RU195059U1 - Integrated downhole photometric device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the oil industry and is designed to carry out operational field-geophysical and hydrodynamic studies at existing wells. The technical result of the device is to increase the efficiency and profitability of production wells in oil fields, increase the overhaul period of production wells by obtaining the most complete and reliable information. about the reservoir and the produced fluid, increasing the life of the pumping equipment due to the ability to quickly supply the necessary chemical reagents to the bottom of the well according to the results of the measurements. The device contains a housing in which are placed interconnected sub, a receiving unit with a filter for cleaning the well fluid from mechanical impurities before the study, a measuring photometric unit, including a source light radiation, monochromator, sample holder with an inner surface of non-wettable well fluid and photometric se litter (detector) with the ability to determine the properties of the produced oil in reservoir conditions, a thermostat with the ability to maintain a standard measurement temperature or determine the current temperature of the test oil to calculate corrections for the influence of temperature, as well as the flow block. The new device is that it includes a hydrodynamic measurement block with gauge transducer overpressure and temperature. New is that the device includes a moisture meter installed in the unit of hydrodynamic measurements in de sensor that detects the electrical capacity of the borehole fluid. It is also new that the receiving unit with a filter for cleaning the borehole fluid from mechanical impurities is located in the upper part of the housing and includes a system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water, and the flow block is located in the lower part of the housing and includes a system for the remote transmission of measurement results. It is also new that the device includes an armored capillary pipe, rigidly fixed to the device body, for the supply of reagents to the well from the wellhead installation of dosing of reagents.

Description

The utility model relates to the oil industry and is intended for operational field-geophysical and hydrodynamic studies in existing wells.

A known method of researching existing wells and a device for its implementation (RF patent No. 2172826, class ЕВВ 47/00, published on 08.27.2001), including descent along the wellbore installed in the lubricator located at the wellhead, autonomous downhole tool, containing an electronic data storage device, an upstream fluid flow sensor along the wellbore and a programmer with a timer that controls the operation mode to a limiter located below the oil degassing point, measuring and recording flow rates for a given program and lifting device to the wellhead. In this case, the autonomous downhole tool is launched in free fall mode, the bottomhole pressure is additionally measured and recorded according to the specified program by the pressure sensor installed in the autonomous downhole tool, after the measurements, the fluid flow is blocked by the packer installed in the autonomous downhole tool that is activated by an electric signal from the programmer at a given time, and carry out the rise of an autonomous downhole tool in the mode of its ascent to the mouth under pressure down on him.

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to transmit measurements at the bottom of the well in real time, in addition, this device does not have the ability to measure the optical parameters of oil and the full hydrodynamic characteristics of the bottomhole formation zone.

A well-known depth station for measuring the parameters of producing oil and gas wells (RF patent No. 2246003, class E21B 47/00, G01 V 1/40, published 10.02.2005), containing a measuring capacitance and placed in it a tachometer generator and sensors pressure and temperature, which is installed at a distance of one tubing from the production pump, where the pressure exceeds the saturation pressure, that is, in a single-phase fluid flow, and acts as a coupling, and at a distance of two tubing from the depth station in an additional hydrostatic pressure sensor is installed on the connection sleeve.

The disadvantage of this invention is the low reliability of the obtained values of the measured values, the inability to measure the optical parameters of the oil and the hydrodynamic characteristics of the bottomhole formation zone.

There is a device for controlling the depth parameters during the operation of the well (RF patent No. 2270918, class E 21 B 47/00, publ. 02.27.2006), including a winch with a wireline cable, wellhead equipment, a ground measuring system and a downhole tool unit . At the same time, the downhole instrument unit is made in the form of a system of measuring modules connected in series through pipe sections, the upper of which is connected through a transitional perforated chamber to the bottom of the riser for production of the well, and the number of modules is n-1, where n is the number of reservoirs wells. In addition, when operating a well with increased wellhead pressure, the transitional perforated chamber is rigidly connected to the bottom of the tubing, and during mechanized operation of the well, the transitional perforated chamber is mounted on the lower end of the tubing under the pump intake.

