RU2498400C1 - Associative identifier of events, technological - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: associative Identifier of Events, Technological, implements a circuit of identification of expected design events/conditions of a control system, determined readings of primary sensors of process control, and whenever such occur, it generates alternative design data for direct control of process without application of software and processor resources in asynchronous mode and at the moment of control data arrival, at the same time it includes a multi-layer architecture of an item, organising address-free space of memory and providing for equal and asynchronous access of input information to each layer, in respect to input data, all layers are interconnected memory cells with elements of data comparison and control of recording procedure.

EFFECT: increased indices of reliability, trustworthiness and validity.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of electronic technology, combines the functions of computer technology, in terms of processing information of a data stream, and to a method for identifying primary data. The product is a universal device, oriented and adapted to create automatic process control systems. The product does not belong to the field of computer technology, since it does not carry out computational procedures and does not include elements for their implementation and synchronization. At the same time, the product uses the functionality of processor systems in terms of organizing an associative information search and building an addressless memory space for simultaneous access.

State of the art

In terms of building a non-addressable memory on which to build the structure of the product, there is no information.

Solutions in terms of the associative search for information of computer systems controlled by the data stream have been known for a long time and the closest (by identification function) is the well-known system EP 0295876 A2 of 12/21/1988, built on the basis of associative memory, which allows almost instantly revealing data by comparing it with stored in memory data based on one or more databases.

This system contains at least two switches, one of which provides data transfer from associative memory modules to executive devices, and the other from executive devices to associative memory modules (see Optical associative memory for high performance digital computers with nontraditional architectures , VSBurtsev and VBFyodorov, Optical Computing and Processing, 1991, volume 1, number 4, pages 275-288). The system involves centralized management and synchronization of identification processes and the issuance of control codes.

The use of many associative memory modules allows you to increase the speed of search operations, since the search in various modules of associative memory is carried out simultaneously. A disadvantage of the known computing system and the method implemented therein is the relatively high power consumption and complexity of the system, the need to have a large associative memory for storing intermediate calculation results and operational unreliability, and low security from the negative impact of external conditions. To ensure the operability of this product, special measures must be taken to create certain “comfortable” operating conditions: climate control, fixed grounding, shielding, power supply, etc.

This product allows you to save the functionality of processor systems (including those discussed above) and eliminate the disadvantages of control systems in terms of survivability, reliability and trust.

The product is a universal product for systems providing for the identification of indications of the external state parameters of the controlled object with the simultaneous (and instantaneous) development of design solutions for control without using software and processor resources, where automatic start / stop of executive devices (without using computer equipment) is provided upon reaching boundary, controlled values (or a set of values) of external parameters.

The product allows you to effectively solve problems associated with the construction of automatic protection systems and blocking of technological processes and equipment, to solve control and identification problems in control systems in the absence of maintenance and the possibility of creating "comfortable" operating conditions. It allows you to create passive systems with a high degree of protection against outside interference (climate impact, extremist and hacker attacks) with minimal power consumption with guaranteed implementation of all design decisions.

The technical result is to ensure high survivability of the product and, accordingly, control systems, increase reliability, trust and reliability, invulnerability from external interference on both objective and subjective factors of external influence, including climate and hacker attacks, cheaper system design, production and maintenance is achieved as follows:

- the product is an absolutely passive, asynchronous element of the control system and does not contain a device for synchronizing and clocking internal processes;

- the product is absolutely independent of software and computing processes and does not contain them in itself;

- the product is adapted to work in a computing environment, capable of receiving and issuing digital codes for further processor processing;

- the product is intended only to identify the occurrence of certain events and generate a control code, in accordance with the design decisions for management;

- the product does not store, in explicit form, information about where and on which block (sector) of comparison this or that information is located and thereby ensures the protection of information from unauthorized access.

These decisions are achieved by the fact that the product: “Associative event identifier (technological)” is a device, architecture and circuitry solutions implement the following properties:

- the architecture provides the creation of an addressless memory space, provides simultaneous access of incoming information to all design management solutions without the use of switching, multiplexing and synchronization;

- a circuitry solution provides an associative comparison of incoming information with stored design decisions on the fact of absolute coincidence (physical coincidence of the original with the stored information) and on the fact of a “shadow” (logical) comparison, when the significant readings of the primary sensors are veiled by a common array of incoming information.

