RU213727U1 - Autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wires of power lines with wireless data transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of remote control (monitoring) of wires of overhead power lines (OHL) and can be used to provide continuous and remote control, receipt and transmission of data on the state of OHL to an information collection point (for example, a control room). Autonomous non-invasive controller contains a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside of which a Hall sensor is placed at a distance specified from the wire, electrically connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is connected to the data transmission unit and to the data storage unit. The controller is equipped with a power element configured to provide power to the said components included in the controller through the power distribution and management system. The microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor into digital, pack the received data into wireless data transmission protocols and information storage systems. The use of the utility model makes it possible to increase the reliability and performance of the controller and the system, and also makes it possible to increase the operating time of the high-voltage controller.

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the field of remote control (monitoring) of wires of overhead power lines (OHL) and can be used to provide continuous and remote control, receipt and transmission of data on the state of OHL to an information collection point (for example, a control room).

State of the art

At the moment, power supply control is carried out either at the expense of information from consumers (a call, an appeal to the dispatcher), or through the installation at substations of a “current transformer” TT, “voltage transformer” TK, which transmit information by wire to the dispatcher console or through electronic devices to computer programs. The installation of a CT or TC requires mandatory power off, changes to the electrical installation circuit, laboratory checks for the absence of a short circuit, laying of a data transmission wire, additional overall and weight restrictions.

From the prior art, an intelligent system for monitoring power lines is known, consisting of at least one controller placed on the wire and equipment for processing data received from at least one controller. The controller, placed on the wire of the overhead power line, consists of a toroidal split coil, in which the Hall sensor is placed in the gap of the toroidal magnetically conductive material. Data is transmitted to a stand-alone unit located within a radius of 15 meters via ultrashort waves. Subsequently, a separately located unit sends data via cellular or satellite communications. https://www.gegridsolutions.com/multilin/catalog/fmc.htm Also known from the prior art is an intelligent monitoring system for power lines, consisting of at least one controller placed on the wire and data processing equipment obtained from at least one controller. Information is taken from the wire of the overhead power line by at least one controller, consisting of a toroidal split coil and placed in the gap of the toroidal magnetically conductive material of the Hall sensor. Data transmission is carried out by means of GSM communication. https://www.sentient-energy.com/products/mm3-intelligent-sensor

From the prior art, a device for remote monitoring of the state is known (RU 2521778 C1, publ. 10.07.2014). The known device relates to remote control (monitoring) of electric power facilities and is designed to receive and transmit data to the terminal of the serviced substation or the control center of the power system, allowing to assess the state of the controlled element of the overhead power line (OL) and give a short-term forecast of its changes. The known device consists of a housing that is also installed on the controlled element of the overhead line, which houses an autonomous power source and a control unit, to which a measuring unit and a wireless transceiver are connected. The unit is configured to bind measurement results to precise time stamps, transmit data and receive control commands via a transceiver, and the unit is equipped with a current sensor based on the Hall effect and a temperature sensor of the controlled element and at least one meter from the group: inclinometer, three-position accelerometer with G-sensor function, anemometer oriented across the overhead line. The unit is equipped with an autonomous chronometer and/or a receiver of accurate time signals from a satellite navigation system, an ultrasonic or laser rangefinder oriented in the direction of the earth, and an air temperature sensor. The device is equipped with an autonomous video recorder, a solar battery for recharging the source.

Also known from the prior art is a device for remote monitoring of the state of an overhead power line wire (RU 2222858 C1, publ. 27.01.2004). The device comprises a housing provided with a means of fastening on a power line wire, and a power supply unit and a measuring-transmitting module placed in the housing. The embodiments of the invention provide for the introduction into the measuring and transmitting module of a means for interfacing with a public cellular telephony channel and/or a receiver of global positioning system signals with a determinant of its position in a three-dimensional coordinate system. The measuring and transmitting module can be made in the form of a control unit, a unit for receiving and converting wire state signals, a unit for preliminary processing of the received information, data accumulation and storage, a unit for communication and data transmission. In this case, the means of interfacing with the cellular telephony channel and the receiver of the global positioning system signals are included in the communication and data transmission unit and the unit for receiving and converting wire state signals, respectively.

