RU207766U1 - Low-frequency modulator of neuroactivity - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model relates to medicine, namely to physiotherapeutic devices for influencing the patient and can find application in neurology and psychotherapy in the treatment of a number of diseases. The task of the utility model is to expand the arsenal of technical means for physiotherapy in the field of neurology. The technical result is an increase in therapeutic capabilities due to the possibility of local self-application without additional control by a medical worker using electromagnetotherapy factors affecting biological tissues. Low-frequency modulator of neuroactivity, containing a rectangular case with connectors and control buttons located at the ends, a microcontroller with a 2.4 GHz radio module, a low-frequency oscillator for generating a harmonic continuous analog signal in the range of 5-100 Hz, recorded in the read-only memory of the microcontroller's ROM in the form of a digital code, at the same time, at the output of the microcontroller, two pulse-width modulated PWM signals are formed, which operate alternately at half the period of the modulating signal and each of them controls the corresponding part of the H-bridge on MOSFET transistors, and the first harmonic of the generated signal is equal to the frequency of the modulating signal, and to restore the signal set in the ROM of the microcontroller, the device contains an analog low-pass filter, which selects the fundamental harmonic at the modulation frequency, while the device is equipped with a headband in the form of a bandage with electrodes attached to it.

Description

The useful model relates to medicine, namely to physiotherapeutic devices for influencing the patient and can find application in neurology and psychotherapy in the treatment of a number of diseases.

In the prior art, a transcranial electromagnetic brain stimulation device is known for treating major depressive disorder in adults who have not been helped by conventional therapy. The method does not require the introduction of electrodes under the skin or through the skull. The energy of electromagnetic pulses is emitted from an inductive emitter worn on the patient's head (Transcranial electrical stimulation, ed., D.P. Dvoretsky, St. Petersburg, RAS Institute of Physiology named after I.P. Pavlov, 1998, pp. 482-487).

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a technique that non-invasively stimulates the cerebral cortex using short magnetic pulses. As well as transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), TMS is sometimes associated with pain (Chen R, Spencer DC, Weston J, Nolan SJ. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of epilepsy = Transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of epilepsy // Cochrane library. - John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2016 .-- August 11.

doi: 10.1002 / 14651858.CD011025.pub2. Archived April 18, 2019).

The study of inhibitory processes in the brain using TMS is possible due to the ability of TMS to excite inhibitory neurons in the cortex. It is important to note that TMS excites central motor pathways through the activation of interneurons, followed by synaptic transmission of excitation to pyramidal neurons. Therefore, any disturbances in synaptic function lead to a decrease in the amplitude and lengthening of the MBP latency. On the other hand, the high sensitivity of the MEP to changes in synaptic activity makes it possible to assess the excitability of the motor system of the brain (cortical excitability), including its excitatory (excitatory) and inhibitory (inhibitory) components.

Known devices for therapeutic effects on the patient's head, based both on EFT and on the combined effects of color and sound therapy.

One of these is described in patent RU 101363, IPC A61N 2/04 Publ. 01/20/2011, as containing a power source and an impact element, including an emitter, which is an integral part of an oscillatory LC - circuit included in the oscillator circuit, a modulator whose output is connected to the oscillator circuit, a low-frequency signal source with a constantly changing frequency and amplitude, and an amplifier power and electroacoustic transducer, made in the form of headphones, worn on the patient's head. The known device for physiotherapy acts on the patient's head with high-frequency electromagnetic oscillations, which are modulated by low-frequency oscillations and simultaneously act on acoustic oscillations. Thus, in the known patented device, high-frequency electromagnetic stimulation is applied to the patient's head.

The disadvantage is the use of an audio player, while the signal source does not have to be tied only to these features of the player.

A patent was also received for a device for the therapeutic effect on the patient's head RU 2696441 C2 IPC A61N 5/06 publ. 2019, which contains a power source and an impact element, including a radiator, which is a component of an oscillatory LC circuit included in the oscillator circuit, a modulator, the output of which is connected to the oscillator circuit, the source of the low-frequency signal, the output of which is connected to the input of the modulator.

Exposure to electromagnetic stimulation is widely used in medicine, both for treatment and for diagnostic purposes. It is known that since November 9, 2020, medical organizations of primary health care have the opportunity to equip and re-equip their institution with equipment according to the list approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated October 19, 2020 No. 1112n , programs of modernization of primary health care ", which contains devices such as myograph, neuromyograph, based also on this principle of action. As a prototype, a neuromyograph device was chosen, the principle of which is described in the following source (source of information https://www.tiaramed.ru/catalog/elektromiografy-elektroneyromiografy/neyromiograf-mbn/. URL. Electronic resource (Date of treatment 01/29/2021). This a device with the possibility of using two electrical stimulators.Moreover, electrostimulators can work both independent and interchangeable, and forming stimuli with a delay relative to each other for the formation of "conditioning" stimuli.The disadvantage of the known device is its limitation in action only by diagnostics and the impossibility of its portable implementation.

Based on the principle of obtaining inhibitory responses using TMS, taking into account the suppression of spontaneous muscle activity after presentation of such a stimulus - excitation by electromagnetic induction (a method called the Cortical Silent Period), the authors have established the possibility of not only assessing long-latent cortical intibi- nation (GABA-B ), but also take into account that this type of inhibitory function is most sensitive to disturbances in the activity of the basal ganglia, for example, in extrapyramidal disorders, dystonia, Parkinson's disease and other lesions of the basal structures. All this allowed the authors to determine the necessary and sufficient modes of positive impact on the indicated brain structures and, on the basis of these data, to create a device for transcranial electromagnetic stimulation (TES) of the brain.

