RU184214U1 - Probe for ionometry - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to medicine (surgery, gynecology), namely to probes for ionometry, and is intended to diagnose and evaluate the result of treatment of various cavities, inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs, as well as to diagnose and predict the development of female infertility due to intrauterine diseases, accompanied by the development of local violations of the acid-base state. The proposed probe for ionometry, allows performing ionometry in various pathological cavities yakh (cysts, abscesses, etc.), in the cervical canal and uterine cavity.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to medicine (surgery, gynecology), namely, to probes for ionometry and is intended to diagnose and evaluate the result of treatment of various cavities, inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs, as well as to diagnose and predict the development of female infertility due to intrauterine diseases, accompanied by the development of local violations of the acid-base state.

In medical practice, sounding is used for various purposes: to study the size and shape of pathological and physiological cavities, to take material for laboratory and cytological studies. These types of studies allow us to assess the morphological and physico-chemical changes characteristic of the focus of inflammation (hyperoncia, hyperosmia, hyperkalemia, acidosis).

In gynecological practice, in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the vagina, modern methods of pH metering are used, including the use of pH probes. It has been proven that without pH metering it is impossible to study the microecology of the vagina, given the role of vaginal acidity in maintaining biological homeostasis. However, it should be noted that the determination of physico-chemical changes in inflammatory diseases of the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes has not yet become routine.

There are various probes for ionometry used to probe the cervical canal and uterine cavity in order to diagnose endometrial diseases.

A device for diagnosing endometrial diseases by collecting diagnostic material containing a tube, a plate with sharp edges is placed on the working end of the tube, the cavity of which is connected with the tube’s receiving hole, the working end of the tube is curved and equipped with additional holes (patent RU No. 2190976, class. A61B 17/32, 2002).

The disadvantages of this device are:

the limitations of its use due to the fact that the removal of biological material occurs only in the zone of contact of the plate with the surface of the uterus in an area equal to the radius of bending of the working end of the device, which reduces the functionality of this device,

there is no complete sampling of the necessary material from the surfaces of the uterus that are remote from the contact point, which leads to the loss of the test material and a decrease in the reliability of diagnostic studies,

biological material is taken by this device by scraping the endometrial bands from the walls of the uterine cavity and mechanical cutting, which leads to injury to the uterine cavity and causes pain,

the impossibility of ionometry of biological fluids of the vagina, uterus.

Known gynecological probe "DIATEST" for obtaining material for cytological examination, including a handle and a working part with bristles, the bristles have a non-smooth surface, and the working part is close in shape to a truncated cone (RF patent 157878, class A61B 10/02, 2015) .

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are:

the inability to effectively collect biomaterial in one go from the cervical canal and from the outside of the cervix. This is due to the fact that the bristles at the base of the working part, which do not enter the cervical canal, due to their flexibility, do not fit tightly on the outer part of the cervix and deviate in the opposite direction, i.e. the bristles at the base of the working body cannot collect biomaterial from the outer part of the cervix,

with the introduction of injures (scrapes) the mucous membrane of the cervical canal due to the fleecy surface,

It is intended for receiving material for cytological research and is not intended for ionometry,

does not allow to determine the depth of introduction into the internal genital organs;

does not allow to localize the location of the tip of the probe.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a sensing device (pH probe) containing a measuring electrode and a reference electrode connected through a connector and a measuring unit by means of thin metal conductors located inside sealed polymer tubes, and a dielectric mounted on the working end of the measuring electrode tip (RF patent 2251960, according to class A61B 5/00, 2003).

This pH probe is designed to measure pH in the stomach cavity. In this case, the dielectric tip is immersed in the mucus layer, and the pH value is measured above it - from the side of the stomach lumen.

The disadvantages of this device are:

the impossibility of ionometry (pH-metry) directly on the mucous organ or cavity wall,

insufficient rigidity of the device, making it difficult to introduce it into various pathological cavities, into the cervical canal and uterine cavity, especially with a narrow external or internal pharynx,

the inability to assess the depth of introduction of the working part of the device into the cavity, into the cervical canal and uterine cavity.

The technical result solved by the proposed utility model is the creation of a probe for ionometry, which allows performing ionometry in various pathological cavities (cysts, abscesses, etc.), in the cervical canal and uterine cavity and to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prototype.

