RU2287005C1 - Preparation for removing snow-ice cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technology of inorganic substances.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to preparing a preparation based on inorganic substances used for removal of snow-ice cover from road pavements and can be used in municipal service. Preparation for removing snow-ice cover comprises the following components, %: potassium chloride, 20-50; calcium chloride, 20-50; sodium chloride, 1.0-20; magnesium oxide and/or metallic magnesium, 0.4-1.0; magnesium chloride, 0.5-7.0, and water, the balance. The above given ratio of components provides preparing the ecologically pure preparation as compared with the prototype without odor, with reduced number indices of effective activity of natural radionuclides, higher melting capacity and can be used at lower temperatures.

EFFECT: improved and valuable properties of preparation.

5 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the technology of inorganic substances and the preparation on their basis of a preparation for removing snow and ice cover of road surfaces and can be used in public utilities.

Anti-icing preparations based on various salt gradients are known (Karabin GL, Ratinov DB Fighting snow-ice formations on the roads with the help of chemical reagents. M: Stroyizdat, 1976, p. 35).

The known composition deicing reagent based on a solution of calcium chloride, urea and a corrosion inhibitor composition, wt.%:

CaCl ₂ 20-30 Urea 2-5 Corrosion inhibitor 0.02-0.04 Water rest

(see RF patent No. 2169751, MKI C 09 K 3/18, 06/27/2001). The advantages of this drug include its high melting ability and low corrosivity, but this drug is in a liquid state. In this regard, difficulties arise during transportation and storage in large volumes.

The disadvantages include the principle of interaction of this drug with a snow-ice cover, since it is applied in liquid form, i.e. reacts with the entire volume of snow-ice pavement, as a result of which a significant consumption of reagent is required.

Known anti-icing drug "Kama", consisting of granules with the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Kcl 45-75 NaCl 24-50 Water and inert impurities 1-5

(see RF patent No. 2044118, MKI E 01 H 10/00, 09/20/1995). The advantages of this drug include its low specific consumption. This is due to the peculiarities of the interaction of this deicing preparation with the snow-ice cover of the roadway. The granule, falling onto the ice, “burns through” the hole due to the partial dissolution of the road surface, it continues to dissolve, forming a thin film of the solution between the road surface and ice. As a result, the ice lags behind the roadway and under the influence of passing vehicles is thrown to the side of the road.

The disadvantage of this drug: the heterogeneity of the chemical composition of the granules, low melting ability (the penetration rate of the granules to the road surface and the formation of a film of the solution).

The closest analogue (see RF patent No. 1560540, MKI C 09 K 3/18, 04/30/1990) to the claimed solution is a deicing preparation, including sodium, potassium, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide or metal magnesium, in the following ratio, wt. %:

Kcl 52.5-74.5 NaCl 10.5-14.7 MgCl ₂ 7.0-9.8 MgO or metallic magnesium 1.0-4.0 Water and inert impurities rest

The disadvantage of this drug is its low melting ability, high corrosivity and a high level of activity of natural radionuclides, which limits its use on city roads and streets.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed, is to develop a composition of anti-icing preparation with improved technical indicators of melting ability, crystallization temperature, corrosion activity.

The technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the invention is to reduce the harmful effects of the composition used on the environment, vehicles and road surfaces.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the preparation for removing snow and ice, including sodium chloride, potassium, magnesium, magnesium oxide and / or metallic magnesium and water, contains calcium chloride in the following ratio, wt.%:

CaCl ₂ 20-50 Kcl 20-50 NaCl 1,0-20 MgCl ₂ 0.5-7.0 MgO and / or magnesium metal 0.4-1.0 Water rest

And also due to the fact that the preparation additionally contains at least one component from the group comprising calcium and magnesium acetate, urea, nitrite and calcium nitrate.

And also due to the fact that the drug additionally contains a corrosion inhibitor up to 5 wt.%.

Adding a corrosion inhibitor reduces the freezing point of the drug and reduces metal corrosion.

