RU2389448C2 - Dentistry device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: teeth treatment device comprises at least a pair of tooth processing instruments (an instrument), and a place wherefrom which a doctor takes the instrument. The device is provided with a feeder of the instrument to place wherefrom which a doctor takes the instrument and an instrument feed controller. The feeder comprises a body, a driven platform and a temporary instrument fastener. The platform rotates about the vertical axis. The temporary instrument fastener contains a plate with through holes to mount the instrument, and a flange with a longitudinal groove to mount the used instrument. The temporary instrument fastener is fixed on the platform.

EFFECT: device is characterised by improved usability, prevents possible errors when using the instrument, eg, treatment of a root channel not designed for a given phase or applying the used instrument, reduces fatigue of the doctor and improves therapeutic effect as a whole.

20 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry.

When treating teeth, they use various tools. In order to clarify the essence of the claimed invention, all further description will be built on the example of one type of instruments used in dentistry, namely, on the example of tool kits for treating the root canal of a tooth, inserted into the root canal of the tooth and processing it by rotation. This tool also has another name - “file”.

However, the claimed invention can be used for other sets of tools used in dentistry, for example, for sets of tools for removing teeth, for sets of tools for grinding teeth, for sets of tools for straightening teeth, etc.

The following is an example of the claimed invention relating to a set of tools for treating root canals of teeth. However, the invention can be used for other sets of instruments used in dentistry and medicine.

As you know, there are two methods of processing the root canal of a tooth with a tool (file):

- machine, using an automatic drive to rotate the tool, in which the tool is first fixed (fixed) in the automatic drive - the endodontic motor, after which the tool is rotated and the root canal of the tooth can be processed with it. This tool does not have a hand grip, it is made with a head part fixed in an endodontic motor, and is called a machine tool. Machine tool provides fast and high-quality root canal treatment;

- manual, with the help of hands, in which the tool, rotating hands, lead into the root canal of the tooth. The tool used for this has a hand grip and is called a hand tool. Hand tools have the same design as machine tools, and can be used in more complex clinical situations, for example, in channels with pronounced apical curvature.

The claimed invention is intended primarily for machine processing of the root canal of the tooth with a machine tool.

However, it can also be used for manual processing with a hand tool.

At the beginning of the description of the invention, the applicant considers it appropriate to dwell on existing tools.

As you know, the root canal of the tooth consists of the coronal (wellhead) part of the canal, the middle part of the canal and the apical (final) part of the canal.

To process each part of the root canal of the tooth, it is necessary to use certain tools (files). Therefore, for processing the root canal of the tooth requires several tools that together form a set of tools for processing the tooth canal.

Each manufacturing company produces its own tool sets developed by them. These kits are sometimes called also root canal instrument systems. In this case, the manufacturer sets the sequence of work with the tools (files) of his set. To help the treating person (doctor) distinguish between instruments (files), the manufacturer uses various means of identifying each instrument, for example, puts a color code on their metal heads, in particular, in the form of colored rings.

For example, in the RoTarer kit manufactured by Maillerfer Instruments (Switzerland), the crown (wellhead) of the root canal of the tooth is treated with a tool with the assigned number S1 (or file S1), which is marked on the head with one violet ring (see the brochure "ProTaper Universal - a new version of the world's most popular endodontic system of nickel-titanium instruments", manufactured by Maillerfer Instruments (Switzerland), published by Dentsplay Russia Limited, Moscow). To process the middle part of the channel, this manufacturer suggests using a tool with the number S2 (or file S2) from the set, which is marked on the head part as a single white ring. The apical part is treated with the F1 tool (the head part is marked with a yellow ring). In addition, for processing wide apical portions, this manufacturer offers the F2 tool (the head part is marked with a red ring) and the F3 tool (the head part is marked with a blue ring). For the processing of very wide apical parts, two additional finishing tools are offered: F4 tool (the head part is marked with one yellow ring and two black rings) and F5 tool (the head part is marked with two yellow rings and one black ring between them). If necessary, to increase the taper of the coronal part of the channel, the SX tool is proposed (the head part is not marked in the form of transverse rings).

After determining the working length, each tool is gradually introduced by the treating person into the root canal to the working length.

Each manufacturer sets the limit moment of resistance to rotation and the optimal rotation speed of each tool (file) set during processing by this tool of “its” part of the channel.

For example, the RoTarer toolbox usually contains up to 10 tools (files). For each tool (file), the manufacturer has set its own mode of operation of the endodontic motor. For example, for a tool (file) S1 350 rpm and a maximum moment of resistance to rotation of 500 g / cm are specified. If the maximum torque is exceeded, the endodontic motor is automatically turned off, or reverse, or a complex movement, the so-called “twist” mode.

These tools are used in devices for processing the root canal of the tooth.

A device for the treatment of teeth is known, comprising at least a pair of tools for treating a tooth (tool) and the place from which the treating person takes the tool (see the instruction manual "Endo IT control" of the company "ENDODONTIC SYNERGY VDW", USA, date publication November 2002). When using this device, a tool is attached to the output shaft of the endodontic motor. The endodontic motor is powered from the battery or from the network, and is controlled either by using the foot pedal, or by typing a command on the keyboard of the device.

This device has the following disadvantages.

It lacks automatic feeding of tools in accordance with the intended treatment program

As noted above, on the market there are different sets of tools for processing the tooth canal of different manufacturers. For each tool (file) in the set, the manufacturer sets its ultimate torque resistance to rotation and its optimal rotation speed of the tool (file) during channel processing. As noted above, when the limit moment is reached, the rotation resistance automatically stops the tool (file), or the rotation is reversed, or a complex movement, the so-called “twist” mode.

Obviously, if you use the wrong tool (file) or, for example, for any reason use a tool from a set of another manufacturer and do not withstand, for this reason, the permissible root canal processing parameters set by the manufacturer (ultimate torque resistance and optimal the rotation speed of the tool (file) during channel processing), you can either "spoil" the root canal of the tooth, or break the tool, or both.