The disadvantages of this device are the difficulties with the descent of the device into an operating well to the required depth on the geophysical cable due to the availability of downhole pumping equipment and the presence of curvature of the well profile even when simultaneously descending with tubing and a pump, considerable time spent on joint tripping the operation of this device and downhole equipment, the inability to measure the hydrodynamic properties of the bottomhole formation zone and the optical properties of oil, bottom the reliability of measuring downhole parameters both in a single-layer and in a multi-layer production facility.

A device for monitoring parameters during the operation of an intellectual well (RF patent No. 2581852, class ЕВВ 47/06, published on 04/20/2016), including submersible equipment and ground equipment connected to submersible equipment. Submersible equipment contains an optical temperature and pressure measuring sensor located in the holder and equipped with a submersible fiber-optic cable, and ground-based equipment contains a system for processing, monitoring and storage of information, constant monitoring of temperature and pressure, equipped with a ground-based fiber optic cable connected via a sealed coupler to a submersible fiber-optic cable , and including an operator station and an optoelectronic unit that provides information processing for constant temperature monitoring and pressure and having the ability to interact via wireless communication with the operator’s post, providing control and storage of temperature and pressure monitoring parameters, while the optoelectronic unit is installed in a protective case equipped with heating and air conditioning and autonomous power supplies.

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of technological feasibility of using this device in wells in oil fields, the inability to measure the hydrodynamic properties of the bottomhole formation zone and the optical properties of oil, the high cost and high technological requirements for reliable operation of downhole equipment.

A well-known photometric device (patent for a utility model of the Russian Federation No. 122434, class E21B 47/00, publ. 11/27/2012), adopted for the prototype. This device consists of a housing, an adapter, a receiving, measuring photometric and flip blocks, a communication channel block, a power supply, a data storage unit, and a measuring photometric block includes a light source, a monochromator, a sample holder and a photometric sensor (detector) with the ability to determine the properties of the mined oil in reservoir conditions, primary processing and data transmission to the surface for approximation with geological and field data, while the receiving unit contains a filter with possible it is possible to prevent the ingress of mechanical impurities into the device, and in the photometric block the inner surface of the sample holder is configured to prevent wetting by well fluid, the device including a thermostat with the ability to maintain a standard temperature for measuring or determining the current temperature of the test oil to calculate corrections for the effect of temperature.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to perform hydrodynamic studies in the well with pressure measurement and pressure changes in the dynamics, as well as the water content of the well products. In addition, the use of a receiving unit at the bottom of the device requires additional equipment for forcing the investigated oil up to the flow line. And also in the design of the device there is no system for remote transmission of measurement results to the surface and a system for supplying liquid chemicals to the bottom of the well to prevent complications during operation in order to increase the overhaul period of the well.

The technical task of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of preparing wellbore samples for research to determine and record their optical parameters in a given wavelength range, the ability to measure the main hydrodynamic parameters at the bottom of the well (pressure, pressure change in dynamics, temperature, temperature change in dynamics) in addition, the measurement of water cut in the borehole products, as well as providing remote transmission of measurement results to the surface and delivery to the bottom of liquid chemicals and compositions to prevent complications during well operation.

The technical task is solved by the proposed integrated downhole photometric device.

The device comprises a housing in which are placed interconnected sub, a receiving unit with a filter for cleaning the well fluid from mechanical impurities before the study, a measuring photometric unit including a light source, a monochromator, a sample holder with an inner surface of non-wettable well fluid and a photometric sensor (detector) with the ability to determine the properties of oil produced in reservoir conditions, a thermostat with the ability to maintain a standard measurement temperature I or determining the current temperature of the test oil to calculate corrections for the influence of temperature, as well as the flow block.

New is that the device includes a hydrodynamic measurement unit with a strain gauge transducer overpressure and temperature.

New is that the device includes a hydrometer installed in the unit of hydrodynamic measurements in the form of a sensor that fixes the electrical capacity of the borehole fluid.

New is the fact that the receiving unit with a filter for cleaning well fluid from mechanical impurities is located in the upper part of the body and includes a system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water, and the flow unit is located in the lower part of the body and includes a system for remote transmission of measurement results.

Also new is the fact that the device includes an armored capillary pipe, rigidly fixed to the device body, for supplying reagents to the well from the wellhead reagent dosing unit.

With the fountain method of operation, the device can be lowered into the well on a rigid wireline or tubing string. With a mechanized method of operation, the device is installed directly under the pump.

