RU2071721C1 - Encephalographic helmet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: device has flexible cap made of elastic interlaced ropes with electrodes, ear phones, longitudinal carcass, head rest placed in nodes. The head rest and its nodes are connected with ear phones. The longitudinal carcass is mounted on head rest. Its length is changeable. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of diagnostic examination. 4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, in particular to diagnostic equipment, and is used to install electrodes on the patient's head.

 Known devices for attaching electrodes to the patient’s head [1, 2] To reliably tighten the electrodes to the patient’s head, they are attracted to the head using straps passing under the chin.

 The disadvantage of these devices is that the patient has unpleasant sensations, the chin muscles contract and, in some cases, an electroencephalogram distortion may occur.

 As a prototype, a helmet according to US patent [3] is adopted, which is a device for installing electrodes, in which the electrodes and helmet are pressed to the head using straps passed through the patient's armpits. This scheme unloads the muscles of the chin, but creates additional inconvenience when conducting research, as it fetters the free movement of the head.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of a helmet, convenient to use, with the absence of discomfort in the patient.

 For this, the helmet contains an elastic cap of elastic flagella, electrodes, headphones, a longitudinal frame, a head restraint with a latch, connection points for a head restraint with a lock, and nodes for connecting a head restraint to headphones. The elastic cap is made by interlacing the double elastic flagella that form the cells in which the electrodes are placed, and is fixed on the headrest, headphones and the longitudinal frame.

 The connection unit of the headrest with the headphone contains a bracket pivotally mounted on the headphone and spring loaded relative to the headrest, which provides two degrees of freedom of movement of the headphone relative to the headrest.

 Figure 1 shows a helmet, a General view; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 is the same, rear view; figure 4 is the same side view. Figure 5 and 6 shows the implementation of the node connecting the headphone with the headrest.

 The helmet consists of an elastic cap 1, to which the electrodes 2, earphones 3, the longitudinal frame 4 and the headrest 5 are attached. The wires diverting the biopotentials from the electrodes are conventionally not shown in the drawings.

 Figure 2 shows a cap made of double rubber flagella, part of which (1-1) is located on the head from ear to ear, and part (1-2) from the forehead to the back of the head. Flagella 1-1 and flagella 1-2 are doubled and connected at their intersections so that they form cells that automatically determine the coordinates of the electrodes on the patient’s head, the same for all, regardless of the size of the patient’s head.

 The ends of the flagella 1-1 are fixed on the headphones (figure 2), one ends of the flagella 1-2 are attached to the front of the longitudinal frame, and the other to the headrest (figure 1).

 The longitudinal frame 4 is fixed in the headrest 5 (figure 3) with the possibility of movement relative to it. On the headrest 5 is a latch 6, which sets the position of the longitudinal frame 4 relative to the headrest 5.

 Headphones 3 are connected to the head restraint 5 by brackets 7 with levers 8. Each of the levers 8 is a frame, one end of which is pivotally connected to the head restraint using the axis 9, the other end of the frame is provided with an axis 10, an opening 11, in which the bracket base is freely rotated 7.

 The bracket 7 is spring-loaded relative to the levers 8 by the springs 12, which also ensure that the headphones 3 are pressed against the patient’s head. The lever 8 is rotated relative to the axis 9 and is fixed in a predetermined position by a nut 13.

 In another embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the brackets 7 are connected to the head restraint by means of an elastic frame 14, which is capable of longitudinal movement relative to the head restraint 5. The selected position of the elastic frame 14 is fixed by the clips 15. The elastic frame 14 also serves as a spring that compresses the headphones to the patient’s head.

 The helmet is operated as follows. Before installation, the head size from the bridge of the nose to the occipital cavity is measured. The length of the longitudinal frame 4 is determined and set. The length of the longitudinal frame 4 is changed by pressing the latch button 6. The longitudinal frame 4 is provided with marks for determining the length. When changing the length of the longitudinal frame, the flagella 1-1, located on top of it, slide along it, and 1-2 are stretched or compressed. A proportional change in the distance between the electrodes and the preservation of their location coordinates is ensured by dual flagella.

 Next, the position of the levers 8 with nut 14 is set. Figure 2 shows the position of the lever 8 for the average size of the head. The angle of rotation of the lever is selected depending on the size of the head, fixed.

 In the second embodiment, the position of the headphones 3 relative to the headrest 5 is adjusted by extending the elastic frame 14. After that, the helmet is put on the patient’s head.

 Compared with the known devices for mounting electrodes on the patient’s head, this helmet has the following advantages: it has one size, the helmet design is such that it can be of any size on one copy, depending on the size of the patient’s head, changing the size of the helmet outside the patient does not cause he worries, the internal volumes of the headphones and headrest allow you to equip the helmet with the systems necessary to ensure the autonomous operation of the electroencephalograph.

Sources of information taken into account:
1. SU, author's certificate N 676273, cl. A 61 B 5/04, 1979.

 2. GB, patent N 2139502, class. A 61 B 5/04, 1989.

 3. US patent N 4085739, class. F 61 B 5/04, 1978 prototype.

Claims (4)

 1. An electroencephalographic helmet containing an elastic cap made by interlacing elastic flagella, in the nodes of which electrodes and a longitudinal frame and headphones are placed, characterized in that a headrest and nodes for connecting the headrest to the headphones are inserted into it, the elastic cap is fixed to the headrest and headphones, and the longitudinal the frame is mounted on the headrest with the possibility of changing its length.  2. The helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that each node connecting the headphone to the headrest contains a bracket pivotally mounted on the headphone and spring-loaded relative to the headrest.  3. The helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the headphones are made with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the head restraint, while the head restraint is equipped with additional clips.  4. The helmet according to claim 1, characterized in that the headphones and the headrest are hollow.

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