However, in the known device there is no automatic control over this, which is one of its disadvantages.

Before determining another disadvantage of the known device, it is necessary to dwell on the following.

Each manufacturer of tool sets (files) for processing tooth channels also determines the maximum number of times each tool (file) is used. Usually it is 8-10 times. If this amount is exceeded, the manufacturer does not guarantee quality: the tool (file) may break or will poorly process the root canal due to the accumulation of fatigue of the metal from which it is made, or blunting of the cutting edges.

To calculate the amount of use of each tool (file), it, that is, a tool, is equipped with a device, conventionally called a “chamomile”. This device is a ring of elastic material worn on a tool (file) with protrusions also of elastic material directed from the outside of the head part from different directions from it from the outside. It resembles a daisy flower, which is why it got this name. Each protrusion easily comes off with hands. After each use of the tool (file), it is necessary to tear off one petal of the “chamomile”. After the last “petal” has come off, it is necessary to stop using the tool (file) that has developed its resource. However, it is obvious that the treating person (doctor) may forget to tear off the “petal” for a number of reasons, which can lead to the use of a used tool (file). Adopted as a prototype, the device “does not consider” the number of uses of the tool (file), which is its second drawback.

To determine another drawback of an existing device, let us dwell on the question: “What is meant by using a tool (file)?”.

Usually, this refers to the optimal operation of the tool, that is, the file, which, in turn, means

1) a specific runtime of the tool (file);

2) the specific load under which this tool (file) works for a given time.

Obviously, you can use the tool so intensively once and with such a moment of resistance to rotation that it can no longer be used in the future. However, in the known device, control over the real state of the instrument is not provided, which is another drawback.

Thus, in the known device is not automatically taken into account how many times the tool worked. It does not determine the type of set to which the tool (file) belongs. It is not automatically controlled which tool (file) to use for processing the root canal of a tooth at this phase and how many times this particular tool has been used before. All this should be controlled only by the treating person (doctor), which is inconvenient, leads to overwork of the treating person (doctor) and, as a result, can lead to an error in using the tool and, as a result, to poor treatment or breakdown of the tool or both at the same time.

Summarizing, we can say that in the prototype:

- there is no automatic feeding of tools according to the adopted dental treatment program;

- there is no determination of the number of times the use of tools (files);

- there is no color screen for identifying the color mark on the instrument (file) (black and white screen);

- there is no data transfer to other devices for information on the number of times each specific tool (file) is used;

- the doctor manually sets the type of tool kit and the number of times the tool is used for “chamomile”.

An object of the invention, to the solution of which it is directed, is the creation of a device for the treatment of teeth, which simultaneously allows:

1) to ensure the automatic supply of the desired tool (file) depending on the phase of the processing of the tooth canal (from the part of the processing of the tooth canal) in accordance with the sequence specified by the manufacturer for processing the canal with appropriate tools;

2) additionally provide the ability to automatically feed the tool not only according to the program for using the tool established by the manufacturer, but also according to the adjusted program designated by the treating person, depending on the characteristics of each tooth and the features of its treatment, for example, twice at a certain processing phase give tool (file) S2 instead of one, or after tool (file) S2 give tool (file S1), and only then tool (file) F1. Thus, the treating person (doctor) himself can program this sequence of tool delivery for the endodontic motor and enter this program of tool delivery from the kit into the control unit, which increases the usability of tools and prevents the error in using the “wrong” tool;

3) on an enlarged display color screen, display the color marking of the head in order to once again confirm the correct choice of an instrument (file) for a given phase of tooth root canal processing. At the same time, the treating person (doctor) sees an enlarged color image of the tool head on the screen, which increases ease of use;

4) provide automatic calculation of the number of uses of each of the tools (files) in the set and display this number in the form of numbers on the screen, in particular color.

The problem is solved as a result of the fact that the device for treating teeth, comprising at least a pair of tools for processing the root canal of the tooth (tool) and the place from which the treating person takes the tool, according to the invention, is equipped with a means for delivering the tool to the place which the treating person takes it, and the control unit of the tool feed means.

This set of common essential features is the essence of the claimed invention. It is necessary and sufficient in all cases of its use.

The present invention is characterized by increased ease of use, prevents the possibility of errors when using a tool, for example, a tool that is not intended for this phase of root canal treatment, or the use of a tool that has developed a resource, reduces the fatigue of the treating person and improves the quality of treatment as a whole.

It simultaneously allows you to:

1) to ensure the automatic supply of the desired tool (file) depending on the phase of the processing of the tooth canal (from the part of the processing of the tooth canal) in accordance with the sequence specified by the manufacturer for processing the canal with appropriate tools;

2) additionally provide the ability to automatically feed the tool not only according to the program for using the tool established by the manufacturer, but also according to the adjusted program designated by the treating person, depending on the characteristics of each tooth and the features of its treatment, for example, twice at a certain processing phase give tool (file) S2 instead of one, or after tool (file) S2 give tool (file S1), and only then tool (file) F1. Thus, the treating person (doctor) himself can program this sequence of tool delivery for the endodontic motor and enter this program of tool delivery from the kit into the control unit, which increases the usability of the tools and prevents the error in using the “wrong” tool;

3) on an enlarged display color screen, display the color marking of the head in order to once again confirm the correct choice of an instrument (file) for a given phase of tooth root canal processing. At the same time, the treating person (doctor) sees an enlarged color image of the tool head on the screen, which increases ease of use;

4) provide automatic calculation of the number of uses of each of the tools (files) in the set and display this number in the form of numbers on the screen, in particular color. For example, according to the manufacturer's instructions, a tool can only be used 8 times. After the eighth use, the claimed device informs the treating person (doctor) about this, for example, by the appearance of an inscription on the screen about the need to replace the tool;

5) a more accurate determination of the moment of replacement of each tool (file). In this case, the criterion can be not only the number of times the tool is used, but also the product of the operating time of each tool and the corresponding current moment of resistance to rotation of the tool until the material is fatigued or its cutting edges become dull (for example, if the channel is small and the tool (file) is “easy” and quickly processes it, then you can use the file more times, and vice versa). However, this issue must be agreed with the manufacturer of the files. Currently, the manufacturer only reports the average number of times a tool (file) was used before it was replaced, which is not accurate, in particular, for the above reason.

