RU169845U1 - DEVICE-SIMULATOR FOR LESSONS TO RESTORE VISUAL PERCEPTION AND MEMORY IN PATIENTS OF A NEUROLOGICAL CLINIC - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic. For this purpose, a simulator device was created for training to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic, which contains a case made of plastic in the form of a box, the width and length of which are 210 × 297 mm, and the height is 20-30 mm, divided by internal partitions into cells of the same size, an LED is placed in the center of each of them. The control panel and a plastic handle located on the sides of the control panel are rigidly fixed on the upper side of the device. The thickness of the internal partitions of the case is 2-3 mm, while their height is less than the height of the device case by 2-5 mm, on the upper part of the case by means of a bolt connection above the internal partitions there is a plate made of translucent plastic, the size of which corresponds to the size of the case, and the thickness is 4-6 mm. Moreover, 4-8 recesses with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a depth of 2-4 mm are made along the edges of the plate, and a fixing frame made of metal or plastic is movably fixed by means of a swivel joint, 4-6 mm thick. Magnetic locks are rigidly fixed in the lower part of the housing and the fixing frame, and a protrusion handle is installed on the lower side of the fixing frame. On the front of the fixing frame, letters are written on its horizontal parts and on the vertical parts are numbers, on the reverse side of the fixing frame there are protrusions 2-4 mm in diameter and 2-4 mm high with the possibility of entering them in the recesses located at the edges of the plate. On the upper part of the control panel there are buttons for the device on / off switch, simultaneous illumination of all LEDs, dimmer LED brightness control, separate LED backlighting, while the number of separate LED backlighting buttons corresponds to the number of cells with LEDs, and their placement on the control panel corresponds to the order of cells with LEDs in the device case. Letters and numbers are plotted near the separate backlight buttons, similar to the alphanumeric designation of cells. Inside the control panel there is a control unit that is electrically connected to each of the LEDs and the on / off switch of the device, buttons for simultaneous illumination of all LEDs and separate illumination, with a dimmer and battery, also located inside the control panel and electrically connected to the panel located on the side wall control the socket for connecting the charger. The claimed device simulator provides quick and easy formation of tasks of varying degrees of complexity during long courses of restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic and the ability to carry out self-tests of completed tasks due to the structural elements of the device.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Visual impairment and memory impairment occurs in patients of a neurological clinic with lesions of the occipital cortex of various genesis.

Visual perception and visual memory are interconnected mental processes that characterize the work of the visual analyzer at the gnostic and mnestic level.

At present, one of the effective simulators for the development and restoration of visual perception and memory are printed sheets containing images with underexposed parts that need to be finished, resulting in complete images (Developing Perception., Ed. "Pink Elephant", Kostroma, 2015, p. 5).

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it in the course of restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic are: the possibility of only one use of the printed sheet of the simulator, since even when using a pencil followed by erasing with an eraser, traces remain on the sheet of paper; the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient, since the patient can draw only that fragment of the image that is initially absent on the printed sheet of paper presented to him; the impossibility of verifying the correctness of the task, since this simulator does not contain ready-made images that the patient must finish; the difficulty of completing tasks by patients with severe visual memory impairment, since the process of completing drawing is carried out exclusively from memory, without presenting a sample to “revive” the memory images; insufficient number of printed sheets of the simulator with tasks during long courses of rehabilitation training.

Along with this simulator, a simulator in the form of a coloring book is also used to work with visual perception and memory, based on drawing up the missing part of the image based on the sample (Cheerful brush. Educational copy-book, Sibillina Publishing House, Minsk, 2011, p. 13 )

This simulator is a printed sheet containing images that are divided into fragments of a square shape. At the same time, one of the fragments is missing, and several fragments of the image are located next to the image, among which it is necessary to find the missing fragment, then draw it on the image and colorize it.

In contrast to the simulator described above, a fragment of the image is presented in the specified simulator, which it should further draw, so that this task is more accessible for patients with visual impairment and memory impairment.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic are also the possibility of only one use of the printed sheet of the simulator, since even when using a pencil followed by erasing with an eraser, traces remain on the sheet of paper; the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient, since the patient can draw only that fragment of the image that is initially absent on the printed sheet of paper presented to him; the need to close the fragments of the task located on the sheet when completing the patient's memory image; insufficient number of printed sheets of the simulator with tasks during long courses of rehabilitation training.

