RU2182088C1 - Radio channel alarm system for centralized protection of vehicles, real estate, people and animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: alarm systems for movable objects and buildings. SUBSTANCE: according to proposed invention, special security detectors are installed on protected vehicles, stationary objects, people and animals. Detector units are coupled with terminals provided with transmitting antennas. Owners of vehicles and real estate and people under protection have personal receivers with antennas. Information acouision and processing center has control panel with antenna, unit of processing and displaying of cartographic and semantic information, printer with adapter and centralized surveyance panel. Said panel has information input adapter strip and information processor. Radio channel is made in form of data transmission microcellular network with base stations and repeaters implemented with possibility of reception of coded massages from terminals, their selection and retransmission to nearest base station or repeater. Surveyance panel is made with possibility of automatic control of serviceability of radio channel by tracking arriving messages. EFFECT: reduced cost of subscriber's equipment, improved reliability of its operation. 6 cl, 23 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to alarm systems and can be used for centralized integrated radio protection of vehicles, real estate (residential premises, offices, garages, etc.), people and animals.

 Known alarm systems containing a central monitoring station (monitoring station) point (control panel) and sensors (security detectors) installed at the monitoring objects connected through object terminal devices and communication channels with the monitoring station.

 When installed on moving objects, such as cars, a satellite navigation receiver (GPS receiver) can be introduced into the object equipment to determine the current coordinates of the object. The output of the GPS receiver is connected to the input of the object terminal device to transmit information about the current location of the object over the air to the monitoring station (US 5650 770 from 07.22.1997, G 08 V 25/10).

 The disadvantages of such systems are the complexity, high cost and low reliability of the equipment installed on vehicles, as well as the impossibility due to weight and size limitations of its installation on such moving objects as "human" or "animal". This is a consequence of the need to use a high radiation power for communication of protected objects with the monitoring station at a sufficiently large (more than several kilometers) distance from the central security point.

 In addition, high-power radiation interferes with radio-electronic means (RES) operating in the system coverage area, which limits the possibilities of practical application of such systems.

 To the greatest extent, these restrictions apply to vehicle alarm systems (STVS).

 So, according to the UNECE Rules 97, enforced by State Standard GOST R 41.97-99 from January 1, 2000, a vehicle alarm system that provides the ability to transmit a radio signal, for example, to enable or disable an alarm or to transmit an alarm, must operate with a radiation power of no higher than 25 mW, which corresponds to a range of STSTS not more than 0.5-1 km.

 In accordance with the Decision of the State Commission for Radio Frequencies (SCRF) under the Ministry of Communications of Russia dated 02.04.2001 (protocol 7/5), the maximum radiation power of the STTSS, which does not require special permits for the purchase and use of this tool in the State communications supervision bodies, should not exceed 5 mW, which corresponds to the range of the STTSS no more than 50-100 m. Obviously, with such a distance, centralized protection of vehicles becomes impossible.

 As a prototype of the invention, the well-known ROSA burglar alarm system is described, described in patent RU 2069055 of 05.20.96, G 08 C 13/00. The specified system contains a personal receiver, as well as a set of security sensors (detectors) installed on stationary and / or on moving objects, a security device in the form of a code lock, a central control center containing a computer with an input adapter board and a remote control terminal in the form of a standard radio station, associated with the radio transmitter of the notification system, which includes a power supply and a series-connected control unit of the operating modes of the transmitter, the encoder timer, the device signal, a power amplifier and a harmonic filter, the output of which is connected to the antenna, while the output of the security sensor unit is connected to the input of the code lock, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit of the operating modes of the transmitter, the other input of which is connected to the second output of the encoder timer.

 One of the main disadvantages of the prototype, as well as other well-known analogues, is the high cost of object equipment (as a rule, it is not less than several hundred US dollars), which is associated with the high radiation power necessary to ensure reliable communication of geographically distributed guarded objects with a central control center . In addition, the prototype is inherent and other disadvantages associated with the unified nature of the equipment installed on stationary and moving objects. Since the climatic conditions of application and the requirements for the mechanical strength of automotive electronics products are usually higher than for stationary products, such a technical solution significantly reduces the reliability of the object equipment and the system as a whole. In addition, it becomes practically impossible to use such devices as portable signaling devices for objects of the "human" or "animal" type (primarily, due to the large size and lack of necessary power sources).