As noted above, endodontic motors are equipped with devices for monitoring the limiting moment of resistance to rotation and the rotation speed of each tool (file) set during processing by this tool of “its” part of the channel. But they do not determine the product of these parameters, and most importantly, they do not associate this product with a specific tool and determining the value of the product becomes useless.

And in the claimed device, each tool (file) is located in it in a certain place and can be identified, that is, for each tool (file), you can determine how many times it worked on channel processing, at what rotation speed, at what moments of rotation resistance, moreover, all calculations are made in relation to each specific set tool.

The applicant has developed many variants of the claimed device, relating both to the design of the means of supplying the instrument to the place from which the treating person takes it, and the design of its control unit, not only for tool kits for treating root canals, but also for tool kits for grinding teeth tooth straightening, tooth extraction.

At the same time, the applicant considers it necessary to highlight the following developments and / or clarifications of the totality of its essential features relating to some particular cases of implementation or use.

It is desirable to equip the device with a screen (display) for visual information of the treating person about all the parameters of the tool. Since the tool head parts are color-coded, it is preferable to use a color screen (color display) to present information in color, in particular enlarged color images of the tool head parts.

It is advisable that the tool supply means includes a housing, a platform with a drive, for example a stepper motor, mounted for rotation around a vertical axis, a tool temporary fixation tool mounted on the platform, and identification means connected to the control unit, and the place from which the patient a person takes a tool, it would be indicated by an LED located on the case, preferably multi-color, also connected to the control unit.

The tool temporary fixation tool installed on the platform with the possibility of removal (otherwise this tool can be called “cartridge” or “cartridge”) is the tool carrier (files) of this tool kit (file system, for example, “RoTarer”), in which the tools are located in a certain sequences and the doctor with such a predetermined (programmed) sequence will receive the instruments in the place from which he will sequentially pick them up for fixing in the endodontic motor.

However, the treating person (doctor) himself can enter his own other sequence of using tools and program this sequence of supply of tools for fixing in the endodontic motor.

Or he can, instead of a certain sequence of arrangement of tools in the tool temporary fixation tool, change the location of the tools and program a new sequence of tool feeds for fixing in the endodontic motor.

The devices for fixing tools in the tool temporary fixation tool itself may have a different design. According to the applicant, it is desirable that each tool would have a transverse protrusion in the head, and the means for temporarily securing the tools would comprise a plate with through holes and protrusions on one side of it with the possibility of mounting on a platform, with each tool resting on a lip on the edge in a fixed position through hole and extends into the space inside the hole and into the cavity between the protrusions.

Such a fixture for fixing tools is simple in design, reliable and convenient to use. In it, all the tools are placed in a strictly defined sequence with the possibility of removal and re-installation in its place. They are not scattered on the table of the attending physician.

After using and returning all the instruments to their places, the tool retainer can be removed from the platform together with the instruments and sent to clean and sterilize the instruments, in particular by cleaning and sterilizing the instruments in the tool retainer itself without removing them from it, which further enhances the usability of the tool.

Preferably, the plate of the means of temporary fixation would be made with a protrusion with a longitudinal recess for accommodating the spent tool. This makes convenient disposal in the extraction of used tools (files) possible. Thus, the temporary fixation tool allows you to collect and accumulate used waste tools (files) for their further disposal. For convenience, it is advisable that the recess would be provided with a means for closing, for example, in the form of a plug with a through hole. When accumulating the spent tool, they are lowered through the through hole in the plug into the recess. In order to remove the used tools, it is necessary to remove the cork and pour out or remove the used tools with tweezers.

It is desirable that the means for temporarily securing the instruments have a protective casing, for example, made of a transparent material. This increases the overall hygiene of storing tools before and after their use in the endodontic motor, and facilitates the transfer of temporary fixation tools.

In addition, to ensure the possibility of preliminary cleaning of the tool and to improve the usability of the claimed device, it is preferable that a container for accommodating a tool cleaning tool, for example, in the form of a disposable sponge, be installed on the housing.

Consider now the control unit. As noted earlier, it, like the means of supplying the tool to the place from which the treating person takes it, can have many versions with the ability to perform many functions.

However, according to the applicant, it is advisable for the control unit to contain an object identification tool, a tool for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool, a tool placement program setting module in the tool temporary holding tool, and a feed program setting module the tool to the place from which the treating person takes it, connected to the accounting and analysis module associated with the drive of the tool supply means to the places , From where it takes people attending.

The facility identification tool may have many design options. However, according to the applicant, it is desirable that it be made in the form of an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal placed on the plate of the instrument temporary fixation tool, and a reader located on the case and connected to the metering and analysis module.

In this case, the accounting and analysis module can be performed with the module for determining the type of toolbox, the reader being connected to the module for determining the type of toolbox. As a result of this design using the claimed device, you can determine the type of tool kit.

If the accounting and analysis module is made with the module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times it is used, and the reader is connected to the module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times it is used, then it becomes possible to determine with the claimed device the number of times you use each tool and give out, for example, information to the treating person that further use is impractical, since The instrument has been used the maximum number of times specified by the manufacturer. In addition, the number of times it is used is automatically reported for each tool. For example, the F4 tool (file) is used very rarely, and when other tools can no longer be used, this tool continues to be suitable for treating the root canal of the tooth. Information about this is automatically reported to the treating person.

In this case, there is another advantage of the claimed device, which consists in the following.

