RU2486584C2 - Method for building of hierarchical system of network interaction of virtual workplaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technologies.

SUBSTANCE: virtual workplaces are given the capability to be dynamically configured in any number of units of a local network, forming a spatially independent information grid, formed by repeating structures, to provide for network interaction of program processes of the system, there are performed modules, forming a transport system in the form of an information grid, in units of which there are performed modules, besides, links of the grid create repeating structures, all processes are autonomous and separated into zones, in every of which all processes are closed to a process dispatcher, performing only service functions, and the transport system of transfer of process-treated information is performed hierarchically with a single top, where each process dispatcher is connected only with one above dispatcher providing transport services.

EFFECT: territorial independence of an automated workplace with unlimited expansion of a system via its repeating structures with building of a hierarchical transport system due to free migration of software inside a complex of AS technical facilities.

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Description

The invention relates to automation systems based on the use of computers.

Modern opportunities are changing our ideas about the organization of the work process. The personal computer, which has become in recent decades an integral attribute of the office and a means of fulfilling most office tasks, ceases to keep pace with the growing needs of users. The real tools of the user is software that is only tied to a PC, making it an intermediate link in the corporate information system. As a result, cloud computing is actively developing, when users have access to their own data, but do not manage or think about the infrastructure, operating system and, in fact, the software with which they work.

However, with the growth of organizations, the use of custom PCs in the IT infrastructure causes a number of difficulties:

- high transaction costs to support the computer park;

- the complexity associated with managing desktop PCs;

- providing users with safe and reliable access to

Software and applications necessary for work;

- technical support for users;

- installation and updating of licenses for software and maintenance;

- backup, etc.

It is possible to get away from these difficulties and reduce the costs associated with their solution, thanks to the use of virtualization technology for employee jobs based on the virtual PC infrastructure. Such a system allows you to separate the user software from the hardware - a personal computer and access client applications through terminal devices.

One of the conditions characterizing the automated control system of SN as a field of application of a developed product is the need for interaction with various systems and subsystems at all levels of the hierarchy. Moreover, during the intended use as a result of reconfiguration of the system, the composition of the interacting systems, subsystems and objects can quickly change. It should be noted that interacting systems, subsystems and objects can be built in various tool environments on various software and hardware platforms and function in various operating systems.

The problem of combining complexes into a single whole or into a network (for example, into a global one) that can be easily integrated from multiple subnets can be considered either as the creation of a comprehensive complex, or as the integration of complexes based on the combination of "trusted" nodes without losing the control effect of each of the participants. The problem of reconfiguring the complex to the state of the environment (tasks to be solved) or for the purpose of functional recovery after damaging influences can also be considered as integration of trusted nodes without loss of control influence.

The construction of such networks already involves not just organizing support for network transport, but solving the problem of the next stage - merging software systems or scaling up - building a new software complex by including additional components endowed with certain functionality, or by freely transferring them to the software and hardware space, unlimited expandable through repeating structures of software systems.

The basis for this process is the virtualization of the software package. The complex, which has the property of virtualization, is like an accordion: it can be assembled within one PC or stretched to many machines. In the event that each node of the complex can reproduce its own large functional units or functional blocks (this can be done centrally as well) from its component parts (processes) according to a certain algorithm, the problem of automatic configuration is solved.

The totality of functional blocks creates a larger unit, on the one hand, possessing aggregate functionality and, at the same time, not losing the main property of its constituent parts - virtualization. Such a large unit can be, for example, the functionality of a workstation, the functionality of a group, or complex.

The proposed technology develops a component programming model and is based on an architecture built on independent software entities - processes that represent the evolutionary development of modules.

The processes have the following main characteristics:

- independence;

- self-sufficiency;

- the ability to network.

1. Independence of processes. This implies, firstly, program independence, i.e. the possibility of separate compilation of processes and their subsequent dynamic linking; secondly, information independence, i.e. the ability of a process to hide its internal data and present it only through its interface part and, thirdly, the ability of processes to work autonomously (no process crashes when dynamically loading or shutting down other processes).

2. The principle of self-sufficiency determines the functional completeness of the process, ie its ability to perform clearly defined and logically interconnected functions defined within the framework of one task (subtask) of the information system.

3. Networking. Since processes are parts of a large and distributed system, the ability of processes to interact through a network should be one of their main characteristics. Through it, the issue of the independence of processes from their location, i.e. their free portability (virtualization).

The main provisions of building a software package based on process architecture:

1. The software package is a combination of isolated programs (processes) interacting with each other.

2. At the network level, programs communicate over TCP / IP.

3. Communication between programs is organized through teams.

4. Delivery of the team is carried out at the address specified in the address part of the team.

5. In the process of their promotion, a return address is formed in the team. Thus, the receiver of the command can generate a response to the sender of the command.

6. Some of the programs (processes) that are responsible for the delivery of commands are called dispatchers. Other programs are processes.

