RU2495205C1 - Autonomous solar lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: design of an autonomous solar lamp provides for two curvilinear folds arranged outside at both sides in the upper opaque part of an oval longitudinal dome. Folds have inner surface covered with tandem photoelectric modules, which makes it possible, if they are arranged in the lower transparent part of the oval longitudinal dome, to additionally charge the accumulator battery. Control of positions of curvilinear folds is carried out with the help of a micromotor with a worm gear. In the lower position the curvilinear folds are retained by magnets. Automatic control of natural and artificial lighting of a room is provided by an electronic control panel using sensors of light and motion.

EFFECT: increased illumination of a room.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Autonomous solar-electric lamp (AGELA) refers to renewable energy sources and is intended for natural and artificial lighting of residential and non-residential premises for various purposes without the use of traditional energy sources.

Known inventions protected by US patents [1, 2], representing an energy-saving lighting system and containing: light-collecting dome; light guide pipes with an internal mirror surface and a diffusing plate at the end of the pipe; a shutter to limit light flow; electric motor to control the flap. The main disadvantage of this system is the impossibility of increasing the light flux intensity, since the diameter of the dome and the diameter of the light guide pipe are the same, and the light-collecting dome is installed on the roof without taking into account the latitude of the terrain.

The invention is known [3], containing a transparent dome, a tubular fiber with various reflective irregularities so as not to reduce parallel rays into separate focusing points. The main disadvantage of this invention is the presence of a transparent dome, which still passes part of the sunlight through itself. In addition, certain difficulties arise in the manufacture of reflective irregularities inside the fiber, and bringing the sun into focus inside the fiber pipe is physically unlikely. It should be noted that in the cloudy and dark time of the day lighting is not provided due to the stored solar energy.

Known heliolamp [4], comprising: a transparent optically active dome, consisting of an upper plano-convex lens; convex-concave truncated sector lenses constituting the side surface of the optically active dome; a middle concave-convex lens located inside a transparent optically active dome; inverse cone; solar battery; a lower plano-convex lens mounted at the entrance to the light guide tube; direct protective cone; a light guide tube having a taper of 2 ° -3 ° with an internal mirror surface; flat round damper with a mirror surface; electric micromotor; a battery located on the inner surface of the ceiling; diffusing lamp connected to a circular LED lamp; control panel with electronic relay; keys for controlling a flat round damper and turning on an LED lamp in cloudy and dark time of the day; manual mechanical position control with a flat round damper. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the small area of the photovoltaic modules, which in the absence of solar radiation in cloudy weather will not provide reliable charging of the batteries, in addition, in sunlight with two solar lamps in the same room, there may be zones with insufficient lighting.

The invention is known [5], containing a solar cable and a nozzle with an internal mirror surface, and the nozzle is made conical, and a tap in the form of a hollow cone with an external mirror surface. The main disadvantage of this invention is its unsuitability for use in ordinary residential and non-residential premises and common areas, in addition, there is no system that captures sunlight at different angles of solstice; the description does not show how to install the mirror hollow cone for its exact installation on the center of the reflective mirror, in this case there is a situation of uneven lighting.

As a prototype, a patent [4] was adopted as the closest in technical solution and application.

The essence of the claimed invention is: to increase the illumination of the room; reliability of electric energy storage in rechargeable batteries (BAT) with the help of tandem photovoltaic solar modules (TFSM), rationally placed around light guide tubes and on the inner surfaces of two curved flaps of an oval longitudinal ceiling; ensuring the work of AGELA in the mode of full autonomous and automated operation.

The objective of the claimed invention is the effective use of solar radiation for natural and artificial lighting of residential and non-residential premises for various purposes in the daytime, cloudy and evening. As a result of solving this problem, a technical result can be obtained, expressed as:

- to increase the level of illumination of rooms, especially of a rectangular shape, due to the use of two optically active domes made of acrylic glass and assembled from conjugated hexagonal plane-convex lenses, with the flat part pointing inward of the dome, as well as the use of a reflective inner surface of hollow circular truncated inverse cones located around the base of optically active domes. Sun rays collected by optically active domes, as well as reflected from the inner surface of the hollow inverse cones, are directed into hollow light guide tubes that transport solar radiation through oblique oval mirrors into one common oval longitudinal ceiling, paired with hollow light guide tubes and located along the axis or diagonal lighted room, which ensures uniform lighting;

