RU2452120C2 - Efficient system identification schemes for communication systems - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: systems and methodologies are described that facilitate efficiently indicating parameter(s) associated with a base station utilising synchronisation signals in a wireless communication environment. For instance, relative locations of a PSC and a SSC in a radio frame can be a function of a parameter. Further, a PSC sequence utilised to generate PSCs can be selected based upon a parameter. Moreover, inclusion or exclusion of PSCs from a radio frame can be a function of a parameter. Additionally or alternatively, pseudo random sequence mappings (e.g., to cell IDs, tone locations) can be a function of a parameter. Example parameters can be whether the base station is part of a TDD or a FDD system, whether the radio frame employs FS1 or FS2, whether the base station is associated with a macro or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast or a multicast system.

EFFECT: higher throughput.

80 cl, 14 dwg

Description

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims the priority of provisional patent application (USA) serial number 60/979056, entitled "EFFICIENT SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS", filed October 10, 2007, provisional patent application (USA) serial number 60/982265, entitled "EFFICIENT SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS", filed October 24, 2007, and provisional patent application (USA) serial number 61/023528, entitled "EFFICIENT SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION SCHEMES FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS", which was filed January 25, 2008 All of the above applications are contained in this document by reference.

State of the art

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The following description relates generally to wireless communications, and more specifically to the use of an effective scheme for indicating system parameter (s) in a wireless communications system.

State of the art

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communications; for example, voice and / or data may be provided through such wireless communication systems. A typical wireless communication system or network may provide multiple users with access to one or more shared resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). For example, the system can use many multiple access techniques, such as frequency division multiplexing (FDM), time division multiplexing (TDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), etc. .

In general, multiple access wireless communication systems can support simultaneous communication for multiple access terminals. Each access terminal can communicate with one or more base stations by transmitting on the forward and reverse links. The forward communication line (or downlink) refers to the communication line from base stations to access terminals, and the reverse communication line (or uplink) refers to the communication line from access terminals to base stations. Such a communication link can be established through a single-input-single-output, multiple-input-single-output, or multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system.

MIMO systems typically use multiple (N _T ) transmit antennas and multiple (N _R ) receive antennas for data transmission. A MIMO channel formed by N _T transmit and N _R receive antennas can be decomposed into N _S independent channels, which may be referred to as spatial channels, where N _S ≤ {N _T , N _R }. Each of the N _S independent channels corresponds to a measurement. Moreover, MIMO systems can provide increased performance (for example, better spectral efficiency, increased throughput and / or increased reliability) if additional dimensions created by multiple transmit and receive antennas are used.

MIMO systems can support various duplex techniques to separate forward and reverse link communications over a common physical environment. For example, frequency division duplex (FDD) systems may use incomparable frequency domains for forward and reverse link communications. Additionally, in a time division duplex (TDD) communication system, data transmission on the forward and reverse links can use a common frequency domain so that the reciprocity rule makes it possible to evaluate the forward link channel from the reverse link channel.

Wireless communication systems often use one or more base stations that provide coverage. A typical base station may transmit multiple data streams for broadcast, multicast and / or unicast services, while the data stream may be a data stream that may be of particular interest for reception via a mobile terminal. An access terminal within the coverage area of such a base station may be used to receive one, several, or all of the data streams carried by the composite stream. Similarly, an access terminal may transmit data to a base station or other access terminal.

Different parameter (s) may be associated with each base station in a wireless communication system. Parameter (s) may relate to the type of radio frame structure, duplex technology, cell type, unicast mode compared to multicast mode, etc. For example, a base station may use one of two possible radio frame structures (for example, frame structure type 1 or frame structure type 2, as set forth in the technical requirements for UMTS Enhanced Terrestrial Radio Access Technology (E-UTRA)). Additionally, the base station may be part of a TDD system or FDD system. In addition, the base station may be associated with a macro cell or a femto cell. Additionally or alternatively, the base station may be part of a unicast system or a multicast system.

Traditionally, the access terminal does not have information on the parameter (s) associated with the base station with which it interacts after initializing the connection between itself. For example, after turning on the power, the access terminal may begin to transmit data and / or receive data from a particular base station. However, the access terminal may not know the type of radio frame structure, duplex technology, cell type and / or unicast / multicast mode used or associated with the base station with which it is communicating.

Standard technologies used by access terminals to identify the different parameter (s) associated with the respective base stations are often inefficient and time consuming. By way of illustration, the access terminal typically detects by decoding information sent over the broadcast channel, as well as subsequent information transmitted. Thus, signals sent by the base station are typically decoded to determine one or more of the above parameters. However, decoding these signals can at best be difficult when this parameter (s) is unknown. According to an example, the access terminal may not be able to distinguish between using type 1 of the frame structure and type 2 of the frame structure when using cyclic prefix blind detection (CP).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following is a simplified summary of one or more embodiments in order to provide a basic understanding of these embodiments. This entity is not a comprehensive overview of all considered embodiments, and it does not intend either to identify key or critical elements of all embodiments, or to outline the scope of any or all embodiments. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more embodiments in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detailed description that is presented later.

In accordance with one or more embodiments and their intended disclosure, various aspects are described in connection with simplifying the efficient indication of parameter (s) associated with a base station using synchronization signals in a wireless communication environment. For example, the relative locations of the PSC and SSC in the radio frame may be a function of the parameter. Additionally, the PSC sequence used to form the PSC may be selected based on a parameter. In addition, the inclusion or exclusion of PSC from a radio frame may be a function of the parameter. Additionally or alternatively, pseudo-random sequence transformations (for example, into cell identifiers, tone locations) may be a function of a parameter. Exemplary parameters may be those that the base station is part of a TDD or FDD system, uses the radio frame FS1 or FS2, the base station is associated with a macro or femtocell, or the base station is associated with a unicast or multicast system.

According to related aspects, a method that facilitates identification of one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment is described herein. The method may include generating a primary (primary) synchronization code (PSC) and an additional (secondary) synchronization code (SSC). Additionally, the method may comprise scheduling the PSC and SSC at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to the base station. Furthermore, the method may include transmitting a downlink radio frame to indicate a first parameter based on relative locations of the PSC and SSC.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communication device. The wireless communication device may include a storage device that stores instructions related to selecting a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSC) based on a first parameter of a base station, generating a primary synchronization code (PSC) based on a selected PSC sequence and transmitting a radio frame that includes the generated PSC, in the downlink, to indicate the first parameter based on the selected PSC sequence. Additionally, the wireless communication device may include a processor coupled to the storage device, configured to implement instructions stored in the storage device.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communication device that provides an efficient indication of one or more parameters for at least one access terminal in a wireless communication environment. The wireless communication device may include means for dispatching a primary synchronization code (PSC) and an additional synchronization code (SSC) at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to the base station. Additionally, the wireless communication device may include means for sending a downlink radio frame to identify a first parameter based on relative locations of the PSC and SSC.

Another aspect relates to a computer program product, which may include computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may include a code for selecting a sequence of primary synchronization (PSC) codes based on a first parameter of a base station. Additionally, the computer-readable medium may include code for generating a primary synchronization code (PSC) based on the selected PSC sequence. In addition, the computer-readable medium may include code for transmitting a radio frame, which includes a downlink generated PSC, to indicate a first parameter based on a selected PSC sequence.

In accordance with another aspect, a device in a wireless communication system may include a processor, wherein the processor may be configured to dispatch the primary synchronization code (PSC) and the secondary synchronization code (SSC) at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to base station. In addition, the processor may be configured to send the radio frame in the downlink to identify the first parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC.

According to other aspects, a method that facilitates decoding at least one parameter corresponding to a base station in a wireless communication environment is described herein. The method may include receiving a radio frame from a base station. Furthermore, the method may include analyzing a radio frame to determine at least one of: relative locations of different types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of timing signals. Additionally, the method may comprise recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communication device, which may include a storage device that stores instructions related to receiving a radio frame from a base station by analyzing the radio frame to determine at least one of: relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals, and recognizing at least about Nogo parameter associated with the base station, based on the relative locations of the sequence or includes or not a radio frame are two types of synchronization signals. Additionally, the communication device may include a processor connected to the storage device, configured to implement instructions stored in the storage device.

Another aspect relates to a wireless communication device that provides identification of one or more parameters with respect to a base station in a wireless communication environment. A wireless communication device may include means for analyzing a radio frame received from a base station to decrypt at least one of: relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not radio frames includes two types of synchronization signals. Additionally, the wireless communication device may include means for recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals.

Another aspect relates to a computer program product, which may include computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may include code for analyzing a radio frame received from a base station to decrypt at least one of: relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or includes or not the radio frames are two types of synchronization signals. In addition, the computer-readable medium may comprise code for recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals.

In accordance with another aspect, a device in a wireless communication system may include a processor, wherein the processor may be configured to evaluate a radio frame received from a base station to decrypt at least one of: relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals. Additionally, the processor may be configured to determine at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more embodiments comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of one or more embodiments. However, these aspects point to only some of the many ways in which the principles of various embodiments can be used, and the described embodiments are intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a wireless communication system in accordance with various aspects presented herein.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of an example radio frame with frame structure type 1 (FS1).

FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example radio frame with type 2 frame structure (FS2).

FIG. 4 is an illustration of an example system that employs timing signals to indicate base station parameter (s) in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 5-6 are illustrations of exemplary radio frame structures that apply the relative positions of synchronization signals in order to distribute information related to one or more parameters.

FIG. 7 is an illustration of an example technology that facilitates identifying one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 8 is an illustration of an example technology that facilitates indicating one or more parameters corresponding to a base station in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 9 is an illustration of an example technology that facilitates decoding at least one parameter corresponding to a base station in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 10 is an illustration of an example access terminal that recognizes parameter (s) associated with a base station using an effective identification scheme in a wireless communication system.

FIG. 11 is an illustration of an example system that applies synchronization signals to indicate parameter (s) for access terminals in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 12 is an illustration of an example wireless network environment that can be used in conjunction with various systems and methods described herein.

FIG. 13 is an illustration of an example system that provides an efficient indication of one or more parameters for at least one access terminal in a wireless communication environment.

FIG. 14 is an illustration of an example system that provides an identification of one or more parameters with respect to a base station in a wireless communication environment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Various embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, many specific details are explained in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it may be obvious that these embodiments can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, common structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more embodiments.

When used in this application, the terms "component", "module", "system", etc. are intended to refer to an object connected to a computer or hardware, software and hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software or software during execution. For example, a component may be, but not limited to, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and / or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a computing device and a computing device may be a component. One or more components may be stored within a process and / or thread of execution, and the component may be localized on a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media storing various data structures. Components can communicate through local and / or remote processes, for example, in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (for example, data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system and / or network, for example on the Internet, with other systems through a signal).

The technologies described herein can be used for various wireless communication systems, such as a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a time division multiple access system (TDMA), a frequency division multiple access system (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system and other systems. The terms “system” and “network” are often used interchangeably. A CDMA system can implement such radio technology as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), CDMA2000, etc. UTRA includes Broadband CDMA (W-CDMA) and other CDMA options. CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. A TDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). An OFDMA system can implement such radio technology as Advanced UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra-Broadband Mobile Transmission (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc. d. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Communications System (UMTS). 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) Standard is the upcoming version of UMTS that uses E-UTRA, which uses OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA in the uplink.

Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) applies single carrier modulation and frequency domain compensation. SC-FDMA has similar performance and essentially the same overall complexity as the OFDMA system. The SC-FDMA signal has a lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) due to its inherent single-carrier structure. SC-FDMA can be used, for example, in uplink communications, where low PAPR benefits access terminals in terms of transmit power. Accordingly, SC-FDMA can be implemented as an uplink multiple access scheme in a 3GPP long-term development (LTE) project or advanced UTRA.

Moreover, various embodiments are described herein with an access terminal. An access terminal may also be called a system, subscriber module, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile module, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless device, user agent, user device, or user equipment (UE). The access terminal may be a cellular telephone, a cordless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) telephone, a wireless subscriber access station (WLL), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless handheld device, a computing device or other processing device, connected to a wireless modem. In addition, various embodiments are described herein together with a base station. A base station may be used to communicate with mobile device (s) and may also be referred to as an access point, node B, enhanced node B (eNodeB), or some other terminology.

Moreover, various aspects or features described herein may be implemented as a method, device, or product using standard programming and / or development techniques. The term “product,” as used herein, is intended to comprise a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, medium, or medium. For example, computer-readable media can include, but not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic tape, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact disc (CD), universal digital disk (DVD), etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (for example, EPROM, card, card, flash disk, etc.). Additionally, the various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and / or other computer-readable media for storing information. The term “computer-readable medium” may include, without limitation, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, hosting and / or transferring commands (s) and / or data.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a wireless communication system 100 is illustrated in accordance with various embodiments presented herein. System 100 includes a base station 102, which may include several groups of antennas. For example, one antenna group may include antennas 104 and 106, another group may include antennas 108 and 110, and an additional group may include antennas 112 and 114. Two antennas are illustrated for each antenna group; however, more or fewer antennas can be used for each group. Base station 102 may further include a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit, each of which, in turn, may comprise a plurality of components associated with transmitting and receiving signals (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas etc.), which should be recognized by specialists in this field of technology.

Base station 102 may communicate with one or more access terminals, such as access terminal 116 and access terminal 122; however, it should be appreciated that base station 102 can communicate with virtually any number of access terminals, such as access terminals 116 and 122. Access terminals 116 and 122 may be, for example, cell phones, smartphones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs and / or any other suitable device for communication via wireless communication system 100. As illustrated, the access terminal 116 communicates with antennas 112 and 114, while the antennas 112 and 114 transmit information to the access terminal 116 on the forward link 118 and receive information from the access terminal 116 on the reverse link 120. In addition, the access terminal 122 communicates with antennas 104 and 106, while the antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to the access terminal 122 on the forward link 124 and receive information from the access terminal 122 on the reverse link 126. In a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, for example, forward link 118 may use a frequency band different from that used by reverse link 120, and forward link 124 may use a frequency band different from that used by reverse link 126. Additionally, in a time division duplex (TDD) system, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may apply a common frequency band, and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may apply a common frequency band.

Each group of antennas and / or the area in which they are intended to communicate can be referred to as a sector of the base station 102. For example, groups of antennas can be configured to communicate with access terminals by devices in the sector of the areas covered by base station 102. When communicating over For forward links 118 and 124, the transmitting antennas of base station 102 may use beamforming to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the forward links 118 and 124 for access terminals 116 and 122. In addition, although base station 102 applies beamforming to transmit to access terminals 116 and 122 randomly distributed over associated coverage, access terminals in neighboring cells may be less affected than transmitting the base station through a single antenna during all their access terminals.

System 100 uses an efficient identification scheme for system parameter (s). Base station 102 may apply timing signals to indicate one or more parameters associated with base station 102 for access terminals 116 and 122. By using timing signals to provide notification of various parameter (s) associated with the base station 102, the blind decoding of downlink information by the access terminal 116 and 122 without knowing this parameter (s) may be reduced. Thus, the access terminals 116 and 122 can use the synchronization signals to identify the parameter (s) without blindly decoding information sent on the downlink, which leads to more efficient notification of this parameter (s) for the access terminals 116 and 122.

One or more parameters may be indicated for access terminals 116 and 122 via synchronization signals. For example, synchronization signals may inform access terminals 116 and 122 whether base station 102 uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). According to another illustration, synchronization signals may indicate to access terminals 116 and 122 that the base station 102 is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex system (FDD). According to another example, synchronization signals may indicate to access terminals 116 and 122 that base station 102 is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell. Additionally or alternatively, the synchronization signals may notify access terminals 116 of whether the base station 102 is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. However, it should be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited to the above exemplary parameters; conversely, any other parameters related to the base station 102 are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

One or more types of synchronization signals may be transmitted by base station 102. For example, a primary (primary) synchronization (PSC) code signal and / or secondary (secondary) synchronization (SSC) code signal may be transmitted by base station 102. The primary synchronization code signal may be a signal synchronization used to detect cells during the initial cell search, and the secondary synchronization code signal may be a synchronization signal used to identify cells during the initial cell search.

The main synchronization signal may be generated based on the PSC sequence and called the PSC signal. The PSC sequence can be a constant amplitude sequence with zero autocorrelation (CAZAC), a pseudo random number sequence (PN), etc. Some exemplary CAZAC sequences include a Chu sequence, a Zadov-Chu sequence, a Frank sequence, a generalized linear frequency-modulated sequence (GCL), and the like. The additional synchronization signal may be generated based on the SSC sequence and called the SSC signal. The SSC sequence may be a maximum length sequence (M sequence), a PN sequence, a binary sequence, etc. Additionally, the PSC signal may be referred to as the primary synchronization signal, PSC, etc., and the SSC signal may be referred to as the secondary synchronization signal, SSC, etc.

In system 100, parameters corresponding to base station 102 may be indicated based on one or more factors corresponding to synchronization signals, such as the relative location of different types of synchronization signals within a radio frame, a selected sequence used to generate this type of synchronization signals, inclusion or exclusion of a particular type of synchronization signal, etc. In contrast, conventional technologies often use blind terminal cyclic prefix (CP) detection by access terminals to attempt to identify parameters, which may be inconclusive and / or ineffective. For example, CP lengths may differ between FS2 and FS1 in PSC and SSC (for example, 8.33 microseconds (μs) and 17.71 μs for PSC and SSC, respectively, for FS2 compared to 5.21 μs and 16.67 μs for PSC and SSC, respectively, for FS1). A CP can be blindly detected between a conventional CP (e.g., 5.21 μs) and an extended CP (e.g., 16.67 μs) for an FS1 access terminal. Additionally, the access terminal may apply blind CP detection for FS2 to distinguish between a conventional CP (e.g., 8.33 μs) and an extended CP (e.g., 17.71 μs). As a result, such conventional technologies using blind CP detection may not be able to distinguish between FS1 and FS2.

