RU2495452C2 - Method for remote optical probing of weakly scattering atmosphere - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: light pulses are sent into the atmosphere from points spread in space on crossing probing paths passing in noncollinear directions. Echo signals are received at sending points; light pulses are sent on additional paths, each crossing all previous paths. The total number of paths is not less than five. Characteristics of the atmosphere are determined from the power of said signals using calculation formulae.

EFFECT: high accuracy of determination due to correct accounting for atmospheric background illumination.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of meteorology, and more specifically to methods for determining the characteristics of atmospheric pollution, and can be used, for example, to measure the optical parameters of a weakly scattering atmosphere by lidar systems in determining aerosol air pollution.

A known method of optical sensing of a heterogeneous atmosphere [1], in which a light pulse of short duration is sent to the atmosphere and the light scattered in the opposite direction is converted into electrical signals. These signals accumulate over a given period of time depending on the total length of the investigated area. At the same time, the received signals are amplified in proportion to the square of the current time counted from the moment the pulse was sent to the atmosphere.

This known method has low accuracy, because it is based on the assumption that the ratio of the backscattering coefficient to the attenuation coefficient on the probing path under study is constant. This assumption is not fulfilled in a real inhomogeneous atmosphere.

Closest to the proposed invention is a known method for determining the transparency of an inhomogeneous atmosphere [2], in which light pulses are sent to the atmosphere from points spaced in space along intersecting sounding paths passing in at least three noncollinear directions; with the formation of the sounding region by segments between the points of their intersection, echo signals are received at the sending points, and the atmospheric characteristics are determined by the power of these signals using calculation formulas.

In this known solution, the accuracy of determining the characteristics of pollution of an inhomogeneous atmosphere is increased by using at least three points of sending light pulses into the atmosphere. However, the solution [2] does not take into account background illumination during measurements of the characteristics of a weakly scattering atmosphere.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining the characteristics of the atmosphere by correctly taking into account the background illumination of the atmosphere.

The proposed method uses some of the essential features of the prototype, namely: it sends light pulses into the atmosphere from points spaced in space along intersecting sounding paths passing in noncollinear directions.

Salient features of the proposed method is that they send light pulses along additional paths, each of which crosses all previous paths, with a total number of at least five paths, and the characteristics of the atmosphere are determined by the received signals.

Optical characteristics of inhomogeneous atmosphere pollution, in particular,

, (1) $$z_i={\{\beta (r_i)\}}^m$$

, (one)

found from the system of equations written for polygons formed by the intersection of sensing paths in noncollinear directions

(2) $$a{}_{i,i}z{}_i-a{}_{i,i+\mathrm{one}}{z}_{i+\mathrm{one}}=b{}_i,i=\mathrm{one},2\mathrm{,\; ...,}k-\mathrm{one}$$

(2)

$$a{}_{k,k}z{}_k-a_{k\mathrm{,one}}{z}_{\mathrm{one}}=b_k,$$

,Where $$a_{i,j}=\sqrt[g]{S_{i,j}}$$

,

$$b_i=\pm 2m{\displaystyle \underset{C{}_i}{\int }{\left\{S(R_i,r)\right\}}^{m}dr},$$

, $$S_{i,j}=S({\overrightarrow{R}}_i,{\overrightarrow{r}}_j)=(P_{i,j}-P_{*}(\overrightarrow{R{}_i}))/f,$$

,

,S is the power of the backscatter signal, adjusted for the geometric factor of the lidar $$f$$

,

- мощность сигнала обратного рассеяния, $$P_{i,j}$$

is the power of the backscatter signal,

- геометрический фактор лидара, $$f={({\overrightarrow{r}}_j-{\overrightarrow{R}}_i)}^{-2}$$

- geometric factor of lidar,

β is the backscattering coefficient,

σ is the attenuation coefficient,

m = 1 / g, and the constant g is also determined in the power-law relationship of the backscattering coefficient with the attenuation coefficient β = Dσ ^g , (3)

- радиус-вектор точки посылки световых импульсов и приема сигналов обратного рассеяния (i-ой точке расположения приемопередатчика соответствует радиус-вектор $${\overrightarrow{R}}_i$$

, $$i=\mathrm{1,}\mathrm{2,}\mathrm{...}$$

), $${\overrightarrow{R}}_i$$

- the radius vector of the point of sending light pulses and receiving backscattering signals (the i-th location point of the transceiver corresponds to the radius vector $${\overrightarrow{R}}_i$$

, $$i=\mathrm{one,}2\mathrm{...}$$

),

- радиус-вектор зондируемого рассеивающего элемента, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_j}$$

is the radius vector of the probed scattering element,

- текущий радиус-вектор точки прямой, проходящей через точки i, j, $$\overrightarrow{r}$$

is the current radius vector of the point of the line passing through points i, j,

- отрезок $$[{\overrightarrow{r}}_i,{\overrightarrow{r}}_j]$$

, по которому вычисляются интегралы, $$c_i$$

- line segment $$[{\overrightarrow{r}}_i,{\overrightarrow{r}}_j]$$

by which the integrals are calculated,

- элемент длины отрезка. $$dr$$

- element of the length of the segment.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing. In FIG. 1 is a diagram of sending probe pulses and receiving echo signals for example 5 transceivers (lidars).

