RU2103705C1 - Automatic station of repeater jammings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: microelectronics. SUBSTANCE: station has receiving antenna, input splitter of microwave signals, device for short-time reproduction of carrier frequency, input microwave amplifier, first and second microwave combiners, microwave switch, output microwave amplifier, transmitting antenna, repeater jamming device, recorder of pulse robing signals, amplitude detector, phase modulator, inhibit logical element, former of strobing and modulating pulses, control and time programming device for logical processing of signals, first and second formers of low-frequency modulating voltages. Receiving antenna is connected to microwave input of input microwave splitter, the first microwave output of which is connected to microwave input of device for short-time reproduction of carrier frequency. Second microwave output of input splitter of microwave signals is connected to microwave input of input microwave amplifier, phase modulation input of which is connected to first output of phase modulator. Third microwave input of input splitter of microwave signals is connected to microwave input of repeater jamming device, the control input of which is connected to terminal for delivery of control command. Fourth microwave output of input microwave signal splitter is connected to microwave input of recorder of pulse and continuous probing signals. Recorder output of signal indicating the presence of regular pulse radiation is connected to first information input of control and time programming device, and output of signal indicating the presence of regular continuous radiation is connected to second information input of control and time programming device. Fifth microwave output of input splitter of microwave signals is connected to microwave input of amplitude detector, the output of which is connected to videoinput of recorder of pulse and continuous probing signals and to videoinput of former of strobing and modulating pulses. Control input of device for short-time reproduction of carrier frequency is connected to first input of device for logical processing of signals and to output of strobing pulse of strobing and modulating pulse former. Modulating pulse output of the latter is connected to second input of device for logical processing of signal. Microwave output of device for short-time reproduction of carrier frequency is connected to first microwave input of first microwave combiner, the second microwave input of which is connected to microwave output of input microwave amplifier. Microwave output of first microwave combiner is connected to microwave input of microwave switch, the control input of which is connected to output of inhibit logical element. Microwave output of microwave switch is connected to first microwave input of second microwave combiner, the second microwave input of which is connected to microwave output of repeater jamming device. Microwave output of second microwave combiner is connected to microwave input of output microwave amplifier. Microwave output of the latter is connected to transmitting antenna, and phase modulation input is connected to second output of phase modulator. Inhibit signal output of repeater jamming device is connected to inhibit input of inhibit logical element. Signal input of logical element is connected to output of signal logical processing device. Phase modulator control input is connected to fourth output of control and time programming device, the first output of which is connected to control input of modulating and strobing pulse former, and second output is connected to control input of second former of low-frequency modulating voltage. Its third output is connected to control input of first former of low-frequency modulating voltage. Output of first generator of low-frequency modulating voltage is connected to third input of device for logical processing of signal, the fourth input of which is connected to output of second generator of low-frequency modulating voltage. EFFECT: improved construction. 4 dwg

Description

 This alleged invention relates to techniques for electronic warfare. The device, made in accordance with the proposed technical solution, can be used to build automatic response stations for radar tracking objects in cases where the carrier frequency, type and parameters of the probing signals and even the number of radars that simultaneously accompany the protected object (for example, an airplane) a priori unknown.

 At present, when radars with different types of sounding signal and the possibility of changing it at different stages of work are included in various weapon control systems that are complex in construction, the use of simple radio protection stations, for example, noise interference stations, and even more complex simulation interference stations with limited a set of types of interference in most cases cannot solve the problem of protecting the object from damage.

 A high ability is needed to adapt the jamming station to the type of radar probe signal in order to create the most effective interference for radar with this type of probing signal, to create a set of interference effects that suppress the target selection channel in the radar and its angular coordinator, change interference composition depending on the attack stage and the tracking radar operating mode.

 One of the known options for constructing an active jamming station is given in [1]. This device will be further considered as a device - the first analogue in relation to the proposed one.

 Device - the first analogue consists of a receiving antenna, an input microwave switching unit, a high frequency amplifier - mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, a low frequency detection and amplification device, a signal analyzer, a local oscillator, a tuning mechanism, a noise generator, a filter, a noise voltage amplifier, modulator and high frequency generator. The receiving antenna is connected to the input of the microwave switching unit, the microwave output of which is connected to the input of the high-frequency amplifier - mixer. The heterodyne input of the high-frequency amplifier-mixer is connected to the input of the intermediate-frequency amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the low-frequency detection and amplification device. The output of the low-frequency detection and amplification device is connected to the input of the signal analyzer, the output of which is connected to the control input of the tuning mechanism - to the control input of the high-frequency generator. The output of the noise generator is connected to the input of the filter, the output of which is connected to the input of the noise voltage amplifier and connected to the input of the modulator, the output of which is connected to the modulation input of the high-frequency generator.

 Device - the first analogue works as follows.

 The radar probe signal is received by the receiving antenna, through the input microwave unit it switches to the input of the high-frequency amplifier-mixer, where it is amplified and converted in frequency. The local oscillator, the signal of which is fed to the local oscillator input of a high-frequency amplifier - mixer, is tuned in frequency using the tuning mechanism. The tuning mechanism simultaneously tunes the local oscillator and the output high-frequency generator, so that the output high-frequency generator is tuned to the carrier frequency of the radar. The signal obtained at the output of the mixer high-frequency amplifier after frequency conversion is amplified by an intermediate-frequency amplifier, detected in a low-frequency detection and amplification device, amplified by the video frequency in the same device, and analyzed in a signal analyzer. When, after analyzing the signals, it is determined that the radar belongs to the type of radar that is to be suppressed, the control signal at the output of the analyzer is fixed in parameters, as a result of which the carrier frequency at the output of the high-frequency generator will be equal to the carrier frequency of the radar, i.e. the carrier frequency of the radar is reproduced for a long time "search" method, by tuning the noise generator receiver generator.

 Next, the emitted microwave signal is modulated - amplitude or phase. Such modulation is carried out as follows. The noise generator produces a noise signal with a wide spectrum of frequencies. A filter through which a noise signal is output from the output of the noise generator cuts out a frequency band approximately equal to the pass band of the radar receiver. The signal from the filter output is amplified by a noise voltage amplifier and fed to the input of the modulator, in which the signal (by average value and amplitude) to the values necessary to control the parameters of the output high-frequency generator by the modulation input. As a result, a frequency-targeted microwave signal, modulated by noise, is generated at the output of the generator.

 The device - the first analogue has several disadvantages.

a) the possibility of detection by the opposing party of the fact of interference. This disadvantage is caused by the fact that the radar probe signal and the interference signal are significantly different. The radar probe signal is regular with known parameters, the interference signal is noise-like. The presence of noise received by the receiver of the interference station allows us to conclude that noise interference is being produced. In this case, the interference station has the ability to take measures to attenuate or eliminate the effects of this type of interference - use noise equalizers or tune the operating frequency, if this is possible;
b) the possibility of pointing weapons to the source of noise interference. Many weapons (for example, homing missiles) have a guidance mode on the noise source. Because in this case, the jamming station is located on the protected object, then pointing at the noise sources will lead to the defeat of the protected object.

 c) the difficulty of obtaining noise with a high power density. This drawback relates to technical disadvantages associated with the restrictions that occur when implementing noise interference. The total output power of the high-frequency generator output is limited. Because when creating noise interference, the radiated power does not concentrate on one (carrier) frequency, but is distributed over a rather wide frequency range, it is difficult to obtain a high power density in this range.

 Another well-known device is a misinforming jamming station described in (Velikanov V.D., Galkin V.I., Mikhailov L.V. et al. Radio engineering systems in rocketry. M: Military Publishing House M. USSR, 1974, p. 251, Fig. 7.2). This device will then be considered as a device - the second analogue in relation to the proposed.