- in the placement on a larger area of TFSM around the outer vertical surfaces of hollow light guide pipes that rise above the plane of the roof, and on the basis of transparent straight truncated cones that cover light guide pipes made of acrylic glass;

- in the use of two curved flaps with an inner surface covered with TPSM, which in the working position are located outside on both sides of the oval longitudinal ceiling in the lower transparent part, while generating, at the same time, a sufficient amount of electric energy in the daytime, when there is no need to use AGEL by appointment, for example, on weekends and after hours;

- in reducing to 70% the cost of money for traditional electricity, which helps to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions of power plants operating on hydrocarbon fuels;

- in the use of light, motion sensors and an electronic control unit that optimally automatically adjusts the degree of illumination of the room and the accumulation in the battery of electric energy received from the TFSM;

- the presence of a micromotor with a worm gear, which is used to install curved flaps in the upper or lower half of the oval longitudinal plafond.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of the AGELA in the context, dashed lines indicate the course of sunlight; figure 2 presents a longitudinal oval ceiling in section with curved wings; figure 3 shows an installation option AGELA on an inclined roof of buildings; block diagram of the control AGELOY presented in Figure 4.

AGELA consists of the following components functionally interconnected: two optically active domes 1, representing a hemisphere of acrylic glass, and assembled from conjugated hexagonal plane-convex lenses 2; two hollow light guide tubes 3; two transparent truncated cones 4 made of acrylic glass; TFSM 5, located around the upper outer part of the hollow light guide tubes 3, elevating above the roof 9 of the building and on the lower base of the transparent truncated cones 4; a hollow reverse circular truncated cone 6 with a mirrored inner surface and holes 10 for draining rainwater; triangular magnetic latches 7 of a hollow circular inverse truncated cone 6; mounting rings 8 fixing AGELA on the roof of the building 9; two oval mirrors 11 located in the hollow light guide tubes 3 in their lower part opposite each other at an angle of 30 ° to the horizon; hatch 12 for access to the battery 13; an oval longitudinal shade 14 made of acrylic glass and paired with two hollow light guide tubes 3; magnetic latches 15 and guides 16 of curved flaps 23 located on both sides of the oval elongated ceiling 14; worm-drive micromotor 17; a coil with cables 18 attached to the upper edges of the curved flaps 23; LED lamps 19; light sensor 20; fasteners 21 of an oval elongated ceiling 14 to the ceiling of the room 22; the upper part of the oval elongated ceiling 14 with an inner mirror surface 24 and the transparent lower part 27 of the oval elongated ceiling 14; rollers 25 and TFSM 26 located on the inner surface of the curved flaps 23; electronic control unit 28; motion sensor 29; button 30 manual on / off AGELA; button 31 control curved leaves 23.

AGELA works as follows. Starting position (A): sunny or partly cloudy day, the room is used for its intended purpose. Curved sashes 23 are in the lower working position, when people appear in the room, the motion sensor 29 unlocks the micromotor with the worm gear 17, the curved sashes 23 automatically, using the electronic control panel 28, rise to the upper non-working position, releasing the transparent part 27 of the oval oblong shade 14 for the passage of sunlight. The sun's rays are collected by an optically active dome 1 and, using conjugated hexagonal plano-convex lenses 2, are directed into hollow light guide tubes 3, which transport them to oval mirrors 11, from which reflected sunlight enters from two sides into the upper part of the oval oblong canopy 14 with reflective surface 26 , from where sunlight through its transparent part 27 enters the room. The lighting efficiency of the room is ensured by tilting the oval mirrors 11 at an angle equal to 30 to the horizontal, which makes it possible to concentrate the sun's rays from two optically active domes 1 and two hollow fiber-optic tubes 3 in one oval oblong canopy 14. Additionally, using a hollow circular truncated reverse cone 6 s mirrored inner surface, the sun's rays are directed to optically active domes 1. At the same time, solar radiation acts on TFSM 5 located around the upper outer part of the floor light guide tubes 3, which rise above the roof 9 of the building and on the lower base of transparent truncated cones 4, generate electricity, which is sent by electronic remote control 28 to charge the battery 13. The light sensor 20 controls the illumination of the room and if the illumination is sufficient depending on the purpose of the room the electronic control panel 28 does not send a signal to the micromotor with a worm gear 17, curved wings 23 do not lower. In this position there is natural light in the room. The AGELA is turned off using the button 30 of the electronic control panel 28, while the curved flaps 23, moving with the help of rollers 25 along the guides 16, are lowered to the lower working position and are fixed with magnetic latches 15.

