RU2076149C1 - Method of yeast water-soluble autolysate preparing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: microbiological industry. SUBSTANCE: yeast water-soluble lysates were carried out in the presence of oleic acid and sodium hypochlorite taken at amount 0.1-0.3% of weight of absolutely dried yeast. Water-soluble part of autolysate is dried and the end product has amine nitrogen content 6% (not less) and nucleic acid content 3% (not above). Invention can be used in food, perfume industries and in medicine. EFFECT: improved method of autolysate preparing. 3 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the microbiological industry, and more particularly to methods for producing yeast autolysates, and can be used in food and other industries. Known methods for producing yeast autolysates (Sat. El-Registan G.I. Babayan T.L. Phenomenon of autolysis in microorganisms M. CBSTI of the Ministry of Health of the USSR, 1987).

Autolysis processes are carried out at 40-60 ^o C in the presence of various inducers of autolysis of toluene, formaldehyde, ethyl alcohol, antibiotics, etc. However, the depth of autolysis in the known methods is low amine nitrogen, which is the criterion of the process, in autolysates does not exceed 4% and the content of nucleic acids of at least 5% which is not enough for the use of these autolysates in the food industry, medicine and microbiology.

So, in the method for producing autolysates of microorganisms (ed. St. USSR N 1419148, class C 12 N 1/06), unsaturated fatty acids in the amount of 1: 5000-1: 500 wt. calculated on absolutely dry biomass and phosphate ions in an amount of 0.06-0.12 M, the autolysis process is carried out at a temperature of 40-60 ^o C and a pH of 3.5-4.5. The depth of autolysis is low in the amount of amine nitrogen in the autolysate does not exceed 4% and the content of nucleic acids is not less than 5%
In another method (ed. St. USSR N 1027859, class A 23 J 1/18, C 12 D 13/06), the preparation of a water-soluble autolysate is associated with a complex technology for purification of unwanted impurities (primarily nucleic acids), which limits its use .

As the closest analogue, it is proposed to use a method for producing biologically active yeast autolysates by heating the yeast suspension at a temperature of 45-55 ^o C for 2-40 hours in the presence of chemical additives with plasmolytic and antiseptic properties, the allocation of a water-soluble part of the autolysate. A mixture of ethyl acetate and carboxylic acid is used as chemical additives (ed. St. USSR N 552953, class A 23 J 1/18, 1977).

 The aim of the invention is to deepen autolysis and reduce the content of nucleic acids.

 The goal is achieved by using in the process of autolysis of yeast oleic acid in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt. and sodium hypochlorite in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt. calculated on absolutely dry yeast.

Oleic acid has an extremely high injectivity (agent) to yeast biomass and is completely sorbed on the surface of the yeast at a concentration of up to 1.0 wt. on absolutely dry yeast. Subsequent interaction of yeast with oleic acid and at a concentration of 0.1-0.3 wt. actively induces the process of proteolysis of intracellular protein structures and leads to the formation of a significant amount of water-soluble cellular structures of amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates. Water-soluble autolysates are separated from cell residues by separation. The amount of water-soluble substances reaches 50 wt. by weight of the original dry yeast. The amine nitrogen content in the water-soluble autolysate reaches 7% and the nucleic acid content does not exceed 2%. The yeast autolysis process according to the proposed method is as follows: a yeast suspension with a weight fraction of ASD (absolutely dry yeast) of 12-20% is placed in a reactor equipped with a temperature control system and oleic acid in an amount of 0.1-0.3% by weight of ASD and stirred at 45-55 ^o C for 30 minutes to fully bind oleic acid, then sodium hypochlorite in an amount of 0.1-0.3% is added to the mixture to weight ASD and prov ditsya autolysis process at 45-55 ^o C for 10-20 hours. After a suspension of yeast autolysis is sent to separation to separate into a water soluble portion and a residue. The water-soluble part is sent to evaporation and drying, resulting in a water-soluble autolysate with high amine nitrogen and a high yield of water-soluble autolysate.

 Example 1

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisioe is washed with water, brought to a weight fraction of 20% ASD and in an amount of 50 l are placed in a temperature-controlled reactor and 0.02 kg of oleic acid. The mixture is stirred at 50 ^{° C.} for 30 minutes, then 0.03 kg of sodium hypochlorite is added to the reactor and the autolysis process is carried out for 16 hours. At the end of the autolysis process, the yeast suspension is sent to separation separation. The water-soluble portion is then subjected to evaporation and drying. The result is 4.1 kg of water-soluble autolysate with the following indicators, wt. amine nitrogen 6.7; nucleic acids 1.45; carbohydrates 11.6; lipids 8.3; ash 3.5; moisture 8.9.