If a doctor gives another doctor a means of temporarily holding tools together with tools that works with them for a while and then returns them, then the doctor can easily determine how many times each tool has been used without his knowledge and how many times he can use the tool. To do this, an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal (for example, the well-known RFID tag for radio frequency identification, which is listed on the Internet Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia in Appendix 1 to this application). A reader located on the housing reads this mark using the module for determining the serial number of the tool in the tool kit and taking into account the number of times it is used and provides all the necessary information to the television screen (display): what type of tool kit, how many times each tool was used in other devices, etc.).

The same ease of use will occur if doctors have changed the means of temporarily securing the instruments along with the instruments. In this case, each of them can easily determine how many times each tool has been used and how many times it can use the tool.

The accounting and analysis module can be performed with a module for determining a tool located in a specific position in the tool feed means, with determining the length of the processing time,

and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,

and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool,

moreover, the reading device can be connected to a module for determining a tool located in a certain position in the tool supply tool, with the determination of the length of the processing time,

and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,

and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool.

This will allow for each tool to determine the actual degree of wear and to determine the possibility of each use of the tool based not on the number of times it is used, but on the actual degree of wear.

The means for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding means opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool can have many options.

However, according to the applicant, it is most preferable that it includes a barcode located on the plate of the tool temporary fixation tool, and a barcode reader located on the case, with the possibility of determining at the first risk the first position of the tool temporary fixation tool in front of the place, from which the treating person takes a tool, which is, for example, a photo reader.

Thanks to this device, the first position of the means of temporary fastening of the tools is provided opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool, which is important to ensure reliable operation of the device as a whole (see below). In addition, the barcode can be further used as a means of identification.

Let us illustrate this with an example.

On the side of the tool temporary holding means there is a marking bar code that additionally encodes the name of the system, for example, “RoTarer”, and the individual number of the tool kit, which is entered into the computer system of the endodontic motor.

As a result, as soon as the means of temporarily securing the instruments on the platform are put in, this code is read and the name of the toolbox (that is the “RoTarer” set), its number and the processing stages of the channel using the tools (files) of this set appear on the screen. As a result, the doctor can work with different system of tools (files) of different manufacturers, there is no need to remember anything, since the stages (phases) of processing with the tools (files) of this type of kit of this manufacturer are pre-stored in the bar code and displayed on the television screen (display).

The device also provides the doctor with a choice when the doctor himself determines the sequence of using tools (files) from one or another set of one or another purpose:

- either according to the manufacturer’s instructions,

- either at your own discretion.

For this, in the control unit, there is a module for setting the tool placement program in the tool temporary holding tool.

Let us explain this with a particular example.

A medical worker, for example, a nurse, inserts tools (files) from the set into the temporary instrument fixation tool (cartridge) according to the manufacturer’s instructions, that is, in the order that is on the package. As soon as she put the tool temporary holding tool (cartridge) on the platform, the name of the type of tool kit appeared on the television screen, for example, “RoTarer”, in addition, the installation sequence of the tools appeared: the first position S1, the second position S2, etc., and color markings of the head parts of these tools (see above). The information on what needs to be put on the screen lights up: the name of the tool S1 and its color code. The nurse places the tool S1 in the through hole of the plate of the instrument temporary fixation tool located opposite the LED. Then he presses the button and the stepper motor sets the next position (second through hole), and the name of the second file and its color code appear on the screen), etc.

Another advantage of the claimed device is as follows.

As noted above, an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal via a radio channel is placed inside the instrument temporary fixation tool (for example, the well-known RFID tag for radio frequency identification, which is listed on the Internet Wikipedia, a free encyclopedia). A reader located on the housing reads this mark using the module for determining the serial number of the tool in the tool kit and taking into account the number of times it is used and provides all the necessary information to the television screen (display): what type of tool kit, how many times each tool was used in other devices, etc.

This design feature of the claimed device can be used to introduce the claimed devices into dentistry, which would be used by physician assistants or nurses to install and / or replace tools in a temporary instrument fixation (cartridge). The claimed device in this case would not have a drive, but would retain the radio channels. This would allow documenting all the actions of the maintenance staff in the event of a network connected, for example, to a storage computer, as a nurse or assistant can put the wrong tool in the right place for the instrument (cartridge) temporary fixation tool (this can be determined by the claimed device, for example, by the color of the marking on the head of the installed tool).

The device also provides the doctor with a choice when the doctor himself sets the sequence for receiving the tools (files) from the temporary fixation tools in the place from which the treating person takes the tool,

- either according to the manufacturer’s instructions,

- either at your own discretion.

For this, in the control unit, there is a module for setting the tool supply program to the place from which the treating person takes it.

Another additional advantage of the claimed device is as follows. If several radio channels are connected by several declared devices mounted with their respective “own” endomotors into a single network (for example, using wireless personal networks such as “Bluetooth” or “Z-th”, or “Wi-Fi”, etc.) , then you can effectively exchange information between devices. For example, a tool cannot be used more than 10 times. When it is installed, it is immediately reported to all devices connected by radio channels to all network users that this tool was in some kind of temporary instrument fixation tool (cartridge) No. ... and was used a total of 6 times. This information, for example, can be used in large clinics for statistics.

Another advantage of the claimed device.

Since there is a radio channel inside the device, it can be connected to an external television screen (display monitor) so that all the data appears on the large television screen of the monitor to increase collective information, as well as the quality of perception of information.

Finally, all monitors can be connected via a radio channel network (for example, using the above-mentioned wireless personal networks such as “Bluetooth” or “Z-th”, or “Wi-Fi”, etc.) with the base of this clinic. This will allow you to know the stages of endodontic treatment in terms of processing the endodontic canal of each individual patient. This is often necessary when analyzing complex insurance cases, that is, the device allows you to document all stages of processing the root canal of the tooth.

