RU2297858C1 - Device for treating malignant tumor cases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has optical block connected to processor having two radiators producing visible spectrum laser radiation and near infrared region in optical bandwidth, respectively. They are brought through converter socket to fiber-optical light guide having replaceable diffuser on distal end, a temperature sensor control, the power supply, programming port, data input block and display. The temperature sensor control is carried out by means of coaxially distributed thermodes connected to the processor and fixed on optical fibers end faces, movable in longitudinal direction in hollow needle tip canals inclined towards periphery.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; exact tumor tissue localization, simultaneous endoscopic control and automatically adjustable irradiation process.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, and more specifically, to therapeutic devices for treating malignant tumors by irradiation with laser radiation, aimed at the destruction of abnormal cells without disrupting the functioning of healthy cells.

The level of this technical field characterizes the device for laser therapy according to the patent for invention RU 2122873, A 61 N 5/067, 1998, which contains a power supply unit, an associated microprocessor control unit to which an optical unit with semiconductor laser diodes is connected. The radiation of laser diodes using a fiber optic converter is brought together for input to the input of a replaceable fiber-optic instrument.

The interchangeable fiber tool is designed to irradiate the skin and internal organs with both transcutaneous and endoscopic methods.

Semiconductor laser diodes emit at wavelengths of 0.63-0.67 μm and 0.81-0.84 μm, respectively, which refers to the visible and infrared (IR) spectral regions.

The described device provides a combined or autonomous exposure to laser radiation in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum.

The disadvantage of this device is the limited functionality for varying the modes of operation during photodynamic therapy and thermotherapy, as well as their sequence, which reduces the effectiveness and increases the duration of treatment.

The noted disadvantages are eliminated in the device for the treatment of malignant tumors according to the patent for utility model RU 26428, A 61 N 5/06, 2002, which is selected as the closest analogue by the number of matching features.

The known device comprises a power supply unit, a microprocessor control unit, a laser radiation generator based on semiconductor laser diodes, one channel of which generates laser radiation in the visible range with spectra matching the absorption spectra of photosensitizers, the other in the near infrared region of the optical range, a fiber-optic converter equipped with at least one optical connector, and a fiber with a removable diffuser mounted on its distal end.

The device is additionally equipped with a clock generator controlled by a microprocessor unit, the output of which is connected to the inputs of both channels of the laser radiation generator, and a temperature sensor connected to the microprocessor control unit, the other input of which is connected to the data input unit.

The clock generator is made with the possibility of separate or joint functioning of each of its channels according to a given law in the mode of pulse-width modulation.

A replaceable diffuser at the distal end of the optical fiber provides the most effective way of supplying radiation to the affected area of the biological tissue.

The temperature sensor is designed to maintain the set temperature and heating time of the affected biological tissue.

A programming port with an RS-232 code sequence channel provides calibration of the temperature sensor.

A disadvantage of the known device is the unsatisfactory effectiveness of the treatment due to the probabilistic heating of the affected area, because it is difficult to accurately determine the tumor site with an integrated assessment of the location of the biological tissue with elevated temperature. It was established that the temperature of the affected tissue, ceteris paribus, is 1-2 degrees C higher than the temperature of healthy tissue (see Materials of the 1st International Congress, LASER & HEALTH, Limessol, Cyprus, 1997).

For this reason, the duration of the operation is increased to treat the entire area where the tumor is detected.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the effectiveness of treatment identified by the location of a malignant tumor while reducing the time of directed laser radiation.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device for the treatment of malignant tumors, containing an optical unit connected to the processor, including two emitters that generate laser radiation in the visible range and near infrared region of the optical range, respectively, connected through the converter connector to the optical fiber carrying a removable diffuser at the distal end, a temperature sensor, a power source, a programming port, a data input unit and a display according to the invention In addition, the temperature sensor is made in the form of coaxially distributed temperature sensors connected to the processor and mounted on the ends of the optical fibers, placed with the possibility of longitudinal movement in the channels of the hollow needle tip, inclined to the periphery, and in the central channel of the hollow needle tip, the endoscope connected via processor with a control monitor.

Distinctive features increased the efficiency of targeted treatment of a directly malignant tumor due to its diagnosis, that is, identifying the location of affected cells is mediated by temperature and visually instrumental accurate detection by means of a telescopic temperature sensor, compactly combined with an endoscope.

EFFECT: invention allows combining an endoscope connected through a processor with a video monitoring monitor together with a temperature sensor, which characterizes it as a new multifunctional tool, compact, technologically convenient for carrying out an objective diagnosis of the tumor location visually, differentiating the tumor according to the discrete readings of the temperature sensor sensors examining the entire affected area biological tissue, and in real time, according to the video image on the monitor, are controlled m parameters to carry out directional laser radiation in the selected mode.

The fastening of temperature sensors at the ends of flexible optical fibers placed in their dilution guides, made in the form of endoscope channel tips that are tilted to the periphery, with longitudinal supply of optical fibers along the instrumental needle, the sensor was automatically radially extended with an extension of the study area.

The spatial combination of temperature sensors with an endoscope connected through a processor to a video monitoring device allows us to visually identify the location of the affected area of the biological tissue by the level of elevated temperature of discrete measurements, to which the fiber diffuser from the radiation generator directly moves for local intensive care.