Additionally, the locations of the main broadcast channel (PBCH) may vary between FS1 and FS2. Blind PBCH decoding, often performed using standard approaches, can be done by doubling the complexity of decoding the PBCH of the access terminal (for example, 24 blind decoding, including blind detection of the antenna and detection of frame boundaries by 40 ms during initial detection at 10 ms), to distinguish FS1 from FS2. In addition, SSC detection can be doubled due to the use of four different CP lengths if unification is not used; however, unification can be unnecessarily costly, provided that FS2 can assume that the guard interval (GP) is absorbed in the CP if FS1 does not carry the extra overhead as usual in FDD CP. Thus, standard technologies may inefficiently distinguish FS1 from FS2.

In addition, conventional technologies may not be able to provide sufficient guard time between the time slot (slot) of the downlink pilot signals (DwPTS) and the time slot (slot) of the pilot uplink signals (UpPTS) for FS2. In contrast, system 100 may provide greater guard time for uplink and downlink switching.

Now referring to FIG. 2-3 illustrate exemplary structures of a radio frame. Two radio frame structures are described in the E-UTRA technical requirements: namely, frame structure type 1 (FS1) and frame structure type 2 (FS2). FS1 may be applicable to both FDD and TDD systems, while FS2 may be applicable to TDD systems. It will be appreciated that FIG. 2-3 are provided as an illustration, and the disclosed subject matter is not limited by the scope of these examples (for example, radio frames of any duration, number of subframes, number of time slices, etc. may be used, etc.).

Turning to FIG. 2, an exemplary radio frame with frame structure type 1 (FS1) 200 is illustrated. Radio frame FS1 200 can be applied in conjunction with FDD or TDD. Additionally, the FS1 200 radio frame may be a 10 ms radio frame, which includes 20 time slots (for example, a time slice 0, ..., a time slice 19), where each of the time slots has a duration of 0.5 ms. In addition, two adjacent time quanta (for example, time quanta 0 and 1, temporal quanta 2 and 3, etc.) from the radio frame FS1 200 can be one subframe with a duration of 1 ms; accordingly, the FS1 200 radio frame may include 10 subframes.

With reference to FIG. 3 illustrates an example radio frame 300 with frame structure type 2 (FS2). The 300 FS2 radio frame can be used with TDD. The radio frame 300 FS2 may be a 10 ms radio frame, which includes 10 subframes. Additionally, the radio frame 300 FS2 may include two almost similar half frames (for example, half frame 302 and half frame 304), each of which may have a duration of 5 ms. Each of the half-frames 302-304 may include eight time slices, each of which has a duration of 0.5 ms, and three fields (for example, DwPTS, GP and UpPTS), each of which has configurable individual lengths and a total length of 1 ms . A subframe includes two adjacent time slices, with the exception of subframes 1 and 6, which include DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS.

Referring to FIG. 4, illustrated is a system 400 that applies timing signals to indicate parameter (s) associated with a base station in a wireless communication environment. System 400 includes a base station 402 that can transmit and / or receive information, signals, data, instructions, commands, bits, symbols, and the like. Base station 402 may communicate with access terminal 404 via a forward link and / or reverse link. Access terminal 404 may transmit and / or receive information, signals, data, instructions, instructions, bits, symbols, and the like. Furthermore, although not shown, it is contemplated that any number of base stations similar to base station 402 may be included in system 400 and / or any number of access terminals similar to access terminal 404 may be included in system 400.

Base station 402 may be associated with one or more parameter (s) 406, which should be distributed to access terminal 404 via synchronization signals. Additionally, the base station 402 may include a synchronization signal generator 408, which provides synchronization signals for downlink transmission as a function of one or more parameter (s) 406 corresponding to the base station 402. For example, the synchronization signal generator 408 may provide as a result, the synchronization signal (s) for transmission based on the selected sequence, dispatch the types of synchronization signal (s) within the radio frame, enable or disable enabled For this type of synchronization signal, select the pseudo-random sequence to be used, a combination of the above, etc. based on parameter (s) 406 of the base station 402 indicated for the access terminal 404. In addition, the synchronization signals provided by the synchronization signal generator 408 can be transmitted to the access terminal 404.

Access terminal 404 may receive synchronization signals from base station 402 and determine the parameter (s) associated with base station 402 based on the received synchronization signals. Access terminal 404 may further include a synchronization signal estimator 410 and parameter identification module 412. The synchronization signal estimator 410 may analyze received synchronization signals. By way of illustration, the synchronization signal estimator 410 can determine the identification information of a sequence related to a given type of received synchronization signals, the relative locations of various types of synchronization signals within a radio frame, the inclusion or exclusion of this type of synchronization signal, the applied pseudo-random sequence, a combination of the above, etc. . Additionally, based on the analysis, the parameter identification module 412 can recognize the parameter (s) associated with the base station 402. The parameter identification module 412 can use the received synchronization signal analysis performed by the synchronization signal estimation module 410 to decrypt the parameter (s) corresponding to the base station 402, based on a priori knowledge of how the synchronization signal generator 408 selects, schedules, etc. synchronization signals. For example, the relative location of various types of synchronization signals in a radio frame recognized by the synchronization signal estimator 410 may be applied by the parameter identification module 412 to determine whether frame structure type 1 or frame structure type 2 is used by base station 402; however, it should be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited to such an example.

The synchronization signal generator 408 of the base station 402 may include a selection module 414 that can determine the sequence of synchronization codes to use for generating the synchronization signals. Various PSC sequences may be selected by the selection module 414 as a function of parameter 406, and PSCs may be provided as a result based on the selected PSC sequences by the synchronization signal generator 408 for downlink transmission. Thus, the synchronization signal estimator 410 can detect which PSC sequence is selected by the select module 414 and used by the synchronization signal generator 408 for received synchronization signals (e.g., PSC, etc.), and the parameter identification module 412 can recognize a parameter, corresponding to the detected PSC sequence.

For example, various PSC sequences may be selected by the selection module 414 for use by the synchronizer 408 to distinguish between FS1 and FS2. Traditional systems often use three PSC sequences (for example, two of these three PSC sequences can be complex conjugates of each other, etc.). In contrast, system 400 may add one additional PSC sequence (e.g., a fourth PSC sequence, etc.). The fourth PSC sequence can be defined in the frequency domain as a complex conjugate of a PSC sequence of three commonly used PSC sequences from conventional systems, which is not a complex conjugate of the other two PSC sequences. Additionally, selection module 414 may choose to apply three commonly used PSC sequences if base station 402 uses FS1, and an additional fourth PSC sequence if base station 402 uses FS2. Thus, one PSC sequence can be used to indicate FS2, while three PSC sequences can be used to indicate FS1. Accordingly, the synchronization signal estimator 410 may attempt to detect these four PSC sequences. If one of the three commonly used PSC sequences is detected by the synchronization signal estimator 410, then the parameter identification module 412 can recognize that base station 402 is using FS1. Alternatively, if the fourth PSC sequence is detected by the synchronization signal estimator 410, then the parameter identification module 412 may determine that base station 402 uses FS2. In another illustration, it is contemplated that a fourth PSC sequence could be used to identify FS1 usage by base station 402, while the other three commonly used PSC sequences could be used to identify FS2 usage by base station 402.

According to a further example, various PSC sequences may be used by selection module 414 to indicate that base station 402 is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. According to this example, the selection module 414 may select a particular PSC sequence to be used by the synchronization signal generator 408 to output the resulting PSCs to distinguish a carrier of a single frequency multimedia broadcast network (MBSFN) from other FDD / TDD systems (e.g., a unicast carrier transmission, etc.). MBSFN may use a general time-synchronized waveform that is transmitted from several cells during a given duration; accordingly, several base stations (eg, base station 402 and any number of other base stations (s) (not shown), etc.) can send identical information to access terminal 404. Additionally, the multicast system may use an MBSFN carrier, which may be a dedicated carrier. Thus, the selection module 414 may provide an opportunity for the access terminal 404 to identify whether or not the base station 402 uses the MBSFN carrier. Similarly to the above example, four PSC sequences can be used by system 400 (for example, three commonly used PSC sequences and an additional, fourth sequence, etc.). On the other hand, the fourth PSC sequence can be defined in the frequency domain as a complex conjugate of a PSC sequence of three commonly used PSC sequences from traditional systems, which is not a complex conjugate of the other two PSC sequences. Additionally, selection module 414 may choose to use three commonly used PSC sequences if base station 402 uses a non-MBSFN carrier (e.g., a unicast carrier, etc.), and an additional fourth PSC sequence if base station 402 uses an MBSFN carrier. Thus, one PSC sequence can be used to indicate the use of an MBSFN carrier, while three PSC sequences can be used to indicate the use of a non-MBSFN carrier. Accordingly, the synchronization signal estimator 410 may attempt to detect these four PSC sequences. If one of the three commonly used PSC sequences is detected by the synchronization signal estimator 410, the parameter identification module 412 can recognize that the base station 402 uses a non-MBSFN carrier. Alternatively, if the fourth PSC sequence is detected by the synchronization signal estimator 410, then the parameter identification module 412 may determine that the base station 402 applies the MBSFN carrier. According to another illustration, it is contemplated that a fourth PSC sequence may be used to identify the use of a non-MBSFN carrier base station 402, while the other three commonly used PSC sequences may be used to identify use of an MBSFN carrier base station 402. Similarly, it is also contemplated that various PSC sequences may be used to distinguish between the association of base station 402 with a femtocell compared to a nominal Ota (e.g., macro cell, etc.) and / or TDD-system in comparison with the FDD-system.

