RU2289106C2 - Portable car balancer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring technique.

SUBSTANCE: balancer comprises load measuring converter provided with the glue-based strain gauges and mounted on the weight-receiving device. The converter is made of two cassettes having two coils. The cassettes are set in the housing mounted on the rail head. The coils are alternatively represent the active and compensating arms of the measuring bridge. The cassettes with coils are set in the grooves whose sizes correspond to the cassette sizes. The grooves are made in the housing parallel to the bearing surface of the rail head at a distance that excludes the both pairs of the coils to be in the contact with the wheel simultaneously.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Portable car scales for static weighing and weighing in the movement of railway cars (including tanks), platforms and trains of them will be used in various industrial sectors where it is necessary to control the mass of cargo placed in the car, to control the static load of the car wheel on the rail or to determine the center position wagon masses.

Wagon scales - one of the most common measuring instruments in the country's railway industry. There are multi-weight systems, scales for pallet weighing of all types of cars with or without uncoupling. Car scales are equipped with a wide range of devices for displaying information, automatically processing and transmitting received information to a computer network. There is a large amount of information about car scales in the printed literature and on websites on the Internet [1, 2, 3]. General technical requirements for scales for weighing railway vehicles are set forth in the Standards of the Russian Federation, for example, GOST 29329 - 92, GOST 30414 - 96, GOST R 8.598-2003.

Most scales for static weighing of cars contain metal-consuming load-bearing devices of large weight and large dimensions. For example, with a type of scale 100 × 2TVD-5, the load-receiving device is made in the form of a platform several meters long and weighing more than a ton, freely suspended from the support blocks of the foundation. To weigh a wagon, it must be transported to a stationary scale. Car scales for weighing rolling stock consist of one or more load-receiving modules mounted in the railway bed, equipped with force-measuring strain gauges. The load-receiving module consists of a frame with rails, which is installed on a compacted crushed stone base or on a foundation between rails of a railway track. AOZT METROVES (Kiev) offers the M8300 wagon scale for wagon or body weighing with uncoupling of wagons. In the carriage scales VD-30 of Avitek-Plus LLC, the load-receiving device consists of two rails mounted in the context of the railway track. Wagon scales VD NPO "Scales" are a metal frame with strain gauges mounted on the gravel bedding of the railroad tracks under the rails. The company Pfister Wagen (Germany) offers Solar scales, containing seven steel measuring sleepers, stacked along the way along with conventional sleepers. The named scales are stationary scales. A certain feature is the method of weighing a car in patent RU No. 2110047 "Method for determining the mass of cargo in a vehicle." The mass of the cargo entering the wagon is determined by the vertical movement of the wagon's loading platform and is compared with the vertical movement of the wagon from a reference load of known mass. Repeated use of the reference load in the process of filling the wagon is required. In portable carriage scales of the VIU-1 type [CJSC METROVES], a power hydraulic lifting unit is used to lift the car until the wheel comes off the rail. The hydraulic lifting unit is attached to the rails.

According to the technical nature of the closest to the proposed invention, the authors consider the "Strain gauge rail car for weighing in the movement of trains (RTV-D)", manufactured according to the technical specifications TU 4274-008-10897043-03 (www.sibpress.ru). The balance contains a load receptor with built-in force measuring elements, a secondary converter, a software and hardware complex and connecting cables. As a load-receiving device, rail sections are used, which are mounted in the joints between the rails of the railway track and mounted on a sealed base of the track. The principle of operation of the scales is to convert the car load on the rails into an electrical signal using force measuring elements that are installed under the rails of the device, followed by its processing in the software and hardware complex. Installation and dismantling of the device requires a lot of time and money and is accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the existing railway track.

