RU2285321C2 - Air-cooling system for encapsulated horizontal-shaft water-wheel generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical and heavy electromechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed system designed for air-cooling stator and rotor-core windings of encapsulated horizontal-shaft water-wheel generator is, essentially, axial-radial cooling circuit incorporating stator core 1 built of stacks with cooling ducts in-between. Stator frame has flanges 3, 4 and casing 5. Annular shelves 6 with ribs 7 in-between are provided in stator frame to ensure its design stiffness. Ports 8 whose flow section is enlarged in direction of air outlet toward discharge diffuser assembled of components 9, 10, 11, 12 are made in shelves 6. Rotor 13 that has rim 14, disks 15, 16 with ports 17, and bushing 18 is fitted onto shaft 19. Through ports 21 are made in flanges of intermediate ring of head portion 20 to pass hot air toward air coolers 22. Circular shell 23 and nameplate 24 are disposed in vicinity of flange 4. Reference number 23 indicates stiff annular disk and number 26 stands for pressure-blowing unit. Poles 27 are installed on external diameter of rotor and cooling ports 28 are provided in circular rim between them.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of air-cooling system.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of large-scale electrical engineering, specifically to horizontal capsular hydrogenerators with air cooling of the elements of their core - stator and rotor windings, cores.

A known system of air cooling of a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator [1], formed by the stator housing and the stator and rotor elements, in which the stator housing is made with “blind” shelves, and therefore, there is no air circulation behind the core and the core body is not cooled. Such a ventilation scheme to remove heat from the heated stator core causes a power limitation, which is due to the fact that the air generator cooling system of the hydrogenerator is formed by its structural elements in a closed cycle.

The closed-loop hydrogenerator air cooling system also has hydrogenerators, in which the air-cooling system consists of air coolers, cold and hot air chambers, air separating shields and fan blades located on the rotor. The designs of such generators are given in the sources [2, 3].

Also known is an air cooling system for a capsular hydrogenerator, comprising an axial radial path formed by capsule sheathing, structural elements of the stator housing, including sheathing, flanges, shields, annular shelves with ribs between them, forming a diffuser, core, including steel packets with grooves, with a winding laid in them, fixed by wedges and spacers, a rotor including an annular rim, disks with windows, bushings, a shaft, a skeleton with poles, a hard ring disk, an intermediate ring m, annular shroud, and the discharge vent flap unit [4].

In contrast to the known devices [1-3], in this device, by means of structural elements of the stator, a discharge diffuser is formed. The formation of a diffuser improves the cooling efficiency. However, the formation of a diffuser at the level of the outer diameter of the rotor core allows using the pressure head centrifugal effect of cooling the poles only to the inner diameter of the core, but excludes the access of cooling air to the poles and stator winding. In addition, to provide air to the structural elements of the hydrogenerator during installation and assembly work and revisions during operation in known devices, an overpressure exceeding 2000 Pa must be provided. Known designs of air cooling systems due to their structural design do not satisfy this requirement.

The objective of the proposed solution is to increase the efficiency of air cooling of a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the air cooling system of a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator containing an axial radial ventilation path formed by the capsule sheathing, structural elements of the core, including steel packs with the formation of grooves with a laid winding and secured by wedges and spacers, the stator housing, including flanges, casing, annular shelves with ribs between them, forming a discharge diffuser, structural elements of the rotor, including the rim, disks, bushings, in l, a skeleton with poles, a hard annular disk, an intermediate ring, an annular shell, a shield and a pressure-ventilating unit, the outlet diffuser is made at the level of the outer diameter of the rotor core, and through holes are made in the shelves of the stator housing with increasing passage section towards the outlet diffuser , the end of which is mounted on the upper shelf of the housing, between the winding heads and the inner edges of the through holes, in the counter flanges of which through holes are made in the axial direction and, in the intervals between the poles in the annular rim of the rotor core are provided with holes in a radial direction, wheels are provided with windows, and the annular shroud, an annular disc plate and mounted outside the rotor end face and the annular flanges have stepped sectional shape.

New in solving this problem is that in the air cooling system of a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator, a group system of holes in the shelves of the stator housing is made, and in the spaces between the poles in the annular rim of the rotor core in combination with exhaust holes in the counter flanges of the ventilation duct, the disks are equipped with windows, and the annular shell, flap, and annular disk are installed outside the end of the rotor and the annular shelves have a step-shaped cross section with the discharge diffuser at the level e the outer diameter of the core of the rotor.