The synchronization signal generator 408 may additionally or alternatively include a scheduler 416 that schedules various types of synchronization signals within each radio frame as a function of the parameter (s) 406 corresponding to the base station 402. Thus, the scheduler 416 can determine and assign relative locations for PSC and SSC as part of the radio frame. In addition, the synchronization signal estimator 410 can detect the relative positions of the PSC and SSC, and based on this, the parameter identification module 412 can recognize one or more parameters associated with the base station 402. For example, the relative locations of the PSC and SSC can be used to distinguish between a base station 402 associated with FS1 versus FS2, associated with TDD versus FDD, associated with a unicast mode versus a multicast mode and / or associated with macrocell in comparison with femtocell. Additionally, the scheduler 416 can control the locations of the PSC and SSC within the radio frame. The PSC and SSC locations can be used to represent various types / pieces of system information that can be associated with TDD or FDD type systems, cells with different sizes or purposes, etc.

With reference to FIG. 5-6, exemplary radio frame structures 500 and 600 are illustrated that apply the relative positions of synchronization signals in order to distribute information associated with one or more parameters. Each radio frame (for example, radio frame t 502, radio frame t 602, etc.) can be partitioned into many (for example, S, where S can be almost any integer, etc.) time quanta (for example , or a subset S of time quanta can be replaced by fields, as described herein for type 2 of the frame structure, etc.), and each time quantum can include several (for example, T, where T can be almost any integer number, etc.) of symbol periods. For example, each radio frame (for example, radio frame 502, radio frame 602, etc.) may have a duration of 10 ms, and each time quantum may have a duration of 0.5 ms. Additionally, the subframe may include two adjacent time slots (for example, time slice 0 and time slice 1, etc.). In addition, each time quantum can span 6 or 7 symbol periods, depending on the length of the cyclic prefix. Although not shown, it should be appreciated that a type 1 radio frame of a frame structure may include a subframe containing a time quantum 2 and a time quantum 3 adjacent to a subframe containing a time quantum 0 and a time quantum 1 (as well as a subframe containing a time quantum S / 2 + 2 and time slot S / 2 + 3 adjacent to a subframe containing the time slot S / 2 and time slot S / 2 + 1), while a type 2 radio frame of the frame structure may include a subframe containing fields ( for example, DwPTS, GP, and UpPTS) adjacent to a subframe containing time slice 0 and time variable quantum 1 (as well as another subframe containing these fields adjacent to a subframe containing the S / 2 time quantum and the S / 2 + 1 time quantum). In addition, it is contemplated that the radio frames may be partitioned in any other way.

As illustrated, synchronization signals can be converted to OFDM symbols included in time slot 0 504, 604 and time slot S / 2 506, 606 (e.g., time slot 10, etc.). However, the relative placement of the PSC and SSC may differ (for example, controlled by the scheduler 416 of FIG. 4, etc.) between the structures of the radio frame 500 and 600. As shown in FIG. 5, the PSC is converted to the last OFDM symbol (e.g., symbol 508, symbol 510, etc.) in time slice 0 504 and time slice S / 2 506 (for example, in the first and eleventh time quanta, etc.). etc.), while the SSC is converted to a neighboring OFDM symbol (for example, symbol 512, symbol 514, etc.) before the last OFDM symbol. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the SSC is converted to the last OFDM symbol (e.g., symbol 608, symbol 610, etc.) in the time quantum 0 604 and the time quantum S / 2 606 (for example, in the first and eleventh time quanta, etc.). etc.), while the PSC is converted to a neighboring OFDM symbol (for example, symbol 612, symbol 614, etc.) before the last OFDM symbol.

Differences in the relative positions of the PSC and SSC may be a function of one or more parameters. For example, the relative positions of PSC and SSC in the preamble and midamble may depend on whether the base station transmits radio frames with FS1 or FS2. According to this example in FS1, the PSC can be converted to the last OFDM symbol in the first and eleventh time slices, and the SSC can be located next to the PSC, as shown in FIG. 5. Furthermore, in FS2, the SSC can be mapped to the last OFDM symbol, and the PSC can be located adjacent to the SSC, as shown in FIG. 6. Additionally, the receiving access terminal may detect PSC and / or SSC to distinguish between such parameter (s). Thus, in accordance with the above example, the receiving access terminal can determine the relative positions of the PSC and SSC, which can then be used to distinguish, applies the transmitting base station FS1 or FS2. However, it should be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited to the above example; conversely, any other parameter (s) in addition to or instead of the type of frame structure may be indicated through the relative positions of the PSC and SSC. Examples of these base station-specific parameters may include, but not limited to, associating a base station with a multicast mode versus a unicast mode, using TDD versus FDD, and / or associating with a femto cell or macro cell. For example, PSC and SSC can be placed at different locations (for example, in the preamble, midamble, N-th subframe, etc.) so that the access terminal can distinguish between different types of cells (for example, nominal / macro cell in comparison with femtocell, where a femtocell can transmit at lower power than other macrocells, etc.) based on such arrangements.

Although FIG. 5-6 illustrate the PSC and SSC converted to the last two adjacent OFDM symbols in time slice 0 504, 604 and time slice S / 2 506, 606, it should be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited to this. For example, PSC and / or SSC can be transmitted in any time quanta in addition to or instead of time slot 0 504, 604 and time slot S / 2 506, 606. Additionally, PSC and SSC can be converted to any OFDM symbols within the time quantum. As another example, the symbolic separation between PSC and SSC (for example, PSC and SSC are adjacent, divided into one, two, etc. characters, etc.) may be a function of one or more parameters. According to a further illustration, PSC need not be transmitted; PSC inclusion or exclusion may be a function of one or more parameters.

Referring again to FIG. 4, scheduler 416 may also include or exclude PSC from the radio frame provided as a result for transmission, for example, as a function of one or more parameters. According to this example, PSC can be excluded in FS2 operating mode (for example, in TDD type systems, etc.). Additionally, the location for the PSC in FS2 can be used for additional guard time for uplink and downlink switching. Thus, one sequence can be set for synchronization (for example, SSC can be reserved, but with a sequence diagram different from FS1, etc.).

As a further illustration, synchronization signal generator 408 may use different pseudorandom sequences (PRS) as a function of one or more parameters. For example, depending on whether FS1 or FS2 is used by base station 402, different PRSs may be converted to a single cell identifier (identifier). Identical PRSs can be reused between FS1 and FS2, but with various conversions to cell identifiers. Additionally or alternatively, PRSs can be converted to different tone locations depending on whether FS1 or FS2 is used.

According to an example, the location of the PRS in the frequency domain may be associated with a cell identifier. Different cells may have different locations for PRS. Thus, in order to distinguish between different parameters, an identical sequence can be used, but with different locations in the frequency domain. The access terminal may detect PRS in order to be able to determine associated parameters. As illustrated, the location of the PRS can be used for validation purposes. According to this illustration, a parameter can be indicated based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC, the PSC sequence selected to be used to generate the PSC, or the inclusion / exclusion of the PSC, and this parameter can also be notified to the access terminal via the PRS location for confirmation; however, the claimed subject matter is not limited to this.

According to another example, different systems may use different scrambling codes over SSC sequences so that access terminal 404 can use this information to distinguish between such systems. For example, this information can be used to distinguish a TDD system in comparison with an FDD system, a nominal (for example, macro, etc.) cell in comparison with a femtocell, a unicast system in comparison with a multicast system ( e.g. MBSFN, etc.), FS1 compared to FS2, etc. Therefore, a particular scrambling code can be selected as a function of the parameter.

According to another illustration, in an E-UTRAN, three PSC-based scrambling (SC) sequences can be defined to scramble the SSC sequences, each scrambling sequence can be determined by the index of the corresponding PSC sequence. N additional different scrambling sequences can be used to scramble the SSC sequences. As a result, (SC1, SC2, SC3) can be used for the FDD system, while (SC4, SC5, SC6) can be used for the TDD system. Similarly (SC7, SC8, ..., SCN) can be used for femtocells, etc. Thus, the set of scrambling codes from the set of possible sets can be selected as a function of the parameter.

