RU2392010C1 - Breathing exercise device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention belongs to sports medicine, physiology, sports pedagogy and can be used for hypoxic and hypercapnic training within intensive training loads and competition loads. Device consists of series-connected half-mask, hose and respiratory container. Half-mask has soft elastic sealing-line which matches mask to any kind of face. Sealing-line has incurved edges making air-pillow along all crease line. Half-mask equipped with adjustable head-harness. Removable corrugated hose has two clamping device on both sides - to half-mask and to respiratory container. Container's bottom part diametre is same through all its lenghth. Upper part's diametre decreases towards clamping device, connecting container with hose. Respiratory container provided with holes and removable choke plugs at the side of hose connection and at the bottom part, and with the hole and removable choke plug for gas mix sample collection.

EFFECT: invention simplifies design, enhances operation convenience and improves training effectiveness.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of sports medicine, physiology and pedagogy of sports and can be used for hypoxic and hypercapnic training during intense training and competitive loads.

The rapid growth of the highest sports achievements, the approach of records to the physiological limits of human capabilities, the need to adapt to intense training and competitive loads put the problem of increasing the athlete's body reserves that could be mobilized as a result of sports training among the most urgent problems of sports. At the same time, we are talking about such an increase in reserves that could provide an athlete with the ability to cope with high training loads without harm to his body and that would contribute to his physical improvement (D.N.Davydenko, A.S. Mozzhukhin, 1985).

Currently, in connection with the intensive development of scientific research in the field of physical culture and sports, much attention is paid to the use of artificially created hypoxia to optimize training loads and its effective impact on improving the performance of athletes (Z.I. Barbashova, 1960; N.N. Sirotinin , 1973; F.Z.Meerson, 1986-1989; N.A. Agadzhanyan, M.M. Mirrahimov, 1970-2001).

The search for new teaching methods, tools and ways to improve the athletes' training system under the conditions of training camps that allow using interval hypoxic training (IPH) to bring the athlete's body to a new level of adaptation to maximum loads, which is one of the leading areas of development, is especially relevant. theories and methods of sports at the present stage.

The solution to these problems is facilitated by the emergence of such an option of hypoxic therapy as interval hypoxic training using additional “dead” space (DMP).

Hypoxia (oxygen starvation) - a low oxygen content in the body or individual organs and tissues. Hypoxia occurs with a lack of oxygen in the inhaled air or in the blood (hypoxemia), in violation of the biochemical processes of tissue respiration.

Hypoxia affects the activity of the immune system when oxygen is saturated in tissues.

Hypercapnia is a condition caused by an excess of CO ₂ in the blood. Hypercapnia is a special case of hypoxia.

Harmful (dead space) - part of the space of the respiratory tract (nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi), filled with air that is not involved in gas exchange.

Training for hypoxia increases the body's resistance not only to this effect, but also to many other unfavorable factors, in particular to physical activity.

Known hypoxicator containing communicated with each other in a single channel of inhalation-exhalation mask, carbon dioxide absorber, breathing bag. Two filters with antiviral and antibacterial elements are installed in the absorber, and an absorbing substance is placed between them. The breathing bag is mounted with a carbon dioxide absorber through a quick-connect. The control through holes for atmospheric air intake are made in the wall of the carbon dioxide absorber between the lower filter and the quick-disconnect connection for fastening the breathing bag, while the total passage area of the control through holes for atmospheric air intake is 0.05-0.5 of the minimum passage area for messages of a carbon dioxide absorber with a breathing bag (RF patent for the invention No. 2167677, А61М 16/00).

Known hypoxicator containing a mask, a means for changing the concentration of carbon dioxide using an absorber equipped with filters, having an inlet and outlet in the housing, an intake of atmospheric air, an exhalation channel in the form of an air duct formed by series-connected masks, an absorber and a breathing bag, an inspiration channel with a valve isolated from the absorber, including a mask, inspiratory hose and breathing bag, the inspiratory hose is placed in the absorber and is tightly connected to the exhalation channel in the body of the means for changing the carbon dioxide by means of dust seals, while at the entrance of the means for changing the concentration of carbon dioxide between the body and the dust seal, a cavity is formed to accommodate the inspiratory valve, the cavity between the case of the means for changing the concentration of carbon dioxide and the dust seal to accommodate the inspiration valve is formed by the dust seal collar made on its periphery from the side of the housing means for changing the concentration of carbon dioxide, and the connection of the hose inhale and with the exhalation channel made using the pipe on the dust seal facing the absorber (RF patent for the invention No. 2175563, A61M 16/00).

Known breathing apparatus, including a mask, valves and hoses of entry and exit, containers for fillers, a breathing tank and an air intake chamber, inside which is a glass consisting of a carbon dioxide absorber, a desiccant and a salt chamber separated by breathable partitions, the zone of carbon dioxide absorber is divided into three chambers with additional air-permeable partitions; an opening was made in the lower part of the front wall of the air intake chamber under the exhalation hose for suction of atmospheric zduha and respiratory tank is provided with a clamp (RF patent №2326700, A61M 16/00) - PROTOTYPE.