The advantage of the claimed device also lies in the fact that when it is used, all tools (both used and not used) are not scattered, but are always located in a certain order in the cartridge, which significantly improves the quality of treatment, saves time, reduces fatigue of the treating person (doctor) )

An important advantage of the claimed invention is also that technological equipment and electronic units already used in the medical industry can be used for its implementation.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

Figure 1 shows a device for processing the root canal of the tooth.

Figure 2 shows the claimed device assembly together with a protective casing of transparent material on a means of temporary fastening tools, a perspective view.

In Fig.3 - the same, with a partial section, the protective casing is removed.

Figure 4 shows an engine with a platform and related parts, a perspective view.

Figure 5 shows separately a means of temporarily securing tools with an opaque protective casing, a perspective view.

Figure 6 shows an engine with a platform and related parts, and on the platform there is a means for temporarily securing tools, a perspective view (protective cover removed).

Figure 7 shows a block diagram of a control unit of the claimed device.

On Fig shows a schematic block diagram of a combined device that combines the claimed device with the existing in the prototype control system of the endodontic motor to stabilize within the required range of engine speed, as well as to monitor the current moment of resistance to rotation.

The following is a variant of the claimed device for dental treatment for a special case of use, namely for instruments for the treatment of root canals. However, it can be used for other sets of instruments used in dentistry, as well as for sets of instruments used in other fields of medicine, for example, surgical instruments used in spinal surgery and others.

A device for treating teeth 1 (hereinafter referred to as device 1) includes an endodontic motor 2, at least a pair of tools 3 for processing the root canal 4 of tooth 5 and a place 6 from which the treating person takes tool 3 (Fig. 1). An endodontic motor 2, housed in a housing and provided with a tool gripper, is called an “contra-angle”. The device 1 is equipped with a tool supply 7 to a place 6 from which the treating person takes it, and a control unit 8. In FIGS. 1, 7 and 8, the tool supply 7 is shown schematically (conditionally) without a housing and a screen. In more detail, it and its details are depicted in other figures. The device 1 is provided with a screen 9 made in color.

The applicant has developed many options for the claimed device.

Below he gives a preferred embodiment of the mechanical part, as well as a preferred embodiment of the control unit.

Consider in detail first the mechanical part of the claimed device, and then its control unit.

The mechanical part of the claimed device comprises a tool supply 7, which includes a housing 10, a rotary platform 11 with a drive 12 mounted for rotation around a vertical axis, a tool holding tool 13, which is removably mounted on the platform 11 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). The place 6, from which the treating person takes the tool, is indicated by the LED 14 located on the housing 10, connected to the control unit 8 and made in multicolor.

The drive 12 is a stepper motor 15 mounted on the bottom 16, on which the nodes of the device are supported and which provides the required rigidity of the housing 10. The stepper motor for each pulse gives the output shaft rotation by a certain number of degrees (for more information on the operation of the stepper motor, see below in the section describing the operation of the claimed device). Next to the stepping motor 15, a battery 17 is mounted on the bottom 16, designed to accumulate electricity to power electrical appliances and units of the claimed device. Thanks to him, the claimed device can work autonomously. The stepper motor on the bottom in the housing is fixed so that its output shaft 18 is hexagonal in shape vertically. A rotary platform 11 is also rigidly fixed on the output shaft 18. A board 20 with control buttons 21 is fixedly mounted on the bottom 16 on the stands 19. An LED 14 is also fixedly fixed on the board, indicating the place from which the treating person takes tool 3, as well as a barcode reader code 22 of the means 23 of setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool (Figs. 7 and 8). The bar code itself is located on the tool temporary holding tool 13, for a detailed description aniyu design which we now turn.

It contains a plate 24 with through holes 25 and with a support 26 on one side of it with the possibility of installation on the platform 11, as well as with a coaxial protrusion 27 with a hexagonal recess 28 of the coupling of the temporary connection of the drive with a temporary fixation tool (figure 5). Another element of this coupling is the previously described hexagonal shape of the output shaft 18 of the stepper motor 15. Each through hole 25 is a seat (socket) for one tool 3. Therefore, the number of through holes 25 must be such as to accommodate all the tools from the set, for example, twelve . In addition, on the side of the plate 24, the barcode 29 of the means 23 for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding means opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool is rigidly fixed (Figs. 7 and 8).

To further describe this node in detail, we note that each tool 3 includes a working part for working in different parts of the root canal (coronal, middle, apical) and an expanded head part 30 for fixing in an ondontic motor or for fixing in a handle, for example, silicone for more ease of use (hand tools). In a fixed position on the tool temporary holding means, each tool 3 is supported by the expanded head portion 30 on the edge 31 of the corresponding through hole 25 and is pulled by the working part into the space inside the hole 25 (Fig. 5). As mentioned above, the coupling of the temporary connection of the drive with the tool temporary holding means comprises a hexagonal output shaft 18 of the stepper motor and a coaxial protrusion 27 with a hexagonal recess 28 of the tool temporary holding means.

The tool temporary fixing means 13 is mounted on the turntable 11. For ease of installation and aesthetic appearance, a cover 32 with a neck 33 is fixed on the board 20 for guiding the tool temporary fixing means.

For installation, take the tool 13 temporary holding tools with your hand and insert it into the neck 33 as a guide until it rests with the support 26 on the turntable 11 while simultaneously covering the hexagonal recess 28 of the hexagonal shape of the output shaft 18 of the stepper motor 15. As a result, when the stepper motor is turned on 15, the tool holding tool 13 begins to rotate.

To accommodate the spent tool 34, the plate 24 of the tool temporary holding means 13 is made with a protrusion 35 with a longitudinal recess 36. The protrusion 35 is conveniently used as a handle to take the tool temporary holding means 13 in hand. The protrusion 35 should be of sufficient height so that it can easily be taken into the hand, without touching the extended head parts 30 of the tools 3 inserted by the working parts into the through holes 25 in the plate 24, and also so that it is convenient to insert and remove these tools 3 from holes 25 in this plate 24.