Referring to FIG. 7-9, illustrated are techniques for efficiently indicating parameter (s) in a wireless communication environment. Although in order to simplify the explanation of the technology shown and described as a sequence of actions, it is necessary to understand and take into account that the technology is not limited by the order of actions, since some actions can, in accordance with one or more embodiments, be performed in a different order and / or in parallel with actions other than those shown and described in this document. For example, those skilled in the art should understand and take into account that a technology can alternatively be represented as a sequence of interrelated states or events, for example, in a state diagram. Moreover, not all illustrated acts may be used to implement a technology in accordance with one or more embodiments.

With reference to FIG. 7, technology 700 is illustrated that facilitates identification of one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment. At 702, a primary synchronization code (PSC) and an additional synchronization code (SSC) can be generated. For example, a PSC may be generated based on a PSC sequence, and an SSC may be generated based on an SSC sequence. At 704, the PSC and SSC can be scheduled at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the parameter corresponding to the base station. According to the illustration, the parameter may be whether the base station is part of a TDD system or an FDD system. As another example, the parameter may be whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). In addition, the parameter may be whether the base station is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell. According to a further example, the parameter may be whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. Any relative locations for PSC and SSC can be applied in order to distinguish between parameters. For example, then, a PSC or SSC is converted to a previous OFDM symbol in one or more time slices of a radio frame, may be a function of the parameter. According to another example, the symbolic separation between PSC and SSC may be a function of the parameter. At 706, a radio frame may be transmitted in a downlink to indicate a parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC.

As an example, a PSC can be converted to the last OFDM symbol in one or more time slices of a radio frame, while an SSC can be immediately converted to a neighboring OFDM symbol before the last OFDM symbol when FS1 is used. According to this example, an SSC can be converted to the last OFDM symbol in one or more time slices of a radio frame, while a PSC can be immediately converted to a neighboring OFDM symbol before the last OFDM symbol when FS2 is used. Based on the transmitted radio frame, the access terminal can detect the relative locations of the PSC and SSC to determine if FS1 or FS2 is used. It should be appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited to the above examples.

According to another illustration (as described below), a PSC sequence used to generate a PSC for inclusion in a radio frame may be selected as a function of a parameter that may be identical or different from a parameter indicated via relative locations. As an additional example, various pseudorandom sequences (PRSs) can be converted to a common cell identifier as a function of a parameter (for example, a parameter identical or different from that indicated through relative locations, etc.). Additionally or alternatively, PRSs can be converted to different locations of tones based on a parameter (for example, a parameter identical or different from that indicated through relative locations, etc.). For example, PRS transforms can be used as a validation mechanism for a parameter indicated by relative locations of PSC and SSC; however, the claimed subject matter is not limited to this. According to another illustration, PSC can be excluded from the radio frame when using FS2; however, the claimed subject matter is not limited to this. As an additional example, a specific scrambling code from a set of possible scrambling codes may be selected to be used on top of the SSC sequence to provide the resulting SSC as a function of the parameter. Additionally or alternatively, the set of possible scrambling codes from which a particular scrambling code can be selected to be applied over the SSC sequence to generate the SSC can be selected as a function of the parameter.

Now referring to FIG. 8, we illustrate a technology 800 that facilitates indicating one or more parameters corresponding to a base station in a wireless environment. At 802, a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSC) may be selected based on a base station parameter. For example, four possible PSC sequences may be used, which may include three commonly used PSC sequences and one additional PSC sequence. Two of the commonly used PSC sequences can be complex conjugate to each other, while the third of the commonly used PSC sequences and the fourth, additional PSC sequence can be complex conjugate to each other. Additionally, either one of the three commonly used PSC sequences or the fourth, additional PSC sequence can be selected for use based on the parameter. At 804, a primary synchronization code (PSC) may be generated based on the selected PSC sequence. At 806, a radio frame that includes the generated PSC may be transmitted in the downlink to indicate a parameter based on the selected PSC sequence. For example, an access terminal that receives a radio frame may detect the selected PSC sequence and determine a parameter based on it.

According to an example, the selection of a PSC sequence can be applied in order to distinguish between FS1 and FS2. According to this example, one of the three commonly used PSC sequences can be selected when FS1 is used, while the fourth, additional PSC sequence can be selected when FS2 is used (or vice versa). As another illustration, the selection of a PSC sequence can be used to distinguish between the association of a base station with a unicast system and a multicast system. Thus, one of the three commonly used PSC sequences can be selected when the unicast carrier is used, while the fourth, additional PSC sequence can be selected when the MBSFN carrier is applied (or vice versa). In addition, the relative locations of the PSC and SSC, PRS transforms, scrambling code selection, scrambling code set selection, etc. can be used in conjunction with the selection of a PSC sequence to provide a notification related to one parameter (for example, indicated by selecting a PSC sequence, etc.) or various parameter (s).

Referring to FIG. 9, illustrated is a technology 900 that facilitates decoding at least one parameter corresponding to a base station in a wireless communication environment. At 902, a radio frame may be received from the base station. At step 90, the radio frame can be analyzed to determine at least one of the relative locations of the various types of synchronization signals, the sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals. For example, the relative locations of the PSC with respect to the SSC can be identified. According to another example, a PSC sequence used to generate a PSC can be determined. Additionally or alternatively, the PSC may be identified as being included or excluded from the received radio frame. As a further illustration, the scrambling code used by the base station to scramble the SSC can be identified. At 906, at least one parameter associated with the base station can be recognized based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals. Additionally, the reliability of at least one parameter can be checked based on an assessment of the applied PRS sequence.

It will be appreciated that, in accordance with one or more aspects described herein, inferences can be made regarding effective notification and identification of parameter (s) associated with a base station in a wireless communication environment. As used herein, the term “inferring” or “inference” usually means the process of reasoning or designating the states of a system, environment, and / or user from a set of surveillance data obtained through events and / or data. Inference can be used to identify a specific context or action, or it can form a probability distribution, for example, by state. The logical conclusion can be probabilistic, i.e. calculating a probability distribution over states of interest based on an analysis of data and events. Inference can also refer to technologies used to compose high-level events from a set of events and / or data. Such a logical conclusion leads to the compilation of new events or actions from a set of observable events and / or stored event data, regardless of whether events are correlated in close time proximity and whether events and data originate from one or more sources of events and data.

According to an example, one or more of the methods presented above may include making inferences related to determining the identity of one or more parameters associated with the base station based on an estimate of the received synchronization signal (s). As an additional illustration, a logical conclusion can be made regarding the definition of the notification scheme used by the base station to transmit one or more parameter (s) associated with it through the downlink. It should be appreciated that the above examples are illustrative in nature and do not intend to limit the number of logical conclusions that can be drawn, or the way these logical conclusions are made in connection with the various embodiments and / or methods described herein.

FIG. 10 is an illustration of an access terminal 1000 that recognizes parameter (s) associated with a base station using an effective identification scheme in a wireless communication system. The access terminal 1000 comprises a receiving device 1002 that receives a signal, for example, from a receiving antenna (not shown) and performs typical actions (for example, filters, amplifies, downconverts, etc.) with the received signal and digitizes required signal parameters to receive samples. The receiver 1002 may be, for example, an MMSE receiver and may include a demodulator 1004 that can demodulate the received symbols and provide them to a processor 1006 for channel estimation. The processor 1006 may be a processor specialized for analyzing information received by the receiving device 1002 and / or generating information for transmission by the transmitting device 1016, a processor that controls one or more components of the access terminal 1000, and / or a processor that analyzes the information received by the receiving device 1002, generates information for transmission by transmitting device 1016, and controls one or more components of access terminal 1000.

The access terminal 1000 may further comprise a storage device 1008 that is operatively coupled to a processor 1006 and which can store data to be transmitted, received data, and any other suitable information relating to the various actions and functions set forth herein. The storage device 1008, for example, can store protocols and / or algorithms associated with the analysis of the synchronization signal (s) included in the received radio frames and / or the determination of parameter (s) based on this analysis.

It will be appreciated that the data store (e.g., storage device 1008) described herein may be a volatile storage device or non-volatile storage device, or may include both volatile and non-volatile storage device. By way of illustration, but not limitation, non-volatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache. As an illustration, but not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual-speed SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), advanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM) and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). The storage device 1008 of the present systems and methods is intended to contain (but not only) these and any other suitable types of storage devices.

The receiver 1002 is further operatively coupled to a synchronization signal estimator 1010 and / or a parameter identification module 1012. The synchronization signal estimator 1010 may be substantially similar to the synchronization signal estimator 410 of FIG. 4. In addition, the parameter identification module 1012 may be substantially similar to the parameter identification module 412 of FIG. 4. The synchronization signal estimator 1010 may evaluate the synchronization signal (s) included in the received radio frames. For example, synchronization signal estimator 1010 may determine the relative locations of different types of synchronization signals (eg, relative locations of PSC versus SSC, etc.). According to another illustration, the synchronization signal estimator 1010 may recognize a sequence (e.g., a PSC sequence, etc.) used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal (e.g., PSC, etc.). According to another illustration, the synchronization signal estimator 1010 can analyze whether one or two types of synchronization signals are included in the radio frames (for example, whether or not the PSC includes radio frames, etc.). In addition, synchronization signal estimator 1010 may analyze the PRS associated with the radio frames. Additionally, the parameter identification module 1012 may use the analysis performed by the synchronization signal estimator 1010 in order to determine one or more parameters corresponding to the base station that sent the radio frames in the downlink. The access terminal 1000 further comprises a modulator 1014 and a transmitter 1016 that transmits a signal, for example, to a base station, another access terminal, etc. Although illustrated as being separate from processor 1006, it should be appreciated that synchronization signal estimator 1010, parameter identification module 1012 and / or modulator 1014 may be part of processor 1006 or a number of processors (not shown).