The method is implemented as follows.

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

.Transceivers 1 to 5 are spaced apart at points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

.

из точек $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

. Осуществляют посылку световых импульсов из точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

в направлении рассеивающего объема $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Трасса, проходящая через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, пересекает две предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

. Осуществляют посылку световых импульсов из точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

в направлении рассеивающего объема $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

. Трасса, проходящая через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, пересекает три предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Осуществляют посылку световых импульсов из точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

в направлении рассеивающего объема $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

. Трасса, проходящая через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

, пересекает четыре предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

.Light pulses are sent in the direction of the scattering volume. $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

from points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

. Send light pulses from a point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

in the direction of the scattering volume $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

intersects two previous tracks passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

. Send light pulses from a point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

in the direction of the scattering volume $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

. Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

intersects the three previous tracks passing through the points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Send light pulses from a point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

in the direction of the scattering volume $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

. Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

crosses four previous tracks passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

.

Receive signals at points of sending from segments limited by scattering volumes. The received echo signals are “corrected” for the geometric factor of the lidar. The result is proportional to:

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

;b ₁ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

;b ₂ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

;b ₃ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

;b ₄ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

;b ₅ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;b ₆ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

;b ₇ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

;b ₈ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;b ₉ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

;b ₁₀ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

;b ₁₁ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

;b ₁₂ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;b ₁₃ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;b ₁₄ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

.b ₁₅ - on the segment limited by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

.

The values of z _{i are} found from the system of equations (2). For the particular example under consideration, a solution of the systems of equations is found:

$$a_{\mathrm{eleven}}{z}_{\mathrm{one}}-a_{12}{z}_2=b_{\mathrm{one}},$$

$$a_{12}{z}_2-a_{13}{z}_3=b_2,$$

$$a_{13}{z}_3-a_{\mathrm{fourteen}}{z}_{\mathrm{four}}=b_3,$$

$$a_{21}{z}_{\mathrm{one}}-a_{25}{z}_5=b_{\mathrm{four}},$$

$$a_{25}{z}_5-a_{26}{z}_6=b_5,$$

$$a_{26}{z}_6-a_{27}{z}_7=b_6,$$

(4) $$a_{32}{z}_2-a_{35}{z}_5=b_7,$$

(four)

$$a_{35}{z}_5-a_{38}{z}_8=b_8,$$

$$a_{38}{z}_8-a_{39}{z}_9=b_9,$$

$$a_{43}{z}_3-a_{46}{z}_6=b_{10},$$

$$a_{46}{z}_6-a_{48}{z}_8=b_{\mathrm{eleven}},$$

$$a_{48}{z}_8-a_{4.10}{z}_{10}=b_{12},$$

$$a_{54}{z}_{\mathrm{four}}-a_{57}{z}_7=b_{13},$$

$$a_{57}{z}_7-a_{59}{z}_9=b_{\mathrm{fourteen}},$$

$$a_{59}{z}_9-a_{5.10}{z}_{10}=b_{\mathrm{fifteen}},$$

moreover, the significant differences indicated make it possible to increase the accuracy due to taking into account 5 unknown background illumination powers from a closed system of 15 equations with respect to them and 10 unknown optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol.

The physical principles on which measurements are based on the proposed method are that the measured echo signal powers are related to the optical characteristics of the atmosphere by the known lidar equation taking into account background illumination. Based on this equation, new, previously unused computational algorithms for determining optical characteristics are developed. In these algorithms, influencing factors are correctly taken into account.

An example implementation of the method.