The associative identifier of technological events includes the following electronic and architectural components:

multilayer (with the number of i layers) product architecture, organizing an addressless memory space and providing equal and asynchronous access of input information to each layer, in relation to incoming data;

all product layers implement a single circuitry and design solution and are interconnected memory cells with elements of data comparison and recording procedure control;

Each product layer contains the following electronic components:

load protection circuitry associated with receiving input data;

a memory block for storing primary (design) data, an N-bit input data register (N is an integer);

a physical comparison circuit performing bitwise comparison of known data with input data associated with an input data memory unit and comprising an electronic valve that allows the product to access data in the physical data register;

a logical comparison circuit performing bitwise comparison of known data with input data associated with the input data memory block and containing an electronic valve that allows the product to access data in the logical data register;

a comparison circuit to “0” input information designed to control the correct procedure for recording new data;

a recording permission and blocking scheme that ensures the correct recording of new data in a data-free sector with an electronic valve blocking the recording of zero data and data previously recorded,

subject to a positive identification of the input data, the device generates output data of direct control and diagnostics of the controlled technological process.

In this case, the load protection circuit is made in the form of Schmitt triggers and diode assemblies, and the electrical characteristics of the bit signals of these registers are sufficient to open electronic gates (thyristors) to activate power automation and processing by computer systems.

In this document, the concepts of physical and logical comparison mean:

- the result of a logical comparison is generated provided that the significant bits (LOGIC “1”) stored in the product’s memory coincide with the corresponding bits of the external information data, regardless of the state and value of other bits of the incoming information, i.e. input information contains bits corresponding to logical "1", and the stored information corresponds to them. In this case, the product gives a signal (and, accordingly, a control code) of a logical match, regardless of the values of other bits of the input information;

- signals of physical comparison are generated under the condition of physical and absolute coincidence of the values of the signals coming from external sensors, the combination of which corresponds to the combination of previously stored design information.

The device is illustrated by the following drawings.

- FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an Associative Event Identifier (Technological) (AIS (T)) having “I” comparison blocks (indicated by layers in FIG.).

- Figure 2 is a General diagram of one of the layers (comparison block) of the Associative Event Identifier (Technological).

- Figure 3 is an example of the use of the product in automatic control systems.

The structural diagram of the construction of an associative event identifier (technological), shown in Figure 1, is a "mine" organization with the presence of i layers (where i is an integer). Each layer is a comparison unit and a control unit for recording new data, the structural diagram of which is presented in Fig.2. All product layers have the same circuitry and design solutions and contain the following nodes.

1. The recording control unit (Fig. 2 is a recording permission and blocking circuit), which determines the state of the comparison unit (free / busy), generates a signal for recording new data simultaneously to all registers of the free sector (since, in fact, the product is addressless device). The block is based on the principle of using a single-bit memory cell that acts as a “flag”. An open “flag” indicates a sector that is free for writing. After the recording procedure, the “flag” closes and puts the “flag” of the next sector into the open state.

2. An input data memory unit for storing meaningful and expected combinations of input information signals. Expected values are determined by design decisions.

3. Scheme of physical comparison - bitwise comparison of design data with input. A positive comparison result is the issuance of an enable signal for data reset from the register Ф to the corresponding common bus Ф and the issuance of a signal to block the "write" signal. This lock excludes the possibility of recording additional, new data, if any, have already been remembered before.

4. Logical comparison scheme - bitwise comparison of design data with input data. A positive result of the comparison is the issuance of a data reset enable signal from register L to the corresponding common bus L.

5. Comparison scheme for “0” input information. A positive result of the comparison is the blocking of the “record” signal, the blocking of the physical and logical comparison circuits performed according to the logical element & (I). This scheme prohibits all operations if the input information is not significant.

6. K - bit register of physical data, carrying out storage of alternative information corresponding to the design decisions of the management.

7. J - bit register of logical data, carrying out storage of alternative information corresponding to the design decisions of the management.

The memory registers are made on cells with functions corresponding to the functions of the S trigger. The non-volatility of memory cells is ensured through the use of technologies from “jumper burn” to the use of FROM.