 These disadvantages are eliminated in the claimed invention. The task to which the invention is directed is to reduce the cost of subscriber equipment and increase the reliability of its operation on moving objects of the "car" type. In addition, the technical result that can be obtained by carrying out the claimed invention is to enable the radio protection of such moving objects as “human” or “animal”, without compromising the effectiveness of the centralized radio protection as a whole.

 The problem is solved by the fact that in the well-known radio-channel alarm system for centralized protection of motor vehicles, real estate, people and animals, containing blocks of stationary security detectors installed on protected real estate objects connected through buffer devices with stationary object terminals having stationary antennas for communication by radio, installed on motor vehicles blocks of transportable security detectors associated with the transported projected terminal devices having portable antennas for radio communication, and portable objects terminal devices with built-in antennas for radio communication that are in the possession of protected people and animals, owners of motor vehicles and real estate have personal receivers of owners with built-in antennas of personal receivers for receiving messages via radio broadcasting center, an information collection and processing center having a remote terminal device with an antenna of the remote terminal device for communication via the radio ether and the central monitoring console, which includes information input adapter board connected to each other and connected to the remote terminal device, and an information processing processor, while the radio communication is made in the form of a microcellular data network with base stations and repeaters made with the ability to receive code messages from portable, stationary and portable object terminal devices, select and relay these messages to the nearest base station or relay a torus, and the processing and display unit of cartographic and semantic information and a printer with a printer adapter, the input of which is connected to an information processing processor configured to connect to the processing and display unit of cartographic and semantic information and with the possibility of output, are additionally introduced into the information collection and processing center information to the printer adapter, while the central monitoring console is configured to automatically monitor the health of the radio channel through Incoming ezhivaniya periodic notifications from each stationary, site-transportable and portable terminal devices.

 In this case, the microcellular data transmission network can be configured to transmit alarms from portable, stationary and portable object terminals sequentially along radial chains of repeaters to a single base station connected to a data collection and processing center with a dedicated communication channel, and also with the possibility of transmitting to in the opposite direction along the indicated radial chains from the base station of the telecontrol signals of transponders and object terminal devices.

 A microcellular data transmission network can also be configured to receive alarms from portable, stationary and portable object terminals with one or more relays and transmit these alarms to the nearest base station with subsequent transmission of these signals from several base stations to a data collection and processing center and transmission in the opposite direction on the indicated dedicated communication channels from the center for collecting and processing information of telecontrol signals of base stations, as well as cottages from base stations located in their areas of action telecommand signal repeaters these repeaters and remote control signals of object endpoints (variant cellular circuits of the data collection and transmission network).

 Dedicated communication channels can be made with the possibility of connecting them to the public telephone network, to the INTERNET, or with the ability to transmit information over the air.

 Figure 1 presents the structural diagram of the proposed radio channel alarm system for centralized protection of vehicles, real estate, people and animals.

 In FIG. 2 shows a variant of the radial scheme for constructing a microcellular data network.

 Figure 3 presents a variant of a cellular circuit for constructing a microcellular data acquisition and transmission network.

In figure 1, the following notation is used:
1 - block stationary security detectors; 2 - buffer device; 3 - stationary object terminal device; 4 - stationary antenna; 5 - block transportable security detectors; 6 - portable object terminal device; 7 - transportable antenna; 8 - wearable object terminal device; 9 - built-in antenna; 10 - microcellular data network; 11 - information collection and processing center; 12 - remote terminal device; 13 - antenna remote control terminal device; 14 - board adapter input information; 15 - information processing processor; 16 - remote monitoring; 17 - block processing and display of cartographic and semantic information; 18 - printer adapter; 19 - printer; 20 - personal receiver of the owner; 21 - built-in antenna of a personal receiver.

 All designations in Fig. 1 are brought into accordance with the terms and their definitions used in the current standard GOST 26342-84 "Means of security, fire and security-fire alarms".