FIG. 11 is an illustration of a system 1100 that employs timing signals to indicate parameter (s) for access terminals in a wireless communication environment. System 1100 comprises a base station 1102 (e.g., an access point, etc.) with a receiver 1110 that receives a signal (s) from one or more access terminals 1104 through multiple receive antennas 1106, and a transmitter 1122 that transmits to one or more access terminals 1104 via a transmit antenna 1108. A receiver 1110 may receive information from receive antennas 1106 and is operatively associated with a demodulator 1112 that demodulates received information. The demodulated symbols are analyzed by a processor 1114, which may be similar to the processor described above with respect to FIG. 10 and which is connected to a storage device 1116 that stores data to be transmitted or received from access terminal (s) 1104 (or another base station (not shown)) and / or any other suitable information related to the various operations and the functions set forth in this document. The processor 1114 is further associated with a synchronization signal generator 1118, which provides the resulting synchronization signals for transmission to the access terminal (s) 1104 as a function of the parameter (s) associated with it. For example, the synchronization signal generator 1118 may select PSC sequences based on a parameter, place PSC and SSC at relative locations as a function of the parameter, include or exclude PSC from the radio frame based on the parameter, select PRS based on the parameter, etc. It is assumed that the synchronization signal generator 1118 be substantially similar to the synchronization signal generator 408 of FIG. 4. Although not shown, it should be appreciated that the clock generator 1118 may include a selection module (for example, substantially similar to the selection module 414 of FIG. 4) and / or a scheduler (for example, substantially similar to the scheduler 416 of FIG. . four). Additionally, the synchronization signal generator 1118 can provide information that should be transmitted (for example, a radio frame, etc.) to the modulator 1120. The modulator 1120 can multiplex the frame for transmission by the transmitting device 1122 via antennas 1108 to the access terminal (s) 1104. Although illustrated as being separate from the processor 1114, it should be appreciated that the clock driver 1118 and / or modulator 1120 may be part of a processor 1114 or a series of processors (not shown).

FIG. 12 illustrates an example wireless communication system 1200. The wireless communication system 1200 shows one base station 1210 and one access terminal 1250 for short. However, it should be appreciated that system 1200 may include more than one base station and / or more than one access terminal, while additional base stations and / or access terminals may be very similar or different from the exemplary base station 1210 and access terminal 1250, described below. In addition, it should be appreciated that base station 1210 and / or access terminal 1250 can use the systems (FIGS. 1, 4, 10-11, 13, and 14) and / or methods (FIGS. 7-9) described in this document to simplify wireless communication between each other.

At base station 1210, traffic data for a number of data streams is provided from a data source 1212 to a transmit (TX) data processor 1214. According to an example, each data stream may be transmitted over a respective antenna. TX data processor 1214 formats, codes, and interleaves the traffic data stream based on the particular coding scheme selected for that data stream to provide encoded data.

The coded data for each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technologies. Additionally or alternatively, the pilot symbols may be frequency division multiplexed (FDM), time division multiplexed (TDM) or code division multiplexed (CDM). The pilot data is typically a known data pattern that is processed in a known manner and can be used at access terminal 1250 in order to evaluate channel response. Multiplexed pilot signals and encoded data for each data stream can be modulated (e.g. symbolically converted) based on a specific modulation scheme (e.g., binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK ), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM), etc.) selected for this data stream to provide modulation symbols. The data rate, coding, and modulation for each data stream may be determined by instructions executed or provided by processor 1230.

Modulation symbols for all data streams may be provided to the TX MIMO processor 1220, which may further process modulation symbols (e.g., for OFDM). The TX MIMO processor 1220 further provides N _T modulation symbol streams to N _T transmitters (TMTR) 1222a-1222t. In various embodiments, TX MIMO processor 1220 applies beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams and to the antenna from which the symbol is transmitted.

Each transmitter 1222 receives and processes a corresponding symbol stream to provide one or more analog signals, and further leads to desired parameters (e.g., amplifies, filters, and upconverts) the analog signals to provide a modulated signal suitable for transmission over MIMO channel. Additionally, N _T modulated signals from transmitters 1222a-1222t are then transmitted from N _T antennas 1224a-1224t, respectively.

At access terminal 1250, transmitted modulated signals are received by N _R antennas 1252a-1252r, and a received signal from each antenna 1252 is provided to a respective receiver (RCVR) 1254a-1254r. Each receiver 1254 results in the desired parameters (e.g., filters, amplifies, and downconverts) the corresponding received signal, digitizes the reduced signal to the required parameters to provide samples, and further processes the samples to provide a corresponding "received" symbol stream.

An RX data processor 1260 may receive and process N _R received symbol streams from N _R receivers 1254 based on a particular receiver processing technique to provide N _T “detected” symbol streams. An RX data processor 1260 may demodulate, interleave, and decode each detected symbol stream to recover traffic data for the data stream. The processing by the RX data processor 1260 is complementary to the processing performed by the TX MIMO processor 1220 and TX data processor 1214 at the base station 1210.

The processor 1270 may periodically determine which available technology to apply, as explained above. Additionally, processor 1270 may formulate a reverse link message comprising a matrix index portion and a rank value portion.

The reverse link message may comprise various types of information related to the communication link and / or the received data stream. The reverse link message may be processed by a TX data processor 1238, which also receives traffic data for a number of data streams from a data source 1236 modulated by a modulator 1280, reduced to desired parameters by transmitters 1254a-1254r and transmitted back to base station 1210.

At base station 1210, modulated signals from access terminal 1250 are received by antennas 1224, adjusted to receive parameters by receivers 1222, demodulated by demodulator 1240, and processed by RX data processor 1242 to extract a reverse link message transmitted by access terminal 1250. Additionally, processor 1230 may process the extracted message to determine which precoding matrix to use for determining beamforming weights.

Processors 1230 and 1270 may direct (e.g., monitor, coordinate, manage, etc.) operation at base station 1210 and access terminal 1250, respectively. Corresponding processors 1230 and 1270 may be associated with a storage device 1232 and 1272 that stores program codes and data. Processors 1230 and 1270 can also perform calculations to obtain frequency and impulse response estimates for the uplink and downlink, respectively.

In an aspect of the invention, logical channels are classified into control channels and traffic channels. The logical control channels may include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), which is a DL channel for broadcasting system control information. Additionally, the logical control channels may include a paging control channel (PCCH), which is a DL channel that transmits paging information. In addition, the logical control channels may include a multicast control channel (MCCH), which is a point-to-multipoint DL channel used to transmit the schedule and control information of a multimedia broadcast / multicast service (MBMS) for one or more MTCHs. As a rule, after establishing an RRC connection (radio resource controller), this channel is used only by UEs that receive MBMS (for example, old MCCH + MSCH). Additionally, the logical control channels may include a dedicated control channel (DCCH), which is a point-to-point bidirectional channel that transmits specialized control information and is used by UEs having an RRC connection. In one aspect, the logical traffic channels may comprise a dedicated traffic channel (DTCH), which is a point-to-point bi-directional channel allocated to one UE for transmitting user information. In addition, the logical traffic channels may include a multicast traffic channel (MTCH), which is a point-to-many-point DL channel for transmitting traffic data.

In an aspect of the invention, transport channels are classified into DL and UL. DL transport channels comprise a broadcast channel (BCH), a downlink shared channel (DL-SDCH), and a paging channel (PCH). The PCH can support the power saving mode of the UE (discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle is indicated by the network for the UE), broadcast throughout the cell and converted to PHY resources (physical layer) that can be used for other control / traffic channels. UL transport channels may comprise a random access channel (RACH), a request transmission channel (REQCH), an uplink shared data channel (UL-SDCH), and a plurality of PHY channels.

PHY channels contain a set of DL channels and UL channels. For example, DL PHY channels may include: a common pilot channel (CPICH); synchronization channel (SCH); common control channel (CCCH); DL Shared Control Channel (SDCCH); multicast control channel (MCCH); UL Shared Destination Channel (SUACH); acknowledgment channel (ACKCH), DL physical shared data channel (DL-PSDCH); UL Power Control Channel (UPCCH); paging indicator channel (PICH); and / or a load indicator channel (LICH). As a further illustration of UL, PHY channels may include: a physical random access channel (PRACH); Channel Quality Indicator Channel (CQICH); acknowledgment channel (ACKCH); antenna subset indicator channel (ASICH); Shared Request Channel (SREQCH); UL Physical Shared Data Channel (UL-PSDCH); and / or broadband pilot channel (BPICH).