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, находящихся на одной прямой, размещают лидары 1 - 5 на основе ЛИВО. Излучение зондирующих импульсов осуществляется на рабочей длине волны 0,69 мкм в окне прозрачности водяного пара. Энергия в импульсе составляет 0.07 - 0.1 Дж. Длительность импульса 30 нс. Расстояние между соседними лидарами не превышает 0.5 км. Зондирование неоднородной атмосферы осуществляется в вертикальной плоскости, проходящей через линию размещения лидаров. Осуществляют посылку световых импульсов лидаром 1 по трассе, проходящей через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, лидаром 2 - через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

; лидаром 3 - через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

; лидаром 4 - через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

; лидаром 5 - через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

.In points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

located on one straight line, place lidars 1 - 5 on the basis of LIVO. The radiation of the probe pulses is carried out at a working wavelength of 0.69 μm in the window of transparency of water vapor. The energy in the pulse is 0.07 - 0.1 J. The pulse duration is 30 ns. The distance between neighboring lidars does not exceed 0.5 km. Sounding of the inhomogeneous atmosphere is carried out in a vertical plane passing through the line of lidar placement. Light pulses are sent by lidar 1 along the path passing through the points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

, lidar 2 - through the points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

; lidar 3 - through the dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

; lidar 4 - through the dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

; lidar 5 - through the dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

.

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, пересекает две предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

. Трасса, проходящая через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, пересекает три предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Трасса, проходящая через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

, пересекает четыре предыдущие трассы, проходящие через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_1$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, а также через точки $${\overrightarrow{R}}_4$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

.Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

intersects two previous tracks passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

. Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

intersects the three previous tracks passing through the points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

. Track passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

crosses four previous tracks passing through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

through dots $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

as well as through points $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

.

At the points of sending receive echo signals:

от отрезков, ограниченных точками: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

и $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, а также $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

;at the point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{one}}$$

from segments bounded by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

and $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, as well as $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

;

от отрезков, ограниченных точками: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_1}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

и $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, а также $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;at the point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_2$$

from segments bounded by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{one}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

and $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, as well as $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

;

от отрезков, ограниченных точками: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

и $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, а также $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;at the point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_3$$

from segments bounded by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_2}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

and $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_5}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, as well as $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

;

от отрезков, ограниченных точками: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

и $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, а также $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

;at the point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_{\mathrm{four}}$$

from segments bounded by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_3}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

and $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_6}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, as well as $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_8}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

;

от отрезков, ограниченных точками: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_4}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

и $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

, а также $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

.at the point $${\overrightarrow{R}}_5$$

from segments bounded by points: $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{\mathrm{four}}}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

and $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_7}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

, as well as $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_9}$$

, $${\overrightarrow{r}}_{{}_{10}}$$

.

Received and corrected echo signals accumulate. determine the characteristics of the inhomogeneous atmosphere z _i from the system of equations (4).

Justification of the materiality of the signs. As follows from the description, each of these signs is necessary, and their entire inextricable combination is sufficient to achieve a technical result - to increase the accuracy of measurements due to a more correct consideration of the influencing factors.

Justification of inventive step. The inventive method was analyzed for compliance with the criterion of "inventive step". To this end, close features of known solutions have been investigated both in this and related fields of technology. So, according to the source [3], a sign of receiving echo signals from the total scattering volume of the inhomogeneous atmosphere was revealed. However, in this well-known solution [3], the total scattering volume of the atmosphere belongs to sensing paths passing in at least three noncollinear directions. Thanks to such an implementation of sending to the atmosphere of light pulses from points spaced in space, the technical result of the method is achieved [3]. In the claimed method, the total scattering volume of the atmosphere belongs to two sensing paths, and they send light pulses along additional paths, each of which crosses all previous paths, with a total number of at least five paths.

Thus, in the opinion of the applicant and the authors, the proposed technical solution to the method for determining the transparency of the atmosphere in its inextricable combination of features is new, does not explicitly follow from the prior art and allows one to obtain an important technical result - improving the accuracy of determinations due to a more correct consideration of influencing factors.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 390401. The method of determining the transparency of the atmosphere /

Kovalev V.A. - Bulletin of inventions No. 30, 1973.

2. A.S. No. 1597815 A1, MKI 5 G01W1 / 00. A method for determining the rate of atmospheric attenuation / Egorov A.D., Emelyanova V.N. - Publ. 10.10.90, Bulletin of inventions No. 37 (prototype).

3. A.S. No. 966639. The method for determining the optical characteristics of scattering media / Sergeev N.M., Kugeiko M.M., Ashkinadze D.A. Bulletin of inventions No. 38, 1982.

Claims (1)

A method for remote optical sensing of a weakly scattering atmosphere by sending light pulses into the atmosphere along intersecting paths passing in noncollinear directions, receiving backscattered signals, determining atmospheric characteristics from the powers of these signals using calculation formulas, characterized in that they send light pulses along additional paths , each of which intersects all previous tracks, with a total number of at least five tracks, and x is determined from the received signals teristics atmosphere.