7. Processes can only be connected to dispatchers. Dispatchers are also connected only to dispatchers.

8. Among the dispatchers, the Central dispatcher stands out. It closes all the system dispatchers.

9. Central controllers can also connect to each other. Thus, you can increase the complex indefinitely.

10. The central dispatcher, not connected to another Central dispatcher, is the top of the complex. Each complex has only one peak.

11. The function of dispatchers is to advance the team among themselves and, ultimately, transfer it to the process.

12. Addressing uses the names of dispatchers and processes. Each process and dispatcher has its own name.

13. The process or dispatcher reports its name when connecting to another dispatcher. This process is called registration.

14. The process is based on the Model Process.

15. A typical process carries out all the work of connecting, registering, receiving and transmitting commands to dispatchers. The interface part is open for him, allowing you to use the functions of receiving / transmitting commands.

16. A typical process includes a command buffer and a shell.

17. The user process extends the generic process and uses its interface.

Increasing demands necessitate processes that must be operated with the highest degree of efficiency, reliability and safety. Therefore, it is known that from the moment of design it is necessary to fully automate production processes through the flow of information using a computer.

The systems used for this are already known from the method of constructing a system of access to data transmission networks, in particular to IP networks, including the creation of a system on a cellular basis and the organization of subscribers of a base station (cell) wireless access to network resources through a group hub, while data from group concentrator is transmitted to subscribers through several directional base transmitters, the reception of signals from subscribers is carried out by subscriber individual or microgroup (cluster) receivers, The transmission of signals from subscribers is carried out by individual or cluster subscriber transmitters, and the reception of signals from subscribers is carried out by basic group receivers with coverage areas, which are determined based on the conditions for the base group receiver in the line of sight of the respective subscriber transmitters, and data from the base receivers is sent to the group concentrator, for data transmission between the base station and subscribers use electromagnetic radiation of the optical range, as zovyh transmitters use transmit optical device in an amount corresponding to the number of subscriber receivers, and with which the set of optical connection, this time with one and the same optical carrier for transmission from all transmitters within the subscriber group, Russian patent 2196387.

To implement the known method requires special transmission paths, which significantly reduces the functionality of the built-in system.

The technical result of the proposed method is to create an automated system with geographically independent workstations with unlimited expansion of the system through its repeating structures with the construction of a hierarchical transport system.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of constructing a hierarchical system of network interaction of virtual workstations, virtual workstations are given the opportunity to dynamically be configured on any number of nodes on the local network that unites the computers of the complex of technical means of the automated system, forming a spatially independent information lattice formed by repeating structures, at the same time, to ensure network interaction of software processes of the system executable modules are formed that form the transport system in the form of an information lattice, and executable modules are located in the nodes of this lattice, and the links of the lattice create repeating structures, all processes are autonomous and are divided into zones, in each of which all processes are closed to a process manager, which is a system an element that performs only service functions, and the transport system for transmitting information processed by processes is performed hierarchically with a single vertex, where each dispatch process is associated only with one superior dispatcher providing transportation services

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1, 2 is a diagram of the union of two transport systems (TS);

figure 3 is a combination of the launch of the transport system on intermediate variants of the number of computers;

figure 4 - connection diagram of processes to the dispatcher.

The implementation of the invention.

Workplace virtualization.

A workplace is a hardware-software complex that solves the tasks of one NPP official.

The independence of jobs from their territorial location is defined as the free migration of software within the complex of technical equipment of nuclear power plants. In this case, the option is possible when all the jobs are collected within the same workstation (the minimum option). The ideal option is one workstation - one workstation. In the event of a surplus of technical equipment, several workstations can occupy jobs.

The technical solution is based on the implementation of significant independence of software modules (processes) and the openness of their interfaces.

In addition, the interaction of these modules (processes) is based on a special platform of executable modules that form the transport system. These modules can form arbitrary configurations, located on arbitrary nodes of the data network.

Isomorphic scaling.

The essence of the AC built on this technology is to create an information grid, in the nodes of which the elements of the transport system are located. Several links of this lattice create repeating structures that can be propagated an undetermined number of times. Those. AS complex can expand (or decrease) due to duplicated information structures.

Duplication of information structures can be carried out by the complex itself, or as such, structures of similar complexes that have entered into interaction with this particular complex can be used. By a similar complex we mean a complex assembled according to the presented technology.

In principle, the expansion of the NPP under consideration is possible not only due to similar information structures - the main thing is that “building materials” of this technology are used as building elements of architecture.

One more property follows from this: AS interaction due to the merger of architectures made on this technology.

One of the applications of this type of speaker is as follows. Imagine the existence of some territorial limited speakers with good performance (base speakers) and several mobile speakers with extremely low technical resources. If all the considered speakers are implemented using this technology, then these mobile speakers from time to time can interact with the base speaker and, at the same time, use its potential to carry out their calculations and adjust their tasks, i.e. at some point, there is always an extended speaker (base + one or more mobile), which is holistic and can solve the problems available for such an architecture.

The principles of building an automated system based on independent software components implemented by separate executable modules - processes.

The idea of such an architecture is to maximize the independence of processes, that is, in their ability to boot and function autonomously. In this case, any computer on the network can become a process runtime, and the process itself does not care about the place of its physical loading.