The task of the utility model is to expand the arsenal of technical means for physiotherapy in the field of neurology. The technical result is an increase in therapeutic capabilities due to the possibility of local self-application without additional control by a medical worker using electromagnetotherapy factors affecting biological tissues.

The technical result is achieved using a low-frequency modulator of neuroactivity containing a rectangular case with connectors and control buttons located at the ends, a microcontroller with a 2.4 GHz radio module, a low-frequency oscillator for generating a harmonic continuous analog signal in the range of 5-100 Hz, recorded in the read-only memory of the microcontroller's ROM in the form of a digital code, while at the output of the microcontroller two pulse-width modulated PWM signals are formed, which operate alternately at half the period of the modulating signal and each of them controls the corresponding part of the H-bridge on MOSFET transistors, and the first harmonic of the generated signal is equal to the frequency of the modulating signal , and to restore the signal specified in the microcontroller's ROM, the device contains an analog low-pass filter, which selects the fundamental harmonic at the modulation frequency, while the device is equipped with a headband in the form of a headband with electrodes attached to it.

The device battery is charged on a non-contact basis or via the USB connector.

The generator generates a low frequency sinusoidal signal, which is fed to the electrodes.

The effect on neural structures occurs by imitating the electrical activity of the brain with small currents on the scalp through the electrodes. The cerebral cortex perceives electromagnetic impulses from the cutaneous current and adjusts in frequency, activating the above-mentioned areas of the brain of depressed patients.

Device and filter parameters are shown in Table 1.

Data from a large group of studies with confirmation of the achievement of a positive effect on humans are shown in Table 2.

The device can be controlled directly from the buttons on the side. Indicator LEDs provide information about switching on, starting the program, charging the battery.

The communication protocol of the device with a smartphone or computer is Bluetooth Low Energy.

The operating modes of the generator are programmed and recorded directly into the flash memory of the microcontroller.

Figure 1 shows the headband - General view (item 1).

Each of the people underwent 5 to 10 procedures for 10 minutes at intervals - every other day.

The characteristics and electrical parameters of the device are shown in Table 1.

Table 2 shows the data obtained from the observation of patients.

Data obtained as a result of observation of social activity, sleep of the subjects (interviewing the subjects themselves, their close relatives), conducting tests for intellectual and emotional changes before and after using the device (Szondi test, Luscher test, IQ test), in some cases by fixing changes electroencephalography. Observations were carried out both at the time of exposure and afterwards during the year. There were no negative reviews.

The respondents were of different sex, age and social status. Age from 18 to 72 years old.

Separately, a group of 20 people were observed with consequences after COVID-19, who also had positive effects. This group is not described separately. In addition, a return of smell and taste was noted in 1-2 sessions.

Statistical data, sample of 100 respondents.

1. Decrease in perception of information by ear - increase by 20-30%.

2. Decrease in the perception of information from the text - an increase of 30-40%.

3. Decrease in short-term memory - increase by 40%.

4. Decrease in long-term memory - increase by 20-45%.

5. Loss of associative memory bindings - an increase of 50-55%.

6. Decrease in the ability to formulate a thought - an increase of 35-40%.

7. Decrease in analysis ability - increase by 35-50%.

8. Decrease in the speed of mental reaction - an increase of 75-80%.

9. Decreased ability to empathy - increase by 20-55%.

10. Loss of spatial thinking - an increase of 50-70%.

11. Decrease in self-criticism - an increase of 35-50%.

12. Hypertrophied criticism towards others - a decrease of 70-75%.

13. Increased reaction to external criticism - a decrease of 55-60%.

14. Decrease in muscle tone - increase by 35-40%.

15. Decreased libido - an increase of 30-35%.

16. Distortion of eating behavior - normalization by 30-35%.

17. Decrease in emotional comfort - increase by 75-80%.

18. Decreased ability to fall asleep - increase by 60-65%.

19. Decreased erection - an increase of 45-55%.

20. Decrease in general tone - increase by 25-40%.

The description is based on a study of 100 people. Due to the safety of personal data, the data of the respondents are not indicated. During the study, the placebo method was used, in addition to 30 respondents.

The respondents with placebo showed no incriminations or other positive changes.

Results of exposure: in the group of subjects, all without exception had an improvement in well-being, an increase in balance and calmness, a decrease in the level of emotional experiences.

Claims (1)

Low-frequency modulator of neuroactivity of the brain, containing a rectangular case with connectors and control buttons located at the ends, a microcontroller with a 2.4 GHz radio module, a low-frequency oscillator for generating a harmonic continuous analog signal in the range of 5-100 Hz, which is fed to the electrodes and recorded in a read-only memory ROM of the microcontroller in the form of a digital code, while at the output of the microcontroller two pulse-width modulated PWM signals are formed, which operate alternately at half the period of the modulating signal and each of them controls the corresponding part of the H-bridge on MOSFET transistors, and the first harmonic of the generated signal is equal to the frequency modulating signal, and to restore the signal specified in the microcontroller's ROM, the device contains an analog low-pass filter, which separates the fundamental harmonic at the modulation frequency, while the device is equipped with a headband in the form of a headband with a electrodes enclosed on it.

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