RU2453737C1 - Groove-type generator of vortex flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: proposed generator serves to create vortex flow from translating fluid flow and may be used air conditioning systems and heat tubes for perfecting their performances and may be used in cars, trains, aircraft, etc. Generator is made up of container comprising confuser, diffuser, vortex chamber with swirling device and outlet device. Note here that swirling device is made up of guide grooves arranged on diffuser surface behind the neck. Said generator may be furnished with inlet grooves made at neck to extend forward into confuser. Note that inlet grooves feature round surface with linear generating lines parallel with container lengthwise axis and communicating with guide grooves via curved sections to form integral channels.

EFFECT: simple design, reliable operation.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to technical physics, and more particularly to devices for creating a vortex flow from a translational fluid flow, and can be used in air conditioning systems, heat pipes to improve their characteristics. The invention can also be used on vehicles: cars, trains, aircraft, ships, vortex propellers, pipelines to improve their characteristics.

State of the art

Known end vortex generator for an aerodynamic bearing surface, containing a hollow nacelle with a high ratio of flow section and midsection, equipped with an input device with a diffuser, nozzle and a twisting device. The inner surface of the diffuser is made with guiding elements deflecting the flow in the tangential direction so that the passing air through the nacelle swirls in the opposite direction of the rotation of the end vortex (see RF patent 2148529 C1, 2000).

In this case, the vortex generator is installed at the end of the wing.

Known vortex generator, mainly for wingtip of an aircraft, including a nacelle with an input device containing a confuser, and a vortex chamber containing a diffuser and a twisting device. In this case, the diffuser is made with an inner surface formed by a small diffuser with a divergence angle of 1-5 °, the input cross section communicated with the confuser, and the output cross section connected to the output cross section of the diffuser with an end surface curved in the cross section, providing a smooth expansion of the flow at the output, and a twisting device, for example, in the form of guide vanes is made on the surface of a small diffuser (see RF patent No. 2389649, 2010).

A disadvantage of the known solutions is that the guide vanes located on the surface of the diffuser create significant resistance, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the generator.

Also known is a vortex flow generator made in the form of a hollow nacelle containing a confuser and a diffuser forming a neck. At the same time, a twisting device is made on the inner surface of the cylindrical neck in the form of grooves arranged around the circumference on the neck surface, the direction of which is a predetermined angle equal to 5-30 ° with the axis of the neck. The outlet cross section of the diffuser is communicated with a nozzle (see RF patent No. 2389649, 2010).

The disadvantage of this generator is that the grooves located in the neck at an angle to the axis of the nacelle (i.e., at an angle to the flow), where the flow has a maximum speed, also create significant resistance.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to develop a vortex flow generator (GWP), operating in a translational fluid flow, which would have increased efficiency, i.e. would create a significant vortex flow with minimal inherent resistance.

In addition, the GWP should be simple in design and reliable.

The problem is achieved in that in a vortex flow generator made in the form of a nacelle with an input device containing a confuser, a diffuser, a vortex chamber, with a swirl device and an output device, while the swirl device is made in the form of guide grooves, the guide grooves are made on the surface of the diffuser behind the neck.

In addition, each of the guide grooves is made with a surface radially in cross section containing the front, middle and output sections, while the front section is made with increasing depth from the beginning to the middle section, the middle section is made with a constant depth, and the output section is made with decreasing depth to the end of the groove and with its surface forming parallel to the axis of the nacelle.

Moreover, the grooved vortex flow generator can be equipped with inlet grooves made in the neck region and extending forward into the confuser, while the inlet grooves are made with a surface radially in cross section, the linear generatrices of which are parallel to the axis of the nacelle, and the curved sections communicating with the guide grooves that form single channels with them.

This implementation of GWP increases its effectiveness.

List of drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings in which:

- Figure 1 shows a General view of a generator made in accordance with the invention, with a partial longitudinal tear along its axis;

- Figure 2 shows a section aa of figure 1;

- Figure 3 shows a section aa of figure 1 for an alternative implementation of GWP;

- Figure 4 shows a General view of an improved generator made in accordance with the invention, with a partial longitudinal tear along its axis.

The implementation of the invention

The vortex flow generator (see FIG. 1) is made in the form of a hollow nacelle 1. The nacelle is made with an internal air path containing an input device 2 arranged in series and connected to each other, made in the form of a confuser 3, a diffuser 4, a vortex chamber 5 and an output device 6. The gondola is also equipped with a twisting device.

The diffuser 4 is made with an inner surface formed by a small diffuser with a divergence angle of 1-5 °, an inlet cross section communicated with the confuser 3, and an outlet cross section connected to the vortex chamber 5 by an end surface 12 curved in cross section, providing a smooth expansion of the flow at the outlet.