Comparison schemes implement the following states of Carnot cards. Physical comparison Logical comparison Comparison at "0" entrance Storage Result entrance Storage Result entrance Storage Result 0 0 one 0 0 one 0-0 XX one 0 one 0 0 one one x --- x XX 0 one 0 0 one 0 0 one one one one one one

Each sector (layer) of the product implements the same functions, simultaneously gets access to external information, stores it, analyzes (compares) in asynchronous mode and performs the following procedures:

- storage of known (design) data intended for subsequent comparison;

- storage of control codes corresponding to design decisions;

- allocation of information identified from the external stream of mass input data that is identified as corresponding to known (design) data;

- development of the resulting signal coincidence / identification of external and stored information and the issuance of alternative codes on common buses;

- formation of an access signal for recording new / primary data to a specific comparison unit, free for recording.

The external data stream is perceived by AIS (T) (and by each unit (sector) of comparison, respectively) as bitwise information in a parallel digital code corresponding to logical “0” or logical “1”.

The resulting identification signal can be either a single signal of the comparison result, or a set of control signals that must be generated and transmitted to at least one actuating device.

The AIS (T) product is a non-addressing associative storage device in which the recording of primary data is not controlled by the principle of determining the first free sector - the comparison block (sector) is filled and the comparison block is open for recording. The preparation of each sector for the recording procedure and its blocking from recording are carried out automatically according to the running line principle without using processor and software resources and are controlled by the recording control unit in each comparison unit separately.

New input data for identification can be recorded only in a free comparison unit (if any) both directly by the operator of control of a specific technological process, and by means of computer systems.

The control command of the “record” for the product is only one command - recording new input data, all other comparison operations, generating a signal of identification results, etc. performed automatically in asynchronous mode without external control and synchronization.

To exclude the possibility of external interference in the product operation, all comparison schemes (blocks) of the comparison are made in such a way that they do not allow operations with changing, adjusting, and deleting recorded data. Correction of the stored known data for identification is possible only under the condition of complete destruction of all data in the product and the formation of a new block of identification information for the entire device or physical destruction of the device.

The general technical characteristics of the AIS (T) product are given below:

- type of information processing: asynchronous, non-tactable, processing code-parallel;

- the number of simultaneously processed data: it is determined by the feasibility of solving technological problems and the capabilities of modern production of microcircuits, but not less than 16 bits;

- the number of simultaneously generated identification data: it is determined by the feasibility of solving technological problems and the capabilities of modern production of microcircuits, but not less than 16;

- time of identification of input information, in terms of reading information: not more than 100 ns;

- power consumption: no more than 100 mW;

- operating conditions: correspond to the operating conditions of passive logic circuits;

- technical support: not serviced throughout the entire service life;

- service life: not less than 30 years;

- Dependence on software and processor resources: independently;

- the ability to work with computer systems: provided;

- type of execution: microcircuit.

Novelty of consumer qualities

In a number of electronic devices that provide for processing input signals of process control and generating control actions, the AIS (T) product occupies an intermediate place between relay logic circuits and systems based on software-processor data processing. The product combines all the positive characteristics of relay technology (reliability, unpretentiousness to operating and maintenance conditions, high speed, autonomy, etc.) and the functionality of processor systems in terms of setting parameters for identifying primary data, identifying them and generating control signals. A distinctive feature of AIS (T) is its versatility and the presence of minimal electrical connections and radioelements, which makes the device highly reliable, fast-acting and mass-produced.

In addition, systems built on this element practically do not require the implementation of new developments and, accordingly, additional tests, certification, etc., reduce the time for commissioning at the implementation sites of the system, increase the maintainability and life of the product. All this significantly reduces the cost of the system as a whole.

The main difference between the proposed product and its analogues in the country and abroad is that the variety of combinations of input signals is not processed, not analyzed for possible overlaps, drifts, etc. In addition, the product does not simulate design decisions at either the technical or software levels, but accepts them as a fact previously established. And for each fact of a particular event, there are certain decisions that are also predefined.

The product simultaneously identifies all significant and previously recorded information in the mass flow of external incoming data, regardless of their volume, does not require preliminary processor processing of each incoming signal and its analysis of the interaction and dependence on related data.

The product is intended for use in systems where the generation of external control signals of a specific technological object is rigidly connected with a specific set and sequence of generating control signals, and in systems where it is important to isolate a component that was previously defined as a reference from an indefinite and massive flow of information.