The proposed design of the temperature sensor is a compact manual control transformer, which is assembled in the dimensions of the tubular body of a serial endoscope.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent in the signs of disunity, that is, the task is solved not by the sum of the effects, but by the super effect of the sum of the essential features.

The essence of the proposed invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:

figure 1 is a block diagram of a device;

figure 2 - temperature sensor in the context, the initial position;

figure 3 is the same operating position.

The device for laser diagnostics and oncology therapy contains a processor 1, which is connected to an optical unit 2, which includes a block 3 for buffer control of emitters 4 and 5, made in the form of semiconductor laser diodes that generate radiation, respectively, in the visible range (wavelength 0.6-0 , 7 microns) and in the near infrared region of the optical range (0.97-1.06 microns).

The buffer control unit 3 is made with the possibility of autonomous or joint functioning of the laser emitters 4, 5 for the software and hardware of pulse-width modulation.

Since the device is equipped with an emitter 4 of the visible wavelength range, the treatment procedure with an infrared emitter 5 is accompanied by visualization of the exposure zone with radiation with a wavelength of 0.97-1.06 microns.

In addition, since laser irradiation in the visible wavelength range itself has a therapeutic effect, the procedure, in fact, is carried out simultaneously at two wavelengths with different radiation parameters in the IR and visible ranges, which expands the technological capabilities of the method and increases the efficiency of exposure .

The radiation generated by each laser emitter 4, 5 by means of a fiber-optic converter 6 is brought together to feed through an optical connector 7 to a fiber 8, equipped at the distal end with a replaceable diffuser 9, by which radiation is delivered to the area of the affected biological section 10 of the localized tumor 11 ( figure 1).

The use of interchangeable diffuser 9 allows the device to be used in otorhinolaryngology, gastrostroenterology, reflexology, sports medicine, pulmonology, gynecology, general surgery, dentistry, orthopedics and traumatology.

To diagnose pathology and accurately determine the location of affected cells having an elevated temperature, the device uses a temperature sensor 12, which commutes with the processor 1.

The temperature sensor 12 (FIGS. 2 and 3) includes a set of high-precision fiber-optic temperature sensors 13, mounted on the ends of the optical fibers 14 (quartz with a diameter of 0.4-0.6 mm), placed in the tool tip 15, mounted on a hollow standard needle 16.

Optical fibers 14 with the possibility of longitudinal movement are installed in the channels 17 inclined to the periphery at an angle of 30 °, distributed in the tip 15.

The optical fibers 14 are connected through a processor 1 (FIG. 1) to a liquid crystal indicator 18 (display).

In the center of the needle 16 (figure 2, 3), in the through hole of the tip 15, with the possibility of relative longitudinal movement mounted endoscope 19.

The device includes a secondary power source 20 connected to the processor 1 (Fig. 1), a block 21 with a data input panel, an RS-232 programming port 22 and a control monitor 23, to which an endoscope 19 is connected through processor 1.

The device operates as follows. After turning on the power supply unit 20 from port 22, the required radiation modes and parameters are set:

- selection and adjustment of continuous and / or pulsed radiation for the hypothermia mode (intensive thermotherapy);

- selection and adjustment of continuous and / or pulsed radiation for the photo-dynamic therapy mode;

- setting parameters on the display screen 18 (selection of radiation power,

exposure time, temperature level, pulse duration, duty cycle, modulation value, number of pulses).

To measure and maintain automatically the set temperature of the area of influence on the biological tissue, as well as accurately determine the location of the tumor 11, a temperature sensor 12 is inserted through a catheter with a set of high-precision fiber-optic sensors 13, numbering at least three, which are included in the feedback loop of processor 1 , together with an endoscope 19.

According to the temperature readings of each sensor 13, the exact location of the tumor 11 of the affected area 10 of the biological tissue is detected, which is fixed on the control monitor 23.

After that, a fiber 8 with a diffuser 9 at the distal end is brought to a localized tumor 11 and a treatment session of laser radiation is carried out, monitoring the time and temperature of heating using a temperature sensor 12, which is included in the automatic control system of the operating modes of the emitters 4, 5.

The operator during the treatment session of laser therapy has the ability to control the entire process, that is, to monitor and adjust using the display 18, which displays the following characteristics: input power of the selected emitter 4, 5, the heating temperature of the affected area 10 of the biological object, the choice of the type of laser radiation .

The proposed device allows you to identify and localize with a high degree of accuracy sections of tumor tissue, to conduct intracavitary modulated laser irradiation of the affected area, while performing endoscopic monitoring, and automatically adjust the irradiation process.

All this as a whole significantly increases the effectiveness of targeted cancer therapy and reduces treatment time.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for a laser therapy specialist, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the possibility of industrial serial production of a tool for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, we can conclude eligibility criteria.

Claims (2)

1. A device for the treatment of malignant tumors, containing an optical unit associated with the processor, including two emitters that generate laser radiation in the visible range and the near infrared region of the optical range, respectively, connected through the converter connector to a fiber optic optical fiber carrying an interchangeable fiber at the distal end diffuser, temperature sensor, power supply, programming port, data input unit and display, characterized in that the temperature sensor is made in the form of coaxially distributed temperature sensors connected to the processor and mounted on the ends of the optical fibers, placed with the possibility of longitudinal movement in the channels of the hollow needle tip inclined to the periphery. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the Central channel of the tip of the hollow needle is located with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the endoscope connected through the processor to the control monitor.

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