Example 2. A suspension of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is washed with water, brought to a weight fraction of 15% ASD and placed in a quantity of 100 l in a reactor, 90.04 kg of sodium hypochlorite are added thereto and autolysis is carried out at 55 ^o C for 20 hours. After that, autolysed the yeast suspension is separated on a separator into a water-soluble portion and an insoluble residue. The water soluble autolysate is evaporated and dried. Received 6.2 kg of water-soluble autolysate, in which the content, wt. amine nitrogen 7.1; nucleic acids 1.79; carbohydrates 9.7; lipids 7.1; ash 4.1; moisture 9.1.

 Example 3

A suspension of Saccharomyces Karlsbergis yeast is washed with water, adjusted to a weight fraction of 12% ASD and placed in a quantity of 100 l in the reactor, and 0.04 kg of oleic acid is charged there. The mixture is stirred at 50 ^{° C. for} 30 minutes. Then 0.03 kg of sodium hypochlorite is added to the reactor and autolysis is carried out at 50 ^{° C.} for 15 hours. Next, a water-soluble autolysate is obtained as in Example 1. 4.5 kg of a water-soluble autolysate are obtained with the following indicators, wt. amine nitrogen 6.4; nucleic acids 1.81; carbohydrates 10.4; lipids 6.3; ash 4.1; moisture 8.7.

 Example 4

Candida guillermondii yeast suspension is washed with water, adjusted to a weight fraction of 15% ASD and placed in a quantity of 50 l in the reactor, 0.02 kg of oleic acid is loaded there. The mixture is stirred at 55 ^{° C. for} 30 minutes. Then, 0.02 kg of sodium hypochlorite is added to the reactor and autolysis is carried out at 55 ^{° C.} for 20 hours.

 In the future, obtaining a water-soluble autolysate in example 1. Received 3.4 kg of a water-soluble autolysate with the following indicators, wt. amine nitrogen 6.7; nucleic acids 1.54; carbohydrates 11.6; lipids 7.3; ash 3.7; moisture 8.1.

 Example 5

Candida scottii yeast suspension is washed with water, adjusted to a weight fraction of 20% ASD and placed in a quantity of 100 l in a reactor, where 0.1 kg of oleic acid is added. The mixture is stirred at 50 ^{° C. for} 30 minutes. Then, 0.1 kg of sodium hypochlorite is added to the reactor and autolysis is carried out at 50 ^{° C. for} 15 hours. Subsequently, the production of a water-soluble autolysate with the following indicators, wt. amine nitrogen 6.3; nucleic acids 1.93; carbohydrates 11.7; lipids 9.4; ash 4.2; moisture 8.7.

 Comparative indicators of water-soluble autolysates of Candida guillermondii yeast are given in table. one.

 Comparative indicators of water-soluble autolysates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast according to the proposed method are given in table. 2.

 Comparative indicators of water-soluble autolysates of Saccharomyces Karlsnergis yeast according to the proposed method are given in table. 3.

 From the analysis presented in table. 1-3 data shows that within the concentrations of oleic acid and sodium hypochlorite specified in the claims, the maximum effect is achieved by the depth of autolysis with reaching the value of amine nitrogen up to 7.0 wt. and nucleic acid content less than 2 wt.

 When the content of oleic acid and sodium hypochlorite outside the specified limits of 0.1-0.3 wt. the amount of water soluble autolysate decreases, and its quality deteriorates.

As a control, an example of autolysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast according to the known prototype method is provided: upon receipt of a water-soluble autolysate by heating the yeast suspension at a temperature of 45-55 ^o C for 40 hours in the presence of a mixture of ethyl acetate and carboxylic acid. The content of amine nitrogen in the autolysate was 4.3 wt. and nucleic acids 6.7 wt.

 Thus, the proposed method for producing water-soluble autolysates allows you to increase the depth of autolysis to amine nitrogen of 7 wt. and the content of nucleic acids less than 3 wt. A positive effect of the proposed method is achieved by using in the process of autolysis of oleic acid and sodium hypochlorite in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt. to the weight of absolutely dry yeast.

Claims (1)

A method of producing water-soluble yeast autolysates, comprising heating an aqueous yeast suspension at 45 55 ^° C in the presence of chemical additives, isolating a water-soluble part of the autolysate, characterized in that oleic acid and sodium hypochlorite are used as chemical additives, while the yeast suspension is kept for 30 minutes before autolysis in the presence of oleic acid in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 wt. and then add sodium hypochlorite in an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 wt. calculated on absolutely dry yeast.

Images