The closest analogue of the claimed technical solution is a method and system for diagnosing and remote monitoring of the railway contact network (RU 2444449, publ. 10.03.2012). In a well-known technical solution, information is collected about the state of the elements of the contact network, the transmission of the collected information and a subsequent assessment of the technical condition of the elements of the contact network is carried out. The collection and transmission of information about the state of the elements of the contact network is carried out by means of blocks for collecting and transmitting information SDUM, permanently placed along the contact network along its entire length, while acoustic and vibration characteristics, characteristics of changes in the magnetic field, the temperature of the elements of the contact are continuously recorded by means of sensors located in the blocks. network, the measured values are transmitted via a radio communication channel to intermediate information concentrators located at nodal stations along the entire length of the contact network, which provide the collection and analysis of information from the sensors of the units with subsequent transmission of data to a single concentrator of information on the state of the elements of the railway contact network. The system for diagnostics and remote monitoring of the railway contact network includes consoles placed on the anchor supports of the contact network, a carrier cable, strings, a contact wire, load-compensating devices for the carrier cable and contact wire and contains sensors for the technical condition parameters of the elements of the contact network, moreover, in sections of the carrier cable and contact wire wires located directly behind the rollers of blocks of load-compensating devices and / or above the garlands of loads of load-compensating devices, which are placed on the anchor supports of the contact network, blocks for collecting and transmitting information are permanently fixed along the entire length of the contact network, while each block for collecting and transmitting information contains a set of sensors parameters of the technical condition of the elements of the contact network, including sensors for vibroacoustics and vibration diagnostics of the elements of the contact network, a magnetic field sensor and a temperature sensor, as well as an autonomous power source, a microprocessor device for primary analog-to-digital processing of information from the sensors of the block, a radio communication device between the block and the intermediate concentrator of information SDUM located at the junction station, which is connected via wired and / or wireless communication with a single concentrator of information on the state of the elements of the contact network of the railway.

The disadvantages of the method and system include the presence of power sources that require maintenance (replacement), limited resistance to external influencing factors (negative operating temperatures), the complexity of the block for collecting and transmitting information and its high cost, high labor intensity of use in railway transport, lack of tension control of the contact wire. At the same time, the known technical solution does not allow to quickly evaluate the tension force of the wires and cables of the contact network.

The declared controller according to the present technical solution due to the absence of a communication wire, the absence of the need to break the conductor, the absence of contact with fittings and equipment that has contact with the ground, the presence in its housing of electronic devices, microelectronic devices, low weight and small dimensions, is suspended on the wire of a distribution power line networks with voltage from 0.4 to 35 kV.

The essence of the utility model

The technical task facing this utility model is to create a controller and a system based on it, which allow you to reliably and quickly monitor the states of the wires of overhead power lines.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is an increase in reliability and speed, as well as an increase in the duration of the high-voltage controller.

According to the utility model, the technical problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that an autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wire of power lines with wireless data transmission, containing a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside which a Hall sensor is placed at a constant distance from the wire connected electrically to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is connected to the data transmission unit and to the data storage unit, and the controller is equipped with a power element configured to provide power to the said components included in the controller through a power distribution and management system configured to supply, disconnecting the current to the elements of the device, as well as with the ability to control the residual capacity of the battery and its charge, and the microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor into digital, and received data into wireless data transfer protocols and information storage systems.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the wire wrapping mechanism is made in the form of spring-loaded petals placed on the controller housing, while the petals are placed along the edges of the controller housing surface oriented to the power line wire, while a double petal is located on one edge of the housing surface, and with the other edge is single and the petals are oriented towards each other in such a way that at the moment of their closing they wrap around the wire, while the single petal enters the gap between the petals of the double petal.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the housing is made of polyamide.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the data transmission unit is made in the form of a modem.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the data transmission unit is implemented on the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB.

In a particular case of implementation of the claimed technical solution, the battery is made in the form of a capacitive battery.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, the battery is made in the form of a battery recharged from the electromagnetic field of the power line wire.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, it is made with the possibility of placing an overhead power line on the wire by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle.

In a particular case of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, it is made with the possibility of placing on the wire of an overhead power line by means of a dielectric rod.

Brief description of the drawings Details, features, and advantages of the present technical solution follow from the following description of the embodiments of the claimed utility model using the drawings, which show:

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an autonomous non-invasive electric current controller in the wires of power lines;

Fig. 2 is a general view of an autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wires of power lines of the controller on the wire of an overhead power line;

Fig. 3 is a general view of an autonomous non-invasive controller and a method of delivery to a power line wire using a dielectric rod;

Fig. 4 - the mechanism for wrapping the controller wire when delivered to the power line wire with the help of a dielectric rod of a "trap" device.