And also due to the fact that the drug is made in the form of granules with a size of 0.1-10 mm.

The granulometric composition of the preparation is determined by the size of the ice cover and the temperature regime of its use.

And also due to the fact that the preparation additionally contains an additive that reduces slippage, including at least one component from the group comprising sand, river gravel, ash, sawdust, road aggregate.

The present invention is illustrated by the description of a specific, but not limiting example of implementation.

Example.

The drug is prepared by mixing the components.

To conduct comparative tests, an anti-icing preparation of the following chemical composition was prepared, wt.%:

CaCl ₂ 35 Kcl 35 NaCl 10 MgCl ₂ 5,0 MgO and / or magnesium metal 0.7 Water rest

As a result of tests, it was found that when the composition of the anti-icing preparation contains more than 50 wt.% CaCl ₂ , the tendency to clumping of the preparation increases (friability deteriorates), which leads to a reduction in the shelf life in the open air without packaging and, as a result, the uniform distribution of the preparation on the treated surface. In addition, with an even higher content of CaCl ₂ , the effect of an adverse effect on the environment (roadside vegetation) occurs. When the content of the anti-icing preparation is less than 20 wt.% CaCl ₂ , the melting ability at low temperatures decreases, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the beneficial effect of the preparation.

The presence in the composition of KCl, which has a melting ability, somewhat inferior to the effectiveness of CaCl ₂ , contributes to the beneficial effect of the drug on the environment, as KCl is widely used as a fertilizer in agriculture.

The decrease in the content in the composition of the anti-icing preparation of less than 20 wt.% KCl leads to the inability to reduce the adverse effects of the drug on vegetation due to the presence of CaCl ₂ in the composition. An increase in the content of anti-icing preparation of more than 50 wt.% KCl leads to a decrease in melting ability and an increase in the value of the effective activity of natural radionuclides, which significantly limits the use of the drug.

Ingredients MgCl ₂ (in the ratio of 0.5-7 wt.%) And MgO (0.4-1.0 wt.%) Are used in the composition of magnesium-containing fertilizers. The change in the content of MgCl ₂ upward, i.e. more than 7 wt.%, leads to adhesion of the components of the drug due to the high hygroscopicity of MgCl ₂ , which complicates its use as an anti-icing drug.

The above ratio of components avoids the appearance of odor and reduce radioactivity, i.e. to get the product ecologically cleaner, and what is important is to use it at lower temperatures than well-known drugs.

The main technical characteristics of the prepared anti-icing preparation were compared with the characteristics of the preparation according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 1560540, MKI S 09 K 3/18, 04/30/1990. The comparison results are summarized in table.

Indicators of melting ability, crystallization temperature, amount of insoluble precipitate, corrosion activity exceed the similar properties of the closest analogue and satisfy the road requirements for anti-icing preparations. According to the value of the effective activity of natural radionuclides, the claimed preparation belongs to the II class (413 Bq / kg) and does not pose a danger in the fight against winter ice on roads and streets. Harmful effects on the environment, vehicles, pavement - reduced.

Claims (5)

1. A preparation for removing snow and ice, including sodium, potassium, magnesium chlorides, magnesium oxide and / or magnesium metal and water, characterized in that it additionally contains calcium chloride, in the following ratio, wt.%: CaCl ₂ 20-50 Kcl 20-50 NaCl 1,0-20 MgCl ₂ 0.5-7.0 MgO and / or magnesium metal 0.4-1.0 Water Rest 2. The drug according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises at least one component from the group comprising calcium and magnesium acetate, urea, nitrite and calcium nitrate. 3. The drug according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it further comprises a corrosion inhibitor up to 5 wt.%. 4. The drug according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that it is made in the form of granules with a size of 0.1-1 mm 5. The drug according to any one of paragraphs.1 and 2, characterized in that it further comprises an additive that reduces slipping, including at least one component from the group comprising sand, river gravel, ash, sawdust, road aggregate.