The proposed integrated downhole photometric device is illustrated by the drawing in FIG. 1.

The device (Fig. 1) has a special casing in which the following main elements are placed interconnected: 1 - sub; 2 - a receiving unit with a filter for cleaning downhole fluid from mechanical impurities before the study and a system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water; 3 - measuring photometric unit, including a light source, a monochromator, a sample holder with an inner surface of non-wettable well fluid and a photometric sensor (detector) with the ability to determine the properties of produced oil in reservoir conditions, a thermostat with the ability to maintain a standard measurement temperature or determine the current temperature of the studied oil for calculation of corrections for the influence of temperature; 4 - flip block with a reset system, an automation system, a system for remote transmission of measurement results, a storage system and a power system; 5 - a unit of hydrodynamic measurements with a strain gauge transducer of excessive pressure and temperature, as well as with a hydrometer sensor, fixing the electrical capacity of the well fluid; 6 - strain gauge sensor overpressure and temperature; 7 - a moisture meter sensor, fixing the electrical capacity of the well fluid; 8 - armored capillary pipeline, rigidly fixed to the device body, for supplying reagents to the well from the wellhead installation of dosing of reagents.

The receiving unit 2 includes a filter, a system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water, water absorbers and a gas separator, taps for discharging water and gas, a dosing system. The filter is designed to exclude the possibility of mechanical impurities entering the device. The system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water is a vertical cylindrical tank with a 1-2 hour sludge and a discharge of about 50% of the lower volume of the oil-water mixture into the flow line. Water absorbers and a gas separator are designed for further preparation of well fluid and can be stationary devices in the form of hydrophobized membranes, adsorbents, or other devices. The dosing system provides a dosed supply of oil prepared for the measurements to the measuring photometric unit 3. For measurements of the light absorption coefficient (CSP) under laboratory conditions, a small amount of the prepared oil is sufficient (0.010-0.020 grams), which is quite achievable during measurements and in borehole conditions.

The measuring photometric unit 3 includes a light source, a prism (monochromator), a sample holder and a photometric sensor (detector), as well as a temperature control system to maintain a standard measurement temperature. The light source is designed to initialize the light beam and feed it into a prism (monochromator). Prism allows you to form a light beam of a given wavelength and apply it to the sample holder to determine the optical properties of the studied oil in reservoir conditions. The photometric sensor allows you to measure the optical properties of oil, as well as perform initial processing to transfer data to the device’s storage system. Further, using a system for remote transmission of measurement results, it transfers them to the surface for approximation with geological and field data. The inner surface of the sample holder is made of material with the possibility of preventing wetting by the well fluid.

The flow block 4 is a complex element of the device and consists of: a system for discharging the studied oil, separated gas and water; automation systems, systems for remote transmission of measurement results, storage systems and power systems. The automation system is designed for automatic operation of the entire device. The remote transmission system is designed to transmit the results of hydrodynamic and optical measurements from the storage system to the day surface via an acoustic or electromagnetic communication channel. The storage system is intended for the collection and primary processing of the results of hydrodynamic and optical measurements, as well as their storage until downloading after lifting the device to the surface. The power system supplies electric energy to the device for its uninterrupted operation and can be equipped with a voltage stabilizer, power transformer, battery compartment with chemical energy sources and other devices of the electrical circuit.

The unit of hydrodynamic measurements 5 includes a strain gauge transducer for overpressure and temperature 6, as well as a moisture meter 7, which fixes the electrical capacity of the well fluid. This unit is designed to perform hydrodynamic studies in a well with pressure measurement, pressure changes in dynamics, temperature, temperature changes in dynamics, as well as to determine water cut in well products.

Armored capillary pipeline 8 is designed to supply reagents to the well from the wellhead installation of the dosing of reagents. The use of an integrated borehole photometric device with an armored capillary pipe 8 is recommended for use in wells in fields complicated by the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and scale deposits on deep pump equipment. To use this modification of the device, it is necessary to use a reagent dosing unit at the wellhead.

Integrated downhole photometric device operates as follows.

