RU2479954C1 - Plant for microwave treatment of loose products or materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: plant comprises a working chamber connected to a microwave generator, a loading and an unloading devices arranged diametrically oppositely on the upper and lower sides of the working chamber, a transporting device made of a radiolucent device and installed horizontally with the possibility to change the angle of inclination. The working chamber is equipped with another microwave generator and is rigidly fixed on the frame. On the frame there are units of its connection with a fixed base installed at two opposite sides in the horizontal plane. At the same time the units of connection are arranged as movable for provision of the possibility to swing a frame together with the working chamber relative to their horizontal axis. Swinging is carried out with the help of a drive system connected with the frame in its turn. At the same time the transporting device of the working chamber is arranged in the form of trays, which are rigidly fixed on the front and rear walls of the working chamber in three tiers relative to each other along the vertical axis. The upper and lower trays are installed with an inclination at the angle that is different from the angle of inclination of the middle tray relative to the horizontal axis of rotation. The width of each tray in the horizontal plane across the axis of rotation is equal to the width of the working chamber.

EFFECT: simplified design of a plant and provision of its easy maintenance with preservation of device operation reliability.

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Description

The invention relates to microwave technology, and in particular to installations designed for the heat treatment of various bulk products or materials, and can find application for these purposes in any industry, including food, processing, veterinary and sanitary, and others, as well as agricultural production.

The problem is that as any product is dried by traditional thermal methods, the outer layers dry out first. A dried crust will soon form on the surface, which prevents the penetration of heat into the product and the release of evaporated moisture to the outside. The closer the humidity of the product to the required equilibrium (usually 10-15%), the more complicated and longer the drying process becomes.

When the product is heated externally, the temperature gradient between its inner layers is always directed towards the center of the product and thermal diffusion inhibits drying. The main difference between microwave dehydration and traditional drying methods lies precisely in the "volume" of heating: heat does not penetrate the product from the surface, but is formed immediately in the entire volume. In this case, the moisture is squeezed out to the surface, from where it can be easily removed by the air flow. Microwave drying also has the advantage that it does not have heat transfer from the heater or coolant, the heat source is the product itself.

Known "microwave installation for drying bulk products" containing a heating chamber, a multi-element conveyor for the processed material, means for introducing microwave energy, air inlet, input and output of the product, characterized in that the heating chamber contains three stages of heating sections, multi-element conveyor made in the form of three belt conveyors located each in the corresponding heating section, while the belt conveyors of the adjacent heating sections are made with the possibility of counter direction of movement, the means of introducing microwave energy are made in the form of waveguide-slot irradiators installed transversely and above the conveyor belts, and are connected alternately to two groups of microwave generators installed on the outer side walls of the heating chamber, the means of introducing air are windows made in the heating sections and the vented cooling ducts of the group of microwave generators of the corresponding heating section connected to them by the output ends, while in the first and third, counting by ode material movement, heating sections mounted slotted waveguide antenna feeds and the second heating section is connected to the microwave generators via communication windows executed on one or both end walls of the heating section.

RF patent for the invention No. 2050704, IPC: H05B 6/64, publication date: 12/20/1995. It is known "Device for microwave drying of bulk material" containing a microwave generator connected to a heating chamber, loading and unloading tunnels attached to the heating chamber, a conveyor consisting of sections formed by a conveyor and rectangular plates placed across the conveyor, and in the device microwave generators are additionally introduced, each microwave generator is connected through a length of the waveguide to the irradiator installed in the heating chamber above the conveyor, in a checkerboard pattern, the heating chamber nabzhena quarter-wave chokes with an absorber placed at the inlet and outlet of the heating chamber.

RF patent for the invention No. 2073961; MKI: H05B 6/64; publ. 01/10/99 g.

It is known "Device for the electromagnetic processing of bulk dielectric materials", containing the main waveguide connected to the microwave generator through the supply waveguide, located perpendicular to the main waveguide and connected to it at the same distance from the ends of the main waveguide, equal to at least one wavelength in the main waveguide, and a heating chamber made in the form of a thin-walled tube made of a transparent material for microwave energy, coaxially mounted in the cavity of the main waveguide material and connected to at opposite ends with loading and unloading nodes, wherein the main waveguide is made in the form of a circular waveguide combined with each other with an inner diameter d of the main waveguide, in which two diametrically arranged longitudinal slots of width t and a length equal to the length of the circular waveguide, and two equal halves a longitudinally dissected rectangular waveguide in the E-plane with internal transverse dimensions a and b, where a≥b.