So that when transferring the used tools 34 would not spill out of the longitudinal recess 36 and would not be confused with tools that can still be used to process the root canals of the teeth, the longitudinal recess 36 of the protrusion 35 is equipped with a closure in the form of a stopper 37, for example silicone, with a through hole 38 With this design, it is convenient to lower the spent tools 34 into the longitudinal recess 36 through the relatively narrow through hole 38 of the plug 37. The plug 37 will reliably prevent the spent tool 34 from spilling out from the longitudinal second recess 36 even with overturning means 13 temporarily securing the tool to remove waste tools necessary to remove the stopper 37 and are emptied into the longitudinal cavity 36 worked tools 34.

The tool temporary fixing means 13 has a removable protective cover 39, which covers the tools 3 and rests on the plate 24. It can be made of a transparent material (figure 2) or of an opaque material (figure 5).

Preferably, the tool holding means 13 and the removable protective cover 39 are made of a material, for example plastic, that can withstand sterilization in an autoclave. In this case, the tool after preliminary mechanical cleaning is conveniently fixed on the tool 13 for temporary fixation of the tools and under a removable protective cover 39 is subjected to sterilization in an autoclave.

A container 40 is installed on the housing 10 to accommodate a tool cleaning agent 3, for example, a disposable sponge (FIG. 3, a disposable sponge not shown) or other means for pre-cleaning the tool, such as wipes, impregnated with a disinfectant solution.

This is the mechanical part of the claimed device. As you can see, it provides not only a systematic arrangement of tools, but also a complete set of devices for caring for it. In the end, it can even be used independently without a control unit only as a means of facilitating the treating person to increase the convenience of using tool kits.

Now consider in detail the control unit of the claimed device, inextricably linked with its mechanical part.

Figure 1 shows the control unit 8 of the claimed device, providing only automatic feeding of tools 3 for processing root canals of teeth.

In more detail, the control unit 8 is shown in Fig.7. It contains means 41 for identifying objects, the previously mentioned means 23 for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool, module 42 for setting the tool placement program in the tool holding tool, and module 43 for setting the tool feed program in place which the treating person takes it, connected to the module 44 accounting and analysis associated with the drive 12 of the tool 7 for supplying the tool in place 6, from which the treating person will use ret.

Each of these tools and modules can have different designs.

The above-described control unit 8 can be used independently, but it is most optimally used in combination with existing control systems for stabilization in the required range of engine speed and monitoring the current moment of resistance to rotation. In this case, the control unit of the claimed device can be interconnected with an existing control system to perform its functions, that is, for example, become a kind of prefix to it.

As an example, Fig. 8 shows a schematic block diagram of a combined device combining the claimed device (which is a means for arranging a set of cutting tools in the required order) with the endodontic motor control system existing in the prototype for stabilization within the required range of engine revolutions, as well as to track the current moment of resistance to rotation.

Let's consider it in detail.

It consists of a central processor 45, which, through a computer program 46 that helps the central processor 45 to work with the endodontic motor 2 (the driver for controlling the endodontic motor) controls the operation of the endodontic motor 2 of the contra-angle, namely, it stabilizes the rotation speed of the endodontic motor within the necessary limits and monitors the current the moment of resistance to rotation of the tool 3. Typically, the start of the endodontic motor 2 of the contra angle with the gripped tool 3 is carried out by pressing the pedal whether control 47 or a specific key on the keyboard 48. Through the keyboard 48 also sets the speed of rotation of the endodontic motor 2 and the maximum allowable moment of resistance to rotation. The Central processor 45 depicts through a computer program 49 that helps the Central processor 45 to work with the television screen 9 (display driver), and the television screen 9 (display monitor) the necessary data on the television screen 9 (display screen).

Note: the display refers to a device for input, editing and visual display of information. The display consists of a monitor, keyboard and a number of other devices. Monitors can be designed based on cathode ray tubes or similar devices.

Some endodontic motors have the ability to adjust the user program, for example, through port 50 of the adjustment of the user program for controlling the operation of the contra-angle endodontic motor 2, in particular through the well-known USB port. To power the device and, in particular, the nodes of the endodontic motor 2, the power supply 51 is intended.

In the device shown in Fig. 8, the central processor 45 has a control unit 8 (Fig. 1), shown in detail earlier in Fig. 7 (in Fig. 8, the control unit 8 is not shown so as not to make the figure heavier). This control unit is connected to the LED 14, indicating the place 6, from which the treating person takes the tool 3, and with the barcode reader 22. In addition, the control unit controls the operation of the stepper motor 15 through a computer program 52 that helps the control unit 8 of the central processor 45 to work with the stepper motor 15 (stepper motor control driver). The stepper motor 15, controlled by the control unit 8 of the central processor 45, serves to supply the desired tool (according to the program) opposite the LED 14.

The most important element of the control unit is a means of identifying objects. It can be made, for example, in the form of an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal placed in the form of a mark 53 on the plate 24 of the tool holding tool 13 (Fig. 5) and a reader located on the housing 10 (not shown) and connected to the module 44 accounting and analysis (Fig.7). The reader is indicated at 54 in FIG. As an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal, for example, the well-known RFID can be used. Moreover, depending on the type of readable and integrated multifunctional information scheme, the accounting and analysis module can be performed

- with a module for determining the type of toolbox, the reader being connected to a module for determining the type of toolbox;

- with a module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times of its use, and the reader is connected to a module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times of its use;

- with a module for determining a tool located in a specific position in the tool feed, with the determination of the length of the processing time,

and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,

and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool,

moreover, the reading device is connected to a module for determining a tool located in a certain position in the tool supply means, with the determination of the duration of the processing time,

and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,

and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool.