 So, the sensors that are part of blocks 1 and 5, which are technical means of security alarms for detecting intrusions, are referred to as security detectors according to the above standard.

 Object (fixed, portable and wearable) terminal devices 3, 6 and 8, respectively, are components of a notification transmission system (STI) installed on guarded objects for receiving notifications from security detector units 1 and 5, respectively, of signal conversion and transmission them through communication channels, and also (if there is a return channel) for receiving telecontrol commands (in the prototype, the role of the object terminal device is played by the "transmitter").

 The centralized monitoring console (CMS) 16 is a set of technical equipment installed in the centralized monitoring station for receiving alarm information from the remote terminal 12.

 Block 1 of stationary security detectors at each stationary guarded object ("apartment", "garage", etc.) is connected through a buffer device 2 to a stationary terminal device 3, which has access to the radio via a stationary antenna 4.

 Block 1 includes a group of sensors of unauthorized access to a protected object. So, in the ROSA alarm system, up to 8 independent loops are used. In the "RIF STRING RS-200" system, serially produced by the applicant company, there are up to 4 security alarm loops (NORM or ALARM separately and independently for each loop). Accordingly, the stationary object terminal device 3 (transmitter) has four alarm inputs of a fixed purpose (DOOR, PERIMETER, FIRE, ALARM BUTTON), as well as an ARMED / DISARMED input.

 In case of an alarm, the RS-200T transmitter generates notifications about the state of the object and transmits them through the stationary antenna 4.

Block 5 transportable security detectors installed on a movable object of the type "car" is connected to the transportable terminal device 6, which goes into the radio via transportable antenna 7. As the terminal device 6 in the claimed invention uses a small-sized, low-power transmitter with a built-in antenna from the car radio pager " RIF PAGE RP-100/101 "with a variable (software) format of the emitted signal. The specified terminal device, also commercially available by the applicant company, has three security zones, a six-wire transmitter loop with four-wire control (for model RP-101). It allows you to send messages about the alarm and violated security zone. When transmitting alarm messages, an FM signal with an authorized frequency of 433.92 MHz ± 0.2% for civilian use and frequency quartz stabilization is used. The operating temperature range of the transmitter is from minus 40 to plus 85 ^o C, which allows you to use it in almost any weather conditions characteristic of most of the territory of Russia. The product is certified for compliance with the requirements of the state standard GOST R 41.97-99 in relation to the international rules for the approval of STTSS. The product includes a small programmable receiver controlled with a single button, which allows you to receive telecontrol signals from the center 11 for collecting and processing information. The range of the terminal device 6 in the application of the product RP-100/101 is up to 2000 m

 As a portable terminal device 8 with a built-in antenna 9, the system uses a small-sized "alarm radio button" of the "RIF RING-701" family, commercially available by the applicant company. All products of this class, as well as the aforementioned products for stationary objects ("RIF STRING RS-200") and vehicles ("RIF PAGE RP-100/101"), operate at an authorized operating frequency of 433.92 MHz ± 0.2 %, they emit a signal with frequency modulation and quartz frequency stabilization, have a narrow-band noise-resistant receiving radio path, a wide range of operating temperatures and are compatible with each other.

 The range of wearable terminal devices of this class is in direct visibility from 400 to 1500 m.

 As SPI in the claimed invention uses one of the most modern data transmission networks - microcellular network 10 information transfer. Depending on the local conditions (the size of the served territory, the presence of high-rise buildings, etc.), various options for the construction of a microcellular network 10 can be used. The format of the data transmitted by object terminals 3, 6 and 8 when working in a microcellular network 10 is programmed and does not require structural changes in these devices.

 Microcellular network 10 is formed by placing at different points in the served territory of the relay (P) and base stations (BS). Their number depends on the size of the served area. In particular, to fully cover the territory of such a large city as Moscow, using the above-mentioned stationary, portable and portable terminal devices, it is required to install about 500 repeaters and 5 BS. In a city of Ryazan scale, 6–10 repeaters and one BS are enough.

 The system’s repeaters are designed to receive code messages from the terminal devices 3, 6 and 8 of protected objects, select them according to the “friend or foe” principle and relay them to the nearest BS or a nearby repeater.