The technical result in the proposed utility model is achieved by creating an ionometry probe containing a sealed polymer tube, an electrode mounted on the working end of the tube, connected via a metal conductor located inside the sealed tube through a measuring unit with a reference electrode, in which, according to the utility model, the measuring electrode made in the form of a tip of various shapes, a metal conductor is made with a different resistance to bending, and on a sealed polymer th tube made indelible marking the insertion depth.

The presence of a marking of the depth of introduction allows you to perform conventional hysterometry, that is, measure the length of the uterus.

The implementation of the metal conductor in two parts, one of which has a high resistance to bending, and the other has low resistance to bending, allows you to give the working end of the sealed polymer tube of various shapes bends and save them, which facilitates the introduction of the device through the cervical canal into the uterine cavity, and also through fistulous passages and drainages into pathological cavities.

The location of the measuring electrode at the end of the device allows you to take measurements directly on the uterine mucosa or the wall of the pathological cavity.

The measuring electrode is made of materials that allow ionometry, for example, from antimony.

The shape of the measuring electrode is made in the form of a part of a sphere or spindle-shaped.

In women with a narrow external pharynx, an electrode with a diameter equal to the diameter of a sealed polymer tube is used.

In women with a wider external pharynx, it is also possible to use a probe with an electrode larger than the diameter of the polymer tube, which makes it possible to more accurately determine the location of the internal pharynx.

In the study of pathological cavities, a measuring electrode is used for a wide fistulous course or drainage leading to a pathological cavity.

The essence of the proposed utility model is illustrated by the following description of the design and drawings, where

in FIG. 1 shows a probe for ionometry;

in FIG. 2 shows embodiments of a measuring electrode;

in FIG. 3 shows a metal conductor made with a different length resistance to bending;

in FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a metal conductor;

in FIG. 5 shows a graph of the distribution of resistance to bending along the length of a metal conductor;

in FIG. 6 shows a graph of the distribution of resistance to bending along the length of the conductor of FIG. 4.

The sensing device comprises a sealed polymer tube 1, a metal conductor 2 located inside it, having a bending resistance of various lengths, a measuring electrode 3 mounted on the working end of the tube, connected via a metal conductor and connector 4 to the measuring unit 5 and comparison electrode 6. To perform pH-measurement, the measuring electrode 3 is made of antimony.

The metal conductor 2 can consist of two parts, one of which - 7 has a high resistance to bending, and the other 8 - low resistance to bending.

The sealed polymer tube 1 has an indelible marking of the insertion depth 9 at the working end.

The measuring electrode 3 may be in the form of a part of a sphere or spindle-shaped, while the diameter of the electrode 3 is equal to or greater than the diameter of the sealed polymer tube 1.

The choice of the diameter and shape of the measuring electrode depends on the width and shape of the external pharynx of the cervix, the width of the fistulous passage to the pathological cavity.

The work of the proposed probe for ionometry will be considered for the case of pH - ionometry of the uterus and cervical canal.

After installing the vaginal speculum (not shown in Fig.), The width and shape of the external uterine pharynx are evaluated, a probe for ionometry with the corresponding diameter of the measuring electrode is selected.

Using the connector 4 to the measuring unit 5 connect the reference electrode 6.

Holding the device by the sealed polymer tube 1 in the part where the metal conductor with high bending resistance is located, the antimony measuring electrode 3 is fed to the external pharynx of the cervix. In this case, the antimony electrode abuts against the walls of the external pharynx, making it difficult to advance. In this position, according to the readings of the measuring unit 5, the pH value is measured.

Then, with some effort, the measuring electrode is inserted into the cervical canal. Using indelible marking 9 on the sealed tube 1, determine the depth of introduction of the measuring electrode into the cervix. Perform pH measurements at various depths.

The next obstacle to the advancement of the probe occurs when the antimony measuring electrode 3 is in contact with the walls of the internal pharynx. In this position, a pH meter is performed.

Then, with some effort, the antimony measuring electrode 3 is advanced into the uterine cavity. Using marks 9 on the sealed tube 1 determine the depth of introduction of the measuring electrode in the uterine cavity. Perform a pH meter.