RF patent for the invention No. 2382529, MKI: H05B 6/78 1/14; D. publ. 2010.02.20.

"Conveyor-type microwave oven" containing at least one microwave generator, one heating chamber, one belt conveyor and two gateways installed at the inlet and outlet of the conveyor belt from the heating chamber, the latter is multimode, the gateway cases are made of metal and grooves are made on the inner surface, separated from each other by partitions having the form of serrated combs, with each gateway having a dielectric pipe fixedly mounted in the gateway body, reflected curtains installed in the dielectric cavity pipe with the possibility of rotation on its axis, at a distance from one another, a multiple of ½ of the wavelength of the microwave generator.

RF patent for the invention No. 2060600, IPC: H05B 6/64; D. publ. 1996.05.20.

The closest analogue to the proposed invention is the "Installation for the thermal processing of bulk dielectric materials" containing a working chamber connected to a microwave generator, loading and unloading devices placed diametrically opposite on the walls of the working chamber, and a transporting device, the latter being installed horizontally and made of radiolucent material, on the surface of which non-magnetic metal blades are installed along a helical line with a gap material with the ability to change the angle of inclination.

RF patent for the invention No. 2311002, IPC: H05B 6/78; D. publ. 2007.11.20.

The disadvantages of the above inventions include the complexity of the designs of their devices and the difficulties arising from the maintenance of such installations.

The technical result includes simplifying the design of the installation and ensuring its easy maintenance while maintaining the reliability of the operation of the device by using the design of the device with the possibility of swinging the frame with the working chamber relative to their horizontal axis and providing the transporting device of the working chamber with trays installed at different angles of inclination to the horizontal plane and the ability to change these angles as a result of the swing of the frame with the working chamber of the installation.

The above technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Installation for microwave processing of bulk products or materials" contains a working chamber connected to a microwave generator, loading and unloading devices placed diametrically opposite on the upper and lower walls of the working chamber. In addition, the installation has a conveying device made of radiolucent material and mounted horizontally with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination. The working chamber is equipped with another microwave generator and is rigidly fixed to the frame. On the frame are placed on two opposite sides in a horizontal plane the nodes of its connection with a fixed base. In this case, the connection nodes are made movable to allow the frame to swing together with the working chamber relative to their horizontal axis. The swing is carried out using a drive system, which in turn is connected to the frame. In this case, the transporting device of the working chamber is made in the form of trays that are rigidly fixed to the front and rear walls of the working chamber in three tiers relative to each other along the vertical axis. The upper and lower trays are installed with an inclination at an angle that is different from the angle of inclination of the middle tray relative to the horizontal axis of rotation. The width of each tray in the horizontal plane across the axis of rotation is equal to the width of the working chamber. The length of each tray in the horizontal plane along the axis of rotation is made along the length of the working chamber relative to its side walls with a gap that ensures that the treated product is poured when the device is swinging from one tier of trays to another. The side walls of the chamber are equipped with doors for access and ventilation. The installation is provided with starting and driving mechanisms, monitoring and control devices, as well as a control panel

The installation of microwave processing of products or materials is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 - installation of microwave processing of products or materials (front view diagram).

Figure 2 - installation of microwave processing of products or materials (side view diagram).

Figure 3 - installation of microwave processing of products or materials (cross section of the working chamber).

Figure 4 - installation of microwave processing of products or materials (General view).