The disadvantages of the known breathing simulators and hypoxicators are either structural complexity, or the complexity of operation, or the unsatisfactory effectiveness of the training.

The objectives of the invention are: simplifying the design of the breathing simulator, increasing the convenience of its operation, increasing the efficiency of the training process and bringing the athlete's body to a new level of adaptation to maximum loads.

To solve the tasks, a breathing simulator is proposed that contains a half mask, a hose and a breathing tank connected in series, characterized in that the half mask has a soft elastic seal line for any face shape, the seal line has edges that are bent inward and form an air cushion along the entire bend line, the half mask is equipped with with head straps with the ability to adjust their tension, the removable corrugated hose has fastening elements on both sides - on the half mask side and on the respiratory side containers, which is made of two parts with the ability to control the volume, the lower part of the breathing tank has the same diameter along the entire length, and the upper part is made with a tapering diameter in the direction of attachment with a hose, the respiratory capacity is provided with holes for removable plugs from the attachment side with a hose and from the bottom, in addition, the breathing tank is provided with an opening for a removable plug for the intake of atmospheric air and the selection of the gas mixture from the breathing tank for analysis ov.

Figure 1 shows a breathing simulator (black and white version).

Figure 2 shows a breathing simulator (color option).

The drawings show the breathing simulator, where 1 is the half mask, 2 are the straps for attaching the breathing simulator, 3 is the hose, 4 and 5 are the elements for attaching the hose to the mask and respiratory capacity, respectively, 6 is the respiratory capacity, 7 and 8 are upper and lower, respectively, removable plugs, 9 and 10, the upper and lower holes for the breathing tank plug, respectively, and the hole 10 serves to enter atmospheric air into the breathing tank 6, 11 - the breathing tank hole for a removable plug for taking the gas mixture from the breathing tank 6 d For analyzes.

Half mask 1 is made of the well-known hygienically safe material Multiflex, which eliminates irritation of the skin of the face. It is put on easily and quickly, without painful infringement of the hair of the head. The presence of straps 2 provides a reliable fastening of the breathing simulator on the athlete and allows you to use the proposed breathing simulator during training in any sports.

The breathing simulator works as follows.

Inhalation and exhalation is carried out through the breathing hole 10 in the simulator body (capacity 6), where atmospheric air enters and mixes with exhaled air to form a hypoxic hypercapnic mixture, then inhaled air flows through an elongated breathing tube (hose 3), falling into the front half mask 1 and into the airways of the athlete. An individual breathing simulator can be fixed on the head with straps 2 and breathe simultaneously with the exercises.

Increasing or decreasing the volume of the respiratory container 6 is performed by removing from the lower part of the container 6 the upper part of the container 6 until it stops or lowering the tapering upper part of the container 6 into the lower part of the container 6 with the same diameter.

When exhaling, the gas mixture from the patient’s lungs with a low oxygen content and a high carbon dioxide content moves through the hose 3 into the respiratory reservoir 6. When inhaling due to the pressure created by the patient’s lungs, the gas mixture from the respiratory reservoir 6 through the hose 3 enters under the half mask 1, when this gas mixture is enriched with oxygen through the opening 10 of the respiratory capacity for atmospheric air.

On the basis of the department of martial arts of the Institute of Physical Culture of Social Service and Tourism (IFKSSiT) of the Ural State Technical University - UPI (GOU VPO USTU - UPI) named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, studies were conducted in which they accepted participation of 16 qualified athletes.

Athletes underwent a course of hypoxytherapy, which was based on breathing through DMF, which was used as a special individual respiratory device - a simulator with a total volume of 500 to 2000 ml. Inhalation was performed 6 days a week, each session included 10-12 cycles of 5-minute breathing through DMP followed by 5-minute breathing with atmospheric air.

The results obtained indicate that the course of IHT contributed to an increase in the working capacity and economization of the respiratory function and to improve the blood circulation of athletes.

An analysis of the results allows us to conclude that the course of normobaric IHT using the proposed breathing simulator is an effective method to improve the functional state of the body, increase the general and special performance of athletes.

The breathing simulator is manufactured, tested with a positive result and recommended for implementation.

Claims (1)

A breathing simulator containing a half mask, a hose and a breathing tank connected in series, characterized in that the half mask has a soft elastic seal line for any face shape, the seal line has inwardly curving edges forming an air cushion along the entire bend line, the half mask is equipped with adjustable head straps their tension, the removable corrugated hose has fastening elements on both sides - on the half mask side and on the side of the respiratory reservoir, which is made of two parts with the ability to control the volume, and the lower part of the breathing tank has the same diameter along the entire length, and the upper part is made with a tapering diameter in the direction of attachment with a hose, the respiratory capacity is provided with holes for removable plugs from the attachment side with the hose and from the lower part, in addition, the respiratory container is provided with an opening for a removable plug for selection from the respiratory capacity of the gas mixture for analysis.

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