A sealed polymer tube 1 is inserted until the stop of the measuring electrode 3 into the mucous membrane of the uterus. In this position, pH-metry on the uterine mucosa is performed. Using labels 9 on the polymer tube 1 determine the length of the uterine cavity.

Then the device is advanced in the opposite direction, if necessary, repeatedly marking the readings of the measuring unit 5 at various depths of the introduction of the measuring electrode 3, determined using marks 9 on the polymer tube 1.

After removing the probe from the cervical canal, the measuring electrode 3 is placed in the posterior vaginal fornix. In this position, a pH meter is performed.

Thus, the proposed design of the probe for ionometry provides simplicity of measuring the concentration of H + ions in the vagina, uterine cavity and cervical canal; on the other hand, it allows standardizing the points of performing ionometry (pH-metry) - external pharynx, cervical canal, internal pharynx, uterine cavity , mucous fundus of the uterus, posterior vaginal fornix.

The application of the proposed utility model can be illustrated by the following clinical observation.

A 27-year-old patient K. contacted the Center for New Medical Technologies LLC (Tula) in February 2017 in the direction of the Tula Regional Perinatal Center to perform an ART program with a diagnosis of infertility 2: tubal-peritoneal factor.

An examination at TsNMT LLC in February 2017 revealed ectropion, chronic cervicitis with focal parakeratosis. Conducted anti-inflammatory therapy and laser photocoagulation of the cervix. On the 15th day of the menstrual cycle, probing and study of the acid-base state of the internal female genital organs were performed using the proposed utility model.

For this, a probe for ionometry was used, the measuring electrode of which has the shape of a part of a sphere with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the sealed polymer tube. Before introducing the ionometry probe, a vaginal mirror is inserted.

Holding the probe by the sealed polymer tube in the part where the metal conductor with high bending resistance is located, the antimony measuring electrode is brought to the external pharynx of the cervix.

In this position, according to the pH meter, the pH level will be measured. Then the measuring electrode of the probe is introduced into the cervical canal.

In the cervical canal at a depth of 1, 2, 3 cm from the external pharynx, pH measurements were performed.

The depth of introduction of the measuring electrode was determined by marking on a sealed polymer tube.

With further management of the device, they felt some obstacle to the introduction, corresponding to the internal pharynx of the cervix. In this position, pH metering was performed.

Then, with some effort, the measuring electrode was inserted into the uterine cavity.

In the uterine cavity at a depth of 5.6 cm from the external pharynx, pH measurements were performed. With the further introduction of the external polymer tube, the end measuring electrode rested on the bottom of the uterus. In this position, the pH level was measured.

Then the device was withdrawn into the vagina by reverse movement. A measuring electrode was placed on the mucosa in the posterior vaginal fornix.

PH measurements were taken, after which the device and vaginal speculum were removed.

The pH values in all departments of the internal genital organs were outside the normal range (Table 1).

According to the results of the study, the patient noted the presence of cervicitis and endometritis, and endometritis. The patient was identified at risk with an unfavorable prognosis of IVF and hysteroscopy with separate diagnostic curettage was recommended.

With hysteroscopy: the uterine cavity is of normal size, the mouth of the fallopian tubes is not peculiar, the walls of the uterus are hyperemic, with the presence of fibrinous plaque, small polypous growths along the front wall. Conclusion: signs of chronic endometritis, endometrial polyposis. Performed curettage of the uterine cavity.

The histological conclusion: chronic endometritis, destroyed glandular fibrous polyp. According to the results of the study, the patient’s diagnosis was corrected: Infertility 2: tubal-peritoneal factor, uterine factor (chronic endometritis).

Claims (3)

1. The ionometric probe, comprising a sealed polymer tube, a metal conductor located inside it, a measuring electrode mounted on the working end of the tube, a connector for connecting to the computing unit mounted on the opposite end of the tube, characterized in that the measuring electrode is made in the form of a tip connected to a metal conductor having a different length resistance to bending, and indelible marking of the insertion depth is made on a sealed polymer tube. 2. The probe for ionometry according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal conductor consists of two parts, one of which has a high resistance to bending, and the other has a low resistance to bending. 3. A probe for ionometry according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring electrode has a shape in the form of a part of a sphere or a spindle-shaped shape, while the diameter of the electrode is equal to or greater than the diameter of the sealed polymer tube.

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