 Device - the second analogue consists of a receiving antenna, an input microwave amplifier, a microwave splitter, a filter, a microwave delay device, an output amplifier, a transmitting antenna, an analyzing device, a delay modulator, an amplitude and frequency modulator. The receiving antenna is connected to the microwave input of the input microwave amplifier, the microwave output of which is connected to the microwave input of the microwave signal splitter. One microwave output of the microwave signal splitter is connected to the microwave input of the filter, the other to the microwave input of the analyzing device, one output of which is with the input of the control delay modulator, the other output is with the control input of the amplitude and frequency modulator, and the third output of the analyzing device is connected to filter control input. The microwave output of the filter is connected to the microwave input of the microwave delay device. The microwave output of which is connected to the microwave input of the output amplifier. The microwave output of the output amplifier is connected to a transmitting antenna.

 Device - the second analogue works as follows. The radar probe signal is received by the receiving antenna and amplified by the input microwave amplifier. Further, using the microwave signal splitter, the amplified microwave signal branches out: from one output of the microwave signal splitter, part of the microwave power of the amplified microwave signal is transmitted to the filter microwave input, and from the other output to the microwave input of the analyzing device. The analyzing device analyzes the incoming signal and generates control signals to control the filter, delay modulator, amplitude and frequency modulator. The signal from one output of the modulating device is fed to a delay modulator, which generates a series of video pulses received at the control input of the microwave delay device. The signal from the other output of the analyzing device is fed to the control input of the amplitude and frequency modulator, as a result of which the necessary Doppler frequency shift of the emitted signal is provided and its amplitude level is set corresponding to the given value of the simulated EPR of the object. The signal from the third output of the analyzing device is fed to the filter control input, as a result of which the filter will only transmit the microwave signal of the radar selected for suppression.

 As a result, the device - the second analogue will emit microwave signals of multiple response interference, creating a series of target marks with false ranges on the radar indicator, which makes it difficult to choose a target for tracking and the process of tracking the target by radar.

The device - the second analogue has several disadvantages. These include:
1. Ensuring the operation of the jamming station on only one (selected) radar. In the case of tracking the protected object with several radars, the effective interference can be created only by one radar selected by the analyzing device of the jamming station, or radars can be created sequentially in time - first to one, then to the second, etc., i.e. with a significant loss of time in relation to the second, and even more so to subsequent radars. At the same time, the loss of time may be commensurate with the total time of the combat operation.

 2. The impossibility of simultaneously counteracting radars with different types of radiation - for example, a radar with pulsed radiation and a radar with continuous radiation. This is explained by the fact that in the device - the second analogue, the relay path can be in only one state (for example, in the locked state, opening only for the duration of the pulses of the delay modulator). In this case, the continuous-wave radar signal will not be continuously relayed, and interference with this radar will not be created.

 3. The inability to adapt to the stages of attack of the protected object by means of destruction (missile). This disadvantage is caused by the fact that the device, the second analogue, does not have automatic organs providing switching of interference depending on the stage of the attack. At any stage of operation, the device - the second analogue creates essentially one type of interference - multiple response interference, giving a series of target marks at false ranges.

 Another known device is a response interference station described in [2]. The device discussed in this source will then be considered a prototype device in relation to the proposed one.

 The prototype device consists of a receiving antenna, a microwave splitter, a device for short-term reproduction of a carrier frequency, a microwave switch, an output microwave amplifier, a transmitting antenna, a receiving device, a driver of delayed modulating pulses, and a control device.

 The receiving antenna is connected to the microwave input of the microwave splitter, the first microwave output of which is connected to the microwave input of the short-term carrier frequency reproducing device, and the other microwave output of the microwave splitter to the microwave input of the receiving device. The microwave output of the short-term carrier frequency reproducing device is connected to the microwave input of the microwave switch, the microwave output of which is connected to the microwave input of the output microwave amplifier, and the control input of the microwave switch to the output of the control device. The microwave output of the output microwave amplifier is connected to a transmitting antenna. The video output of the receiving device is connected to the input of the driver of the delayed modulating pulses, the output of which is connected to the input of the control device.

 The prototype device operates as follows. The probing channels of the pulsed radar are received by the receiving antenna and transmitted to the first and second microwave outputs of the microwave splitter. The signal from the first output of the microwave splitter is fed to the microwave input of the device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency; at the microwave output of the device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency for a short time (of the order of several microseconds), the microwave signal will be supported at a frequency equal to the carrier frequency of the received radar signal. This microwave signal at the carrier frequency of the radar is fed to the microwave input of the microwave switch.

 The microwave signal from the second microwave output of the microwave splitter is fed to the microwave input of the receiving device, the output of which produces a pulse corresponding to the envelope of the received radar pulse, having the shape of this envelope and a temporary position that matches the temporal position of the received microwave pulse. This video pulse from the input of the receiving device is fed to the input of the delayed modulating pulse generator, which, in response to the received video pulse, generates a modulating pulse, the delay of which from the pulse and the pulses are changed according to a given program (according to the law of the time delay). The generated delayed modulating pulse is fed to the input of the control device. In the control device, the initial level and amplitude of this pulse are reduced to the values required to control the microwave switch to the input of the second microwave switch, unlocks it for the duration of the delayed modulating pulse. As a result, the microwave switch “cuts out” shorter horizontal microwave interference pulses from the output signal at the carrier frequency, which are amplified by the output microwave amplifier and emitted by the transmitting antenna.

 Thus, the prototype device will emit microwave interference pulses with a varying time delay, i.e. imitate the movement of the target, its "false range".

The prototype device also has a number of significant disadvantages:
1. Limited functionality. The prototype device has the ability to interfere only with the rangefinder channel of a pulsed radar. To suppress the goniometric coordinator of a pulsed radar device prototype is not possible. Since the radar goniometer channel is currently its main information channel, this drawback should be recognized as significant.

 2. The inability to counter radar with different types of sounding signal. The prototype device is operable only upon receipt of the probing signals of a pulsed radar. It cannot counteract continuous or quasi-continuous radars. This disadvantage is explained by the fact that the microwave switch of the prototype device is normally turned off and does not provide the ability to continuously relay microwave signals of continuous-wave radars.

 3. The impossibility of adapting the interference effect and the radar operating mode (search mode, target tracking mode) or the attack stage of the protected object by a means of destruction - for example, a rocket. This disadvantage is due to the fact that regardless of the radar operating mode (target search mode or its tracking) and the attack stage (before the launch of the rocket or after its launch), the prototype device creates the only type of interference - distance-distracting interference; the transition to other types of interference effects or their combinations in the prototype device is not provided.

 4. The impossibility of simultaneous ("parallel") interference effects on radars with different types of radiation. When escorting the protected object with two radars with different types of radiation - pulsed and continuous - counteraction will be carried out only by one radar - with pulsed radiation. Radar with constant radiation will carry out a combat mission without counteraction from the side of active response interference. This disadvantage is caused by the fact that the microwave switch is normally locked, which is necessary to create a pulsed pulsed radar, the relay of the continuous-wave radar signal is not performed.

 The present invention solves the problem of increasing the effectiveness of electronic protection by ensuring the adaptability of the automatic response station to the types of radar sounding signals, to the stage of attack of the protected object by the means of destruction to the possibility of "parallel" counteraction to radars with different types of radiation.