From the prior art, a combination of new features has not been identified, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the patentability condition "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator; figure 2 is a fragment of the core of the rotor.

The air cooling system of the horizontal capsular hydrogenerator is an axial radial ventilation duct, the elements of which are the stator core 1, assembled from packages with ventilation ducts 2 between them. The stator housing consists of flanges 3, 4 and sheathing 5, to ensure design stiffness, annular shelves 6 with ribs 7 between them are provided in the stator housing. In the shelves 6, holes 8 are made with an increasing cross-section in the direction of the air outlet in the direction of the exhaust diffuser, formed by the shelves of the stator housing 9, 10, 11, 12. The frame of the stator 13 consists of a rim 14, disks 15, 16 with windows 17 and a sleeve 18 and seated on the shaft 19. In the flanges of the intermediate ring of the head part 20, through holes 21 are made for the passage of hot air towards the air coolers 22. In the area of the flange 4 there is an annular shell 23 and a shield 24. The position 25 indicates a hard ring disk, the position 26 - pressure-ventilationunit. On the outer diameter of the rotor core, poles 27 are installed, in the spaces between which ventilation holes 28 are provided (FIG. 2). Air circulation for cooling the active parts is as follows. During operation of the pressure-ventilation unit 26, hot air enters the coolers 22 (indicated by arrows) and cooled in coolers 22 under the influence of the pressure-ventilation unit 26 is supplied to the rotor and stator. Through the hole 17, cold air enters the group of holes 28 for cooling the rotor winding. Since the rotating rotor with poles is a centrifugal fan with the effect of self-ventilation, it facilitates the flow of cooling air towards the core and stator winding 1. Having passed through the opening 28 and ventilation channels of the stator 2, heated air through the hole 8 enters the exhaust circuit of the ventilation duct, formed by diffuser elements. The circulation of air inside the generator is carried out as the unit 26 and the rotation of the rotor. The shell 23, the shield 24 and the annular disk 25 reduce air recirculation in the area of the lower flange 4 and allow you to create a closed volume outside the right end of the rotor.

The proposed design of the axial-radial cooling system of the capsular hydrogenerator due to the fact that through-holes are made in the shelves of the stator housing with increasing towards the outlet diffuser, the end of which is mounted on the upper shelf of the housing, forming, together with the capsule casing, an exhaust circuit of the ventilation duct in the opposite flanges of the duct through holes are made, organizing axial cooling, in the spaces between the poles in the core of the rotor holes are made, which are an element of the radial the cooling circuit provides effective ventilation of the active parts during operation and does not require the creation of excess pressure of more than 2000 Pa while providing access to the structural elements of the generator for installation and assembly work and revisions during operation, as through holes with an increasing passage section in the direction of the outlet diffuser reduces the air flow rate and, accordingly, the increase in pressure outside the end of the rotor.

When implementing the claimed invention does not require the use of new technologies and the implementation of significant upgrades, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the patentability condition "industrial applicability".

Information sources

1. Polushkin K.P. Installation of hydrogenerators. L. Energy, 1971, p.401.

2. Bernstein LB Tidal power in modern energy. - M. - L. Gosenergoizdat, 1961, p. 100; p.106.

3. Goncharov A.N. Hydropower equipment of hydropower plants and its installation. M. Energy, 1978, p.40; 284 ¹ .

4. French patent, No. 1363713.

Claims (1)

An air cooling system for a horizontal capsular hydrogenerator comprising an axial radial ventilation path formed by capsule sheathing, structural elements of the stator housing, including sheathing, flanges, shields, annular shelves with ribs between them, forming a diffuser core, including steel packets with grooves forming grooves with winding laid in them, fixed by wedges and spacers, rotor, including an annular rim, disks, bushings, shaft, skeleton with poles, a hard ring disk, intermediate a different ring, an annular shell, a shield and a pressure ventilating unit, characterized in that the outlet diffuser is formed at the level of the outer diameter of the rotor core, and through holes are made in the shelves of the stator housing with an increasing bore in the direction of the outlet diffuser, the end of which is mounted on the upper shelf cases between the winding heads and the inner edges of the through holes, in the counter flanges of which through holes are made in the axial direction, in the spaces between the poles of the radial holes are made in the rotor, the disks are provided with windows, an annular shell, a shield and a hard annular disk are installed to form a closed volume outside the end of the rotor, the annular shelves have a step-shaped cross section.

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