It should be understood that the embodiments described herein may be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or any combination of the above. When implemented in hardware, the processing units can be implemented in one or more specialized integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), user programmable matrix LSIs (FPGAs) , processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic devices designed to perform the functions described in this document, or combinations thereof.

When embodiments are implemented in software, firmware, middleware, or microcode, the program code or code segments can be stored on a computer-readable medium, such as a storage component. A code segment can represent a procedure, function, subprogram, program, standard procedure, nested procedure, module, software package, class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program statements. A code segment may be associated with another code segment or a hardware circuit by transmitting and / or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. can be transmitted, forwarded or forwarded using any appropriate means, including memory sharing, messaging, marker data transfer, network transmission, etc.

When implemented in software, the techniques described in this document can be implemented using modules (for example, procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described in this document. Program codes can be stored in memory and executed by processors. The storage device can be implemented in the processor or externally with respect to the processor, and in the second case, it can be functionally connected to the processor using various means known in the art.

With reference to FIG. 13, a system 1300 is illustrated that provides an efficient indication of one or more parameters for at least one access terminal in a wireless communication environment. For example, system 1300 may reside at least partially within a base station. It should be appreciated that the system 1300 is presented as including functional blocks, which may be functional blocks that represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or a combination of the above (e.g., firmware). System 1300 includes a logical grouping 1302 of electrical components that can act in conjunction. For example, logical grouping 1302 may include an electrical component for scheduling a primary synchronization code (PSC) and an additional synchronization code (SSC) at relative locations in a radio frame as a function of a parameter corresponding to base station 1304. In addition, logical grouping may include an electrical component to send the radio frame in the downlink to identify the parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC 1306. Additionally, although not shown, a logical the grouping may also include an electrical component for selecting a PSC sequence based on a base station parameter and an electrical component for generating a PSC based on a selected PSC sequence. Additionally, the system 1300 may include a storage device 1308 that stores instructions for performing functions associated with the electrical components 1304 and 1306. Although shown as being external to the storage device 1308, it should be understood that one or more electrical components 1304 and 1306 may exist within the storage device 1308.

Turning to FIG. 14, illustrated is a system 1400 that provides identification of one or more parameters with respect to a base station in a wireless communication environment. System 1400 may reside, for example, within an access terminal. As illustrated, system 1400 includes function blocks that can represent functions implemented by a processor, software, or a combination thereof (e.g., firmware). System 1400 includes a logical grouping 1402 of electrical components that can act in conjunction. Logical grouping 1402 may include an electrical component for analyzing a radio frame received from a base station to decode at least one of the relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or includes or not radio frames includes two types of signals 1404 synchronization. For example, various types of synchronization signals may be PSC and SSC. In addition, the sequence may be a PSC sequence. Additionally, the radio frame may be analyzed to determine whether it includes at least one PSC and at least one SSC or at least one SSC without a PSC. Additionally, logical grouping 1402 may include an electrical component for recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals 1406. Additionally, the system 1400 may include a storage device 1408 that stores instructions for performing functions associated with the electrical components 1404 and 1406. Although shown as being external to the storage device 1408, it should be understood that electrical components 1404 and 1406 may exist within the storage devices 1408.

What is described above includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe every possible combination of components or technologies in order to describe the above embodiments, but those skilled in the art may recognize that many additional combinations and permutations of various embodiments are permissible. Therefore, the described embodiments are intended to cover all such transformations, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Moreover, to the extent that the term “includes” is used either in the detailed description or in the claims, this term should be inclusive, similar to the term “contains”, as “contains” is interpreted when used as a transition word in the claims.

Claims (80)