The technical result from the use of the proposed technical solution is that the functionality is expanded and the adaptive ability of the jamming station to the types of sounding signals, radiation modes, and also to the stage of attack of the protected object by an attacker is increased. The specified technical result is ensured by such an organization of the construction of an active interference station, in which:
- the composition of the interference automatically changes depending on the stage of the jamming program (at the first stage, when creating interference to the target selection system, some types of interference are turned on, at the second stage, when creating interference to the goniometric coordinator of the radar, other types of interference are automatically turned on); in this case, the alternation of the types of interference used is such that the previous interference, in addition to its direct purpose - exposure to the radar meter - increases the effectiveness of the subsequent interference and prepares to create conditions for the effective impact of this subsequent interference. For example, the evading noise at the stage of creating interference to the target selection kagal simultaneously increases the effectiveness of the subsequent interference to the goniometric radar coordinator: the withdrawal law is selected not only from the highest removal efficiency, but also from the possibility of obtaining the highest interference / signal ratio in the radar tracking gate at the stage of creating interference radar goniometer coordinator;
- the information received from the device for analyzing and recording the probing signals available in the jamming station is used to change the composition of the jamming caused by the station, depending on the type of the probing radar signal (for example, to create distance-guiding jamming at the stage of interference emission to the rangefinder channel and interference goniometric coordinator with parameters characteristic of pulsed radars - when operating on a pulsed radar; leading away in speed of interference at the stage of interference emission to the target selection channel in speed and omech to the goniometric coordinator with the parameters characteristic of a continuous-wave radar - when working on a continuous-wave radar);
- provides the possibility of simultaneous ("parallel") interference with radars with pulsed and continuous radiation, at one time accompanying the protected object, without loss of time for alternation and without reducing interference efficiency, which is due to the fact that in a continuous relay signal when creating interference station with continuous radiation, short "windows" are made in the vicinity of the incoming pulse of the pulsed radar, and within these "windows" interference pulses are independently emitted at the carrier frequency pulse radar;
- depending on the stage of operation of the radar (search and capture of the target, tracking the target) and depending on the stage of attack of the protected object by hitting (before launching the rocket, after launching the rocket), the interference composition also automatically changes - for example, to a radar operating in target search mode , noise or multiple response interference is created, which makes it difficult to search and select a target, and at the stage of tracking a target, imitation interference to the goniometric and rangefinder channels. The latter is ruled out, in particular, by pointing to the noise source after the launch of the rocket.

 Technically, this result is achieved due to the fact that the device containing the receiving antenna, an output splitter of microwave signals, the microwave input of which is connected to the receiving antenna, a device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency, the microwave input of which is connected to the first microwave output of the output splitter of the microwave signals, the output microwave amplifier, the microwave input of which is connected to the second microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals, the output of the microwave amplifier, a transmitting antenna connected to the microwave output of the output microwave amplifier, A microwave switch, an amplitude detector, a gate generator and a modulating pulse, the video input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude detector, a device for generating noise response, a first and second microwave couplers, a device for recording pulsed and continuous signals, a phase modulator, a logic inhibit element, a control and temporary programming device, a logical signal processing device, the first and second drivers of low-frequency modulating voltage, the first microwave input the first microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output of the short-term carrier frequency reproducing device, the control input of which is connected to the first input of the logic signal processing device and with the output of the strobe pulse of the gate generator and modulating pulses, the second microwave input of the first microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output input microwave amplifier, the phase modulation input of which is connected to the first output of the phase modulator, the microwave output of the first microwave splitter is connected to the microwave input of the microwave switch, the input is controlled which is connected to the output of the inhibit logic element, the first microwave input of which the microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output of the device for generating noise interference, the microwave input of which is connected to the third microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals, the fourth microwave output of the input splitter The microwave signals are connected to the microwave input of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals, and the output of the signal of the presence of regular pulsed radiation of which is connected to the first information input of the control device and time programming, and the output signal of the presence of regular continuous radiation with the second information input of the control device and temporary programming, the fifth microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals is connected to the video input of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals, the control input of the device for generating response noise interference is connected to a terminal for issuing a control command, the signal input of the inhibit logic element is connected to the output of the logical signal processing device, input l logical inhibit element - with the output of the inhibit signal of the device for generating response noise interference, the first output of the control and temporary programming device is connected to the control input of the gate generator and modulating pulses, the modulating pulse output of which is connected to the second input of the signal processing logic device, the second output of the control and temporary programming is connected to the control input of the second driver of low-frequency modulating voltage, the output of which is connected inen with the fourth input of the logical signal processing device, the third output of the control and temporary programming device is connected to the control input of the first low-frequency modulating voltage driver, the output of which is connected to the third input of the logical signal processing device, the fourth output of the control and temporary programming device is connected to the control input of the phase modulator , the second output of which is connected to the phase modulation input of the output microwave amplifier.

Comparison of the proposed device with the prototype device shows that the features common to the prototype are:
- the presence of a receiving antenna, an input splitter of microwave signals, a device for short-term reproduction of a carrier frequency, an input microwave amplifier, a microwave switch, an output microwave amplifier, a transmitting antenna, an amplitude detector, a shaper of gating and modulating pulses;
- connection of the receiving antenna with the microwave input of the input splitter of the microwave signals, the first microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals - with the microwave input of the device for short-term exposure to the carrier frequency of the second microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals - with the microwave input of the input microwave amplifier, microwave output of the output microwave amplifier - with a transmitting antenna;
- the relationship of the output of the amplitude detector with the video input of the driver of the gating and modulating pulses.

Distinctive features of the prototype device are:
- introduction to the device of the first and second microwave couplers, a device for generating response noise interference, a device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals;
- introduction to the device of a phase modulator, a logic inhibit element, a control device and temporary programming, a logical signal processing device, the first and second drivers of low-frequency modulating voltage;
- the connection of the third microwave output of the input microwave splitter with the microwave input of the device for generating response noise interference, the fourth microwave output of the input splitter of microwave signals with the microwave input of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals of the fifth microwave output of the input splitter of microwave signals with The microwave input of the amplitude detector, the microwave output of the device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency with the first microwave input of the first microwave splitter, the microwave output of the input microwave amplifier with the second microwave input of the first microwave splitter, microwave The output of the first microwave splitter with the microwave input of the microwave switch, the microwave output of the microwave switch with the first microwave input of the second microwave splitter, and the microwave output of the microwave splitter with the microwave input of the output microwave amplifier.

- connection of the output of the amplitude detector with the video input of the device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals, the output of the signal of regular pulsed radiation of the device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals - with the first information input of the control and temporary programming device, the output of the signal of the regular continuous emitter of the device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals - with the second information input of the control device and temporary programming , the control input of the device for generating response noise interference - with a terminal for issuing a control command, the output of the inhibit signal of the device for generating response noise interference - with the input of the inhibit of the logic inhibit element;
- communication of the first output of the control device and temporary programming - with the control input of the gate generator of the gating and modulating pulses, the second output of the control device and temporary programming - with the control input of the first low-frequency modulating voltage generator, the third output of the control device and temporary programming - with the control input of the first low-frequency generator modulating voltage, the fourth output of the control device and temporary programming - with input m control the phase modulator, the gate output of the gate driver of the gating and modulating pulses - with the first input of the logical signal processing device and with the control input of the device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency, the output of the modulated pulse of the gate generator and modulating pulses - with the second input of the logic signal processing device, the output of the first shaper low-frequency modulating voltage - with the third input of the logical processing device signal c, the output of the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage - with the fourth input of the logical signal processing device - with the signal input of the logic inhibit element, the output of the logic inhibit element - with the control input of the microwave switch, the first output of the phase modulator - with the phase modulation input of the input microwave amplifier, the second output of the phase modulator - with the phase modulation input of the output microwave amplifier.

Now consider those causal relationships that ensure the achievement of the above technical result:
a) if, using the logical signal processing device, one obtains the logical control function of the microwave switch, in which, depending on the information on the availability of radar signals with pulsed or continuous radiation, it is possible to provide a normally open state of the microwave relay channel of the station in the presence of a continuous radiation, the normally-locked state of the microwave relay path in the presence of regulatory pulsed radiation and the normally-open state of the relay path, with the creation of "windows" at the time forming strobe pulses I, during which tract momentarily locked and unlocked only while the response of the noise impulse radar pulse, it opens the possibility of "parallel" jamming radar pulse and continuous wave without wasting without reducing the effectiveness of influence on each said radar; however, the creation of interference to the goniometric coordinators of the radar can also be carried out independently, using the time intervals for the generation of interference and interference parameters that are most optimal for radars with the appropriate type of radiation. In this case, the modulation of the relay signal of the radar with continuous radiation can be carried out by switching the relay path with gaps between the strobe pulses by low-frequency noise modulating voltage, and the modulation of the response signals to the radar with pulsed radiation - by manipulating the sequence of modulating pulses within the created "windows" using a logical signal processing;
b) if you use the mutual control of devices for creating a response noise interference and devices for creating imitation interference, then it is possible, depending on the stage of attack of the protected object by the striking means, to emit, at different stages of the attack, the interference signals that are most effective for the corresponding stage - for example, noise interference or repeated response interference - at the stage before the launch of the rocket, when the RDS are operating in target search mode, and imitation interference after the launch of the rocket when the radar is operating in target tracking mode. Thus, it is possible to adapt the types of interference not only to the type of sounding signals, but also to the attack stage;
c) if during interfering to use their alternation during the operation cycle of the station, it is possible to increase the efficiency of interfering due to the fact that interfering with the target selection channel at the first stage of operation allows increasing the efficiency of interfering with the goniometric coordinator. In this case, the operation of the jamming station in accordance with the time program will increase the efficiency of the jamming effect.