 The information collection and processing center 11 comprises a remote control terminal device 12 with an antenna 13 of the remote control terminal device and a central monitoring console (CMS) 16, which (as in the prototype) includes a series-connected card of the data input adapter 14 and an information processing processor 15, which is processing and displaying the received information in the form of text messages.

 As the monitoring station 16, the RIF STRING RS-200P monitoring station, which is commercially available by the applicant enterprise, is used, which is intended for use in centralized radio security systems of various objects (trade pavilions, warehouses, garages, summer residences, etc.). The monitoring station has a digital processor, a text liquid crystal display (LCD) for 2 lines of 16 characters each, a relay for controlling various external alarm devices (siren, dialer, etc.), a standard output for connecting various expansion modules (additional information processing and display units, printer, etc.).

 For stationary transmitters "RIF STRING RS-200T", the monitoring station 16 automatically monitors the serviceability of the communication channel by monitoring the periodic receipt of notifications. This allows you to detect malfunctions in the system, as well as the appearance of powerful interference at the operating frequency. At the same time, in any combination, information can be received and processed from stationary, transportable and wearable terminal devices of the RIF STRING RS-200 family (see above).

 The monitoring station 16 receives notifications and displays the object number and type, the general status of the object (Taken under protection or DISARMED, NORMAL, or ALARM), the type of alarm depending on the broken loops and the type of transmitter (for example, for RS-200T - DOOR, PERIMETER, FIRE, SECURITY CALL). For different types of object terminals, different messages are displayed on the LCD.

 All events are recorded in an electronic protocol in the non-volatile memory of the monitoring station 16 and can subsequently be viewed and / or printed. An event is understood as a change in the state of an object (alarms, arming and disarming, malfunctions of transmitters), as well as some actions of the monitoring station 16 operators.

 The information processing unit 15 of the monitoring station 16 via standard outputs (for example, RS-232) is connected to the block 17 for processing and displaying cartographic and semantic information and sequentially through the adapter 18 of the printer 19. Thanks to the connection of these blocks, the functionality of the monitoring station 16 to provide integrated radio protection for mobile (cars, people, animals) and stationary (residential premises, offices, garages, etc.) objects, in particular, the current location of moving objects can be linked (for example ep, stolen vehicles or lost animals) to the digital map, contained in block 17, and providing a hard copy using a printer 19, trajectories of moving objects, electronic minutes, printing of historical data and others.

 The combination of the above functionality allows you to classify the set of interconnected blocks 12, 14, 15, 17, 18 and 19 in a new quality - as a center 11 for collecting and processing information.

 A key link in the system is the microcellular data network 10. Two possible variants of the microcell network 10 construction scheme are shown in FIG. 2 and 3. Common signs of various options for building a microcellular network 10 is the presence in it of at least one BS and several relays (P).

 In the embodiment of the radial network construction scheme shown in FIG. 2, alarming information from stationary and mobile (cars, people) security objects is transmitted to the center 11 for collecting and processing information on radial chains, each of which consists of one or more repeaters P and one base station BS connected via a dedicated communication channel to the center 11 collection and processing of information. Repeaters P are assigned so-called levels. The highest level is BS. The farther the repeater is located from the BS, the lower its level. Relaying occurs from bottom to top.

 Relay location points are selected so that, on the one hand, to ensure reliable reception of signals from each object terminal device by at least one relay, and, on the other hand, to guarantee the passage of information along the relay chain to the base station. The radius of the reception zone of a typical NEVOD repeater manufactured by the applicant enterprise when installing it on the roof of a high-rise building and using the RS-200T standard transmitter, also produced by the applicant enterprise, is about 5 km, the communication range of the relay of adjacent levels in the case of their direct visibility antennas - more than 10 km.

 In the embodiment of the cellular scheme for constructing the microcellular network 10 shown in Fig. 3, around each BS connected to the data collection and processing center 11 with a dedicated communication channel, several relays are placed, forming signal reception zones from object terminals overlapping with each other.

 The alarm signal emitted by stationary 3, carried 6 or wearable 8 object terminal devices, contain identification codes of protected objects. This signal can be received by several repeaters and re-emitted to the nearest BS. Upon re-emission, the location code of this repeater is mixed into the signal.