1. A method for identifying one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment, comprising the steps of:
form a primary synchronization code (PSC) and a secondary synchronization code (SSC);
scheduling the PSC and SSC at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to the base station; and
transmitting the downlink radio frame to indicate a first parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC, the first parameter being whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first parameter is further one or more of whether the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex system (FDD), whether the base a station with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising stages in which:
mapping the PSC to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and SSC to the adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 1 is used by the base station; and
the SSC is mapped to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and PSC to the adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising stages in which:
selecting a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSC) based on a second parameter of the base station, the second parameter being substantially the same or different from the first parameter; and
form a PSC based on the selected PSC sequence. 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising selecting a PSC sequence from a set of four possible PSC sequences, the set including three commonly used PSC sequences and a fourth, additional PSC sequence. 6. The method according to claim 5, in which two of the three commonly used PSC sequences are complex conjugate relative to each other, and the remaining PSC sequence of three commonly used PSC sequences and the fourth, additional, PSC sequence are complex conjugate relative to each other. 7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising stages in which:
selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when type 1 of the frame structure is used by the base station; and
a fourth, optional, PSC sequence is selected when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 8. The method according to claim 5, further comprising stages in which:
selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when the unicast carrier is used by the base station; and
a fourth, optional, PSC sequence is selected when the multicast carrier is used by the base station. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising mapping various pseudorandom sequences (PRSs) to a common cell identifier as a function of the third parameter associated with the base station. 10. The method according to claim 1, further comprising mapping pseudorandom sequences (PRS) to different locations of tones as a function of the fourth parameter associated with the base station. 11. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of excluding the PSC from the radio frame using type 2 frame structure. 12. The method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a specific scrambling code from a set of possible scrambling codes to be used on top of the SSC sequence to provide the resulting SSC as a function of the fifth parameter associated with the base station. 13. The method according to claim 1, further comprising selecting a set of possible scrambling codes from which a particular scrambling code may be selected to be applied over the SSC sequence to form the SSC as a function of the sixth parameter associated with the base station. 14. A wireless communication device, comprising:
a storage device that stores instructions related to selecting a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSC) based on a first parameter of a base station, generating a primary synchronization code (PSC) based on a selected PSC sequence and transmitting a radio frame that includes the generated PSC in descending order communication lines to indicate a first parameter based on the selected PSC sequence, the first parameter being whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2); and
a processor coupled to the storage device, configured to implement instructions stored in the storage device. 15. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first parameter is further one or more of whether the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, is associated whether the base station is a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 16. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to selecting a PSC sequence from a set of four possible PSC sequences, the set including three commonly used PSC sequences and a fourth, additional PSC -sequence. 17. The wireless communication device according to clause 16, in which two of the three commonly used PSC sequences are complex conjugate relative to each other, and the remaining PSC sequence of three commonly used PSC sequences and the fourth, additional, PSC sequence are complex - conjugate relative to each other. 18. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 16, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when frame structure type 1 is used by the base station and selecting a fourth, optional, PSC sequence when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 19. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 16, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when the unicast carrier is used by the base station, and selecting a fourth, additional, PSC sequence when the carrier multicast is used by the base station. 20. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to generating a secondary synchronization code (SSC) and scheduling PSC and SSC at relative positions in the radio frame as a function of a second parameter related to the base station. 21. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 20, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to mapping the PSC to the last character in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and SSC to the adjacent character immediately before the last character when frame structure type 1 is used the base station, and mapping the SSC to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and the PSC to the adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 22. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 20, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to selecting at least one of a set of possible scrambling codes or a specific scrambling code from a set of possible scrambling codes as a function of one or more parameters related to the base station. 23. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to mapping various pseudorandom sequences (PRSs) to a common cell identifier as a function of the third parameter associated with the base station. 24. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to mapping different pseudorandom sequences (PRSs) to different tone locations as a function of a fourth parameter associated with the base station. 25. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 14, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to the exclusion of PSC from the radio frame when applying type 2 frame structure. 26. A wireless communication device for efficiently indicating one or more parameters for at least one access terminal in a wireless communication environment, comprising:
means for scheduling a primary synchronization code (PSC) and a secondary synchronization code (SSC) at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to the base station; and
means for sending the downlink radio frame to identify the first parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC, the first parameter being whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 27. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, wherein further the first parameter is one or more of whether the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system, is associated whether the base station is a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 28. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising:
means for mapping the PSC to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and SSC to the adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 1 is used by the base station; and
means for mapping the SSC to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and PSC to the adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 29. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising:
means for selecting a PSC sequence based on a second parameter of the base station; and
means for generating a PSC based on the selected PSC sequence. 30. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 29, further comprising means for selecting a PSC sequence from a set of four possible PSC sequences, the set including three commonly used PSC sequences and a fourth, additional, PSC sequence. 31. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 30, wherein two of the three commonly used PSC sequences are complex conjugate to each other, and the remaining PSC sequence of the three commonly used PSC sequences and the fourth, additional, PSC sequence are complex - conjugate relative to each other. 32. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 30, further comprising:
means for selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when type 1 of the frame structure is used by the base station; and
means for selecting a fourth, additional, PSC sequence when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 33. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 30, further comprising:
means for selecting one of the three commonly used PSC sequences when the unicast carrier is used by the base station; and
means for selecting a fourth, additional, PSC sequence when the multicast carrier is used by the base station. 34. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising means for mapping various pseudorandom sequences (PRS) to a common cell identifier as a function of the third parameter associated with the base station. 35. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising means for mapping pseudorandom sequences (PRS) to different tone locations as a function of the fourth parameter associated with the base station. 36. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising means for eliminating PSC from the radio frame when using type 2 frame structure. 37. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising means for selecting a particular scrambling code from a set of possible scrambling codes to be used on top of the SSC sequence to form an SSC as a function of a fifth parameter related to the base station. 38. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 26, further comprising means for selecting a set of possible scrambling codes to apply with SSC as a function of a sixth parameter associated with the base station. 39. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions to cause a computer to perform a method for identifying one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment, comprising the steps of:
selecting a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSC) based on a first parameter of a base station;
generating a primary synchronization code (PSC) based on the selected PSC sequence; and
transmitting the radio frame, which includes the generated PSC, in the downlink to indicate the first parameter based on the selected PSC sequence, the first parameter being whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 40. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, wherein the first parameter is one or more of whether the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex system (FDD), whether a base station with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 41. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, further comprising code for selecting a PSC sequence from a set of four possible PSC sequences, the set including three commonly used PSC sequences and a fourth, additional, PSC sequence. 42. The computer-readable medium of claim 41, wherein two of the three commonly used PSC sequences are complex conjugate to each other, and the remaining PSC sequence of the three commonly used PSC sequences and the fourth, additional, PSC sequence are complex conjugate relative to each other. 43. The computer-readable medium of claim 41, further comprising a code for selecting one of three commonly used PSC sequences when frame structure type 1 is used by the base station, and a code for selecting a fourth, optional, PSC sequence when frame structure type 2 is used base station. 44. The computer-readable medium of claim 41, further comprising a code for selecting one of three commonly used PSC sequences when a unicast carrier is used by a base station, and a code for selecting a fourth, additional, PSC sequence when a multicast carrier is used by a base station . 45. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, further comprising a code for generating a secondary synchronization code (SSC) and a code for scheduling PSC and SSC at relative positions in the radio frame as a function of the second parameter related to the base station. 46. The computer-readable medium of claim 45, further comprising a code for mapping PSC to the last symbol in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and SSC to an adjacent symbol immediately before the last symbol when frame structure type 1 is used by the base station, and a code for displaying SSC to the last character in one or more time slots of the radio frame, and PSC to the adjacent character immediately before the last character when frame structure type 2 is used by the base station. 47. The computer-readable medium of claim 45, further comprising a code for selecting at least one of a set of possible scrambling codes or a particular scrambling code from a set of possible scrambling codes as a function of one or more parameters related to the base station. 48. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, further comprising a code for mapping various pseudorandom sequences (PRS) to a common cell identifier as a function of the third parameter associated with the base station. 49. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, further comprising a code for displaying different pseudo-random sequences (PRSs) at different tone locations as a function of the fourth parameter associated with the base station. 50. The computer-readable medium of claim 39, further comprising a code for excluding PSC from the radio frame using type 2 frame structure. 51. A wireless communications device, comprising:
a processor configured to:
plan the primary synchronization code (PSC) and the secondary synchronization code (SSC) at relative locations in the radio frame as a function of the first parameter corresponding to the base station; and
send the downlink radio frame to identify the first parameter based on the relative locations of the PSC and SSC, the first parameter being whether the radio frame uses frame structure type 1 (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 52. A method for simplifying decryption of at least one parameter corresponding to a base station in a wireless communication environment, comprising the steps of:
receive a radio frame from a base station;
analyze the radio frame to determine at least one of: the relative locations of the various types of synchronization signals, the sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals; and
at least one parameter associated with the base station is recognized based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals, and at least one parameter is whether the radio frame uses type 1 structures frame (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 53. The method according to paragraph 52, further comprising stages in which:
identify the relative locations of the primary synchronization code (PSC) and the secondary synchronization code (SSC); and
one or more of the at least one parameter is recognized, at least in part, based on the identified relative locations. 54. The method according to paragraph 52, further comprising stages in which:
determining a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSCs) used to generate a PSC included in a received radio frame; and
one or more of the at least one parameter is decoded, at least in part, based on the determined PSC sequence. 55. The method according to paragraph 52, further comprising stages in which:
identify whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame; and
determining one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame. 56. The method according to paragraph 52, further comprising stages in which:
pseudo-random sequence mapping associated with the radio frame is analyzed; and
determining one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the display of the pseudo-random sequence. 57. The method according to paragraph 52, further comprising stages in which:
identifying a scrambling code used by the base station to scramble the SSC; and
determining one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the identification of the scrambling code. 58. The method of claim 52, wherein the at least one parameter further comprises one or more of whether the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system ) whether the base station is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 59. A wireless communication device, comprising:
a storage device that stores instructions related to receiving a radio frame from a base station, analyzing a radio frame to determine at least one of the relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals, and recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, The sequence or order or not radio frame includes of two types of synchronization signals, wherein at least one parameter is - whether using one radio frame structure type 1 (FS1) or Type 2 frame structure (FS2); and
a processor coupled to the storage device, configured to implement instructions stored in the storage device. 60. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to identifying relative locations of the primary synchronization code (PSC) and secondary synchronization code (SSC) and recognizing one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on identified relative locations. 61. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to determining a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSCs) used to generate a PSC included in a received radio frame and decrypting one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on a specific PSC sequence. 62. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to identifying whether a PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame, and determining one or more of _; at least _; one parameter, at least in part, based on whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame. 63. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to analyzing the display of the pseudorandom sequence associated with the radio frame and determining one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on display pseudo-random sequence. 64. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the storage device further stores instructions related to identifying a scrambling code used by the base station to scramble the SSC and determining one or more of at least one parameter of at least at least in part, based on the identification of the scrambling code. 65. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 59, wherein the at least one parameter is further one or more of which, the base station is part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex system ( FDD) whether the base station is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 66. A wireless communication device for identifying one or more parameters relative to a base station in a wireless communication environment, comprising:
means for analyzing a radio frame received from a base station to decrypt at least one of: relative locations of various types of synchronization signals, a sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frames include two type of synchronization signals; and
means for recognizing at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals, and at least one parameter is whether the radio frame uses type 1 frame structure (FS1) or type 2 frame structure (FS2). 67. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, further comprising:
means for identifying the relative locations of the primary synchronization code (PSC) and the secondary synchronization code (SSC); and
means for recognizing one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the identified relative locations. 68. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, further comprising:
means for determining a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSCs) used to generate a PSC included in a received radio frame; and
means for decoding one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the determined PSC sequence. 69. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, further comprising:
means for identifying whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame; and
means for determining one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame. 70. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, further comprising:
means for analyzing the display of the pseudo-random sequence associated with the radio frame; and
means for determining one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the display of the pseudo-random sequence. 71. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, further comprising:
means for identifying a scrambling code used by the base station to scramble the SSC; and
means for decoding one or more of the at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the identification of the scrambling code. 72. The wireless communications apparatus of claim 66, wherein the at least one parameter is one or more of which is the base station part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system ) whether the base station is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 73. A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions to cause a computer to perform a method for identifying one or more parameters related to a base station in a wireless communication environment, comprising the steps of:
analyze the radio frame received from the base station to decrypt at least one of: the relative locations of the various types of synchronization signals, the sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of signals synchronization; and
at least one parameter associated with the base station is recognized based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frames include two types of synchronization signals, and at least one parameter is whether the radio frame uses type 1 structures frame (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2). 74. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises a code for identifying relative locations of a primary synchronization code (PSC) and a secondary synchronization code (SSC) and a code for recognizing one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on identified relative locations. 75. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises a code for determining a sequence of primary synchronization codes (PSCs) used to generate a PSC included in a received radio frame and a code for decrypting one or more of at least at least one parameter, at least in part, based on a specific PSC sequence. 76. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises a code for identifying whether PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame, and a code for determining one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on In addition, PSC is included or excluded from the radio frame. 77. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises a code for analyzing a pseudo-random sequence mapping associated with the radio frame, and a code for determining one or more of at least one parameter, at least in part, based on the mapping pseudo-random sequence. 78. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the computer-readable medium further comprises a code for recognizing the identification of the scrambling code used by the base station to scramble the SSC, and a code for determining one or more of at least one parameter of at least at least in part, based on the identification of the scrambling code. 79. The computer-readable medium of claim 73, wherein the at least one parameter is one or more of which is a base station part of a time division duplex (TDD) system or a frequency division duplex (FDD) system whether the base station is associated with a macro cell or a femto cell, or whether the base station is associated with a unicast system or a multicast system. 80. A wireless communications device, comprising:
a processor configured to:
evaluate the radio frame received from the base station to decode at least one of: the relative locations of the various types of synchronization signals, the sequence used to generate a particular type of synchronization signal, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of signals synchronization; and
determine at least one parameter associated with the base station based on relative locations, sequence, or whether or not the radio frame includes two types of synchronization signals, and at least one parameter is whether the radio frame uses type 1 of the structure frame (FS1) or frame structure type 2 (FS2).

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