Sub 1 for connection to the tubing string, or with a pipe below the deep pump equipment or with a geophysical cable, is used when the device is lowered into the well on the tubing string or directly under the pump. Products from the well enter the receiving unit 2 (indicated by an arrow in Fig. 1), pass through a filter to clean the well fluid from mechanical impurities, then using the preliminary gravity separation system, the oil is separated from the water, and the final preparation is carried out by complete dehydration and separation. Next, the prepared oil enters the measuring photometric unit 3, where the actual optical parameters are actually measured.

The measuring photometric unit 3 includes a light source, the light of which passes through a prism (monochromator) to form a light beam of a given wavelength. A monochromatic light beam of light is directed through the test oil, enclosed in a sample holder and enters the photometric sensor (detector). The working length of the sample holder is automatically adjusted up to the creation of an ultra-thin film of the test fluid to accurately determine the optical properties of the test oil. Monochromatic light passes through the oil, is partially reflected and partially absorbed, the intensity of the transmitted light beam is measured by a photometric sensor (detector). A thermostat is included in the design of the measuring photometric unit 3 of the device to maintain a standard temperature for measuring the optical properties of oil. A light source should allow creating a wide spectral range of electromagnetic radiation: a wavelength of 400-900 nm is recommended for oil with a low density, a wavelength of 400-500 nm for oil with a high density. The light radiation source has the function of automated selection in the test mode of the spectral range of electromagnetic radiation and the working length of the sample holder.

In the flow unit 4 in real time, the results of optical measurements are received, as well as the data of hydrodynamic measurements and the obtained values are stored in the memory module of the storage system for processing and storage. Then, using the communication module of the remote transmission system, the measurement results are transmitted to the surface in an external software package for correlation with the characteristics of the wells and other indicators of field development. After analyzing the measurement results, the external software package also provides feedback with the device and the deep pump equipment located in the well to correct the mode and parameters of its operation. Also, oil after research from the measuring photometric unit 3 together with the separated gas and water from the receiving unit 2 is supplied to the flow unit 4 and is disposed of in the borehole space through a check valve system (indicated by an arrow in Fig. 1).

The unit of hydrodynamic measurements 5 can work in parallel with the measuring photometric unit 3 and allows you to perform various hydrodynamic studies depending on the current operating mode of the producing well (indicator charts, pressure recovery curves, hydraulic listening), as well as to evaluate the water cut of the well production using a moisture meter 7.

Armored capillary pipeline 8 is used in fields complicated by the formation of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits and scaling on deep pump equipment in order to supply reagents to the well from the wellhead reagent dosing unit. The use of an integrated downhole photometric device with an armored capillary pipe 8 is possible only with the installation of dosing of reagents at the wellhead.

This device allows for continuous comprehensive studies of reservoir fluids and the state of the bottomhole formation zone directly in the borehole environment, to provide reliable and correct measurement results due to the research automation system and to obtain reliable data about the reservoir system in real time.

The technical result of the device is to increase the efficiency and profitability of production wells in oil fields, increase the overhaul period of production wells by obtaining the most complete and reliable information about the reservoir and produced fluid, increase the operating life of the deep pump equipment due to the possibility of prompt supply of the necessary chemicals to bottom hole according to the results of measurements.

Claims (4)

1. A complex downhole photometric device consisting of a housing in which interconnected sub is placed, a receiving unit with a filter for cleaning the well fluid from mechanical impurities before the study, a measuring photometric unit including a light radiation source, a monochromator, a sample holder with an inner surface of a non-wetted well fluid and a photometric sensor (detector) with the ability to determine the properties of oil produced in reservoir conditions, a thermostat with the ability maintaining a standard measurement temperature or determining the current temperature of the test oil for calculating corrections for the influence of temperature, as well as a flow unit, characterized in that it includes a hydrodynamic measurement unit with a strain gauge transducer for overpressure and temperature. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it includes a hygrometer installed in the unit of hydrodynamic measurements in the form of a sensor that fixes the electrical capacity of the well fluid. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving unit with a filter for cleaning the wellbore fluid from mechanical impurities is located in the upper part of the body and includes a system of preliminary gravitational separation of oil from water, and the flow unit is located in the lower part of the body and includes a remote transmission of measurement results. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that it includes an armored capillary pipe, rigidly fixed to the body of the device, for supplying reagents to the well from the wellhead installation of the dosing of reagents.

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