 As was noted, to achieve the intended technical effect, the proposed device was introduced: the first and second microwave splitters, a logic inhibit element, a phase modulator, a device for generating response noise interference, a device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals, a logical signal processing device, a control device and temporary programming, the first and second drivers of low-frequency modulating voltage, and the input and output microwave amplifiers are used in this option e, when each of these microwave amplifiers has, in addition to the microwave input and microwave output, also a phase modulation input.

 Let us show that each of these introduced nodes in electronic equipment is created on a real elementary basis and can be considered practicable.

 An output microwave amplifier with phase modulation input is known. An example of this can be considered a microwave amplifier on a traveling wave lamella. An example of it is given in the book: S. A. Vakin, L. N. Shustov. Fundamentals of radio countermeasures and radio intelligence. - M., ed. "Sov. Radio", 1968, p. 232, Fig. 5.15. The phase modulation input in this case is the TWT spiral. A broadband microwave amplifier on the TWT amplifies microwave oscillations supplied to its microwave input and performs the functions of a microwave amplifier. If a sawtooth modulating voltage is applied to its phase modulation input (to the helix), then when amplifying the microwave signal in amplitude, the phase modulation of the microwave signal will also occur, leading to a shift in the carrier frequency.

 An output microwave amplifier with a phase modulation input can also be considered known. It can be considered as a connection of two consecutive cascades: a preliminary microwave amplifier, made in accordance with the solution given in the above book by S. A. Bakin and L. N. Shustrov, p. 232, Fig. 5.15, and an output power amplifier that does not have a phase modulation input. Such a device as a whole, in addition to the amplifier of microwave signals in amplitude (power), has the ability to phase modulate the amplified microwave signal by applying the phase modulation voltage to the TWT helix of the preliminary microwave amplifier.

 Microwave signal couplers that channel microwave energy from two or more directions to one output feeder are known. For example, an example of full-flow type splitters is given in GOST 2.734-68 (Unified system for design documentation. Conventional graphic designations in schemes. GOST 2.734-68. - M., Standards Publishing House, 1979, p. 200, item 2) .

 Embodiments of devices for generating response noise interference, including with the “generator” method of understanding the carrier frequency and the search form for its determination, are also given in the literature - see device — first analogue: A. I. Paly. Electronic warfare. - M., Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1981, p. 49, fig. 1.27. In relation to the proposed technical solution, when the interference station has separate receiving and transmitting antennas, the microwave input of the device for generating response noise interference should be considered the microwave input of the high-frequency amplifier - mixer, the microwave output of the device - the microwave output of the high-frequency generator, the output of the inhibit signal is analyzer output; the modulator M of this known device should be controllable, and the control input of the modulator will serve as the control input of the device. The inhibit logic element is also a typical element of combinational logic devices. - M.: Higher School, 1989, p. 196, fig. 4.7. The provisions of the signal input and the prohibition input in the specified source are specified and correspond to the designations used in this application.

 A device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals has also been cited in the literature. In the simplest case, such a device is a combination of two selective devices: a continuous-wave radar signal detector and a pulse selector selector has been described in the literature. An example of a continuous-wave radar signal detector can be found in the article: V. A. Glebov, Yu. N. Erofeev. Detector of signals from radar installations for monitoring high-speed traffic on highways. Conversion, N 9/92, 1992, c. 15, fig. 3. When using this device in the proposed interference station, a separate detector antenna is not needed; the microwave input of the AM amplitude modulator will serve as its microwave input. The pulsed signal selector of a pulse-type tracking radar can be a device described in Yu. N. Erofeev Fundamentals of pulse technology. - M., High School, 1979, p. 378, fig. 9.7. When combining two such selection devices, the microwave input of the device for recording pulsed and directing sounding signals will be the microwave input of the registrar (detector) of radar signals with continuous radiation, the video input of the device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals will be the input of the selector for pulse signals, outputs of the signal for the presence of regular pulse radiation - the output of the pulse signal selector, the outputs of the signal of the presence of regular continuous radiation - the output of the radar signal detector with continuous m radiation.

Examples of the execution of phase modulators of various types are also given in the literature. For example, we can assume that this phase modulator consists of two formers of a sawtooth modulating voltage - a sawtooth voltage, with a tunable repetition frequency generated at the first output, and a sawtooth voltage with a constant repetition rate are given in Yu.N. Erofeev. Pulse devices. - M.: Higher School, 1989, p. 447, fig. 8.26. A sawtooth voltage generator with a constant repetition rate can be performed in the same way if a constant negative voltage is applied to terminal E _y . With this design of the phase modulator, its control input will be the terminal E _{y of} the sawtooth generator with a tunable repetition frequency, the first output is the output of this generator, and the second output is the output of the sawtooth generator with a constant repetition rate.

 The first and second shapers of low-frequency modulating voltage, which differs only in the middle frequencies and frequency ranges of the output meander voltage, can be performed according to the circuit given in A. Olsevich et al. Two-base diodes in automation. - M .: Energy, p. 37, fig. 25 a. Such a shaper consists of a self-oscillating pulse generator with a tunable frequency and a countable trigger, the potential output of which serves as the output of the formation of a low-frequency modulating voltage. When using such a shaper and the proposed jamming station, the output trigger must also have an external installation input, by which the control signal sets the trigger forcibly to the state of the logical unit at the output. Such an input can serve as the base of one of the trigger transistors. This input of the installation can be used as a control input of the driver of low-frequency modulating pulses.

The control and temporary programming device must have a first information input and two (first and second) voltage outputs, which determines the intervals of interference with a pulsed radar, and a second information input and two (third and fourth) outputs, which determine the time intervals of interference with continuous-wave radars. In the simplest case, such a device can be considered as two-channel, and each of the channels is made according to the circuit shown in (Erofeeva I.A. Pulse devices on single-junction transistors. - M.: Communication, 1974, p. 43, Fig. 4.1). The control signal input of such a device will serve as one (for example, the first) information input of the control device and temporary programming, and the other, inverse trigger output, as the second output of such a control device and temporary programming. In this simplest embodiment, the voltages at the first and second outputs are out of phase (inverse). The signal supplied to the information input serves to synchronize the master pulse generator and to set the trigger so that when the signal appears on the information input, the output control voltage starts to be created, moreover, from a logical unit at the first output and a logical zero at the second. The second channel of the control and temporary programming device is similar to the first, is made according to the same scheme and can differ only in the temporal parameters of the generated voltages. Next, voltage plots of the control device and temporary programming will be shown (Fig. 2). The considered simplest embodiment corresponds to FIG. 2 a. A possible embodiment corresponds to FIG. 2 a. A possible embodiment is when, for the same total duration of the interference cycle T _c the interference, the intervals at the outputs - the first and second - making up this cycle are somewhat different (this case may be, for example, when it is planned to complete the final stage of the leading interference already at the creation stage interference to the goniometric coordinator). In this case, the output voltages correspond to FIG. 2, b. Finally, there may be cases when at the same output of the device and temporary programming not a binary-quantized voltage is generated, but an analog voltage that directly determines the law of tap (Fig. 2, c). Each of these cases is also realizable, and the claimed technical solution has the same generality in which it is permissible to use any of these options for constructing a control device and temporary programming.