An example of building a data identification system

The control technological process implies two control options: control during the normal course of the technological process and management / decision-making in violation of normal operating conditions. The normal operating condition unambiguously determines the correspondence of the values of the primary sensors of the process control and the management decision-making algorithm. Violation of the process suggests the possibility of hiding the patterns of the readings of primary sensors with control signals of mechanisms. In this case, a mechanism is provided for identifying significant “shadow” control signals against a general background of uncertainty in sensor readings.

Consider a simple example of automating the filling of a container with a liquid using an AIS (T) product.

In this case, the following parameters are controlled:

- high level of fluid in the tank;

- low liquid level in the tank;

- abnormally low liquid level;

- the feed pump is on (controlled either by pressure or by voltage);

- the feed pump is off.

To control this process, only two commands are required:

- turn on the feed pump;

- turn off the feed pump.

For diagnostics, we designate the parameters that should be diagnosed regardless of the process flow:

- failure of level sensors;

- emergency: low fluid level and the feed pump is off.

We set the control parameters in tabular form.

Control sensors Input / Output Combinations Product Contact Number one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 Controlled input Block 1 High fluid level in the tank one one Etc. one Low fluid in tank one one one one Etc. 2 Extremely low fluid one one Etc. 3

Feed pump on one Etc. four Feed pump off one one one Etc. 5 Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Register used F F F L L Etc. Physical Comparison Register Cells Block 2 Executive mechanisms Turn on the feed pump one one 17 Switch off one eighteen Logical Comparison Register Cells Block 3 Failure of level sensors one Etc. 33 Emergency situation one Etc. 34 Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc. Etc.

Block 1 determines the controlled readings of primary sensors designed for normal process control and system diagnostics. In our example, the following indications relate to normal control:

- a high level in the tank and the pump is on;

- low level in the tank and the pump is off.

These parameters require decisions that are reflected in block 2. In the first case, turn off the pump, in the second - turn on.

However, even if one of the control sensors fails, random or natural, the entire chronology of process control events may be violated. To prevent the consequences of this factor, the product has a function for tracking background / shadow events. This function is implemented in the product design and is executed in parallel with the specified product management program (logical correspondence).

Logical matching involves identifying significant or critical parameters (or a set of parameters) that determine the deviation of the process, regardless of the general readings of the primary sensors. Critical combinations of input signals are set when primary data and control codes are entered (reflected in columns 6, 7 of block 1, of this example). Column 6 defines the diagnostic operation, column 7 - emergency. Making decisions according to these indications is determined by the values specified in the logical register (block 3), which can be transferred to the operator console or to a computer diagnostic system, or to the input of a similar AIS (T) product for automatic processing.

According to this scheme, all control systems are implemented, ranging from relay circuits to processor systems. The proposed option reduces the cost of the system, increases its reliability, reduces the volatility and maintenance costs of the system.

All product functions are implemented in a single design, made in the form of a microcircuit corresponding to the accepted GOST.

Claims (3)

1. Associative event identifier, technological includes the following electronic and architectural components:
multilayer (with the number of i layers) product architecture, organizing an addressless memory space and providing equal and asynchronous access of input information to each layer, in relation to incoming data;
all product layers implement a single circuitry and design solution and are interconnected memory cells with elements of data comparison and recording procedure control;
Each layer of the product contains the following electronic components:
load protection circuitry associated with receiving input data;
a memory block for storing primary (design) data, an N-bit input data register (N is an integer);
a physical comparison circuit performing bitwise comparison of known data with input data associated with an input data memory unit and comprising an electronic valve that allows the product to access data in the physical data register;
a logical comparison circuit performing bitwise comparison of known data with input data associated with the input data memory unit and comprising an electronic valve that allows the product to access data in the logical data register;
a comparison circuit to “0” input information designed to control the correct procedure for recording new data;
a recording permission and blocking scheme that ensures the correct recording of new data in a data-free sector with an electronic valve blocking the recording of zero data and data previously recorded, provided that the input data is positively identified, the device generates direct control output and diagnostics of the controlled technological process. 2. The associative event identifier, technological according to claim 1, characterized in that the load protection circuit is made in the form of Schmitt triggers and diode assemblies. 3. The associative identifier of events, technological according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical characteristics of the bitwise signals of these registers are sufficient to open electronic gates (thyristors) for activating power automation and processing by computer systems.

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