The installation according to figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 contains: two microwave generators, each of which is equipped with a magnetron 1 and a power supply unit 2. Also, a working heating chamber 3 connected to the microwave generator, loading 4 and unloading 5 devices located diametrically opposite on the upper and lower walls of the working chamber 3. The working chamber 3 is rigidly mounted on a frame 6 connected to two opposite sides with a fixed base 7, while the connection nodes 8 are made with the possibility of swinging the frame 6 with the working chamber 3 relative to their horizontal si. The transporting device of the working chamber 3 is made in the form of trays 9 of radiolucent material, which are rigidly fixed to the front and rear walls of the working chamber in three tiers relative to each other along the vertical axis. Moreover, if necessary, the trays are easily reset to another position and any angle of their inclination can be adjusted depending on the product being processed and the necessary time interval for it to be on three tiers of trays and, accordingly, in the processing zone. Installation is easy to maintain and allows you to quickly replace or change its individual elements. The upper and lower trays 9 are installed with an inclination at an angle that is different from the angle of inclination of the middle tray relative to the horizontal axis of rotation. The width of each tray 9 in the horizontal plane across the axis of rotation is equal to the width of the working chamber 3. The length of each tray 9 in the horizontal plane along the axis of rotation is made along the length of the working chamber relative to its side walls with a gap that ensures that the processed product is dumped when the device is swinging from one tier of trays another. The side walls of the chamber are equipped with doors 10 for access and ventilation. Mounting elements 11 are made on the basis of 7. The installation is provided with a drive system 12 for swinging the frame 6 with a working chamber 3, starting and driving mechanisms, monitoring and control devices, as well as a control panel.

The principle of operation of the installation of microwave processing of products or materials is as follows. After turning on the electric drive and ventilation, the movement of the working chamber 3 begins, as indicated in figure 2. Through the upper loading device 4, the product to be processed is fed to trays of radiolucent material 9. After that, the first and second microwave generators are turned on from the control panel. Under the action of the swing of the chamber 3, the processed bulk material is moved, small objects of which roll and slide along the inclined swinging surface of the trays 9 under the action of gravity and through the lower unloading unit 5 are put into packaging. In the process, the processed product, such as pasta, is dried to the required percentage moisture content of 13-16%. Doors were made at the end of the chamber for quick access inside 10. As sources of microwave energy for processing bulk dielectric materials, we used a microwave generator developed at the institute that contains a magnetron, step-up transformer, high-voltage capacitor, and high-voltage diode.

The installation can be used for drying bulk products: grain, cereals, pasta, dried fruits, some spices, dried mushrooms, etc., as well as for microwave exposure to them for the purpose, for example, disinsection and inactivation of microorganisms. Effects on legumes (beans, beans, peas) are very effective for destroying a grain or for preventing infection with it. Interesting results are obtained with pre-sowing microwave treatment of seeds of grain and leguminous crops to increase their germination and germination energy.

Specifications:

- Productivity (humidity 12-16%), kg / h: up to 300;

- Installed power, kW / h: 4;

- Power supply, V / Hz: 380/50;

- The minimum occupied area, m ² , 3;

- Water consumption, l / min: up to 2;

- Dimensions (DSHV), mm: 1200 × 1000 × 1500.

The installation proposed as an invention is structurally simple and easy to maintain, as well as reliable in operation, which ensures that the microwave processing of bulk materials or products ensures uniform heating throughout the entire volume of the processed material and high productivity of the heating or drying process at a relatively low level of power consumption and small loss of microwave energy, that is, it has the ability to obtain high quality heating or drying of the processed material and a high coefficient of useful d ystviya device.

Claims (1)

Installation for microwave processing of bulk products or materials, containing a working chamber connected to a microwave generator, loading and unloading devices placed diametrically opposite on the upper and lower walls of the working chamber, a conveying device made of radio-transparent material and mounted horizontally with the ability to change the angle tilt, in addition, the installation is provided with starting and driving mechanisms, monitoring and control devices, as well as a control panel, characterized by that the working chamber is equipped with another microwave generator and is rigidly fixed to the frame, on which from two opposite sides in the horizontal plane there are nodes of its connection with a fixed base, while the connection nodes are made movable to allow the frame to swing together with the working chamber relative to them horizontal axis, the frame is equipped with a drive system, in turn, the transporting device of the working chamber is made in the form of trays that are rigidly fixed to the front and rear walls of the working chamber s in three tiers relative to each other along the vertical axis, the upper and lower trays installed with an inclination at an angle that is different from the angle of inclination of the middle tray relative to the horizontal axis of rotation, while the width of each tray in the horizontal plane across the axis of rotation is equal to the width of the working chamber, and the length of the tray in the horizontal plane along the axis of rotation is made along the length of the working chamber relative to its side walls with a gap that ensures that the treated product is poured when the device is swinging from one tiers of trays on the other, moreover, the side walls of the chamber are provided with doors for access and ventilation.

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