 The logical signal processing device used in the proposed jamming station is a combinational logic device, the output signal of which should provide a closed state of the relay cycle, with unlocking by the pulsing pulses, when creating the pulsing jamming radar with pulsed radiation, create a “window” with a continuous relay signal with placement inside this "window" of the leading pulses with the simultaneous presence of radar signals with pulsed and continuous radiation, the switching voltage is low frequency modulating voltage when creating interference with the goniometric coordinator of the RDS with continuous radiation and switching a sequence of leading pulses when creating interference with the goniometric coordinator of the radar with pulsed radiation. The synthesis methods of such combinational logic devices are well developed - see, for example, Yu. N. Erofeev. Impulse devices. - M., ed. Higher School, 1989, pp. 195-196, 200-204. Below in FIG. 3, an example of a specific circuit implementation of a signal processing logic device will be given.

 Thus, all the elements used in the proposed automatic jamming station are technically feasible.

In FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a proposed automatic jamming station; in FIG. 2 - options for the mutual correspondence of the output voltages at the first and second outputs of the control device and temporary programming
a) the case of paraphase voltages;
b) the case of unequal values of the duty cycle of the stresses at the first and second outputs at the same value of the cycle duration T _c ;
c) the case of the formation of an analog control voltage at the first output and binary-quantized at the second output.

 In FIG. 3 is an example of a practical implementation of a logical signal processing device. \ \ 2 In FIG. 4 - Voltage plots at characteristic points of the proposed automatic jamming station with "parallel" interference to the target selection channels of a radar with pulsed radiation and a radar with continuous radiation accompanying the protected object.

The proposed device contains:
- receiving antenna 1;
- an input splitter of microwave signals 2 having a microwave input 3, a first microwave output 4, a second microwave output 5, a third microwave output 6, a fourth microwave output 7 and a fifth microwave output 8.

- a device for short-term reproduction of a carrier frequency 9, having a microwave input 10, a control input 11 and a microwave output 12;
- an input microwave amplifier 13 having a microwave output 14, a phase modulation input 15, and a microwave output 16;
- a first microwave splitter 17 having a first microwave input 18, a second microwave input 19, and a microwave output 20;
- a microwave switch 21 having a microwave input 22, a control input 23 and a microwave output 24;
- a second microwave splitter 25 having a first microwave input 26, a second microwave input 27, and a microwave output 28;
an output microwave amplifier 29 having a microwave input 30, a base modulation input 31, and a microwave output 32;
- transmitting antenna 33;
- a device for generating response noise interference 34 having a microwave input 35, a control input 36, an output of the inhibit signal 37, and a microwave output 38;
- a device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals 39, having a microwave input 40, video input 41, the output signal of the presence of regular pulsed radiation 42 and the output signal of the presence of regular continuous radiation 43;
- amplitude detector 44 having a microwave input 45 and output 46;
a phase modulator 47 having a control input 48, a first output 49 and a second output 50;
- a ban element 51 having a signal output 52, a ban input 53 and an output 54;
- a driver of gating and modulating pulses 55 having a video input 56, a control input 57, an output of a modulating pulse 58 and an output of a strobe pulse 59;
- a control and temporary programming device 60 having a first information input 61, a second information input 62, a first output 63, a second output 64, a third output 65, and a fourth output 66;
- a logical signal processing device 67, having a first input X ₁ 68, a second input X ₂ 69, a third input X ₃ 70, a fourth input X ₄ 71 and output Y 72;
- a first driver of a low-frequency modulating voltage 73 having a control input 74 and an output 75;
- a second driver of a low-frequency modulating voltage 76 having a control input 77 and an output 78;
- a terminal for issuing a control command 79.

 The receiving antenna 1 is connected to the microwave input 3 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2, the first microwave output 4 of which is connected to the microwave input 10 of the device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency 9. The second microwave output 5 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 is connected to the microwave the input 14 of the input microwave amplifier 13, the phase modulation input 15 of which is connected to the first output 49 of the phase modulator 47. The third microwave output 6 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 is connected to the microwave input 35 of the device for generating noise interference 34, the control input 36 of which connected with a terminal for issuing a control command 79. The fourth microwave output 7 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 is connected to the microwave input 40 of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals 39, the video input 41 of which is connected to the output 46 of the amplitude detector 44 and to the video input 56 of the gate and modulating pulses 55. The fifth microwave output 8 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 is connected to the microwave input 45 of the amplitude detector 44.

 The control input 11 of the carrier frequency short-term playback device 9 is connected to the first input 68 of the logic signal processing device 67 and the output of the strobe pulse 59 of the gate and modulating pulse shaper 55, the control input 57 of which is connected to the first 63 output of the control and temporary programming device 60. Microwave output 12, the carrier frequency short-term playback device 9 is connected to the first microwave input 18 of the first microwave splitter 17, the second microwave input 19 of which is connected to the microwave input 16 of the input Microwave amplifier 13. The microwave output 20 of the first microwave splitter 17 is connected to the microwave input 22 of the microwave switch 21, the control input 23 of which is connected to the output 54 of the logic inhibit 51. The microwave output 24 of the microwave switch 21 is connected to the first microwave the input 26 of the second microwave splitter 25, the second microwave input 27 of which is connected to the microwave output 38 of the device for generating noise interference 34. The microwave output 28 of the second microwave splitter 25 is connected to the microwave input 30 of the output microwave amplifier 29, input phase modulation 31 which is connected to the second output 50 of the phase modulator 47. Microwave output 32 in a microwave amplifier 29 is connected to the transmitting antenna 33.

 The output 37 of the inhibit signal of the device for generating response noise interference 34 is connected to the input of the inhibit 53 of the logic inhibit 51, the signal input 52 of which is connected to the output 72 of the logical signal processing device 67. The output 42 of the signal of the presence of regular pulsed radiation from the registration device of pulsed and continuous sounding signals 39 is connected with the first information input 61 of the control and temporary programming device 60, the second output 64 of which is connected to the control input 77 of the second driver low frequency modulating voltage 76. The output 43 of the signal of the presence of regular continuous radiation of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals 39 is connected to the second information input 62 of the control and temporary programming device 60, the third output of which 65 is connected to the control input 74 of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 73. Input control 48 of the phase modulator 47 is connected to the fourth output 66 of the control device and temporary programming 60. The second input 69 of the device l Logic signal processing 67 is connected to the output of the modulating pulse 58 of the gate driver and the modulating pulses 55. The third input 70 of the signal processing device 67 is connected to the output 75 of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 73. The fourth input 71 of the signal processing device 67 is connected to the output 78 of the second driver low-frequency modulating voltage 76.

 The proposed automatic response interference station operates as follows.

 It should be noted that the proposed construction of the station opens up wide and diverse possibilities for its use, and the station’s operation mode substantially depends on the stage of attack of the protected object by means of destruction and the type of sounding radar signal, as well as the number of radars accompanying the object. Therefore, it will be necessary to consider several characteristic modes and features of the proposed interference station.

 First, let the radar of the weapon control system of the destruction weapon work in the search mode of the target, "pre-capture" and the choice of target for tracking. In this case, on the control command supply terminal 79, the control signal corresponds to a logic zero level (the logical unit signal on the control command terminal 79 is supplied from external means for assessing the attack phase - optical surveillance means, radio intelligence or other means - only after the launch of a missile system missile , and the specified launch can be carried out only after the transition of the radar to the tracking mode of the protected object). In the radar target search step, when the control signal is logic 0 at terminal 79, the signal at the control input 36 of the noise response generator 34 is also logic zero, and the operation of the noise response generator 34 is not prohibited. The radar probe signal received by the receiving antenna 1 of the jamming station from the third microwave output 6 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 is transmitted to the microwave input 35 of the device for generating response noise interference 34, the carrier frequency of the sounding signal is determined, its parameters are analyzed and the response signal is allocated to the interference modulation - for example, noise. Determination of the carrier frequency of the probing signal can be carried out, for example, by the search method - see: A. I. Paly. Electronic warfare. - M., Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1981, p. 49, fig. 1.27. At the microwave output 38 of the device for generating response noise interference 34, an aiming frequency response signal will be generated, modulated, for example, by the noise that is supplied to the second microwave input 27 of the second microwave sweeper 25, and, through the specified second microwave illuminator 25, to The microwave input 30 of the output microwave amplifier 29. After amplification in the output microwave amplifier 29, the interfering signal is emitted by the transmitting antenna of the jamming station 33.