 The claimed radio alarm system for centralized protection of vehicles, real estate, people and animals works as follows.

 In case of unauthorized exposure to a guarded stationary object, fire or other emergency, one or more sensors in the block 1 of stationary security detectors are triggered at the object. The alarm signal through the buffer device 2 enters the stationary object terminal device 3 and is transmitted through the stationary antenna 4.

 Similarly, the alarm signal generated by the unit 5 of the transportable security detectors during attempts to steal, penetrate or steal the car, enters the transportable object terminal device 6 and is transmitted through the transportable antenna 7.

 The wearable object terminal device 8 with a built-in antenna 9 emits an alarm either when the panic button is pressed (when used by a person) or at predetermined time intervals (for example, when a child or animal is installed on the body).

 In any of these cases, an alarm signal emitted from the guarded object is received by one or several nearest repeaters of the microcellular data network 10 and transmitted from it to a higher level repeater in the embodiment of the radial network construction scheme (Fig. 2) or to the nearest base station in the cellular version network building schemes (figure 3).

 From the base station, a signal containing an alarm message in the format of the microcellular network 10 is transmitted to the antenna of the remote terminal device 12 of the information collection and processing center 11. A repeater of the corresponding level tries to transmit information to a repeater of a higher level or to a base station until it receives a special confirmation signal. Thus, if the signal from the object terminal devices 3, 6 or 8 of the protected objects reaches any relay, then this signal is guaranteed to go to the center 11 for collecting and processing information even in the presence of interference that suppresses individual relay signals.

 In case of unauthorized exposure to the car, the alarm signal is simultaneously transmitted to the center 11 either directly or through the repeater to the personal receiver 20 of the owner of this vehicle to notify him of the event.

 In the center 11, the signal received by the remote terminal 12 is transmitted to the monitoring station 16 to the information input adapter board 14.

 The monitoring station 16 operates in standby mode or in alarm mode.

 In standby mode, in the absence of alarms, the monitoring station 16 displays the current date, time, general status (NORMAL) and the control mode (MANUAL, AUTOMATIC or COMPUTER).

 If an alarm notification is received from an object terminal device of any type (stationary, portable, wearable), the monitoring station 16 enters the ALARM state. The LCD displays the number, type of protected object and type of alarm. In particular, for the RIF STRING RS-200T family of transmitters in the RIF STRING RS-200P monitoring center, special icons can display alarms for various loops, malfunction of external or autonomous power sources, and loss of communication channels.

 Stationary RS-200T transmitters and automobile transmitters of the RP-100/101 family can send not only alarm messages but also PLL and REMOVE messages that do not require operator response.

 Upon receipt of an alarm message from a wearable object terminal device of the type of "radio button", for example, from a wearable transmitter of the RR-701 / TM family, located, for example, in the pocket of the vehicle owner, the corresponding alarm is triggered. If there are no more notifications from this button, then a few minutes after the first alarm, the monitoring station switches to the NORMAL state.

 The control of the communication channel for the radio button is not performed.

 When monitoring the status and location of moving objects, information from them is transmitted via a standard computer output (RS-232) to a block 17 for processing and displaying cartographic and semantic information, and then through the adapter 18 of the printer is sent to the printer 19.

 In block 17, this information is processed and displayed in accordance with the GIS technology. The specified technology can be implemented in block 17 using one of the software products sold on the commercial market.

 In particular, the commercial Maplnfo software product or its modifications can be used. The selection of a particular GIS is not essential for the present invention. In any case, the processing result will be a visual multilayer representation of the marks of objects on the monitor screen against the background of a map of the served area, accompanied by identifying reference and service text information (for example, color, state number and make of the car, its geographical coordinates, owner information, etc. .P.).

 The printer 19 displays information about the protected objects and the state of the system, necessary for documentation and storage in paper form.

