RU2380715C1 - Counter of electricity losses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: proposed counter of electricity losses comprises the first gate multivibrator, functional converter, division unit, generator of rectangular pulses, the first and second counters, indictor, analog-digital converter, reprogrammable storage device, transceiver, computer, timer, clock timer, the second gate multivibrator, accumulating summator, current sensor, which are accordingly connected to each other. In its turn, accumulating summator comprises the first and second registers, the third gate multivibrator and summator.

EFFECT: improved accuracy and expansion of device functional resources.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of information-measuring and computer technology, is intended to calculate the rms value of the load current and can be used as a counter for electricity losses during the current day, as well as over the past day, months, years.

A device for determining one-dimensional initial moments of the Kth order of a random signal [1], comprising an integrating analog-to-digital converter, a unit for determining the mathematical expectation, reversible counters of control and result, a decimal counter of the order of the moment, a sampling counter, triggers, AND, OR, NOT, digital-to-analog converter, decoder, display unit, switches.

The disadvantages of the analogue are complexity, low accuracy and narrow functionality of the device.

Analogues of the proposed device also include a device for determining one-dimensional initial moments of the Kth order [2], containing a comparison unit, a random signal generator, consisting of a pseudorandom signal generator and a digital-to-analog converter, a clock generator, a counter accumulating an adder, a power converter , display unit, initial setting unit.

The disadvantage of the analogue is a significant methodological error of the device, due to the algorithm of its operation, and narrow functionality.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a device for determining the initial moments of any order [3], containing an input terminal, a functional converter, an integrator, a voltage reference source, a comparator, a single vibrator, the first and second counters, a rectangular pulse generator, a division unit, an indicator.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the low accuracy due to the presence in the circuit of the device of an analog integrator, made on an operational amplifier and capacitor, as well as narrow functionality.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the accuracy and expand the functionality of the device.

This technical problem is solved due to the fact that the device for determining the initial moments of any order, containing a functional converter, a division unit, an indicator, a first one-shot, a rectangular pulse generator, first and second counters, an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the functional converter , the information output of the second counter is connected to the input of the divider of the division unit, a reprogrammable memory device, a computer, transmitter, timer, timer-clock, second one-shot accumulator, current sensor, the output of which is connected to the information input of the analog-to-digital converter, the information input of the accumulating adder is connected to the output of the functional converter, and the output is connected to the combined indicator input and the input of the divisible division unit the output of which is connected to the information input of the reprogrammable storage device, the output of which through the transceiver is connected to the information input of the computer, the output of the rectangular pulse generator is connected to the combined clock inputs of the analog-to-digital converter, timer-clock and timer, the overflow output of which is connected to the combined clock input of the second counter and the start-up input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of the end of the conversion cycle of which is connected to the control input of the accumulating adder, the output of the timer-clock is connected to the combined clock input of the first counter and the inverse input of the first one-shot, the output of which is connected to nennymi write control input of reprogrammable memory device and an inverse input of a second monoflop, whose output is connected to inputs of zero-setting the combined accumulator and a second counter, the first counter information output is connected to the address input of the memory device reprogrammable.

The information input of the accumulating adder is connected to the first input of the adder, the output of which through the first register is connected to the information input of the second register, the information output of which is connected to the combined second input of the adder and the output of the accumulating adder, the control input of which is connected to the combined recording control input of the first register and the inverse input the third one-shot, the output of which is connected to the recording control input of the second register, the zero-setting input of which is connected to the input m zero-setting of the accumulator.

Significant differences of the proposed technical solution are the introduction of new elements into the device circuit (current sensor, transceiver, computer, timer, timer-clock, reprogrammable memory device, a second one-shot accumulator) and the use of new connections between the elements. These significant differences ensure the achievement of a positive effect - improving accuracy and expanding the functionality of the device.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the device, figure 2 is a diagram of the accumulating adder.

The electricity loss counter (Fig. 1) contains a current sensor 1 (DT), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 2, a functional converter (FP) 3, an accumulating adder (NS) 4, a division unit 5 (DB), an indicator 6, reprogrammable a storage device (EPROM) 7, a transceiver 8, a computer 9, a square-wave pulse generator (GUI) 10, a timer 11 and a timer-clock 12, the first 13 and second 14 counters, the first 15 and second 16 single vibrators.

The output of the current sensor 1 is connected to the information input of the analog-to-digital converter 2, the output of which is connected to the input of the functional converter 3, the output of which is connected to the information input of the accumulating adder 4, the output of which is connected to the combined input of the indicator 6 and the input of the divisible division unit 5, the output of which connected to the information input of the reprogrammable storage device 7, the output of which through the transceiver 8 is connected to the information input of the computer 9, the output of the rectifier 10 of pulses is connected to the combined clock inputs of the analog-to-digital converter 2, timer-clock 12 and timer 11, the overflow output of which is connected to the combined clock input of the second counter 14 and the trigger input of the analog-to-digital converter 2, the output of the end of the conversion cycle of which is connected to the control input accumulating adder 4, the output of the timer-clock 12 is connected to the combined clock input of the first counter 13 and the inverse input of the first one-shot 15, the output of which is connected to the combined input ohm, controlling the recording of the reprogrammable memory 7 and the inverse input of the second one-shot 16, the output of which is connected to the combined zero-setting inputs of the accumulating adder 4 and the second counter, the information output of which is connected to the input of the divider of the division unit 5, the information output of the first counter is connected to the address input of the reprogrammable memory devices 7.