 During operation of the device for generating response noise interference 34, a signal with a logic level is generated at its output 37 of the inhibit signal. This signal is transmitted to the inhibit input 53 of the inhibit logic element 51 and prohibits the transfer of any modulating voltages to the output 54 of the indicated inhibit logic element 51. As a result, the control input 23 of the microwave switch 21 remains logic zero, and the microwave switch 21 does not transmit Microwave signals from its microwave input 22 to the microwave output 24. Microwave signals to the first microwave input 26 of the second microwave luminaire 25 are not received, and the specified microwave luminaire transmits to the output only the microwave signal generated by the device for creating noise response interference 34.

 Now let the target tracking radar go into tracking mode of the object protected by the jamming station, and the missile launches, detected by external launch detection devices (for example, optical - via a rocket torch, or radio engineering). A control signal of a logical unit appears on terminal 79 to issue a control command. This signal is fed to the control input 36 of the device for creating response noise interference 34 and blocks the operation of this device. The signal at the output 37 of the inhibit signal 53 of the logic element 51 is removed, and the indicated inhibit element 51 is now able to transmit modulating signals from its signal input 52 to the output 54.

When the radar is in target tracking mode and when the missile is guided, the emission of noise interference can be not only ineffective, but also harmful, since the guidance of the missile to the source of noise interference is possible. The proposed response interference station in this case goes into the mode of creating response simulation interference, the type and parameters of which depend on the type of the probing signal. Therefore, at first, the station, using the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals 39 included in it, determines what type of sounding signals the radar has that regularly accompanies the protected object. This is done as follows: the probe radar signal received by the receiving antenna 1 of the interference station is transmitted to the fourth microwave output 7 and the fifth microwave output 8 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2. The microwave signal, which is transmitted to the fifth microwave output 8, is then transmitted to The microwave input 45 of the amplitude detector 44. The continuous microwave signal generated at the microwave input 45 of the amplitude detector by receiving probing radar signals with continuous radiation does not lead to significant changes at the output 46 of the amplitude detector 44 due to the smallness of The average power of continuous-wave radar signals. The probe signals of the pulsed radar will create video pulses at the output of the amplitude detector 46 that correspond to the envelope of the microwave pulse of the pulsed radar. Thus, the following voltages will be supplied to the inputs of the pulse and continuous sounding signals recording device 39: to the microwave input 40, the total microwave signal coming from the fourth microwave output 7 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2 and used to register the tracking radar signals with continuous (quasi-continuous) radiation; to the video input 41 - video pulses from the output 46 of the amplitude detector 44, which are used to register radar tracking signals with pulsed radiation. Depending on which probe signal is received by the receiving antenna 1, there may be the following combinations of high voltages at the outputs 42 and 43 of the pulse and continuous probe signals registration device 39:
- sounding signals are absent (or their power level is lower than the sensitivity threshold of the recording device). In this case, at both outputs 42 and 43, the signals correspond to a logical zero;
- the signal of the pulsed radar (radars) tracking is received. In this case, the signal at the output 42 corresponds to a logical unit, and at the output 43 to a logical zero;
- a tracking radar signal with continuous or quasi-continuous radiation is received. In this case, the signal at the output 42 corresponds to a logical zero, at the output 43 - to a logical unit;
- signals of two or more tracking radars with different types of sounding signal are received - pulsed and continuous (quasi-continuous). In this case, the signal at the output 42 and at the output 43 corresponds to the level of a logical unit.

 Similar combinations of input signals will be at the information inputs 61 and 62 of the control and temporary programming device 60, connected directly to the outputs of the device for recording pulse and continuous sounding signals 39 directly. Each of the combinations of input signals at the first 61 and second 62 information inputs of the control device and temporary programming 60 will correspond to a special mode of operation of the proposed response interference station.

Let the protected object be accompanied only by radar (radars) with pulsed radiation. In this case, a logical unit signal is present at the first information input 61 of the control and temporary programming device 60, and a logic zero signal is present at the second information input 62. With this combination of input signals, the control and temporary programming device 60 maintains a constant logic zero level in the third 65 and fourth 66 outputs. At the first 63 and second 64 outputs of the control and temporary programming device, paraphase control voltages are generated having a period of T _{C. And} = T _UV.I + T _UG.I , where T _{C. And} is the duration of the interference to the range of the radar auto-range finder (for example, range interference range meter pulsed radar), T _UG.I - the duration of the time interval for creating interference to the goniometric coordinator of the pulsed radar. During the interval T _UV.A logical unit is present on the first output 63 of the control device and temporary programming 60; the second output 64 at this time produces a voltage with a logic level of zero. During the time interval T _UG.A logical unit is generated at the second output 64; at the first output 63, the voltage at this time is logical zero.

During the interval T _U.V. (having the order of a second), the signal of the logical unit from the first output 63 of the control and temporary programming device 60 is fed to the control input 57 of the gate and modulating pulses 55. Video pulses from the output of the amplitude detector 44 are received at the video input 56 of said shaper 55 . During the time interval T _{UV. And the driver} of the gating and modulating pulses 55 in response to each input video pulse generates a synchronous gating pulse (for example, a duration of 4 ^o C5 μs) at the output of the gating pulse 59 and a shorter pulse at the output of the modulating pulse 58. The delay of the front of the modulating pulse generated at the output of the modulating pulse 58 of the gate driver and the modulating pulses 55 during the interval T _{UV. And} smoothly changes from a certain initial value close to zero to a maximum value of t _s.max . If the duration of the strobe pulse at the output of the strobe pulse 59 of the driver of the strobe and modulating pulses 55 are equal, and the duration of the modulating pulse at the output of the modulator pulse 58 of the driver of the strobe and modulating pulses 55 is equal to, then.

The strobe pulse from the output of the strobe pulse 59 of the driver of the strobe and modulating pulses 55 is fed to the control input II of the short-term reproduction device of the carrier frequency 9. At the microwave input of the short-term reproduction frequency 9 device from the first microwave input 4 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2, a probe radar pulse duration having a frequency f ₁ . The device for short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency 9 in the presence of a signal of a logical unit at the control input II allows you to maintain on the microwave output 12, the microwave signal of the same carrier frequency f ₁ for the duration of the strobe. A microwave pulse with a filling frequency of f ₁ lasts at the first microwave input 18 of the first microwave splitter 17 and is transmitted through the indicated microwave splitter to the microwave input 22 of the microwave switch 21. The modulating pulse from the output of the modulating pulse 58 of the gate and modulating pulses 55 are fed to the second input 69 of the logical signal processing device 67, transmitted to the output of the logical signal processing device 72, then fed to the signal input of the logic inhibit element 51, transmitted through it, and output 54 of the prohibition element 51 is fed to the control input 23 of the microwave switch 21. As a result, during the duration of the modulating pulse, the microwave switch 21 will transmit a microwave signal from the microwave input 22 to the microwave output 24, and from the microwave signal with a duration of 24 The microwave switch 21 will be cut a shorter microwave pulse with a duration having a variable delay with respect to the front of the received sounding microwave pulse of the pulsed radar. A microwave pulse of a duration (close to) from the output 24 of the microwave switch 21 through the second microwave splitter 25 is transmitted to the microwave input 30 of the output microwave amplifier 29, amplified by the specified microwave amplifier and radiated by the transmitting antenna 33. Thus, during the interval time T _{HC. And} a leading interference is created along the range of the rangefinder channel of the pulse tracking radar.

