and out of it (using the relay of radio signals) requires only one operating frequency.

2. The degree of protection of information transmitted via radio channels through the use of the recommended standard encryption technology is increased by preliminary calculations by two to three orders of magnitude compared with the technology proposed in the prototype.

3. Using a repeater raised to the required height allows you to expand the communication zone and exclude the so-called "dead zones" during data exchange.

4. The data transfer rate through the use of decimeter (centimeter) ranges can be increased by several orders of magnitude with virtually no decrease in the degree of reliability.

5. When the speakers are within line of sight from each other, the opportunity to exchange data on the principle of "each with each" has appeared.

6. Due to the dynamic management of communication resources, it became possible to connect new subscriber stations to the radio network instead of having finished the communication session and to free slots.

7. The introduction of new operations made it possible to solve the problems of monitoring the working communication zone from workplace 28 in the face of uncertainty and the transfer of operational commands to nuclear power plants in emergency situations.

8. The implementation of the method using well-known algorithms and technical solutions has become possible due to the unification of the equipment of subscriber stations, a repeater and a workstation for remote control and monitoring.

At the time of application, developed, functioning algorithms and software fragments of the proposed method.

Literature

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 1474860, cl. HB04 7/26, 1989.

2. Copyright certificate of the Russian Federation No. 20144738, cl. H04J 11/00, 1994.

3. RF patent No. 2185027, IPC 7 Н04В 7/26, 2002.

4. RF patent No. 2229197, IPC 7 Н04В 7/26, 2004 (prototype).

5. Goryacheva TI, Palochkin Yu.P., Kulakov D.S. The principles of construction and the main characteristics of the DKMV data transmission network in the ATN environment. Volume 1. Report at the conference "Cybernetics and Technologies of the 21st Century", Voronezh, 2006. P.383-392.

6. RF patent No. 2286030 C1. M. Cl. HB04 7/26. DKMV system and method for exchanging packet data. Goryacheva T.I., Palochkin Yu.P., Kulakov D.S. BI No. 12, 2006.

7. Appendix 10 to the ICAO Agreements (Volume 3, Part 1, Chapter 11). Geneva. ICAO. 2000.

8. ARINC 634. Specification. HF Data Link System Design Guidance Material. 8/96.

9. ARINC 635-3. Specification. HF Data Link Protocols. 12/2000.

10. Guidelines for DKMV data lines. Geneva. ICAO. 2001.

11. Report from the AD HOC Working Group on HF Data Link. Draft Version 1.0. September 29, 1995.

12. ARINC Characteristics 753-3. HF Data Link System. 2001.

13. MIL-STD-188-141B. Interoperability and performance standards for medium and high frequency radio systems. Department of defense interface standard. 1 march 1999. Superseding MIL-STD-188-141A September 15, 1988. (Interoperability and performance standards for mid-range and high-frequency radio equipment).

14. ARINC 618-5 Specification. Air / Ground character-oriented protocol. 2000.

15. ARINC 753-3 Characteristics. HF Data Link System. 2001.

16. ARINC 631-3 Specification. VHF Digital link implementation provisions. 2000.

17. DO-265. Minimum Performance Standards (MOPS) for the aeronautical mobile high frequency data line (HFDL). RTCA. 2000.

18. GOST 28147. Information processing systems. Cryptographic protection. Algorithm of cryptographic transformation - M .: Publishing house of standards, 1989.

19. B.I. Kuzmin, Digital Telecommunication Networks and Systems, Part 1, ICAO CNS / ATM Concept. Moscow - St. Petersburg: - NIIER OJSC, 1999. - 206 p.

twenty. ? Ipad 3g mg_url = filearchive.cnews.ru

21. file: // localhost / G: / DeepApple • The whole truth about GPS in iPad.mht.

Claims (1)

A method of exchanging messages in digital radio communication networks with packet information transfer, which consists in transmitting a group information stream from a repeater, receiving it at each subscriber station, where a time channel for multi-station access is allocated from it, then at each subscriber station included in the digital a radio communication network, form their own information packets, including address and information parts, and on their basis form a code packet, remember the information parts of their own information packets At each subscriber station, they transmit code information packets, receive them on a repeater, where they are identified, then select the address and information parts of their own information packets, form a new code packet by concatenating the received information part and the new address part, transmit it to the corresponding subscriber station, and after receiving a code packet at a subscriber station, the address part and the information part of its own information packet are extracted from it, after the address and inf are allocated the parts of their own information packets on the repeater remember them for a while until they receive a new own information packet to the address of the corresponding correspondent, and after the code packet is formed, a group information stream is generated, after which the above steps are repeated, characterized in that until all known subscriber stations are turned on they assign addresses, and to those who reappear - free or freed up during work, the platform with the repeater is raised to a predetermined height to ensure a given communication zone, in the repeater and subscriber stations, after switching on the equipment, they synchronize all objects using signals from the respective receivers of global navigation satellite systems, the data of which are also used to determine the location of objects and form a single accurate time scale on them, using a single scale of exact time on the repeater form a frame at one operating frequency - a group information stream, in the zero slot of which I transmit marker and allocate slots for receiving / transmitting data from each / to each known subscriber station in accordance with the assigned address in the channels of direct visibility and horizontal communication, the marker on the subscriber station determines the time interval for transmitting data to the corresponding subscriber station directly - in direct visibility or through a repeater - for horizontal communication, as well as the time interval for receiving messages from a calling subscriber station or repeater, information about the location of the repeater and call subscriber stations are stored in the repeater according to the received messages about the motion parameters, on the repeater, taking into account local objects, the line of sight between the subscriber stations wishing to exchange data is calculated on the electronic terrain map, if it is absent, they provide communication between them in the following frames via the channel over-the-horizon communication of the repeater, exchange data between subscriber stations both on the principle of “each with each”, and through the repeater, in case of receiving a message from The called subscriber station sends the appropriate receipt by the phone and the calling subscriber station transmits the stored information again, checks the authenticity of this exchange at the remote control and monitoring workstation, and for bi-directional transmission of the codograms along the subscriber station-relay circuits, they use one frequency and temporary access to the radio network, on the quality of information transmission on the repeater control the performance of subscriber stations and communication channels, if necessary, from the database the workstation of remote control and monitoring is selected and sent to the required address the corresponding message, correcting the operation of the given subscriber station, upon receipt of the message “End of communication” on the repeater from the subscriber, an empty slot for the new subscriber station is prepared.

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