Starting position (B): cloudy day, the room is used for its intended purpose. The light sensor 20 controls the illumination of the room and if the illumination depending on the purpose of the room is insufficient, the electronic control panel 28 sends a signal to connect the battery 17 to the LED lamps 19, artificial and natural lighting of the room occurs simultaneously.

Starting position (B): evening (night), the room is used for its intended purpose. The light sensor 20 controls the illumination in the room and if the illumination depending on the purpose of the room is insufficient, the electronic control panel 28, by the signal of the light sensor 20, sends a signal to the micromotor with worm gear 17, which transmits rotation to the coil with cables 18, the latter do not hold curved flaps 23 in the upper position, and they, using the rollers 25, under the weight of their own weight roll along the guides 16, they are lowered to the lower position, where they are fixed with magnesium GOVERNMENTAL pawls 15. Simultaneously, the electronic control unit 28 connects the battery 17 to the LED lamps 19 occurs artificial room lighting.

Starting position (G): daylight hours, the room is not used for its intended purpose. The motion sensor 29 blocks the curvilinear flaps 23 in the lower position, the sun's rays through the transparent part 21 of the oval longitudinal ceiling 14 act on TFEM 24 located on the inner surface of the curvilinear flaps 23, while electricity is generated, which accumulates in the battery 17, which increases the efficiency of AGELA. The illumination level in the room can be adjusted manually using the button 30 by turning on (off) the micromotor with a worm drive and the button 31 on (off) of the LED lamps 19.

AGELA is attached to the roof 9 of the building using mounting rings 8. Triangular magnetic latches 7 hold hollow circular truncated inverse cones 6 with a mirrored inner surface on the mounting ring 8.

Literature

1. US patent, No. 5896713, 04/27/1999.

2. US patent, No. 6936593, 03/14/2000.

3. RF patent for the invention, No. 2396397, Cl. B04V 7/18, 08/10/2010.

4. RF patent for utility model No. 109768, Cl. EB04 7/18, 10.27.2011.

5. RF patent for the invention, No. 2182287, Cl. F24J 2/42, F24J 2/00, 05/10/2002.

Claims (10)

1. Autonomous solar-electric lamp (AGELA), containing optically active domes, hollow light guide tubes, tandem photoelectric modules (TFSM), LED lamps, rechargeable batteries, characterized by the presence of an oval elongated ceiling interfaced with two light guide tubes; two oval inclined mirrors located in the lower part of the light guide tubes towards each other at an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal; TFSM located around the upper outer part of the hollow light guide pipes, rising above the roof of the building and on the lower base of transparent truncated cones covering this part of the hollow light guide pipes; a hollow truncated inverse cone with a mirrored inner surface with triangular magnetic latches; electronic control panel. 2. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the optically active dome is composed of conjugated hexagonal plano-convex lenses, the flat part facing inward of the optically active dome. 3. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the oval longitudinal ceiling in the upper part has a mirrored inner surface, its lower part is transparent. 4. AGELA according to claim 3, characterized in that the oval longitudinal ceiling on the sides has guides for the curvilinear sash rollers. 5. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the oval elongated ceiling has curved flaps with an inner surface coated with TPSM. 6. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved flaps have a drive consisting of a micromotor with a worm gear and a coil with cables. 7. AGELA according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that magnetic latches are located on the lower edges of the curved flaps. 8. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that for the attachment of a hollow truncated inverse cone with a mirrored inner surface to the mounting ring, triangular magnetic latches are used. 9. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the presence of light and motion sensors provide automated operation of lamp operating modes. 10. AGELA according to claim 1, characterized in that the truncated inverse cone with a mirrored inner surface has openings for draining rainwater.

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