The accumulating adder 4 (FIG. 2) comprises an adder 17, the first input of which is connected to the information input of the accumulating adder 4, the output of the adder 17 through the first register 18 is connected to the information input of the second register 19, the information output of which is connected to the combined second input of the adder 17 and the output accumulating adder 4, the control input of which is connected to the combined input of the write control of the first register 18 and the inverse input of the third one-shot 20, the output of which is connected to the write control input the second register 19, the input of the zero setting which is connected to the input of the zero setting of the accumulating adder 4.

From the output of DT 1 to the information input of ADC 2, the random process under study changes the load current I (t). At the output of the ADC 2 appears a digital code proportional to the process

This code through FP 3 (which operates in quadrature mode, i.e., squares the input value) is fed to the input of HC 4, which operates as follows.

A timer 11, the input of which receives pulses from the GUI 10, the sampling interval Δt is formed. The output pulse of the timer 11 is counted by the counter 14 and starts the ADC 2. The pulse from the output of the end of the conversion cycle of the ADC 2 writes to the register 18 the sum of the ADC 2 code with the contents of register 19 (accumulated from the previous measurement time), as well as the one-shot 20. The pulse from the output the latter is fed to the control input of the register 19, in which the sum of the samples is recorded taking into account the last value.

The code from the output of register 19 goes to the output of HC 4.

So with the help of NS 4, the sum of the samples N for the time T is determined by the formula

where S is the content of HC 4 at the end of the interval T;

N is the number of samples over time T, counted by the counter 14.

за текущие сутки отображается на индикаторе 6.The accumulating adder 4 works as an ampere-square-hour counter, the value

for the current day is displayed on indicator 6.

The division unit 5 determines the square of the rms current value I (t) over time T by the formula

за прошедшие сутки, а также обнуляют содержимое счетчика 14 и регистра 19.The timer-clock 12 at the end of the day changes by one the contents of the counter 13, the output code of which sets the cell number of the ROM 7, in which the value is written

over the past day, and also reset the contents of counter 14 and register 19.

The contents of the ROM 7 for a long time (month, year, several years) is transmitted to the computer 9 by the transceiver 8.

The data obtained in EEPROM 7 is used to calculate the loss of electricity in the electrical networks of energy facilities.

The device (without DT 1 and computer 9) is made in miniature on an Atmel AVR microcontroller.

The advantages of the proposed device in comparison with the known ones are a smaller error and wider functionality, and due to the use of a digital information processing algorithm, it can be implemented on a modern microelectronic base - for example, AVR microcontrollers.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1108464, IPC G06F 17/18, 1983.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 922769, IPC G06F 17/18, 1980.

3. USSR author's certificate No. 2041496, IPC G06F 17/18, 1991 (prototype).

Claims (2)

1. An electric power loss counter comprising a first one-shot, a functional converter, a division unit, a rectangular pulse generator, first and second counters, an indicator, an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the functional converter, the information output of the second counter is connected to the input of the divider of the division unit characterized in that it additionally introduces a reprogrammable memory device, a transceiver, a computer, a timer, a timer-clock, a second one-shot, accumulator an adder, a current sensor, the output of which is connected to the information input of the analog-to-digital converter, the information input of the accumulating adder is connected to the output of the functional converter, and the output is connected to the combined indicator input and the input of the divisible division unit, the output of which is connected to the information input of the reprogrammable storage device, the output of which is connected through the transceiver to the information input of the computer, the output of the rectangular pulse generator is connected to the clock inputs of the analog-to-digital converter, timer-clock and timer, the overflow output of which is connected to the combined clock input of the second counter and the trigger-input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of the end of the conversion cycle of which is connected to the control input of the accumulating adder, the output of the timer-clock is connected to the combined clock input of the first counter and the inverse input of the first one-shot, the output of which is connected to the combined recording control input of the programmable the flashing device and the inverse input of the second one-shot, the output of which is connected to the combined zero-setting inputs of the accumulating adder and the second counter, the information output of the first counter is connected to the address input of the reprogrammable storage device. 2. The counter according to claim 1, characterized in that the accumulating adder contains first and second registers, a third one-shot and an adder, the first input of which is connected to the information input of the accumulating adder, the output of the adder through the first register is connected to the information input of the second register, the information output of which connected to the combined second input of the adder and the output of the accumulating adder, the control input of which is connected to the combined input of the write control of the first register and the inverse input of the third od ovibratora whose output is connected to the write control input of the second register, the zero input of which is connected to the zero input of the accumulator.

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