RU1810426C - Dragline excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mining equipment and improves the reliability of a dragline excavator. The rope drive of the dragline excavator bucket is equipped with an automatic rope tensioning mechanism. The mechanism is made of a hydraulic cylinder and a movable unit. The cylinder body is connected to the base machine. The block is mounted on the rod of the hydraulic cylinder with the possibility of interaction with the fixing rope. The one-way throttle control is connected to the cylinder rod. A hydraulic accumulator is connected through the throttle to the working cavity of the latter. When the pressure cable sags, the hydraulic cylinder drops and its stem extends. The rope tension increases. This increases the reliability of the 3Kckavator dragline. 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the mining and construction industries, and is intended to equip dragline excavators when they carry out targeted emptying of the bucket, for example, when loading rock mass into vehicles.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of a dragline excavator by increasing the accuracy and reducing the time required to install a bucket over a vehicle.

In FIG. 1-5 shows an excavator drag line.

The working equipment of the dragline excavator includes (Figs. 3,4,5) boom 1, bipod 2, winch of the fixing cable 3, fixing cable 4, passed through the movable unit 5, mounted on the rod 6 of the hydraulic cylinder 7, the stationary unit 8, and interacting with the buckle yoke fastening assembly 9, the lifting chains 10, the pulling rope 11 and the lifting rope 12.

In addition, the device comprises a hydraulic accumulator 13, the inlet of which is connected to the working cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 7, through a check valve 14 connected in parallel and a single-axis adjustable axial throttle 15, the control element of which is kinematically connected to the cylinder rod 7.

To fill up leaks from the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, the device is equipped with a pump 16, which supplies the working fluid through the non-return valve 17 to the hydraulic accumulator 13. The pressure cavity of the pump is connected to the hydraulic tank 18 via a safety valve 19, and the hydraulic accumulator is connected to the hydraulic tank 18 via a valve 20.

The device operates as follows.

At the moment preceding the start of soil digging, the movable block 5, mounted on the rod 6 of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 7, is pressed against the stops by the tension forces

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rope 4 and takes the lowest position. At the beginning of the digging, at the moment of bucket acceleration, due to the fact that the acceleration of the bucket acceleration exceeds the acceleration of the winch 3 of the fixing rope 4, the fixing rope sags and the movable unit rises under the action of pressure forces acting in the hydraulic cylinder 7, choosing the weakness of the fixing rope.

If, for example, the movable block 5 together with the stationary block 8 forms a double pulley block, then raising the movable block, for example, by 100 mm, leads to the choice of the slack of the fixing rope by 400 mm.

When the rope sags, the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 7 drops and the hydraulic cylinder plunger, together with the cage of the movable blocks 7, is pushed up due to the flow of working fluid from the hydraulic accumulator 13 through the check valve 14 into the hydraulic cylinder 7.

As the winch drive accelerates, the tension force of the cable and the pressure of the working fluid in the hydraulic cylinder 7 increases, the plunger of the hydraulic cylinder lowers and displaces the working fluid through the axial throttle 15 into the hydraulic accumulator 13.

To ensure a smooth lowering of the cage of moving blocks at the moment of stopping and braking the bucket, the axial throttle control is kinematically connected to the hydraulic cylinder rod and when lowering the casing of moving blocks, the passage section of the throttle channel connecting the working cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to the hydraulic accumulator will be reduced, which will allow to slow down the movement piston, with a clip of blocks and to carry out its smooth landing on the stops.

When the speed of the fixing rope becomes greater than the speed of movement of the bucket, the movable unit begins to fall down under the action of the tension of the rope and the speed difference between the winch of the fixing rope and the bucket at this moment will be compensated by an increase in its length.

After lifting and installing the bucket above the transport vessel, the winch drum of the fixing rope is braked and fixed in the space of the attachment unit of the reloading unit of the bucket tensioner. The bucket is unloaded by

at the same time loosening the tow rope and lifting the bucket. The tipping of the bucket is carried out relative to the mounting unit of the unloading unit, which provides targeted unloading of the bucket

into the vehicle.

The use of the proposed device allows, in comparison with the existing ones, to ensure coordinated movement of the rope drive of the bucket and the winch of the fixing rope over the entire range of variation of the speeds of movement of the bucket; to weaken the jerks of the fixing rope and the bucket buckle interacting with it; reduce the likelihood of cable breakage and its descent

winch drum; to reduce the volume of rocks sifting during their unloading, to reduce the duration of unloading, to increase productivity during work in the mode of aimed unloading of rocks into a vehicle by 15-20%.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A dragline excavator comprising a base machine, a bucket boom, and a bucket cable drive including installed on the base machine, a towing winch and a fixed block, a fixing rope interacting with the fixed block, one end of which is connected to the winch and the other to the bucket, characterized in that that, in order to increase the reliability of the dragline excavator, the roll drive of the bucket is equipped with an automatic rope tensioning mechanism made of a hydraulic cylinder, the casing of which is kinematically connected to the base machine, of a movable unit mounted on the hydraulic cylinder rod with the possibility of interacting with a fixing rope, from unilateral adjustable throttle with organ kinematically connected to the hydraulic cylinder rod, and from the hydraulic accumulator connected through a one-way adjustable throttle to the working cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. T / T G / 777 FIG. uh