 In an embodiment of a cellular scheme for constructing a microcellular data network 10 (FIG. 3), processor 17 may implement algorithms for joint processing of data on the location of a moving object coming simultaneously from several repeaters. The error in determining the location of the object can be significantly reduced in this case by reducing the region of uncertainty in the location of the object, defined as the region of intersection of several circles (shown in FIG. 3) that describe the coverage areas of the repeaters. The algorithms used to determine the location of an object in cellular networks are well known from the reference literature (for example, Ratinsky MV, Fundamentals of Cellular Communications, M., Radio and Communications, 2000).

 Dedicated communication channels used to transfer data from the BS to the information collection and processing center 11 can be configured to connect to a public telephone network, to INTERNET, or to transmit information over the air. The choice of a specific option for connecting the BS with the center 11 is determined by the specifics of the territory on which the deployment of the network of repeaters and the operation of the system in question are planned.

In any of these options, the construction of a microcellular data transmission network 10 makes it possible, all other things being equal, to reduce the power of signals emitted from objects and due to this:
1. To apply on board guarded vehicles a mass-produced specialized low-power radio equipment adapted to the specific conditions of work on the car (a wide range of operating temperatures, shaking, vibration, the absence of an external power supply network, etc.) and not interfering with the operation of other electronic equipment;
2. To use for the protection of people and animals also commercially available wearable radio channel detectors ("radio buttons") compatible with other elements of the radio security system.

 The addition of the monitoring station 16 with a block 17 for processing and displaying cartographic and semantic information and a printer adapter 18 with a printer 19 makes it possible to realize in practice the advantages offered by the combined use of the above-mentioned specialized object devices in terms of solving the ultimate problem - ensuring effective comprehensive protection of motor vehicles and real estate , people and animals.

 The possibility of practical implementation of the invention is not in doubt, since almost all elements of the claimed system are mass-produced and available on the commercial market, most of which are produced by the applicant company itself.

 The combination of the above elements into a single system gives rise to qualitatively new properties of the specified system in comparison with the prototype, allowing to classify the claimed technical solution as an invention.

Claims (6)

 1. A radio-channel alarm system for the centralized protection of motor vehicles, real estate, people and animals, containing fixed security detectors installed on protected real estate units connected through buffer devices to stationary object terminal devices having stationary antennas for radio communication installed on motor vehicles means blocks of transportable security detectors associated with transportable object terminal devices having radio antennas, and wearable object terminals with protected people and animals with built-in radio antennas, owners of vehicles and real estate owners' personal receivers with integrated personal antennas for receiving radio messages, collection center and an information processing unit having a remote terminal device with an antenna of a remote terminal device for radio communication and a central monitoring console , which includes information input adapter board connected to each other, connected to the handheld terminal device, and an information processing processor, characterized in that the radio communication is made in the form of a microcellular data network with base stations and repeaters configured to receive code messages from transportable, stationary and wearable object terminal devices, selection and relay of these messages to the nearest base station or relay, and to the center for collecting and processing inf In addition, a unit for processing and displaying cartographic and semantic information and a printer with a printer adapter, the input of which is connected to an information processing processor configured to connect to a unit for processing and displaying cartographic and semantic information and with the possibility of outputting information to the printer adapter, are added; centralized monitoring is configured to automatically monitor the health of the radio channel by tracking periodic Notification from each stationary, transportable and portable object terminal devices.  2. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the microcellular data network is configured to transmit alarms from portable, stationary and portable object terminals sequentially along radial chains of repeaters to a single base station associated with a dedicated channel for collecting and processing information communication, as well as with the possibility of transmitting in the opposite direction on the indicated radial chains from the base station of the telecontrol signals of repeaters and object terminal devices.  3. The system according to p. 1, characterized in that the microcellular data network is configured to receive alarms from portable, stationary and portable object terminals with one or more relays and transmit these alarms to the nearest base station with subsequent transmission of these signals with several base stations to the center for collecting and processing information and transmitting in the opposite direction through the indicated dedicated communication channels from the center for collecting and processing information of telecontrol signals with stations, as well as transmissions from base stations to the transponders of the telecontrol signals of these transponders and telecontrol signals of object terminal devices located in their coverage areas.  4. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the dedicated communication channels are configured to connect to a public telephone network.  5. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the dedicated communication channels are configured to connect to the Internet.  6. The system according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the dedicated communication channels are configured to transmit information over the air.

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