During the time interval T _{U.V. And the} voltage at the second output 64 of the control and temporary programming device 60, and therefore at the control input 77 of the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage, is logic zero. The second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 76 is included; the voltage at its output 78 has a constant value of a logical unit and does not affect the process of creating a guiding pulse of interference.

During the time interval T _{UG. And the} delay of the modulating pulse at the output of the modulating pulse 58 of the gate driver and the modulating pulses is constant and has a value of t _s.max . At the end of the time interval T _{UG.And the} specified delay is abruptly reduced ("reset") to an initial value close to zero. With a modulating pulse delay equal to t _s.max , the radar tracking gate, tracking (in range) interference pulse, occupies such a position when the useful signal (for the radar) reflected from the protected object is outside the radar range gate. This greatly facilitates the interference station to suppress during the time interval T _{UG.I and the} angular coordinator of the pulsed radar, because if there is no reflected signal in the strobe, the interference / signal ratio sharply increases.

During the interval T _{UG. And} at the second output 64 of the control device and temporary programming 60, a signal of a logical unit is generated. When entering the control input 77 of the second low-frequency modulating voltage driver 76, a low-frequency square wave voltage is generated that is close in frequency to the scanning frequency of the pulsed radar beam (for example, smoothly varying in frequency in the range of possible values of the scanning frequency of a pulsed radar). The low-frequency square wave voltage from the output 78 of the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage is supplied to the fourth input 71 of the signal processing unit 67 and performs the amplitude manipulation of the modulating pulses coming from the output of the manipulating pulse 58 of the modulating and strobe pulses 55 to the second input 69 of the signal processing device 67, those. X ₁ - X ₄ . During one half-cycle of the low-frequency modulating voltage, when the voltage level at the output 78 of the second shaper of the low-frequency modulating voltage is logic zero, the modulating pulses pass to the output of the signal processing logic unit 67 as well as at the _tap-off stage (T _UV.I ), i.e. . without loss of amplitude. During another half-cycle of the low-frequency modulating voltage, when the voltage at the output 78 of the second low-frequency modulating voltage generator 76 is logical unit, the transmission of modulating pulses to the output 72 of the signal processing logic unit 67 is interrupted, i.e. the amplitude of the pulses at the output 72 drops to zero. Accordingly, the microwave pulses emitted by the transmitting antenna of the jamming station will be modulated in amplitude (with a 100% modulation depth) by a low-frequency square wave signal having a frequency close to the radar scanning frequency. This false frequency disrupts the goniometric coordinator of the pulsed radar.

Let us now consider another case when the receiving antenna 1 of the jamming station receives a signal of only a tracking radar with continuous (quasi-continuous) radiation of the probe signal. In this case, the voltage at the first information input 61 of the control device and temporary programming 60 is equal to logical zero, the voltage at the second information input 62 is the value of a logical unit. With this combination of voltage input signals at the first 62 and second 64 outputs of the control device and temporary programming 60 are equal to logical zero; the second driver 76 low-frequency modulating voltage is disabled and the voltage at its output 78 is also equal to logical zero; the second driver 76 of the low-frequency modulating voltage is disabled and its voltage at the output 78 is also logical zero. At the third 65 and fourth 66 outputs of the control device and temporary programming 60, a paraphase control voltage is generated in the form of low-frequency square- _wave signals having a period T _Ts.N = T _U.V. + T _UG.N , where T _Ts.N is the duration of a full cycle interfering with a tracking radar with continuous (quasi-continuous) radiation, T _UV.C - the duration of the interference with the target selection channel by the speed of a radar with continuous (quasi-continuous) radiation. In the general case, T _C.N. ≠ T _C.I.

 Since there are no pulsed sounding signals in this case, gating pulses are not supplied to the control input 11 of the short-term frequency reproduction device 9, the short-term reproduction of the carrier frequency 9 is turned off and does not transmit microwave signals from its microwave input 10 to microwave output 12 .

From the second microwave output 5 of the input splitter of the microwave signals 2, a continuous microwave signal with a carrier frequency f _{2 is} supplied to the microwave input 14 of the input microwave amplifier 13, amplified by this microwave amplifier and transmitted through the first microwave splitter 17 to the microwave input 22 of the microwave switch 21. When receiving a probing signal of a radar with continuous radiation from the output 72 of the logical signal processing device 67 through the inhibit logic 51 to the control input 23 of the microwave switch 21, a signal of a logical unit is transmitted. The microwave switch 21 transmits the microwave signal from its microwave input 22 to the microwave output 24. Next, the specified microwave signal is transmitted through the second microwave splitter 25 to the microwave input 30 of the output microwave amplifier 29, amplified by this amplifier and emitted by the transmitting antenna 33. Thus, the relay of the received microwave signal of the radar with continuous radiation (with the complication of the received microwave signal in power) is provided. During the relay process, the microwave signal undergoes phase modulation to create speed-type interference. The creation of such interference is provided as follows. At the time T _UV.C from the fourth output 66 of the control device and temporary programming to the control input 48 of the phase modulator 47 a logical unit signal is supplied. The phase modulator 47 is turned on and begins to generate modulating voltages, providing a speed drift. For example, at its first output 49 a sawtooth voltage is generated with a small reverse stroke and a smoothly varying duration of the forward stroke. At the beginning of the T _U.W. interval, the repetition frequency of such a sawtooth voltage is low (it is on the order of half the transmission of a Doppler radar filter with continuous radiation), and by the end reaches the maximum (for a given range of carrier frequencies and speeds of the protected object) Doppler frequencies. During the interval T _{UG.N, the} frequency of the modulating voltage remains maximum and unchanged. At the end of the interval T _{UG.N, the} frequency of the modulating voltage decreases abruptly (“is reset”) to the initial, minimum value. Changing the frequency from the initial, minimum value to the maximum during the interval T _UV.C provides a simulated false Doppler frequency, and, therefore, the arch of the speed strobe radar with continuous (quasi-continuous) radiation. At the same time, another modulating voltage can be generated at the second output 50 of the phase modulator, which performs phase modulation at the phase modulation input 31 of the microwave output amplifier 29. This can be phase modulation by a low-frequency sawtooth voltage with a fixed frequency (to reduce the “carrier residual” at frequency f ₂ in the spectrum of the output microwave signal) additional modulation by Doppler noise or other types of phase modulation. With the beginning of phase modulation (along the front of the time interval T _UV.C ) at the output 75 of the first _{driver of the} low-frequency modulating voltage 73, the voltage will switch to the level of a logical unit. However, this _shaper does not generate a low-frequency modulating voltage at the stage T _U.C. , and the voltage of the logical unit remains constant until the end of the interval T _U.C. , providing, as noted, the formation of a logical unit at the output 72 of the logical signal processing device 67.

By the end of the time interval T _{U.W., the} false Doppler frequency shift will be maximum. The strobe of the radar speed with continuous radiation is removed from the true value from the Doppler frequency. As a result of this: - The radar received false information about the speed of the object; - the conditions are provided for more efficient interference with the radar coordinate coordinator, since now there is no signal reflected from the object in the radar speed strobe, and very high "interference - signal" ratios are obtained.

At the end of the time interval T _{U. With} voltage on the third output of the device 65 and the fourth output 66 of the control device and the temporary programming 60 is switched. During the next interval, T _UG.N , the voltage at the third output 65 takes a value of a logical unit. This voltage supplied to the control input 74 of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 73, the specified driver is switched to the mode of formation of the meander low-frequency modulating voltage, the repetition frequency of which is close to the scanning frequency of the radar with continuous radiation - for example, changes smoothly during the interval T _UG.N in the range of possible values of the scanning frequency of continuous-wave radars that are counteracted. The generated low-frequency modulating voltage from the output 75 of the low-frequency modulating voltage generator 73 is transmitted to the third input 70 of the signal processing logic unit 67. The signal processing device 67 sends the meanders of the low-frequency modulating voltage generated by the first low-frequency modulating voltage generator 73 to its output 72; further, through the logic inhibit element 73, this voltage is transmitted to the control input 23 of the microwave switch 21. As a result, the relayed microwave signal having a Doppler frequency offset caused by phase modulation with a constant at stage T of the _{UH. The} frequency of the modulating voltage is manipulated in amplitude by the signal generated by the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 73. Such modulation at a false scanning frequency violates the performance of the goniometric radar. It should be noted that, as when considering the counteraction of a pulsed radar, modulation of the type of scanning scanning frequency is considered here as an example, since by the same principle, another type of low-frequency modulating voltage driver can be controlled - noise-like, "flickering", etc.