In the figures, the following structural elements are indicated by numbers: 1 - Hall sensor; 2 - data storage unit; 3 - microprocessor; 4 - power distribution and management system; 5 - battery; 6 - controller; 7 - wire of an overhead power line; 8 - dielectric rod; 9 - gondola; 10 - single petal; 11 - double petal; 12 - petal hooks; 13 - starting part; 14 - pusher; 15 - data transmission unit.

Disclosure of utility model Autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wires of overhead power lines with wireless data transmission consists of a microprocessor (3) connected by an electrical circuit to a Hall sensor (1). The microprocessor (3) is also connected by an electrical circuit to the data storage unit (2) and to the data transmission unit (15).

All controller elements: Hall sensor (1), microprocessor (3), battery (5), data transmission unit (15), power distribution and management system (4), battery (5), and storage unit (2) data - located on the integrated circuit and placed in the controller housing (6).

The power supply of the controller (6) and its constituent data transmission unit (15) (internet of things protocol modem), data storage unit (2), microprocessor (3), Hall sensor (1) is supplied from the battery through the distribution system and power control (4), made with the ability to supply, turn off the current to the elements of the device (Hall sensor (1), data transmission unit (15) and data storage unit (2) in the parameters required for each device, as well as with the ability to control the residual capacity battery (5) and its charge.

The battery in the embodiment of the claimed technical solution can be made in the form of a capacitive battery, or a battery recharged from the electromagnetic field of the wire (7) of the power line.

The data transmission unit (15) is implemented on the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB.

Block (2) data storage is made in the form of computer memory or cache memory.

To fix the controller on the power line wire, a fastener case is used, which provides electric wave transparency, a constant distance from the conductor to the Hall sensor and safe fastening without breaking the power line. The body is made of polyamide.

The controller (6) is made with the possibility of delivery and fixing it on the wire of the power line using a dielectric rod. To do this, the controller (6) is inserted into the gondola (9) with its bottom part. The gondola (9) for delivery to the wire is fixed on a standard dielectric rod (8) by means of a threaded connection.

Using a dielectric rod (8), the operator raises the gondola (9) in which the controller (6) is located until it touches the wire (7) of the overhead power line.

To fix the controller (6) on the wire (7) of the overhead power line, the controller is equipped with a wire wrapping mechanism (7). The wire wrapping mechanism is made in the form of petals placed on the controller case.

The petals are placed along the edges of the surface of the controller housing, oriented to the wire (7) of the power line. At the same time, a double (11) petal is located on one edge of the body surface, and a single one (10) is located on the other edge. The petals (10 and 11) are oriented towards each other in such a way that at the moment of their closing they wrap around the wire (7), while the single petal (10) enters the gap between the petals of the double petal (11).

Petals (10 and 11) are spring-loaded. The torsion spring (1) is used as the spring for clamping the wire. The arms of the springs are fixed in the hole in the body of the lodgment and petals. Double and single petals are captured by two hooks (12). A pusher (14) is connected to the hooks (12) with the possibility of interacting with them, which is connected to the starting part (13) located on the controller housing.

The starting part (13) under pressure from the wire of the power line at the moment the controller is installed on the wire (7) starts to rotate and pulls the pusher (14). The pusher pushes the hooks (12), which in turn release the double (11) and single (10) spring-loaded petals.

The controller according to the present utility model, unlike the known analogs, does not use a toroidal coil in its design, due to the use of a microprocessor in the device itself and a computer program, it becomes possible to change the frequency response of collecting information to take data from the electromagnetic field of the current conductor (wire). It also allows you to abandon the toroidal coil in the controller design by placing the Hall sensor at a constant distance relative to the wire. Implemented in the design of the device and its attachment to the wire.

In addition, the controller is designed to be combined into a system, with at least two controllers installed on one wire, and the processing of data from each individual device is already digitally processed in a computer program on a server or in cloud computing, to which, by means of a data transmission unit data is sent from each controller included in the system.

The controllers integrated in the system are installed on each current-carrying wire of the power line at the beginning and at the end of the line and on each branch from the line as close as possible to the branch point and as close as possible to the end of the branch. The number of controllers on one wire is not limited, the more often the devices are installed, the higher the accuracy of determining the location of the fault, the greater the information content of the line, the higher the reliability of the system.

Implementation of calculations in relative terms (percentage), not absolute. That is, the claimed system allows you to fix the change, the dynamics of change, taking as zero the value below which the device does not determine the value.