Another important element of the control unit 8 is the previously indicated means 23 for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding means opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool. With the help of it, the position №1 is detected. As noted earlier, this tool includes a barcode 29 located on the plate 24 of the tool holding tool 13 (the barcode is shown in FIG. 8), and a barcode reader 22, for example, a photo reader located on the housing 10 with the possibility of determination at the first risk of the first position of the means of temporary fastening of the tools opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool. This is position No. 1, characterized in that the hole 25 of the tool temporary holding tool 13 for placing the first tool from the tool kit is located opposite the LED 14. To determine the position of the first position of the tool holding tool 13, relative to the LED 14, indicating the place from which the patient is the person picks up the tool, serves as the first risk of the barcode 29, deposited on the plate 24 of the means 13 temporary fixation of the tools. In addition to the position of the first position, the barcode determines, for example, the type of tool kit (Protaper, GT Rotary, etc.), the serial number of the tool temporary holding tool 13. The barcode is read using a barcode reader 22, such as a photo reader. Mandatory is the stroke that defines the first position of the tool 13 temporary fixing tools. In order to be able to use one tool holding tool 13 on several endodontic motors inside the tool holding tool 13, the previously mentioned tag 53 (RFID tag) can be fixed on which the type of tool kit and the number of times each tool is used can be recorded. Reading and writing information to or from the RFID tag is carried out by the corresponding module of the RFID reader (not shown). To connect the endodontic motor with other devices, for example, a control unit 8 of the large-screen central processor 45, an additional module 55, for example, the well-known Bluetooth module, can be used.

It should be noted that the means of identifying objects can perform all functions, except for determining the first position of the tool temporary holding tool 13, which is performed only by the tool 23 for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool. The means 23 of setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool can, with the help of barcodes, take on some of the functions that the object identification means performs, for example:

- determination of the type of toolbox;

- determination of the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times it is used.

Of course, in this case, the corresponding modules are introduced into the control unit 8.

Consider the operation of the claimed device.

Preliminary work with the device

Before starting work, once fill the tool 13 for temporary fixing of tools with tools 3, hanging them on the edges 31 of the through holes 25 in the plate 24. Two filling options: manually according to the manufacturer's table or automatically. In the second case, we place an empty (without tools) tool 13 for temporarily holding tools on the platform 11. Using module 42, specify a program for placing tools in a tool holding tool, set a tool placement program. After that, immediately or after pressing the button, the tool temporary fixing tool 13 rotates and is set to position No. 1 opposite the LED 14, for example, the tri-color brand RGB 5, which then changes color, for example, turns green. By the barcode on the tool 13 temporary holding tools using an optical reader 22 barcode can be determined:

1) the name of the first instrument;

2) type of tool kit;

3) the serial number of the tool 13 temporary fixation tools.

This information appears on screen 9. You must manually enter the tool into the through hole 25 located on the plate 24 opposite the LED 14.

After that, click on the button for the next step. After this, the next through hole 25 (position No. 2) is installed opposite the LED 14 and data appears on the screen 9 for tool No. 2 from the set, etc.

Device operation

First, the doctor sets up the tool delivery program using the module 43 of setting the tool delivery program to the place from which the treating person takes it. Then he puts the means 13 for temporarily securing the tools with the files installed in it in the right order on the platform 11. Installing the files in the right order, for example, means that the tools (files) are installed in the through holes 25 of the plate 24 in accordance with how they are located in the manufacturer’s kit, for the Pro Taper kit it means that in the hole No. 1, designated as the first position, the file marked S1 is placed, in the hole No. 2, marked as the second position, the file marked S2 is placed, and t .d. After you installed the tool 13 temporary fixing tools, it begins to automatically rotate and read from its side surface of the barcode with the determination of the type of set. The number of the tool temporary holding means 13 is remembered, since there can be several such tools. By the barcode on the tool 13 temporary holding tools using an optical reader 22 barcode is determined:

1) the name of the tool (file), for example, S1, S2, etc .;

2) the code of the tool kit (for example, the tools of the Pro Taper kit);

3) the serial number of the tool 13 temporary fixation tools.

On screen 9, a splash screen appears with the name of the type of system tool kit (for example, РоТареr), the appearance of the head of the file with a color code and data on its use (recommended speed and maximum torque), as well as additional information for working with this file inside the root channel.

As noted, the platform 11 rotates the tool holding tool 13 and sets it to position No. 1 at which the tool stops opposite the LED 14, for example, the tool (file) S1. The LED after stopping changes its color, signaling the supply of the tool. At the same time, on screen 9, as noted above, data appears on the tool (file) No. 1 of this system (that is, on the S1 file of the RroTarer set).

The doctor takes out this tool opposite the mark, inserts it into the contra-angle, turns on the rotation of the endodontic motor and processes the root canal of the tooth. Then the doctor removes file No. 1 from the contra-angle and inserts it into a free through hole 25 in the plate 24 opposite the LED 14. After that, the doctor presses the button for the next step set by the program. In this case, the stepper motor moves the tool holding tool 13 to position No. 2, at which file No. 2 (or one specified by the program and recommended according to the channel processing scheme) will be opposite the LED 14. After stopping, the LED will light up in the corresponding color, signaling the supply tool.

It is important to note that in order to avoid a malfunction, any movement of the tool temporary fixation tool 13 occurs from label No. 1, that is, if the switch-on was knocked down (for example, the tool temporary fixation tool 13 was accidentally rotated by hand to a different position), then the count will not fail, t .to. means 13 temporary fixation of tools will always return to position No. 1 means 13 temporary fixation of tools and then from it will turn to the desired position.

During the initial installation, the tool holding tool 13 will either automatically rotate to position No. 1, or, after clicking on the corresponding button, will begin rotation to read the bar code and set it to position No. 1. As a result, the through hole 25 of the plate 24 of the first position will be opposite the label LED 14.