We now turn to the consideration of the following, most difficult to parse case, when the protected object is accompanied by radars with different types of probed signal - pulse and continuous, i.e. The microwave signal received by the receiving antenna of the jamming station 1 has the form of an additive mixture of a continuous microwave signal with a carrier frequency f ₂ and microwave pulses with a carrier frequency f ₁ . In this case, the level of the logical unit of the signal will be set both at the first information input 61 of the control and temporary programming device 60, and at its second information input 62. At the first 63 and second 64 outputs of the control and temporary programming device 60, paraphase control signals with a period of T _C.I. , at the third 65 and fourth 66 outputs - paraphase voltage with a period of T _C.N.

In this case, interference will first be created with the target selection channel — the target selection channel by the range of the pulsed radar — by creating interference-guiding along the range during the time interval T _UV.I , and the target selection channel by the speed of the radar with continuous radiation — by creating leading to the speed of interference during the time interval T _UV.C. "Parallel" interference at once to two (or several) radars with different types of radiation is provided as follows. With the advent of information signals of a logical unit at the inputs 61 and 62 of the control and temporary programming device 60 (according to the first of these signals or at the moment of their coincidence), signals are generated at the second and third outputs of the device 60, which install at the output 75 of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage 73 and at the output 78 of the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage, a constant, at the time of the creation of the leading interference, the level of the logical unit. The signals with the level of a logical unit with the output of these shapers will go to the third 70 and fourth 71 inputs of the logical signal processing device 67. The first input 68 of this device receives a gating pulse from the output 59 of the driver of the gating and modulating pulses 55. With this combination of input signals, the logical processing device signals 67 generates the following levels of the output signal at the output 72: a) outside the limits of the strobe having a duration, at the output 72 of the logical signal processing device 67 etsya logic one level. Arriving at the input 23 of the microwave switch 21, this output signal provides the relay of the microwave signal of a continuous-wave radar having a carrier frequency f ₂ by an interference station;
b) for the duration of the strobe duration, in the absence of a modulating leading pulse, a logic zero signal is set at the output 72 of the logical signal processing device 67. Thus, in the process of relaying a continuous radar signal, a short “window” is created for counteracting the radar with pulsed radiation. Since the strobe duration is short (it was noted above that it is of the order of 4 ^o C5 μs), the creation of such “windows” in the continuously relayed microwave signal of a continuous-wave radar practically does not impair the energy characteristics of the interference to a continuous-wave radar;
c) during the action of a modulating impulse of the leading interference, to a pulsed radar having a duration, the signal at the output 54 of the logic element 51 again takes on the value of a logical unit. Because A modulating pulse, as was noted, can exist only within a gating pulse, then a pulse of duration having a carrier frequency f ₁ , which is reproduced to create a noise-guiding device by short-term reproduction, will be emitted within a short "window" allocated to emit interference from a pulsed radar carrier frequency 9.

As a result of the indicated logical processing of the modulating signals, the relay signal with continuous radiation with a carrier frequency f _{2 is} relayed almost all the time; however, in the indicated relay signal, in response to each received pulse of the pulsed radar, short "windows" of duration are made within which interference with the pulsed radar is generated by emitting pulses of duration with a carrier frequency f ₁ .

 This feature of the proposed interference station significantly distinguishes it from all known radio-electronic suppression stations and allows for "parallel" suppression of both pulsed radar and continuous-wave radar, without loss of time or the effectiveness of the generated interference.

 After the completion of the stage, interference with the target selection channel begins the stage of counteraction to the angular coordinators of the radar. At this stage, at the outputs 75 of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage and 78 - the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage, meander sequences are used that are used for amplitude manipulation of the relayed signals. Creating a “window” in the relay of a continuous microwave signal allows the processing of signals in a logic processing device so that at the stage of creating interference to the goniometric coordinators, the modulating pulses arriving at the logical signal processing device 67 are modulated only by the signals of the second low-frequency modulating voltage generator supplied from its output 78, and the signal that unlocks the relay path in the gap between the gates is processed only by the output signal of the first low-frequency modulating voltage coming from its output 75.

 As a result, with the joint suppression of radars with different types of probing signals (pulsed and continuous), the effectiveness of the effect of interference on the goniometric coordinator of each of these radars is also reduced.

As a result of the proposed construction of the jamming station, it is provided:
- high adaptive ability of the jamming station both to the type of the probing radar signal and to the combination of the probing signals, and to the stage (phase) of the attack of the protected object by striking means (missile pointing at the protected object);
- high interference efficiency is maintained while simultaneously (“parallel”) suppressing radars with different types of radiation - pulsed and continuous, both at the stage of creating interference to the target selection channel and at the stage of creating interference to the goniometric coordinators.

Claims (1)

An automatic response jammer station comprising a receiving antenna, an input microwave splitter, the microwave input of which is connected to the receiving antenna, a carrier short-term reproducing device, the microwave input of which is connected to the first microwave output of the microwave input splitter, and an input microwave amplifier , The microwave input of which is connected to the second microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals, the microwave switch, the output microwave amplifier, a transmitting antenna connected to the microwave output of the output microwave amplifier, an amplitude detector, f gating and modulating pulse pulser, the video input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude detector, characterized in that it includes a device for generating response noise interference, the first and second microwave splitters, a device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals, a phase modulator, a logic inhibit element, a device control, a logical signal processing device that performs a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₃ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
the first and second drivers of low-frequency modulating voltage, the first microwave input of the first microwave splitter connected to the microwave output of the short-term carrier frequency reproducing device, the control input of which is connected to the first input of the signal processing logic unit, which performs a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₂ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₄ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
and with the output of the strobe pulse of the driver of the gating and modulating pulses, the second microwave input of the first microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output of the input microwave amplifier, the phase modulation input of which is connected to the first output of the phase modulator, the microwave output of the first microwave splitter is connected to the microwave the input of the microwave switch, the control input of which is connected to the output of the logic inhibit element, the first microwave input of the second microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output of the microwave switch, the second microwave input of the second microwave splitter is connected to the microwave output a device for generating a response noise interference, the microwave input of which is connected to the third microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals, the fourth microwave output of the input splitter of the microwave signals is connected to the microwave input of the device for recording pulsed and continuous sounding signals, the output signal of the presence of regular pulsed radiation which is connected to the first information input of the control device, and the output of the signal of the presence of regular continuous radiation with the second information input of the control device, the fifth microwave output the bottom of the microwave signal splitter is connected to the microwave input of the amplitude detector, the output of which is connected to the video input of the pulse and continuous sounding signals recorder, the control input of the device for generating response noise interference is connected to the terminal for issuing the control command, the signal input of the inhibit logic element is connected to the output of the device logical signal processing, performing a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ X ₄ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
the inhibit input of the inhibit logic element with the output of the inhibit signal of the device for generating response noise interference, the first output of the control device is connected to the control input of the gate generator and the modulating pulses, the modulating pulse output of which is connected to the second input of the signal processing logic unit, which performs a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₄ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
the second output of the control device is connected to the control input of the second driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage, the output of which is connected to the fourth input of the logical signal processing device that performs a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₄ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
the third output of the control device is connected to the control input of the first driver of the low-frequency modulating voltage, the output of which is connected to the third input of the logical signal processing device that performs a logical function

where Y is the output signal;
X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₄ signals at the first, second, third and fourth inputs, respectively,
the fourth output of the control device is connected to the control input of the phase modulator, the second output of which is connected to the phase modulation input of the output microwave amplifier.

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