The device works as follows.

The Hall sensor (1) captures the electromagnetic field that occurs in the wire (7) of the power line. The microprocessor device, made on the basis of the microprocessor (3), with the help of a computer program controls the operation of the Hall sensor (1), converts the signal into digital format, setting the frequency of data acquisition from the Hall sensor (1), the computer program receives the sinusoid curve of the electric current flowing in the wire ( 7) overhead power lines.

An important element of the controller is its delivery to the wire (7). To ensure the safety, reliability and stability of the power line, the controller with the help of a gondola (9) screwed on a dielectric rod, cocked the petals, approach the wire (7). When the wire is touched by the starting part (13), the wire is captured by the petals (10 and 11) of the controller (6), after which the gondola (9) with a dielectric rod, leaving the controller (6) on the wire (7), returns to the ground.

Optionally, the controller can be installed using unmanned aerial vehicles capable of carrying a load of 250 grams. Through the clamp, the controller (6) is connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle, the gripping petals (10 and 11) are cocked, and when the trigger part (13) is touched, the petals (10 and 11) compress the wire (7).

The controller (6) by collecting information from the electromagnetic field of the power line wire captures the data - the presence / absence of electric current, the strength of the electric current, frequency, current off time, current on time.

With the help of a computer program embedded in the microprocessor (3), using mathematical algorithms, data received from the Hall sensor, analyzing the sinusoid, through the data transmission unit (15) of the Internet of things protocol (for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB, etc. ) sends a signal to the carrier's gateway.

By indirect evidence - data statistics, it is possible to predict the shutdown time and turn-on time. By indirect signs, the frequency and amplitude can be used to predict the cause of a power outage. When comparing data from the wires of one line, it is possible to predict options for the cause of a power failure.

When comparing data from different points of installed controllers on the same line, it is possible to predict the approximate location of the line damage. When fixing the point of installation of the controller on one power line in geoinformation computer programs, it is possible to transmit the approximate location of the damage, and using computer programs to calculate the time of arrival at the point of the emergency brigade and thereby calculate the time to restore power supply.

When comparing the data on the dynamics of changes in the current strength and the brand of the wire through which the current flows, it can be recommended to replace the wire with a larger / smaller section for effective asset management and trouble-free power supply. By installing controllers on all outgoing lines from the step-down current transformer in substations and comparing the flowing current data, recommendations can be made to replace the current transformer with a larger or smaller capacity current transformer for risk-based asset management and reliable power supply.

An indirect sign of the presence / absence of the flow of electric current through the supply wire can be used to control the operation of electrical appliances - lighting lamps, pumping equipment, generators, etc. due to the signal from the controller, using a computer program, it is possible to keep an accurate record of the operation of electrical appliances, as well as, according to the set criteria (current strength, time with current or without current), signal the occurrence of an event.

Claims (13)

1. Autonomous non-invasive controller of electric current in the wire of power lines with data transmission in a wireless way, containing a housing made with a wire wrapping mechanism, inside which a Hall sensor is placed at a constant distance from the wire, electrically connected to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is connected to the data transmission unit and to the data storage unit, moreover, the controller is equipped with a battery capable of providing power supply to the said components included in the controller through the power distribution and management system, configured to supply, turn off current to the elements of the device, and also with the ability to control the residual capacity of the battery and its charge, and the microprocessor is configured to control the operation of the controller, convert the analog signal from the Hall sensor into digital, pack the received data into wireless data transmission protocols and information storage systems. 2. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire wrapping mechanism is made in the form of spring-loaded petals placed on the controller housing, while the petals are placed along the edges of the controller housing surface oriented to the power line wire, while on one edge of the housing surface is located a double petal, and from the other edge - a single one, and the petals are oriented towards each other in such a way that at the moment of their closing they wrap around the wire, while the single petal enters the gap between the petals of the double petal. 3. The controller according to claim. 1, characterized in that the body is made of polyamide. 4. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the data transmission unit is made in the form of a modem. 5. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the data transmission unit is implemented on the Internet of Things protocol, for example, LoRa, NBIoT, XNB. 6. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery is made in the form of a capacitive battery. 7. The controller according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery is made in the form of a battery recharged from the electromagnetic field of the power line wire. 8. The controller according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of placing on the wire of an overhead power line by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle. 9. The controller according to claim. 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of placing on the wire of an overhead power line by means of a dielectric rod.

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