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, a "simulator device for training to restore visual perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic" was developed.

The task, which is aimed by the claimed device-simulator, is to provide the possibility of reuse of printed materials of the simulator, allowing for the implementation of long courses of rehabilitation training; changing the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient due to the choice of image fragments for drawing and varying the number of image fragments; easy self-verification of the correctness of the completion of the assignment due to the fact that the patient can compare the fragments of the image drawn by him with the image sample.

The technical result of the claimed utility model, provided by its structural elements, is the quick and easy formation of tasks of varying degrees of difficulty during long-term courses of restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic and the possibility of self-testing of tasks.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the simulator device for the restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic contains a case made of plastic, in the form of a box, the width and length of which are 210 × 297 mm, and the height is 20 -30 mm, divided by internal partitions into cells of the same size, in the center of each of them there is an LED, on the upper side of the device’s body the control panel and plastic handle are rigidly mounted on the side On the side of the control panel, the thickness of the internal partitions of the case is 2-3 mm, while their height is 2-5 mm less than the height of the device’s body, a plate made of translucent plastic is installed on the upper part of the body through bolt connections above the internal partitions, the size of which corresponds to the size of the case, and the thickness is 4-6 mm, with 4-8 recesses with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a depth of 2-4 mm made at the edges of the plate, and made of metal or plastic by means of a swivel joint teak is a fixing frame, 4-6 mm thick, magnetic locks are rigidly fixed in the lower part of the housing and the fixing frame, and a protrusion handle is installed on the lower side of the fixing frame, letters are written on the horizontal parts of the fixing frame and numbers on the horizontal parts , on the back side of the fixing frame there are protrusions with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a height of 2-4 mm with the possibility of entering them in the recesses located at the edges of the plate, on the top of the control panel there are buttons of the device on / off switch, simultaneous illumination of all LEDs, a dimmer control for LED illumination, separate LED illumination, while the number of LED separate illumination buttons corresponds to the number of cells with LEDs, and their placement on the control panel corresponds to the order of cells with LEDs in the device case, the letters and numbers are similar to the alphanumeric designation of cells; inside the control panel there is a control unit that is electrically connected to each m of LEDs and buttons On / Off switch device for simultaneous illumination of all the LEDs separate them backlight luminance controller and the battery, also disposed within the control panel and electrically connected to the side wall located on the control panel socket for connecting a charger.

The essence of the utility model "Device simulator for classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the device;

In FIG. 2 is a general view of the device with the locking frame removed;

In FIG. 3 is a general view of the device with the locking frame and the cover plate removed;

In FIG. 4 is a general view of the device with simultaneous illumination by all the included LEDs of the sheet with the task and a blank sheet of paper superimposed on the task;

In FIG. 5 is a general view of the device with separate illumination by LEDs of the sheet with the task and a blank sheet of paper superimposed on the task;

In FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the electrical connection of the elements of the device, which conventionally shows 11 LEDs instead of 24.

The proposed device (see Fig. 1-3) includes a plastic case (1) in the form of a box, divided by internal partitions (2) into cells (3) of the same size, in the center of each of which is an LED (4).

The control panel (5) and the plastic handle (6) located on the sides of the control panel (5) are rigidly fixed on the upper side of the housing (1), designed to carry the device and ensure the patient is comfortable working with the device in the absence of horizontal surface.

The dimensions of the housing (1) of the device are width and length 210 × 297 mm, respectively, and its height is 20-30 mm.

The plastic handle (6) located on the upper part of the housing (1), located on the sides of the control panel (5), has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 15–20 mm and a height of 60–80 mm.

The thickness of the internal partitions (2) of the case (1) is 2-3 mm, while their height is less than the height of the case (1) by 2-5 mm, so when all the LEDs (4) are turned on, the internal partitions (2) are not visible on the placed the device has a blank sheet of paper (19).

On the upper part of the housing (1), by means of a bolted connection (not shown) above the internal partitions (2), a plate (7) is made of translucent plastic, the size of which corresponds to the size of the housing (1), and the thickness is 4-6 mm. Moreover, 4-8 recesses (8) with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a depth of 2-4 mm are made along the edges of the plate (7).

A fixing frame (10) made of metal or plastic, 4-6 mm thick, made of metal or plastic, is movably attached to the upper part of the housing (1) by means of a swivel (9), designed to fix a sheet of paper with a task (18) on which a blank sheet of paper is applied (19).