The vortex chamber 5 is made cylindrical, passing into the output device 6 and separately from the diffuser. The main purpose of the vortex chamber is to create a stable structure of the vortex flow, which is provided by the choice of its required length. The nacelle is equipped with a swirling device, the purpose of which is to convert a stream of air passing through the air path into a vortex stream. The twisting device is made in the form of guide grooves 7, evenly spaced around the entire circumference of the surface of the diffuser 4 behind the neck 9. The guide grooves 7 are made so that their direction leaves the predetermined angle 8 with the axis of the nacelle when looking at the surface of the diffuser. The angle 8 can be selected equal to 5-30 ° depending on the desired flow swirl.

Each of the guide grooves 7 is made with a radial in cross section surface 9 (see Figure 2). The value of the radius 11 and the pitch of the grooves 10 are selected from the condition of maximum efficiency of one groove with a minimum aerodynamic (hydraulic) drag of the nacelle. However, the twist of the flow will be minimal. To increase the impact on the flow, the number of grooves can be increased. In the extreme case, the grooves on the surface of the diffuser can be located close to each other. A cross section of the nacelle 13 with such guide grooves 14 is shown in FIG. In this case, the grooves form a partition 15 with sharp peaks.

Each of the guide grooves 7 may include a front 16, middle 17 and output 18 sections. In this case, the front section 16 can be made with increasing depth from the beginning to the middle section, the middle section 17 can be made with a constant depth, and the outlet section 18 can be made with decreasing depth to the end of the groove and with its surface parallel to the axis of the nacelle.

Another embodiment of the vortex vortex flow generator is shown in FIG. 4.

The vortex flow generator is made in the form of a hollow nacelle 19. The nacelle is made with an internal air path containing an input device 20 arranged in series and communicating with each other, made in the form of a confuser 21, a diffuser 22, a vortex chamber 23 and an output device 24. The nacelle is also equipped with a twisting device .

The diffuser 22 is made with an inner surface formed by a small diffuser with a divergence angle of 1-5 °, the inlet cross section communicated with the confuser 21, and the outlet cross section connected to the vortex chamber 23 with an end surface curved in cross section, providing a smooth expansion of the flow at the outlet.

The twisting device is made in the form of guide grooves 25, evenly spaced around the entire circumference of the surface of the diffuser 22 behind the neck. The guide grooves 25 are designed so that their direction leaves the predetermined angle 26 with the axis of the nacelle when viewed from the surface of the diffuser. The angle 26 can be selected equal to 5-30 ° depending on the desired swirl flow.

Each of the guide grooves 25 is made with a radius radially in cross section. The radius and pitch of the grooves are selected from the condition of maximum efficiency of one groove with a minimum aerodynamic (hydraulic) drag of the nacelle. However, the twist of the flow will be minimal. To increase the impact on the flow, the number of grooves can be increased. In the extreme case, the grooves on the surface of the diffuser can be located close to each other.

The GWP is equipped with inlet grooves 27 made in the neck region and extending forward into the confuser 21. In this case, the inlet grooves are made with a surface radially in cross section, the linear generatrices of which are parallel to the axis of the nacelle, and the curved sections 28 communicating with the guide grooves 25 so that they form with single channels.

The guide grooves in the presented GWPs are made at the same angle to the longitudinal axis of the air (water) tract (when viewed on its surface) along the entire circumference of its cross section so that the air flow deviates from the surface of the vortex chamber in a tangential direction, which leads to a swirl of the flow passing through the gondola, turning it into a vortex. The direction of inclination of the guide grooves is selected depending on the desired direction of flow swirl.

The nacelle can be solid or detachable, made of metal or composite materials based on existing technologies and equipped with fasteners for attaching it to the product structure.

GWP works as follows. The incoming air (water or other liquid) after passing through the confuser and the diffuser enters the guide grooves, which deflect the flow at the wall of the vortex chamber, twisting it in one direction, creating a vortex flow.

Due to the fact that the guide vanes are located behind the diffuser, in the zone of reduced flow rates, the pulse loss is minimal, which in turn leads to an increase in the efficiency of the HWP.

Claims (3)

1. The grooved vortex flow generator, made in the form of a nacelle with an input device containing a confuser, a diffuser, a vortex chamber, a swirl device and an output device, while the swirl device is made in the form of guide grooves located on a circle on the inner surface of the nacelle, the direction of which is with the axis of the nacelle a predetermined angle, characterized in that the guide grooves are made on the surface of the diffuser behind the neck. 2. The grooved vortex flow generator according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the guide grooves is made with a surface radially in cross section and containing the front, middle and output sections, while the front section is made with increasing depth from the beginning to the middle section, the middle section is made with constant depth, and the outlet section is made with decreasing depth to the end of the groove and with its surface forming parallel to the axis of the nacelle. 3. The grooved vortex flow generator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with inlet grooves made in the neck region and extending forward into the confuser, while the inlet grooves are made with a surface radially in cross section, the linear generatrices of which are parallel to the axis of the nacelle, and communicating with guide grooves in curved sections so that they form single channels with them.

Images