The operation of tool No. 1, if it is characterized by a specific moment and time, is considered as the unit of use of tool (file) No. 1 and another use of this file is noted in the control unit 8 of the central processor 45 and on screen 9. In this case, the operating time with this tool each time, the moment of resistance to rotation and the speed of rotation, as well as their product if necessary, can be indicated. Using tag 53 of the facility identification tool, all this is recorded, including that tool # 1 was used again. Also, this information can be submitted by radio channels to other devices using the optional module 55 and taken into account by the doctor at the next use or for other purposes, for example, monitoring and recording the use of the tool.

The attending person (doctor) clicks on the button for the next step. The device supplies the following tool (file) according to the program, that is, it sets it opposite the LED 14 and displays its parameters on screen 9.

In the process, each tool is located on its through hole 25 of the tool temporary fixation means 13 and therefore, the likelihood of cross-infection is reduced (from one tool to another from different patients, which occurs when they are in a heap or even touch from different patients). At the same time, the nurse does not take the tools with his hands, and the doctor can insert the tool from the corner tip into the hole 25 of the tool holding tool 13.

The tool is reliably protected by the outer wall of the tool 13 temporary fixation of the tools from external infection, will not prick and it is convenient to disinfect. In this case, first the instruments fixed in the tool temporary fixation means 13 perform pre-sterilization cleaning and disinfection, for example, in an ultrasonic washing and then autoclaving sterilization.

The invention allows to provide:

1) the automatic supply of the desired tool (file) depending on the phase of the processing of the tooth canal (from the part of the processing of the tooth canal) in accordance with the sequence of processing the canal specified by the manufacturer with appropriate tools;

2) additionally provide the ability to automatically feed the tool not only according to the program for using the tool established by the manufacturer, but also according to the adjusted program designated by the treating person, depending on the characteristics of each tooth and the features of its treatment, for example, twice at a certain processing phase file tool (file) S2 instead of one or after tool (file) S2 file tool (file S1), and only then tool (file) F1. Thus, the treating person (doctor) himself can program this sequence of tool delivery for the endodontic motor and enter this program of tool delivery from the kit into the control unit, which increases the usability of the tools and prevents the error in using the “wrong” tool;

3) on an enlarged display color screen, display the color marking of the head in order to once again confirm the correct choice of an instrument (file) for a given phase of tooth root canal processing. At the same time, the treating person (doctor) sees an enlarged color image of the tool head on the screen, which increases ease of use;

4) provide automatic calculation of the number of uses of each of the tools (files) in the set and display this number in the form of a number on the screen, in particular color;

5) increase ease of use, reduce the burden on the treating person (doctor), facilitate cleaning and sterilization of the instrument.

In addition to the above variants of the invention, numerous other modifications are possible, in particular for other sets of tools used in medicine. All of them are covered by the following claims.

Information sources

1. Advertising brochure “ProTaper Universal - a new version of the world's most popular endodontic system of nickel-titanium instruments”, manufactured by Maillerfer Instruments (Switzerland), published by Dentsplay Russia Limited, Moscow (prototype).

Claims (20)

1. A device for treating teeth, comprising at least a pair of tools for treating a tooth (tool), and a place from which the treating person takes the tool, characterized in that it is provided with means for supplying the tool to the place from which the treating person takes it and a control unit for the tool feed means, the tool feed means comprising a housing, a drive platform mounted to rotate about a vertical axis, and tool temporary holding means mounted on the platforms and containing a plate with through holes for accommodating the tool and a protrusion with a longitudinal recess for accommodating the spent tool. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a screen. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the screen is color. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tool supply means includes a coupling for temporarily connecting the drive to the tool temporary holding means, and the place from which the treating person takes the tool is indicated by an LED located on the housing and also connected to the control unit. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that each tool has a working part and an expanded head part, and the means for temporarily securing the tools contains a plate with through holes and with a support on one side of it with the possibility of installation on the platform, as well as with a coaxial protrusion with a multi-faceted recess of the coupling of the drive’s temporary connection with the tool temporary holding tool, and in a fixed position, each tool is supported by the expanded head on the edge of the through hole and stretches the other part into the space inside the hole. 6. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the longitudinal recess of the protrusion is equipped with a means for closing. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the means for closing is a cork with a through hole. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of temporary fastening of the tools has a protective casing. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the protective casing is made of a transparent material. 10. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the plate drive is a stepper motor. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a container is installed on the housing to accommodate a tool cleaner. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the tool cleaner is a disposable sponge. 13. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the LED is multicolor. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit comprises means for identifying objects, means for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding tool opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool, a module for setting the tool placement program in the tool holding tool, and a module assignments of the tool supply program to the place from which the treating person takes it, connected to the accounting and analysis module associated with the drive of the tool supply means to the place from which th person attending it takes. 15. The device according to 14, characterized in that the means of identification of objects is made in the form of an integrated multifunctional circuit with an antenna for receiving and transmitting a radio signal placed on the plate of the tool temporary fixation means, and a reader located on the housing and connected to the metering module and analysis. 16. The device according to clause 15, wherein the module for accounting and analysis is made with a module for determining the type of toolbox, and the reader is connected to a module for determining the type of toolbox. 17. The device according to clause 15, wherein the accounting and analysis module is made with a module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times it is used, the reader connected to the module for determining the serial number of the tool in the toolbox and accounting for the number of times its use. 18. The device according to clause 15, wherein the accounting and analysis module is made with a module for determining a tool located in a specific position in the tool supply means, with determining the length of the processing time,
and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,
and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool,
moreover, the reading device is connected to a module for determining a tool located in a certain position in the tool supply means, with the determination of the duration of the processing time,
and / or the moment of resistance to rotation of this tool,
and / or revolutions of rotation of this tool. 19. The device according to p. 15, characterized in that the means for setting the first position of the tool temporary holding means opposite the place from which the treating person takes the tool, includes a bar code located on the plate of the tool temporary holding means, and a bar code reader located on the case, with the possibility of determining at a first risk the first position of the means for temporarily securing the tools in front of the place from which the treating person takes the tool. 20. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the barcode reader is a photo reader.

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