Each process processes the information arriving to it and gives it to other processes. There is a kind of conveyor on which processes perform their operations, and at the output we get a ready-made result.

The principle of independence, (autonomy) of processes allows us to solve the issue of grouping dynamically, that is, during the operation of the AU, without interrupting its operation. Moreover, the same principle allows reconfiguration of the entire system also without rebooting.

The total process space is divided into separate zones. These zones, as well as processes, can be physically located within the speakers in an arbitrary order, but with the condition that they do not intersect with each other. All processes of one zone are closed by a special dispatch process, which performs only service functions, that is, it is a system element of the AU. Processes and dispatchers are linked into a single structure thanks to a typical process. It defines the basis of other processes and dispatchers of the system, that is, other processes and dispatchers are the heirs of the class "typical process". The task of a typical process is, firstly, to establish communication with dispatchers and, secondly, to receive and transmit information messages. The heir class uses ready-made implementations of the above properties of a typical process and provides the developer with calls to the functions of these implementations.

The architecture of the hierarchical system of network interaction of software components of the system.

To ensure network interaction in the complex, special dispatch processes are involved, the combination of which forms a single environment for the functioning of the complex, into which other processes are immersed. Many processes connected to one dispatcher form an AWP.

The transport system of the complex performs two main tasks:

- provides network interaction of processes;

- composes the workstation of the complex.

The transport system (TS) is built hierarchically. Each client has only one dispatcher above itself, which acts for him as a server that provides transport services. However, any dispatcher can act as a client in relation to a superior dispatcher, and as such for a superior, he is no different from the ordinary application process. Since any dispatcher can have one and only one host server as a client, the transport system is a hierarchical system with a single vertex. In other words, there is always one and only one dispatcher in the system, which is not any client.

From the foregoing it follows that the transport system in the general case is multi-level and asymmetric, with an unlimited number of levels. The closest analogues to the TS are the Linux file system and the MS Windows logical disk file system. The dispatcher is an analog of the directory (folder) of the file system, the client is an analog of the file. However, there is one fundamental difference - the TS does not have a fixed vertex (an analog of the root folder), since the TS is dynamically expandable both down from the top (like a file one) and up. That is, there is always a vertex and is unique at any moment, but unlike the root folder ("\" in MS Windows or "/" in Linux), it can at any time give way to a different status (however, external to that TS , which was made by the peak losing its status). The situation of vertex change will occur in the case when the vertex (central) server of some autonomously working TS will connect to any of the dispatchers of another TS. In this case, two private vehicles will merge into one, and the central dispatcher of the second vehicle will become the common peak of the combined vehicle.

The scheme for combining two vehicles is presented in figures 1 and 2.

The flexibility of constructing the TS illustrated above is achieved, first of all, due to the fact that a dispatcher module, uniform from the point of view of program code, functions at any level in it. Essentially, concepts like "main dispatcher", "central dispatcher" disappear here. The rank of the dispatcher can be changed quickly, either by connecting to another server on his own or by connecting another dispatcher as a client to it.

For application programmers developing processes embedded in the system, the dispatcher is a separate independent software module, the internal filling of which is not available to them. The method of communication with the dispatcher does not depend on the development environment of the application process, including the operating system and the programming language, and is determined only by its interface.

The transport system is a system of executable modules loaded before the start of the speaker. This is a fairly independent and self-sufficient education. For TS, the functional implementation of AS is indifferent. The TS executable modules can be downloaded both on one computer on the network, or on several, based on one dispatcher - one computer. A combination of starting the vehicle on intermediate variants of the number of computers is possible (Fig. 3).

It is understood that each AWP is deployed on a separate computer. This is quite logical when you consider that the operator controls the workstation, which finds it difficult to share, for example, equipment such as a keyboard with another same user. However, a number of processes can only perform service functions, without any operator intervention. In this case, the dispatcher and processes connected to it can migrate to the computers of the speakers - their location is not important. In fact, a combination is possible in which the dispatcher and part of the processes connected to it are located on one computer, and the other part on another (Fig. 4). This option is also possible for processes in the workstation.

This drawing shows the migration of the processes that form AWP_3, within the automated system, to other computers that support the work of AWP_1 and AWP_2.

Claims (1)

A method for constructing a hierarchical system of network interaction of virtual workstations, in which the independence of virtual workstations from their territorial location is achieved by free migration of software within the complex of technical means of an automated system (AS), for which virtual workstations are given the opportunity to dynamically configure on any number of nodes on the local network uniting computers of a complex of technical means of an automated system, forming a space a substantially independent information lattice formed by repeating structures, while to ensure the network interaction of the program processes of the system, there are executable modules that form the transport system in the form of an information lattice, and executable modules are located in the nodes of this lattice, while the lattice links create repeating structures, all processes are autonomous and divided into zones, in each of which all processes are closed by a dispatcher process, which is a system element that performs only service Functions and transport the processed information transmission system process is performed hierarchically with a single vertex, where each process dispatcher associated with only one higher-level controller, providing transportation services.

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