In the lower part of the housing (1) and the fixing frame (10), magnetic locks (11) are installed. To ensure convenient lifting of the locking frame (10), a handle protrusion (20) is made on its lower side.

On the front of the fixing frame (10) there are letters and numbers (not shown) indicating the cells (3) as follows: on the horizontal parts of the fixing frame (10) the letters “A”, “B”, etc., are applied, and on the vertical numbers are "1", "2", etc. Thus, each cell (3) is indicated by a certain combination of letters and numbers, for example, “A2” or “B4”.

Rigid fixing in the device of paper sheets (18 and 19) is carried out thanks to protrusions (not shown) located on the lower side of the fixing frame (10) with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a height of 2-4 mm, which enter the recesses (8) located at the edges plates (7).

Inside the control panel (5) there is a battery (12) electrically connected to a socket (not shown) located on the side wall of the control panel (5) for connecting the charger

The device is controlled by the control panel (5), on which are located:

a) button on / off switch of the device (13);

b) the button for simultaneous illumination (14) of all LEDs (4) of the device;

c) separate backlight buttons (15) of each of the LEDs (4);

d) brightness control (16) of the LED backlight (4).

The number of separate backlight buttons (15) corresponds to the number of cells (3) with LEDs (4), and their placement on the control panel (5) corresponds to the order of cells (3) with LEDs (4) in the housing (1). At the same time, letters and numbers (not shown) are applied to the control panel (5) near the split backlight buttons (15), which indicate the separate backlight buttons (15), similar to the alphanumeric designation of the cells (3). Thus, each separate backlight button (15) is indicated by a certain combination of letters and numbers, for example, “A2” or “B4”, which makes it easy to find the desired separate backlight button (15) when turning on / off the LED (4) of a particular cell (3 )

Inside the control panel (5) there is a control unit (17) (see Fig. 6), which is electrically connected to each of the LEDs (4), the battery (12), the on / off switch of the device (13), the button for simultaneous backlight (14 ), separate backlight buttons (15) and brightness control (16).

Sheets of paper inserted into the device with tasks (18) (see Figs. 4 and 5) can contain subject and plot pictures, geometric figures, and abstract images.

The device simulator for classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic works as follows.

During the lessons on the restoration of visual memory, the specialist places the simulator on the table surface and, using the on / off button (13), connects the battery (12) to the charger through the socket located on the side wall of the control panel (5).

Next, the specialist for the handle-protrusion (20) raises the locking frame (10) and places a sheet of paper with a task (18) of a certain complexity corresponding to the patient, puts a blank sheet of paper (19) on top of it and places the sheets (18 and 19) on plate surface (7). Then he lowers the fixing frame (10) onto the sheets of paper (18 and 19) and passes his hand over its surface, as a result of which the protrusions located on the fixing frame (10) enter the recesses (8) on the plate (7), making small holes in sheets of paper (18 and 19). Due to this, the fixing frame (10) connected to the device case (1) by a swivel joint (9) and magnetic locks (11) rigidly fixes paper sheets in the device (18 and 19).

Next, the specialist presses the simultaneous backlight button (14) of all the LEDs (4), making the image located on the paper sheet installed in the device with task (18) visible to the patient. The patient looks at the image for a certain time, trying to remember it.

If necessary, the specialist reduces or increases the brightness of the image backlight by rotating the knob of the brightness control (16) of the backlight from the LEDs (4).

Further, the specialist turns off the simultaneous illumination (14) of all the LEDs (4) and, using the separate backlight buttons (15), turns on a certain number of LEDs (4), as a result of which the image fragments located above the cells (3) with the LEDs (4) turned on become visible to the patient.

As a result of this, an image is displayed on the surface of a blank sheet of paper (19) located on a sheet of paper installed in the device with task (18), in which there are no individual fragments located under the cells (3) of the currently disabled LEDs (4).

After this, the patient is given the task of drawing with a pen or pencil on a blank sheet of paper located in the device (19) each of the missing image fragments.

If the patient has difficulty completing any image fragment, the specialist can briefly display the image fragment by pressing the separate backlight button (15) of the corresponding cell (3) by turning on the corresponding LED (4), which will make this image fragment visible .

After the patient has completed the drawing of all the missing image fragments, the specialist, by pressing the corresponding separate backlight buttons (15), turns on the LEDs (4) located in the cells (3) under the image fragments being drawn by the patient, as a result of which the image fragments appear under the patient completed fragments of the initial image.