The proposed portable carriage scales allow us to determine the weight of a carriage on any rectilinear horizontal section of the railway bed at the places of loading or unloading both in statics and during its movement without violating the integrity of the railway track. The device is portable, in weight and dimensions less than that of known carriage scales designed for the same purpose. The force transducer is made in the form of two cassettes with two coils in each, and the cassettes are located at some distance from each other in a metal case. The coils alternately play the role of the active or compensation arms of the measuring electronic bridge. This arrangement of pairs of coils included in the electronic measuring bridge allows to minimize the influence of interference and increase the amount of useful information. Coils made of high resistance wire and high temperature stability. The casing is made in shape and size so as to ensure reliable mounting of the converter on the rail head. When the wheel is rolled onto one of the converter cassettes, the strain signal changes in proportion to the force with which the wheel acts on the rail. The uniform distribution of the mass of the cargo in the car and the symmetry of the design of the car carts suggest that the car weight was distributed evenly on the wheels. Any wheel of the cart acts on the rail with the same force as the other wheels of this cart. The sum of the static loads on the rail of all the track of the car in this case is additive to its weight. The horizontal force actions of the carriage couplers do not make a significant contribution to the vertically directed gravity.

The drawing shows a sketch of one of the possible options for portable car weights for measuring the weight of railway wagons by wheel. Cassettes with coils 1 are placed in the grooves of the housing 2, which is installed directly on the rail head. The fastening elements of the casing to the rail are shown at the top left (View along A). The strength of the housing to the rail can be increased by bolts at the joints of the rails. For this, holes are provided in the body of the scale.

For an unevenly loaded wagon, it is necessary and sufficient to place the scales under one of the wheels of each trolley. A more accurate way to assess the uneven loading of a car using a car electronic scale is described in patent RU No. 2210747. It will require multiple measurements of the gross weight of the wagon, followed by subtraction of the net weight of the wagon from it.

In the prototype of portable carriage weights, autonomous power supply was used. After the pre-amplifier, a voltage-frequency converter and a radio transmitter were connected to the signal diagonal of the strain gauge bridge, which eliminated wired communication when transmitting measurement information over a distance and, therefore, its influence on the measurement results.

The invention has an advantage over the well-known platform and crane scales, as it allows the car to be weighed both in static and during its movement on any straight section of the railway track, without violating its integrity. If you install the scales on opposite rails, then during the movement of the car, the summation of the signals from all its wheels is realized, which helps to reduce the error of weight measurements, including when the load is unevenly distributed in the car. The maximum load limit of portable carriage weights is 15 tons (based on the permissible static wheel load on the rail). When combining the normal from the center of the wheel with the center of the cassette of the converter, the error in determining the weight of the car is minimal (no more than ± 1%). During the movement of the car, this condition is automatically satisfied. The operating temperature range of the device is from -30 to + 40 ° C. The device can be attributed to weighing instruments of the usual class (IIII).

The main features of the invention:

the load transducer is installed directly on the rail head without violating the integrity of the railroad bed;

scales have small dimensions and weight;

portable scales can be promptly delivered directly to places of loading or unloading wagons that are not equipped with stationary platform or crane scales.

Information sources

1. Isakovich EG Scales and weight batchers. Metrological support: reference book. metrologist. - M .: Publishing house of standards. - 1991 .-- 376 p.

2. Patents RU: No. 2057302, G 01 G 19/06, 06/15/1992; No. 2039946, G 01 G 19/04 01/06/1993; No. 2071037, G 01 G 19/04, 08.24.1993; No. 2071038, G 01 G 19/04, 09/07/1993; No. 2082112, G 01 G, 19/04; No. 21110047, G 01 G 19/08, 04/27/1998; No. 2210747, G 01 G 19/04, 05/30/2001; No. 2239800, G 01 G 19/04, 12/26/2002.

3. Sites on the Internet: www.promcon.ru, 02.02.2004; www.alex-se.com, 09/25/2002; www.vyborg.ru. 02/11/2004; www.sibpress.ru, 02.19.2004; www.avitec.ru, 03/07/2004; www.nais.ru, 12/11/2004.

Claims (2)

1. Portable car scales, containing a force transducer with glue-based strain gauges installed on a load receptor, characterized in that the transducer is made in the form of two cassettes with two coils in each, which alternately play the role of active or compensation arms of the measuring electronic bridge and are placed in grooves in the housing, the size of which corresponds to the dimensions of the cassettes, and are made in the housing parallel to the supporting surface of the rail head at a distance that excludes simultaneous contact the wheels of the two pairs of coils and the housing is mounted and fixed directly on the head of the rail without breaking the railway. 2. Car scales according to claim 1, characterized in that a voltage-frequency converter is connected to the signal diagonal of the strain gauge bridge after the pre-amplifier, the output of which is connected to a radio transmitter.