Further, the specialist turns off the highlighting of these fragments, and the patient corrects the errors made in this case.

After that, the specialist turns off the LEDs (4) of several more cells (3), as a result of which several more fragments of the image become invisible, which the patient must draw in the same way.

This sequence of actions can be repeated until the entire image is redrawn by the patient.

The above-described methodology for working with the device is aimed primarily at classes with patients who have a malfunction of the visual analyzer of mild to moderate degree, which manifests itself at the mnestic level in the form of visual memory impairment.

If the patient has a more pronounced disruption of the visual analyzer, which is manifested at the gnostic level, classes are aimed primarily at restoring the process of visual perception.

In this case, the patient is asked to complete the image fragments without turning off their illumination with LEDs (4), but only with a slight deterioration in its visibility, carried out by means of the brightness control (16).

Gradually, as the patient achieves positive results, the restoration of the visual analyzer at the gnostic level (visual perception), a transition to classes aimed at restoring the work of the visual analyzer at the mnestic level (visual memory) is carried out.

The degree of complexity of the tasks offered to the patient is determined by the following parameters:

1. The features of the proposed patient for redrawing the image, consisting in the number of small parts that make up this image;

2. The time interval during which this image is presented to the patient by turning on all the LEDs (4);

3. The number and location of the image fragments that cease to be visible to the patient by turning off the LEDs (4) located in the cells (3) under these image fragments.

During one or more sessions with a specialist, the patient learns to work with the device, as a result of which he gets the opportunity to use the device for independent studies in the clinic or at home.

Along with the use of the proposed device during classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic, it can also be used in the following cases:

1. When conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have problems in the development of visual perception, memory, attention, fine motor skills;

2. As an exciting educational game that facilitates learning to draw healthy children;

3. When conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

4. As a simulator that facilitates teaching drawing to adults who want to develop their creative abilities.

Thus, the proposed simulator device improves the efficiency of the process of restoring visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by providing the possibility of quick and easy formation of tasks of varying degrees of difficulty during long courses of rehabilitation education through the presence of a case containing internal partitions in the simulator device creating cells of the same size, in the center of each of which is an LED that provides illumination the task with the help of the control panel and the translucent plastic plate installed, which as a result provides multiple and long-term classes, both with a specialist and independent at home, because the simulator device allows for self-testing of tasks performed by patients. In addition, the proposed device can be widely used outside the neurological clinic.

Claims (1)

A simulator for training to restore visual perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic, containing a case made of plastic, in the form of a box, the width and length of which are 210 × 297 mm, and the height is 20-30 mm, divided by internal partitions into cells of the same size, in the center of each of them there is an LED, the control panel and a plastic handle located on the sides of the control panel are rigidly fixed on the upper side of the device, the thickness of the internal fuses the dock of the case is 2-3 mm, while their height is less than the height of the device’s case by 2-5 mm, a plate made of translucent plastic is installed on the upper part of the case by means of a bolt connection above the internal partitions, the size of which corresponds to the size of the case and the thickness is 4 -6 mm, moreover, 4-8 recesses with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a depth of 2-4 mm are made along the edges of the plate, and a fixing frame made of metal or plastic movably fixed with a thickness of 4-6 mm, made with possible by fixing a sheet of paper in the device with a job on which a blank sheet of paper is applied, magnetic locks are rigidly fixed in the lower part of the housing and the fixing frame, and a protrusion handle is installed on the lower side of the fixing frame, letters are written on the horizontal parts of the fixing frame and on the vertical parts of the numbers, on the back of the fixing frame there are protrusions with a diameter of 2-4 mm and a height of 2-4 mm with the possibility of entering them in the recesses located at the edges of the plate on the upper part of the control panel buttons for the device’s on / off switch, simultaneous illumination of all LEDs, dimmer brightness control LEDs, LEDs separate illumination, while the number of LEDs separate illumination buttons corresponds to the number of cells with LEDs, and their placement on the control panel corresponds to the order of cells with LEDs in the device’s case, letters and numbers are plotted next to the separate backlight buttons, similar to the alphanumeric designation of cells; a block is placed inside the control panel control, which is electrically connected to each of the LEDs and buttons on / off the device, simultaneous illumination of all LEDs, separate illumination, dimmer and battery, also located inside the control panel and electrically connected to the socket for connecting the charger located on the side wall of the control panel devices.

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